NGUYEN TAC GIAO DUC !
2. HE THONG CAC NGUYEN TAC GIAO DUG
3.3. Giao due moi trudng ' ' '
B a o ve m o i t r i i d n g v a v i e c g i a o due de m o i n g U d i eo y t h i i c , t r i t h i i e v a k i n a n g bao ve m o i t r U d n g l a v a n de c6 t i n h t o a n cAu, l a n o i d u n g g i a o due r a t q u a n t r o n g t r o n g x a h o i h i e n d a i , t r o n g n h a t r i f d n g h i e n n a y .
3.3.1. Khai niem moi trwdng va 6 nhiem moi tru&ng | g^j, -
a. Moitn/dng ' ' . ' " •
- M o i t r i i d n g la v u n g v a t li va s i n h hoe x u n g q u a n h eon ngifdi.
- M o i t r i i d n g l a s i n h q u y e n bao g o m k h o n g k h i , nif6e, d a t d a i va he s i n h t h a i eo a n h h i i c i n g d e n cuoc so'ng cua con n g i f d i .
^' T o m l a i m o i t r U d n g l a t a t ca cac n h a n to' v6 s i n h v a hi3u s i n h bao q u a n h t r a i d a t , c6 a n h h i i O n g triJc t i e p h a y g i a n j i t i e p d e n cuoc s o n g v a s i i p h a t t r i e n cvia m o i s i n h v a t s o n g . I - H e s i n h t h a i l a k h a i n i e m c h i mo'i q u a n he t U d n g ho v 6 i
n h a u giiJa q u a n x a s i n h v a t v a m o i t r U d n g . H e s i n h t h a i l a
d d n v izyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA t\i n h i e n c u a cac v ^t h i i u s i n h v a v 6 s i n h d t r o n g t h o c a n b i n g cho d e n k h i b i p h a v d do tac d o n g c u a c o n n g U d i (vf d u c o n n g i i d i k h a i t h a c t a i n g u y e n da p h a v d t h e c a n bang*
cua he s i n h t h a i m a t d a t v a he s i n h t h a i nU6c).
M 6 h i n h he s i n h t h a i : Quan xa
sinh vat
Moi trudng xung quanh
NangzyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA iL/dng mat trdi He sinli ttiai
b. 0 nhiSm moi trudng
M o i t r i i d n g b i n h i e m cac c h a t doc h a i , n h i e m b a n do cac c h a t t h a i cuoc s o n g , dac b i e t la c h a t t h a i c o n g n g h i e p hoac t i e n g o n , n h i e t do, do p h o n g x a , tii t r i f d n g . . . q u a g i 6 i h a n cho p h e p , hoac do sU k h a i t h a c c i i a con n g i f d i l a m c a n k i e t n g u o n t a i n g u y e n t h i e n n h i e n , p h a v d s i l c a n b a n g s i n h t h a i . . . l a m 6
n h i e m m o i t r U d n g . ^ - O n h i e m m o i t r i l d n g l a k e t q u a tac d o n g c i i a ba ye'u to:
q u y m o d a n so, m i l e t i e u t h u t i n h t h e o d a u n g i f d i , tac d o n g c i i a con n g i i d i v a o m o i t r i i d n g .
Quy mo dan so
IVlLfc tieu thu / ngudi
Tac dong cua con ngudi vao moi triidng
Do 6 nhiem
- Cac l o a i m o i t r i i d n g b i 6 n h i e m : m o i t r i f d n g d a t , m o i t r i f d n g nif6c, k h o n g k h i , m o i t r i f d n g h i 6 n h i e m b d i t i e n g o n . 6 n h i e m n h i e t do, 6 n h i e m tii t r i f d n g , 6 n h i i m p h o n g xa. 6 n h i e m cac s o n g v a t l i . . .
3 .3 .2 . ? nghTa cua giao due m oi trudng
X a h o i c a n g p h a t t r i e n t h i c o n g tac g i a o d u e , bao ve m o i t r U d n g c a n g c6 y n g h i a q u a n t r o n g . K h i lao d o n g t h i i cong
b&ng ^'-^^ n g i f d i l a c h u ye'u c u a cac n e n s a n x u a t t r u 6 c d a y c h u y e n s a n g l a o d o n g b a n g siic m a n h c i i a m a y moc t r o n g
^;hdi d a i n g a y n a y t h i sif t a n p h a m o i t r i f d n g c a n g k h i i n g j j h i e p - T r a i D a t da t r d n e n q u a c h a t hep so v 6 i q u y m o d a n gg", toe do k h a i t h a c t a i n g u y e n . . . c i i a con n g i f d i h i e n n a y . jsjeu k h o n g c6 m o t c h i e n lUdc d u n g d a n v a l a u d a i de bao ve pioi t r i f d n g t r a i d a t c i i a c h u n g t a t h i chac c h a n l o a i n g i f d i se p h a i t r a m o t g i a d a t cho sU t o n t a i v a p h a t t r i e n t r o n g t i f d n g l a i cua m i n h .
G i a o d u e m o i t r i f d n g t i f c l a gop p h ^n bao ve sU s o n g t r e n t r a i d a t n o i c h u n g v a sU s o n g c u a con n g i f d i n o i r i e n g .
G i a o due m o i t r i f d n g l a bao d a m sU p h a t t r i e n l a u d a i v a ben v i i n g c i i a xa h o i l o a i n g i f d i , c u a h a n h t i n h c h i i n g t a .
B a d ve m o i t r i f d n g l a v i cuoc so'ng c i i a m o i n g i f d i , v i t i f d n g l a i c u a eon c h a u m a i s a u .
3 .3 .3 . Noi dung giao due m oi trw&ng a. Giao due y tiiifc bao ve moi trifdng
- Bao ve n d i s i n h sd'ng v a p h a t t r i e n eiia q u a n x a s i n h v a t v a t o n t r o n g sif c a n b a n g c i i a he s i n h t h a i .
- Co y t h i i e bao ve n g u o n t a i n g u y e n t h i e n n h i e n , d a u t r a n h cho'ng l a i n h i i n g h a n h v i l a m 6 n h i e m m o i t r i f d n g d a t , nif6c, k h o n g k h i , k h o n g k h a i t h a c b i f a b a i t a i n g u y e n , t a n p h a t h i e n n h i e n .
- Co y t h i f e giiJ g i n sU t r o n g l a n h c i i a m o i t r i f d n g s o n g h a n g n g a y c i i a con n g i f d i d m o i n d i , m o i l i i c .
^- So/ dudng kien tiiCfc ve moi trudng, bao ve va ctiong 6 nhiem moi trUdng - M o i t r i f d n g , he s i n h t h a i . , ,.. ,
- C ac ta c n h a n ga y 6 n h i e m m o i tr iiO n g va ta c h a i ciia n6 (6 n h i e m d a t, b ^ u k h i q u ye n , " h i e u l i n g n h a k i n h " , 6 n h i i m n g u o n n iid c, h oa ch a t, th u o c tr u ! s a u ...).
- R e n l u y e n va h i n h t h a n h t h o i q u e n g i i i g i n ve s i n h , b ao d a m sU t r o n g l a n h ciia m o i t r i i d n g s on g x u n g q u a n h con n g i i d i , t h a m g ia t i c h ciic va o cac h o a t d o n g giijt g i n va l a m s a ch m o i t r i f d n g . D a c b i e t la g ia o d u e y thufc c h u d o n g tronj,^
viec ca i ta o m o i tr U d n g s on g th e o h u d n g p h u h d p v6 i q u y l u a t t\i n h i e n , k h o n g t h u d o n g n g o i ch d s ii ufu a i ciia tvf n h i e n . B a o ve m o i t r i i d n g l a g i n gii3 m o i t r i i d n g c h u n g , r q n g Id n , k h o n g b o h ep t r o n g k h u o n v i e n n h a m i n h , 16p m i n h , l a n g m i n h . . . C h o'n g l a i n h i i n g t\i t u d n g la c h a u , t h i e n c a n k i e u n h i f v i i t r a c cu a n h a r a d iid n g , c h i ca n ve s i n h t r o n g n h a
k h o n g ca n q u a n t a m d en x u n g q u a n h . . . '-y, 3.3.4. Cac con di/dng giao due moi tri/dng cfio hoc sinh
- T h o n g q u a g i a n g d a y cac b o m o n k h o a hoc t i i n h i e n va x a h o i , da c b ie t l a cac m o n hoc c6 n o i d u n g t r i th i i c c6 th e k h a i th a c b a n g ea ch l o n g gh ep , t i c h h d p h oa c th eo m o d u n de g ia o d u e m o i t r i f d n g c6 h i e u q u a n h iJ m o n S i n h hoc, D i a l i , D a o d iic, G ia o d u e con g d a n v.v...
- To ch iic tr a o d oi, toa d a m , t r a n h l u a n t r o n g h o a t d on g q u a cac b u o i s i n h h o a t ve m o i t r i i d n g va b a o ve m o i tr U d n g .
- To ch iic cho hoc s i n h t h a m g ia va o viec b a o ve moi tr U d n g : t u y e n t r u y e n , co d on g , t r o n g ca y, c h a m s6c h oa . c h i m , ca y c a n h , d o n ve s i n h , d ie t r u o i , m u o i , b o ga y...
- T h a m q u a n , d u l i c h m o i tr U d n g s i n h t h a i , d a n h l a m t h a n g c a n h , r i i n g n g u y e n s i n h , cac m o i tr iJ d n g t u n h i e n va t u n h i e n n h a n ta o.
U 4. Giao due dan s o 2,4.1. Khai niem va y nghJa
K h a i n i e m g ia o d u e d a n so' ( p o p u l a t i o n e d u c a ti o n ) l a t h u a t n g i i U N E S C O d i i n g de c h i m o t ch U d n g t r i n h g ia o d u e n h a m g i i i p n g ifd i hoc h i e u difdc m o i q u a n h e q u a l a i giufa (lon g liic d a n so va cac n h a n to' k h a c ciia c h a t l i i d n g cu oc s6'ngi ti f do h i n h t h a n h y t h i i c t r a c h n h i e m cu a t i f n g ca n h a n trtfcic n h i i n g q u y e t d i n h ve l i n h vU c d a n so' n h & m n a n g cao
ch a t l i f d n g cu oc so'ng ch o b a n t h a n , g ia d i n h va x a h o izyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA {Dan so, moi tritdng, tai nguyen. N X B G ia o d u e, 1 9 9 8 ) . •
H i e n n a y c6 m o t so' n g U d i n h i m tu :6n g g ia o d u e d a n so' l a n h a m m u c d i c h g i a m d a n so. C a ch h i e u n h i f va y l a h o a n t o a n m a n g t i n h t h i e n c a n va s a i l a m . G ia o d u e d a n so' n h S m ta c d on g d e n n h a n t h i i c , t i l t i i d n g , t i n h c a m ciia m o i n g ifd i de h o CO sU Il ia c h o n d u n g d d n va c6 t r a c h n h i e m t r o n g viec d a m b ao sU ca n b a n g giu ta q u y m o d a n s o' va siJ p h a t t r i e n k i n h te x a h o i, n h a m n a n g cao c h a t l i i d n g cu oc so'ng con n g i i d i .
G ia o d u e d a n s o'co y n g h i a r a t q u a n t r o n g , n o l a m o t q u a t r i n h g i i i p ch o n g i i d i hoc c6 n h i i n g h i e u b i e t ve cac v a n de d a n so', t r e n cd sd do c6 n h a n q u a n d u n g d i n ve p h a t t r i e n d a n so, q u y m o g ia d i n h , k e h o a ch h oa g ia d i n h , p h a t t r i e n v a ca i t h i e n c h a t lu ^dng cu oc so'ng. G ia o d u e d a n so' trci t h a n h
l o t n o i d u n g g ia o d u e k h o n g th e th ie' u d iid c ch o hoe s i n h r on g n h a t r i i d n g h i e n n a y de th e he tr e n a n g cao h i e u b iet,
y t h i i c t r a c h n h i e m de e h u a n h i l a m ch a m e s a u n a y.
Th e o d a n h g ia ciia cac n h a h o a t d o n g quo'c te t h i l o a i
ig U d i d a n g p h a i d o i m a t vd i bo'n v a n de Id n c6 l i e n q u a n d en zyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA I^U t o n t a i va p h a t t r i e n cu a n h a n l o a i, do l a : s ii " b i i n g n o "
i a n so, v a n de 6 n h i i m m o i t r i i d n g , v a n de c h i e n t r a n h va
v a n de n g h eo d oi, t r o n g do d a n so' l a n g u y e n n h a n cu azyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA m f i ,
n g u y e n n h a n . Tufc la , n e u g i a i q u ye t d iid c v a n de d a n sozyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA't lVi zyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA
CO th e g ia i q u ye t difdc cac v a n de k h a c . 3.4.2. Muc tieu va noi dung giao due dan so a. Muc tieu cua giao due dan so
D o i v6 i to a n xa h o i , m u c t i e u g ia o du e d a n so gop p h a n ta o r a sU p h a t t r i e n l a u d a i va b en viJ n g cho n h a n l o a i.
D o'i v6 i m o i ca n h a n , gia o d u e d a n s o ' n h l i m :
- C u n g ca p n h f l n g t r i th i l c cd b a n ve d a n so' hoc, t i n h
h i n h d a n so t r e n th e g id i, t r o n gzyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA nxidc va d ia p h U d n g , car c h i n h s a ch d a n so va ke h o a c h h oa g ia d i n h .
- N a n g cao n h a n th i i c ve k h a n a n g d i e u c h i n h h o a t donjr s i n h de cu a con n gU d i de ta o r a sU c a n do'i g ifl a d a n so va s a n
x u a t , c h a t lU d n g cu oc s on g. r
- D i n h h i f d n g n h i i n g g ia t r i d a o d iic m d i , k h a c p h u c n h u tn g q u a n n i e m c ii k h o n g con p h u h d p ve h o n n h a n , g ia d i n h va h a n h p h u c g ia d i n h .
- G ia o d u e t h a i do, h a n h v i d u n g d a n tr ifd c nhuEng va'n de d a n so d a t nxidc, p h a t t r i e n d a n so h d p 11, p h a n b o d a n cu va la o d on g .
- B o i d U d n g t r i th i i c va k i n a n g th U c h i e n k e h o a c h hoa g ia d i n h , n a n g cao c h a t l i i d n g cu oc so'ng.
- B i e t l a m con g ta c d a n so', l a m con g ta c v i e n tu y e n t r u y e n ve g ia o du e d a n so va k e h oa ch h oa g ia d i n h .
b. Noi dung giao due dan so
V e m a t 11 t h u y e t l a l a m ch o hoc s i n h h i e u r o mo'i q u a n he g ifl a d a n so', m o i tr iJ d n g va c h a t l U d n g cu oc s on g.
Noi dung GDDS
Moi trirdng: Ctia't iL/ dng cuoc so n g
tieu GDDS
- Boi dLf8ng nhan thifc - Tliai dp diing - Co iianh vi tliich hdp
Quy mo gia dinh hdp li Phat trien dan so hdp li Phan bo dan CLf hdp li - N a m vu tn g b a k h a i n i e m cd b a n : d a n so', c h a t l i i d n g cu oc so'ng va m o i tr U d n g . '
- N a m vQ n g h a i mo'i q u a n h e cd b a n : q u a n h e d a n s o' va ch a t l U d n g cu oc s on g, q u a n h e d a n so' - m o i t r i i d n g va c h a t
l i i d n g cu oc so'ng. • r
V e m a t t h u c t i e n , v a n d u n g n a m c h i i d i e m gia o du e d a n so t r o n g k h u vU c va o th ttc t i e n nxidc t a . ằ ;ô•••ằ> u./...-
- Q u y m o g ia d i n h va c h a t l i i d n g cu oc so'ng: ch a p n h a n
fia d i n h q u y m o n h o . m o i ca p vd c h o n g c h i c6 1 h oa c 2 con , e ea ch n h a u 5 n a m ( Q D 162 H D B T ) .
- T u o i k e t h o n h d p 11: nu( d i i 18 t u o i , n a m d u 20 t u o i , v a n d on g k e t h o n m u o n n i i t u o i 22, n a m t u o i 24 - 2 5 .
- T\i ea ch va t r a c h n h i e m l a m ch a m e: dU dc t r a n g h i n h i i n g k i e n t h i i c t o i t h i e u ve s i n h de c6 k e h oa ch , c h a m soc, b a o ve s iic k h o e t h a i n g h e n va s i n h s a n , n u o i con , th U c h i e n n g h i a v u va t r a c h n h i e m l a m ch a m e. • ^•>' ' '
~ N a m d iid c mo'i q u a n h e d a n so' - m o i t r i f d n g va c h a t ,|lUdng cu oc s on g , tii do l a m n o i b a t t l n h ca p b a ch ciia k e jfeoach h oa d a n so va s i n h de - k e h o a c h h oa g ia d i n h t r o n g
h i e n t a i va t U d n g l a i . . .
- X a c d i n h v a Ivta c h o n n h f l n g g i a t r i x a h o i c6 l i e n q u a n d e n d a n s o ' ( n h u s o ' c o n , c o n t r a i , c o n g a i , h a n h p h u c g i a d i n h v . v . . . ) .
3.4.3. Cac con du&ng giao due danzyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA s o
- T h o n g q u a p h i i d n g p h a p l o n g g h e p - t i c h h d p n o i d u n g g i a o due d a n s o ' v a o cac m o n hoc t u n h i e n - x a h o i .
- T h o n g q u a cac h o a t d o n g n g o a i k h o a : n o i e h u y e n v6 d a n so', s i n h h o a t e a u lae bo t i m h i e u ve d a n so', k e h o a c h hoa g i a d i n h , h o a t d o n g n g h e t h u a t , t u y e n t r u y e n ve d a n so'.
... - T o chute c h o hoe s i n h t h a m g i a euoc t u y e n t r u y e n vd g i a o due d a n so, t u v a n ve g i a o due d a n so'.
• - P h o b i e n g i d i t h i e u c h o hoe s i n h n a m dUde cac c h u t r i i d n g , c h i n h s a c h eua D a n g v a N h a nUdc ve d a n so' ( c h i n h s a c h d a n so), cac c h i e n lUdc p h a t t r i e n d a n s o ' v a x a y d t f n g . n a n g cao c h a t l i i d n g cuoc s o n g .
3 . 5 . G i a o d u e gidi t i n h ^ , .,>..<:n.^.*')| • 3.5.1. Khai niem va y nghia
a. Khai niem
- G i d i t i n h l a n h u t n g dac d i e m r i e n g b i e t ve g i a i p h l u s i n h l i cd t h e v a n h f l n g dae t r U n g ve t a m If - x a h o i ( h i i n g
t h u , t i n h earn, x i i e c a m , t i n h e a c h , n a n gzyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA l\ic, n h a n t h i i e v . v . . . ) t a o n e n s d k h a e b i e t ve g i d i n a m v a n i i .
- G i a o due g i d i t i n h l a " g i a o due ve c h i i e n a n g l a m mot eon n g U d i c6 g i d i t i n h , l a m cho ho eo n h a n t h i l c , t h a i do va h a n h v i d u n g dkn do'i v d i n g d d i k h a c g i d i . D i e u q u a n t r o n g la de cap v a n de g i d i t i n h m o t e a c h c o n g k h a i v a d a y d u d Idp
jjoc ta n h a t r e d e n d a i hoc, g i u p c h o hoe s i n h c a m t h a y a n t o a n v a til do t r o n g v i e c b i e u 16 c a m x i i c l i e n q u a n t d i d d i ggng g i d i t i n h " ( t h e o tii d i e n Bach khoa ve giao due). T a c6 the' h i e u g i a o due g i d i t i n h l a m o t q u a t r i n h t a c d o n g sU p h a m e i i a n h a g i a o d u e h u d n g v a o v i e c v a c h r a n h i i n g n e t ,
n h f l n g p h a m c h a t , n h f l n g dac t r f l n g v a n h f l n g k h u y n h h f l d n g Jjhat t r i e n c u a n h a n e a c h hoe s i n h , n h & m xac d i n h t h a i do x a l i p i c a n t h i e t e i i a ca n h a n do'i v d i cac v a n de g i d i t i n h
Ij. Y nghia
- G i a o due g i d i t i n h eo y n g h i a I d n do'i v d i sfl p h a t t r i e n t a r n s i n h 11 c u a t h a n h t h i e u n i e n hoc s i n h .
X a h o i h i e n d a i d a c6 n h f l n g y e u t o ' v a d i e u k i e n d a n d e n s U p h a t t r i e n s d m ve g i d i t i n h d t r e e m . C h a t I f l d n g cuoc s o n g n g a y c a n g cao, s f l b u n g n o t h o n g t i n v d i n h i e u p h f l d n g t i e n n g h e n h i n , p h i m a n h v e cuoc s o n g g i a d i n h , t i n h y e u , q u a n he n a m n f l a n h h f l d n g r a t n h i e u v a n h a n h n h a y t d i t h e h e t r e . T a c6 t h e t h a m k h a o m o t so' t f l l i e u t h f l e te de t h a y dflde x a h o i h i e n d a i c ^ n p h a i r a t q u a n t a m d e n v a n de g i a o d u e g i d i t i n h .
- Sfl t h i e u h i e u b i e t ve g i d i t i n h e6 t h e d a n d e n q u a n h e t i n h due s d m d t h a n h n i e n . ( T h e o so l i e u t h o n g k e e i i a l i e n Bo Y te - G i a o due, h a n g n a m c6 k h o a n g 1,2 d e n 1,5 t r i e u ca nao p h a t h a i , t r o n g d6 eo t d i 3 0 0 . 0 0 0 t r f l d n g h d p l a t h a n h n i e n t r e e h f l a eo g i a d i n h ) . s , . , ; - - i -
- Sfl l a y I a n eae b e n h q u a d f l d n g t i n h due, dac b i e t l a H I V / A I D S , t r o n g so b e n h n h a n n h i i m H I V t h i 5 0 % d t u o i t h a n h n i e n , 1 4 % d t u o i v i t h a n h n i e n .
- T h e o so l i e u d i e u t r a d a n so 1999 c h o t h a y 2 3 % ( g a n
1/4 DS)zyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA niicfc tazyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA d tuoi vi thanh nien chifa dUdc giao due gi6i tinh day du t\i gia dinh va nha trUdng nen de d i n den nhiing
hanh vi lech lac ve gidi tinh va tinh due, e&n phai dUdc uo'n nan kip thdi. , > , ' .
Tu: thUc te tren day, ta thay viec dvia chiidng trinh giao due gidi tinh vao nha triidng pho thong cac cap vila c6 tinh cap thiet, vtfa c6 y nghia to 16n doi v6i giao due dan so, gvd dinh, chat lu'dng cuoe song... de thUe hien muc dich giao due phat trien toan dien nhan each hoc sinh.
- Giao due gidi tinh anh hiidng trUe tiep den giao due dan so'. Giao due gidi tinh cung cap nhiJng kien thiic khoa hoc ve dan so ke hoach hoa gia dinh, sdc khoe sinh san, ve hanh phiic gia dinh..., giup eho hoc sinh c6 hieu biet va y thiie lam chii trong cac quan he tinh ban, tinh yeu va hon nhan sau nay.
thUc hien diide muc tieu va noi dung ciia giao due dan so trong the he tre - mot bo phan rat quan trong trong dan eU.
- Giao due gidi tinh la eon dUdng hvJu hieu ngan ngifa cac benh lay nhiem qua con dudng tinh due, dac biet la H I V - A I D S .
- Giao due gidi tinh se giup cho thanh thieu nien hoc sinh h i n h thanh thai do, hanh vi dung dan trong cac moi quan he ban be khae gidi, biet lam chu trong viec giai quyet eae van de c6 lien quan den tinh yeu, hon nhan, gia dinh.
xay dung cuoe song lanh manh, c6 v a n hoa, hudng tdi cuoc song hanh phiic.
3.5.2. Noi dung giao due gidi ti'nh
NhQng kien thiic ve sU phdt trien ve gidi nam va nS:
- Ve giai phau sinh l i ;
- Cau tao, chiie nang cua cac cd quan sinh due n a m - ni3; zyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA
•i— T u o i day thi va n h i i n g bieu hien, each nhan biet va giai quyet n h i i n g " b i an" d tuoi day t h i ;
- Sinh san va siic khoe sinh san v i t h a n h nien; i/' - ' i - Cac kien thtle, h i e u biet ve siie khoe cua gidi, phong, t r a n h va nao pha t h a i , phong t r a n h cac benh lay Ian qua dvfdng t i n h due.
Giao due ve cac moi quan he xd hoi theo gidi cua cd nhan
# -
%6i nguai
- Quan he hon nhan, gia dinh; " '
- Quan he, bon phan cua moi ngifdi la nam, mi k h i trd thanh cha me, con cai (trai, gai, dau, re) ong ba, anh chi, em v.v...
- Quan he ban be va ban khae gidi; , _ ..j^,,.-^ g g - T i n h yeu n a m - ni3.
f) Giao due, h i n h t h a n h k i nang xae d i n h cac gia t r i xa hoi:
% tUdng, le song, h a n h phuc gia d i n h , dan toe, con cai ( t r a i , gai, t i n h yeu, cuoe song, t i n h ban v.v...). '"' 3.5.3. Cac con dwdng giao due gidi tinti trong nha tradng pho thong
- Thong qua giang day, hoe tap eae mon khoa hoe tU nhien. khoa hoc xa hoi bang phiJdng phap long ghep hoac tich hdp nhutng t r i thrtc gidi t i n h vao nhiJng phan p h i i hdp.
- Thong qua cac ehiidng t r i n h , boat dong ngoai khda.
+ Dien dan trao doi ve cac chuyen de t i n h ban, t i n h yeu, hon nhan, gia d i n h .
+ T i m hieu qua cac t a i lieu, sach bao. p h i m , anh de hieu zyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA Ve cau tao, chiie nang, ve sinh t h u d n g thiic. phong t r a n h cac
^ n h cua cac bo p l i a n sinh due, sinh san ciia nam - nijt.
4- T r i e n l a m ve p h o n g t r a n h t h a i ( p h U d n g t h i i c , p h i f d n g t i e n , d u n g c u . . . ) -
- G i a o due g i 6 i t i n h q u a t U v a n ( t i n h y e u , h o n n h a n , gia d i n h , cac b e n h c u a m o i g i 6 i , t a r n l i v a b e n h t a m l i . . . )
- Q u a cac b u o i s i n h h e a t t a p t h e , b o a t d o n g v a n b o a , v a n n g h e v 6 i cac de t a i ve g i d i t i n h , ve h o n n h a n , h a n h p b i i c gia d i n h , ve t i n h b a n k h a c g i d i v . v . . .
- Q u a cac b o a t d o n g v u i c h d i , v a n n g h e , t h e due t h e t h a o , q u a cac b o a t d o n g n a y giiip cho cac e m b i e t l i l a c h o n h a n h v i p h i i h d p v d i g i d i t i n h c u a m i n h . . .
- Q u a cac m o n hoczyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA txl e b o n ( n a u a n , n i i c o n g , d u l i c h , d m t i a b o a , n h a c , h o a , k i t h u a t . . . ) -
3.6. Giao due phong chong ma tuy
3.6.1. Khai niem zyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA M a t u y l a gi?
' N g a y n a y c6 r a t n h i e u d i n h n g h i a ve m a t u y . Co t h e h i e u m a t u y d cac n g h i a r o n g h e p k h a c n h a u . C h u n g t a c6 t h e h i e u ve m a t u y n h u s a u :
M a t u y l a nhuEng c h a t n h i i t h u o c p h i e n , h e r o i n , cocain, m o o c p h i n v.v..., k h i vao cd t h e n g i i d i se gay n g h i e n v a b u y h o a i , l a m t h a y d d i cac chiic n a n g s i n h 11, t a m l i c i i a cdn n g i f d i .
- M a t u y CO t h e diidc difa vao cd t h e n g i f d i qua cac con difdng:
+ H u t , v i d u h u t t h u o c p h i e n , cin sa...
+ N g i i i , h i t bang each d o t c h a y t r U e t i e p cac c h a t n h u h e r o i n , c o c a i n . . . r o i n g i i i , h i t k h o i c u a c h u n g v a o m i e n g , m i i i -
+ N h a i , nuo't, u o n g , n g a m ;
+ T i e m , c h i c h d i f d i d a , t i n h m a c h c a c c h a t n h U m o o c p h i n , d o l a c g a n , h e r o i n d u d i d a n g t h e l o n g . , , , , .
N g h i e n m a tiiy l a gi? . , •
+ T h e o n g h i a k h o a h o c t h i n g h i e n m a t u y l a t r a n g t h a i n h i e m d o c c d t h e t h e o e h u k i h a y m a n t i n h k h i d a svL d u n g c h a t m a t u y t h a n h t h o i q u e n .
+ C d c h e g a y n g h i e n m a t i i y l a d o c h a t g a y n g h i e n ( n h i f h e r o i n , d i f d e d U a tCf b e n n g o a i v a o c d t h e g a y k i c h t h i c h m a n h d h e t h a n k i n h g a y h i f n g p h a n , h a m m e c6 c a m g i a e l a n g l a n g , s a n g k h o a i , d i c h i u g i a t a o . K h i t h i e u c h a t k i c h t h i c h n a y tit b e n n g o a i ( g o i l a m o c p h m n g o a i s i n h ) t h i c d t h e u e o a i , h a d U d n g h u y e t , l e n c d n co g i a t , d a u d d n t i f t r o n g x i f d n g t u y d e n c a c b a p c d , d a u d a u , m a t n g i i , c d t h e l u d n d t r a n g t h a i d d d i n , c d k h i h u n g b a n g ^ n n h i l m a t y t b i i c , " b a t ckn d d i " v a c6 t h e l a m b a t cut d i e u g i d e c6 t h u o c d i i n g c h o t h o a m a n c d n n g h i e n . N g U d i d a d u n g c a c c h a t g a y n g h i e n se t a o r a d o n g h i n h t r e n v 6 n a o t h a n h t h o i q u e n x a u l a n e u k h o n g d i i n g t h u o c ( d i i a c h a t g a y n g h i e n v a o c d t h e b a n g c a c c o n d i J d n g ) t h i k h o n g t h e c i i d n g l a i d i i d c s U t h e m m u o n n h i f d m o t c o n v a t . •ô! •
+ H i e n n a y n g U d i t a c6 t h e d u n g p h e p t h i i n U d c t i e u c i i a n g U d i n g h i e n b a n g q u e c h i t h i m a u se b i e t c h i n h x a c t i n h t r a n g n g h i e n m a t i i y c i i a n g U d i n g h i e n m o t e a c h n h a n h c h o n g .
M a t u y l a h i e m b o a t r o n g x a h o i h i e n n a y d o t a c h a i c\lc k i n g u y h i e m c u a n o do'i v 6 i l o a i n g i f d i n o i c h u n g v a v 6 i t h a n h t h i e u n i e n h o c s i n h n o i r i e n g . G i a o d u e p h o n g c h o n g m a t i i y l a v a n d e c6 t i n h c a p b a c h c u a t h d i d a i v a t r d t h a n h n o i d u n g g i a o d u e k h o n g t h e t h i e u d U d c t r o n g n h a t r U d n g h i e n n a y . .', ' ^- , / / i r S . s n / o ; j m o f l / i ri,.'i;^:-.
3.6.2. V nghia cua giao due phong chong ma tuy trong nha trwdng Giao due phong chong ma tuy trong nha trUdng c6 y nghia het siic to Idn do'i vdi ddi song tijfng ca nhan va toan xa hoi.
Triidc het giao due phong chong ma t u y gop phan bao dam t r a tzyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA t\i an n i n h xa hoi, lam cho xa hoi on d i n h phat t r i e n . N h i i n g ke buon ban, tang triJ, nghien h u t ma t u y da gay ra su mat on d i n h xa hoi n h i i t r o m cap, cxidp giat, giet ngUdi, lifa dao, ... gay ra bao canh tang t h i i d n g cho xa hoi. De t r a n h dUdc t i n h t r a n g nay truldc het phai lam cho moi ngUdi c6 y thilc phong chong ma t u y xam nhap vao cong dong...
Giao due phong ehong ma t u y gop p h a n bao ve h a n h phiic gia d i n h , v i h a n h phiic tifdng l a i cua the he t r e . N h i e u gia d i n h c6 con em nghien ma t u y da dan den t i n h t r a n ^ k h a n h k i e t k i n h te, gia d i n h t a n nat, l i t a n . . .
Giao due phong chong ma t u y la gop ph&n bao ve va nang cao chat lifdng noi giong, phong t r a n h cac benh xa hoi,
dac biet la H I V / A I D S . . .zyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA A t . , :;V Co the noi, giao due phong ehong ma t u y c6 r a t n h i e u y
nghia do'i v6i cuoc song xa hoi, dac biet la do'i vdi the he tre.
Ngay nay t r o n g nha trUdng, d t a t ca eac cap hoc deu ehu t r o n g cong tac giao due phong chong ma t u y v6i k h a u hieu:
T u o i tre khong de ma t u y xam nhap hoc difdng.
3.6.3. Muc tieu va noi dung giao due phong chong ma tuy hoc dudng
- N a n g cao nhan thiic cho the he t r e , hoc sinh ve t i n h chat va tac h a i ciia ma t u y - mot hiem hoa cua xa hoi loai ngifdi, quo'e gia, dan toe, thdi dai. M o i ngiJdi, dac biet hi t h a n h t h i e u nien hoe s i n h p h a i e a n h giac v6i ke t h u nguy hiem nay va hay t r a n h xa no de xay dUng mot moi trufdng hoe dUdng t r o n g l a n h khong c6 ma t u y . . / f n n
- T u y e n t r u y e n , giao due cho hoe s i n h biet each phong chong ma t u y cho ban t h a n , cho gia d i n h va xa hoi.
- L a m cho hoe sinh biet to ehiie, xay d i i n g lo'i song l a n h m a n h , lac quan, yeu ddi, k h o n g mac vao eac te nan ed bae, r i i d u ehe, nghien h u t l a m eho n h a n each, phaim chat hi doi bai, t h a n the t a n phe.
- Giao due phong chong ma t u y eon c6 muc dich la l a m cho hoe s i n h biet to t h a i do k i e n quyet cho'ng l a i viee san xuat, buon ban, t a n g tri3 va sii d u n g t r a i phep ma t u y va nhiJing ngifdi tiep tay eho te n a n ma t u y . Hoc sinh c6 the t h a m gia vao cong tac t u y e n t r u y e n phong cho'ng ma t u y t r o n g nha t r i i d n g va d dia phiJdng. , . i f M ^ , r . . ,< -
3.6.4. Cac hinh thut giao due phong chong te nan ma tuy trong trwdng hoe •
- Thong qua day hoc cac mon C h i n h t r i , Dao dOfe, Giao due cong dan... ,:: ' , / • -^^
- Qua eac buoi sinh hoat tap the (sinh boat Idp, doan, doi, chao cd, ngoai khoa, dien dan).
- To ehiie eho hoc s i n h t h a m gia t u y e n t r u y e n , pho bien cac ehu t r i f d n g cua N h a nUdc, cua c h i n h quyen ve phong cho'ng ma t u y . T h a m gia cac phong trao t u y e n t r u y e n , van dong b a i t r i f cac te n a n xa hoi d dia p h i i d n g .
- To chiic eac hoat dong sang tac t h d ca, nhae, hoa. cac t i e u p h a m nghe t h u a t va to chile bieu dien van nghe ciia thay va t r o vdi nhufng noi dung t u y e n t r u y e n , van dong, giao due t h i e t thiic, cu the, hap d i n ve phong chong ma t u y .
- Cho hoc sinh (nhat la hoc s i n h cac Idp Idn tuoi) triie tiep difde nghe hoac trao doi vdi n h i i n g t h a n h nien bi r d i vao con dUdng ma t u y nay da cai nghien diide noi ve noi dau kho.
t a n nat gia d i n h , nhuc nha v i nghien ngap nhif the nao de hoc sinh lay do lam giidng ma hay t r a n h xa ma t u y - mot hiem hoa cua loai ngiidi. Ciing c6 the cho hoc s i n h triJc tiep tiep xiic v6i cha, me, ngifdi t h a n cua mot so' ngUOi m&c nghien ma t u y de ho diidc chiing k i e n n6i ciic nhuc e che cua
cac gia d i n h c6 ngUdi nghienzyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA nhxl the nao. Do c h i n h la bai hoc de cac em khong bao gid mac vao cac te n a n xa hoi nay.
- To chiic cho hoc s i n h xem cac bo p h i m , vd dien noi ve tac h a i cua nghien ma t u y de cac em thay ro h i n h anh: cai chet can ke, gia d i n h t a n n a t , t a i san k h a n h k i e t , benh hoan.
doi ngheo, pham phap, mat het n h a n each, n h a n pham, ganh nang cho gia d i n h va xa hoi, nhiJng ke song thiia, an bam va gay h a i cho moi ngu^di... Tii do c6 the to chiic cho cac em toa dam, trao doi cu the qua cac h i n h tUdng nghe t h u a t , viet t h u hoach ve tac h a i cua nghien ma t u y ma t\i giac xa l a n h no.
- To chiic cac hoi nghi gii3a c h i n h quyen dia phUdng, cha me hoc sinh va hoc sinh cua 16p, trvfdng ve phong chong ma t u y d triJdng va dia phutdng. Sau do thiic hien k i cam ket doi V6i txing gia d i n h va tying hoc sinh k h o n g mSc vao cac te nan xa hoi. khong nghien h u t , buon ban, t a n g triJ, van chuyen chat ma t u y .
C A U H O I V A B A I T A P / v , C a u h o i
1. Neu va phan t i c h k h a i n i e m , y nghia cua giao due dao diic t r o n g nha t r i i d n g pho thong.
2. Phan t i c h cac n h i e m v u cua giao due dao dilc va noi ro vi sao giao due dao diic t r o n g nha trifdng xa hoi chu nghia hien nay can phai thvfc hien cac nhiem v u do.
g Phan tich cac noi dung cua giao due dao diic. Theo anh (chi) t h i cac noi dung do can phai diJdc thiic hien nhxi the nao de dap utng diidc yeu cau ciia thiJc tien giao due hien nay?.
4_ Qua t r i n h giao due dao diic dien ra n h u the nao? L a y zyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA I dan chiing thuc te giao due de l a m sang ro mo'i quan he
r bien chiing giiia cac bii6c cua qua t r i n h giao due dao diic.
g. Phan t i c h k h a i n i e m va y nghia cua t r i due.
6. Phan tich n h i i n g nhiem v u , noi dung cd ban cua t r i due.
7. Bang l i l u a n va thvic te, a n h (chi) t h a y c6 the phat t r i e n t r i lUc cho hoc s i n h bang n h i i n g each nao? Lay v i du cu the de m i n h hoa.
8. Phan t i c h cac n h i e m v u va noi d u n g ciia the due.
9. Phan t i c h cac n h i e m v u cua m i due.
10. N h i i n g noi d u n g cd ban cua m i due t r o n g nha triJdng pho thong hien nay la gi? Co the t h i i c h i e n cac noi dung m i due bang n h i i n g con diidng nao? ' i . ' f. /b:ằ : : 11. Phan t i c h n h i e m v u , noi d u n g cua giao due lao dong - k i
t h u a t cho hoc s i n h t r o n g n h a t r i i d n g pho thong. : .-a 12. Phan t i c h k h a i n i e m va y nghia ciia giao due hifdng
nghiep cho hoc s i n h t r o n g n h a trUdng pho thong.
13. Phan t i c h cac n h i e m v u cua cong tac giao due h i i 6 n g nghiep t r o n g nha t r i i d n g pho thong va phUdng hiidng thiic hien cac n h i e m v u do.
14. Neu va phan t i c h cac h i n h thiic hiidng nghiepzyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA d t r i i d n g pho thong h i e n nay. A n h (chi) c6 n h a n xet gi ve hieu qua
cua no?
15. Phan t i c h n h i i n g noi d u n g va con diidng giao due moi t r i i d n g cho hoc s i n h t r o n g nha t r i i d n g pho thong.