NGUYEN TAC GIAO DUC !
2. HE THONG CAC NGUYEN TAC GIAO DUG
2.1. Giao due dao dure, tirtirong chinh trj, phap luat
Giao due dao diic la nhUng tdc dgng sU pham mot each CO mue dich, c6 he thong vd c6 ke hoach cua nha giao due tdi nguai duac giao due (hoc sinh) de hoi dildng cho ho nhi/ ng phdm chat dao diic (chudn miCc hdnh vi dao dite) phii hap vdi yeu cdu ciia xd hoi. Th i i c c h a t eiia g ia o d u e d a o dijfc la s u
e h u ye n h oa y th i i c xa h o izyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA c6 l i e n q u a n t h a n h p h a m c h a t d a o d iic. t\i tifO n g ca n h a n . N o i d u n g p h a m c h a t d a o dxic. t u
t u o n g cu a con n g U d i b a o g om l a p t r u d n g e h i n h t r i . th e gid i q u a n va p h a m c h a t d a o d iic. D o do. g ia o d u e d a o d iie m a e h u n g ta n o i d e n b a o g o m g ia o d u e th e g id i q u a n , n h a n s m h q u a n c h i i n g h i a con g s a n , g ia o d u e ti f tifO n g c h i n h t r i (du :dng l o i e h i n h s a eh eu a D a n g , h ie'n p h a p , p h a p l u a t cu a N h a n u d e. . . ) va g ia o d u e cac p h a m c h a t d a o d ile eao d ep eu a con n g U d i m d i ch o hoc s i n h .
Q u a t r i n h g ia o d u e d a o d iic (due du e) ca n c ii va o yeu ea u xa h o i n h a t d i n h , ca n cii va o q u y l u a t h i n h t h a n h p h a m cha't t u t u d n g . d a o d iic de t i e n h a n h c h u y e n t a i cac c h u ^ n m u e xa h o i d e n n g U d i dU de g ia o d u e m o t ea ch eo m u c d i c h , c6 k e
h oa ch q u a viec p h a t b u y t i n h n a n g d o n g e h i i q u a n cu a figU di dU de g ia o d u e de h i n h t h a n h n h i J n g p h eim c h a t t i f tifcin g d a o d iic m a n h a g ia o d u e m o n g m u o' n . T h a y g ia o k h i yg u c ^ u h oc s i n h th U c h i e n m o t n h i e m v u g ia o d u e th e o d u n g c h i d i n ciia t h a y c h i n h la th U c h i e n n h f l n g y e u c a u , q u y d i n h c iia x a h o i .
Q u a t r i n h g ia o d u e d a o d iic v i i a la q u a t r i n h n h a g ia o du e ta e d o n g t d i n g i i d i duldc g ia o d u e viifa l a q u a t r i n h n g U d i diidc g ia o d u e c h u d on g , t i i gia c ti e p t h u cac ta c d on g , a n h h iicin g do. V i va y, y e u to' c a u t h a n h q u a t r i n h g ia o d u e d a o d iic b a o g o m n h a g ia o d u e va h o a t d o n g ciia h o; ngu fdi d iid e gia o d u e va b o a t d o n g cu a h o; n o i d u n g , p h U d n g p h a p va p h i i d n g t i e n g ia o d u e... T o a n b o cac ye u to do l a i g a n l i e n va b i c h i pho'i b d i m o i t r i i d n g v a n h oa - xa h o i . ; . •
Q u a t r i n h h i n h t h a n h p h a m ch a t dao d iic, t i i ti i d n g l a i la qu a t r i n h n a y s i n h va p h a t t r i e n t i i d d n g i a n d en p h iic ta p , tu "
th a p d en cao, t i i th a y d oi ve l i i d n g d i n d en t h a y d oi ve ch a t cu a p h a m ch a t d a o d iic va t i i tiicin g ea n h a n . C on n g i i d i d i i d i a n h h iid n g ciia n h a t r i i d n g , gia d i n h va xa h oi, t h o n g q u a h oa t d on g tich ciie eu a c h i i th e se tiep t h u t i i tu 6 n g c h i n h t r i , q u y p h a m dao d iic xa h o i r o i c h u ye n h oa t h a n h dac t r i i n g ca t i n h on d i n h ciia b a n t h a n . N g i i d i th eo t h u y e t h o a n c a n h l u o n de cao va i tr o q u yet d i n h m o t c h ie u ciia h o a n c a n h m o i t r i i d n g d oi vd i gia o due da o d iic. H o cho r a n g dao d iic, t i i t i i d n g cu a eon n g iid i eh i la s a n p h a m t i e u ciic ciia h o a n c a n h va gia o d u e.
C h i i n g h i a M a c d a n h a n th i i e q u a t r i n h n a y m o t ea ch k h o a hoc, b i e n c h i i n g : B a n c h a t con n g i i d i l a t o n g h oa cac n^oi q u a n h e x a h o i . C on n g i i d i c6 b a n c h a t xa h o i l i e h s ii.
Cac q u a n h e b i e n e h i i n g g i i i a n g u y e n n h a n b en t r o n g va
ngu yen n h a n b en ngoai da cu ng cap cdzyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA sd If l u a n phifdng pha p lu a n ch in h xac cho qu a t r i n h giao due dao diic.
T\i n h ieu n a m nay, n h iin g ngU di la m cong tac giao due o n\idc ta da tien h a n h n gh ien eufu he th on g sU p h a t tr ien n h a n thiic dao dilc cua cac the he th a n h th ieu men , nghien cufu siJ h i n h th a n h va dieu ch in h la i h a n h vi tr a i v6i chu a n mUc dao diic xa hoi cua hoc s mh cu ng n h ii va i tr o ciia tap the 16p tr on g sU h in h th a n h pha'm cha t dao diic; t i m hieu qu a t r i n h h i n h th a n h p h a m ch a t dao diic tr en cd sd ket hdp giiia l i lu a n v6i thU c ti§n giao due da neu ra cac h\ldc cua qu a t r i n h giao due dao diic n h u sau :
- Qu a tr in h tac dong nang cao nha n thijfc ve t u tiidng, ch in h t r i , dao diic la m cd sd cho sii h in h th a n h , pha t tr ien va the hien cac h a n h vi dao dUc tron g ddi song xa hoi, h in h th a n h nen l i tifdng, the gi6i qu an, n h a n s inh qu an d moi ca n h a n .
- B oi dU dng n h iin g ti n h cam d u n g dSn, tr on g sang, p h ii hdp v6i cac qu a n n iem, ch u a n miic dao diic, qu a n he lin g xii cua xa hoi la m h in h th a n h he th on g th a i do ti n h cam d u n g da n, tr on g sang tr on g cac qu a n he xa hoi.
- Ren lu yen h a n h vi, th oi qu en dao diic xa h oi ch ii n gh ia . Q u a tr i n h giao due dao diic kh on g chi gin lien vdi qua t r i n h giao due ta tiid n g ch in h t r i ma con gSn lien ma t th iet v6i qu a t r i n h giao due pha p lu a t. N eu n h ii n h iin g gia t r i dao diic th ifd n g k h ien con n giid i t\l ngu yen tu a n theo t h i n h iin g yeu cau lu a t pha p th iid n g ma n g ti n h b M buoc. M 6 i n giid i song va la m viec p h a i tu a n theo hie'n pha p va pha p lu a t th i xa hoi mdi ton ta i, on d in h va p h a t tr ien . H a n h vi ciia mm ngU di viia h i ch i phoi b di cac gia t r i dao diic vufa ch iu s ii chi phoi cvia he th on g lu a t phap xa hoi. Ph a n Idn n h iin g chu a n
^xic pha p l u a t p h ii hdp v6i n h iin g ch u ^ n miic dao diic, song zyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA
C l i n g CO n h iin g ch u a n miJc, tr on g n h iin g ti n h huo'ng va hoa n canh n h a t d in h n eu p h ii hdp vd i ch u a n miic dao diic t h i tr a i phap lu a t va ngiidc la i. Pha p l u a t xa h oi cang va n m in h , tien
bo t h i cang p h ii hdp vdi cac gia t r i dao diic tot dep. ' 2.1- 2. Vng hTa c ua g iao due dao diic , tutwdng c hinh tri va phap luat
Tr on g cong cuoc xay d iin g d a t nildc, giao due dao diic, t i i tii^ n g ch in h t r i va pha p l u a t c6 y n gh ia r a t qu a n tr on g doi vdi s ii n gh iep giao due - dao tao va do'i vdi toa n xa h oi. G iao due dao diic, t i i tiid n g ch in h t r i va pha p lu a t thU c cha t la qu a tr i n h giao due y th iic cong dan.;; t V,v.. , ' :
- G ia o due dao diic va pha p l u a t c6 va i tr o tao d iin g sU on d in h t r a t t i i l a u d a i ciia xa h oi. B a t k i mot xa h oi nao Cling can sU on d in h , no la tien de, la cd sd de xa h oi p h a t tr ien b en viin g. G iao due dao diic ch in h la bao da m cho sit on d in h l a u d a i ciia xa h oi. Xa h oi la siJ lien ket cua n h ieu ca n h a n . N eu ca n h a n nao ciin g c6 l i tiid n g, loi song p h ii hdp vdi xa h oi, b iet b on p h a n cua m i n h , c6 dao diic tot, diidc h i n h th a n h qu a cong tac giao due dao diic d tr on g va ngoa i n h a tr iid n g t h i k i ciidng phep nifdc se diidc du y t r i tot h d n , xa h oi se p h a t tr i e n em dem, tot dep h d n . Song song vdi no la giao due pha p lu a t, vi tr on g xa hoi con n giid i kh on g ch i p h a i song theo ch u a n miic dao diic ma p h a i song theo ch u a n mUc pha p lu a t. N h d giao due pha p lu a t ma xa h oi song c6 k i ciidng, nen nep, tao d ieu k ien cho xa h oi on d in h va p h a t tr ien .
- G iao due dao diic da m bao ti n h cha t va d in h h iid n g ciia nha tr iid n g xa hoi ch ii n gh ia . Tr on g nha trU dng xa hoi ch ii n gh ia d nifdc ta . la n h dao n h a tr iid n g , giao vien va n h iin g ngu di la m cong tac giao due kha c deu tr u yen th u , giao due
he t h o ' n g l a p t r i J d n g c h i n h t r i . q u a n d i e m , t h e g i 6 i q u a n cua
c h u n g h i a M a c - L e n i n ,zyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA txi t i l d n g H o C h i M i n h , d i i d n g l o i
c h i n h s a c h c u a D a n g v a N h azyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA nxidc v a cac p h a m c h a t dao dijfc x a h o i c h u n g h i a cho hoc s i n h ; g i a o due dao t a o hoc s i n h trO
t h a n h n g i f d i x a y d t f n g c h u n g h i a x a h o i v i f a c6 dvLc, v i f a c6 t a i , v\ia c6 siic k h o e ( n h i J n g con n g U d i v i i a h o n g vvfa c h u y e n ) .
- Do'i v 6 i sU p h a t t r i e n cua t h a n h t h i e u n i e n : G i a o due dao d i i c CO v i t r i h a n g d a u v a c h i i dao t r o n g g i a o due n h a t r U d n g ( t i e n hoe l i , h a u hoc v a n ) . G i a o due dao d i i e , txi t i i d n g c h i n h t r i v a p h a p l u a t t r o n g cac ehe do x a h o i d e u giu! v a i t r o d i n h h u 6 n g cho cae n o i d u n g g i a o due k h a c . N h a t r i i d n g t h o n g q u a thvtc h i e n c o n g tac g i a o due dao d i i c , tiX t i f d n g c h i n h t r i v a p h a p l u a t c6 t h e t h u c d a y q u a t r i n h h o a n t h a n h cae n h i e m v u g i a o due k h a c , d o n g t h d i t h u c d a y sU p h a t t r i e n l a n h m a n h ve t a r n s i n h l i c u a t h a n h t h i e u n i e n . T r U d c x u t h e h o i n h a p c i i a t h e g i 6 i h i e n d a i , g i a o due dao d i i e , txi tUcing c h i n h t r i t r o n g n h a t r i i d n g g i i i v a i t r o r a t q u a n t r o n g t r o n g d i n h h i f d n g cuoc s o n g v a \xia c h o n g i a t r i c u a t h e he t r e . Thxic t r a n g dao d i i c . l i t i i d n g , n i e m t i n . . . c u a t h a n h t h i e u n i e n h i e n n a y nhxi t h e n a o l a do c6 l a m t o t c o n g tac d i i c due h a y k h o n g .
G i a o due dao d i i e , g i a o due txi t i J d n g c h i n h t r i v a g i a o due p h a p l u a t CO m o i q u a n he c h a t che v 6 i n h a u , bo s u n g , ho t r d cho n h a u , k h i l a m t o t m a t n a y se l a d i e u k i e n t h u a n I d i de t h i f c h i e n t o t m a t k i a v a ngu^dc l a i . C h a n g h a n , ne'u g i a o due dao d i i c t o t se l a d i e u k i e n t h u a n I d i de g i a o due p h a p l u a t v a ne'u g i a o due p h a p l u a t t o t se g i u p g i a o due dao d i i c c6 h i e u q u a h d n . N h i J n g n g U d i c6 p h S m c h a t dao d i i c l o t t h U d n g l a nhuEng n g i i d i b i e t s o n g v a l a m v i e c t h e o h i e n p h a p v a p h a p l u a t ( s o n g t u a n t h u t h e o p h a p l u a t c i i a x a h o i h i e n h a n h ) v a
n g i i d c l a i n h i i n g n g U d i c6zyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA y t h i i c c h a p h a n h p h a p l u a t t h o n g t h J c i n g C l i n g l a ngifOi c6 h a n h v i dao d i i c p h u h o p . . .
2.1.3. Nhiem vu va noi dung cua cong tac giao due dao due, ti/
tirdng chinh tri va phap luat trong nha tra&ng
N h i e m v u cua g i a o due dao d i i c , txi t U d n g c h i n h t r i v a p h a p l u a t cho hoe s i n h t r o n g n h a t r i i d n g l a l a m cho cac e m c6 (jay d i i cac p h a m c h a t cd b a n cua dao diic x a h o i c h u n g h i a , c6 y thiJtc, t i n h c a m v a cac h a n h v i t h o i q u e n dao ditc t h e o n h i i n g chuaJn m i i c dao dufc x a h o i t r o n g m o i l i n h vxic c i i a d d i s o n g ca n h a n v a x a h o i , d o n g t h d i l a m cho cac e m t h a m n h u a n cac d i i d n g l o i q u a n d i e m c i i a D a n g , p h a p l u a t c i i a N h a nxidc.
N h i e m v u g i a o due d a o d i i c , t i i t i f d n g c h i n h t r i . p h a p l u a t t r o n g n h a t r i f d n g x a h o i c h u n g h i a c6 t h e k h a i q u a t n h u s a u :
- H i n h t h a n h cho hoc s i n h t h e g i d i q u a n k h o a hoc, t h e g i d i q u a n c i i a c h i i n g h i a d u y v a t b i e n c h i i n g , nim diioc n h i i n g quy l u a t cd b a n c i i a sU p h a t t r i e n x a h o i , eo y t h i i c thu'c h i e n t r a c h n h i e m . n g h i a v u c i i a n g i i d i c o n g d a n , t i i n g biidc t r a n g b i cho hoc s m h d i n h h i f d n g c h i n h t r i k i e n d i n h , r o r a n g , c6 n i e m t i n s a u sac vao c h i i n g h i a x a h o i . c h i i n g h i a c o n g s a n .
- G i i i p cho hoc s i n h h i e u v a nAm v i i n g n h u t n g v a n de cd b a n t r o n g d U d n g l o i c h i n h s a c h c i i a D a n g , p h a p l u a t c i i a N h a n i i 6 c , CO y t h i i c hoc t a p , l a m v i e c t u a n t h u t h e o h i e n p h a p v a p h a p l u a t .
- B o i d i i d n g cho hoc s m h n a n g \xic p h a n d o a n . d a n h g i a dao d i i c . h i n h t h a n h n i e m t i n dao d i i c , y e u c a u hoc s i n h p h a i t h a m n h u a n n g u y e n tac v a c h u a n m u c dao d i i c do x a h o i q u y d i n h , b i e t t i e p t h u c6 c h o n loc cac g i a t r i v a n h o a , dao d i i c cua n h a n l o a i . k e t hOp v d i dao d i i c t r u y e n t h o ' n g v a v a n h o a
cua d a n toe, , . J U M U • > . - . > > •
- D i n d a t hoc s i n h r e n l u y e nzyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA ci n h i J n g m o i t r i i d n g , h o a n c a n h k h a c n h a u t r o n g t h i i c t e , t h a m g i a vao cac h o a t d o n g
c h i n h t r i , x a h o i , d a u t r a n h cho'ng n h Q n g b i e u h i e n x a u . t i e u cUc, lac h a u c i i a k i e u dao dijfc, n h a n e a c h c u v . v . . . . de n h a m h i n h t h a n h cac h a n h v i , t h o i q u e n dao d i i c m d i , dao d i i c xa h o i c h u n g h i a .
C o n g tac g i a o due dao d i l c , t i f t i i d n g c h i n h t r i v a p h a p l u a t cho hoc s i n h , t r o n g n h a t r U d n g c a n l U u y thiJc h i e n n h i j f n g n h i e m v u - n o i d u n g c h u y e u s a u :
- G i a o d u e l i l u a n cd b a n c i i a c h u n g h i a M a c - L e n i n , t i i t U d n g H o C h i M i n h , d U d n g l o i , c h i n h s a c h c i i a D a n g v a N h a nxidc.
- G i a o due c h u n g h i a y e u nUdc e h a n c h i n h . - G i a o due l i t U d n g C S C N .
- G i a o due t i n h t h a n , y t h i i c t a p t h e , t i n h t i c h ciic x a h o i de n g a n n g i i a sU p h a t t r i e n t\i p h a t c i i a c h u n g h i a ca n h a n - v i k i .
- G i a o due t i n h t h a n , t h a i do l a o d o n g m d i X H C N . ' - G i a o due d a n c h u v a p h a p che X H C N .
- G i a o due y t h i i c c o n g d a n v a cac n o i d u n g dao dde m d i X H C N .
- G i a o due , r e n l u y e n h a n h v i , t h o i q u e n c6 v a n h o a . Cac n h i e m v u , n o i d u n g d i i c due t r o n g n h a t r U d n g l a do cac y e u c a u , d o i h o i k h a c h q u a n c i i a svf t i e n bo x a h o i , no p h a i p h u h o p v 6 i y e u cAu c i i a c o n g cuoe x a y d U n g v a p h a t t r i e n d a t n i f d c , n h S m t h U c h i e n y n g u y e n t o t dep v a cao ca c i i a D a n g v a N h a nifdc t a l a : D a n g i a u . nxidc m a n h , x a h o i c o n g b a n g , d a n c h i i v a v a n m i n h .
2.1.4. Cac con dwdng va phirang tien giao due dao dut, tiftu&ng chinh tri va phap luat cho hoc sinh
a, Khai quat ve con dudng va phaang tien giao due dao dCfc, tif tLfdng chinii tri va ptiap luat cho hoc sinh
D a o d i i c t o n t a i t r o n g m q i l i n h vUc h o a t d o n g c u a d d i s o n g con n g U d i . N o c6 t h e t o n t a i d d a n g y t h i i c x a h o i b a o g o m cac t r i t h i i c , k h a i n i e m , c h u a n m i i c , p h a m c h a t dao dCte, cac xue c a m , t i n h c a m v a cac d a n h g i a dao d i i c . V 6 i txl e a c h la m o t m a t h o a t d o n g x a h o i , dao d i i c bao g o m cac h a n h v i dao d i i c . D o l a n h i i n g h a n h d o n g do d o n g cd dao d i i c t h i i c d a y n h U l a m tii t h i e n , g i u p d d n g U d i k h a c . . . K e t q u a cu a h a n h v i dao d i i c dUdc d a n h g i a t h e o cac p h a m t r i i dao d i i c x a h o i nhxi t o t , x a u , t h i e n , ae v . v . . . D i i dao d i i c t o n t a i dxldi h i n h t h a i nao, n e u difdc ca n h a n y t h i i c d a y d i i v a eo d i n h h i i d n g d i i n g , b i e t t h e h i e n , v a n d u n g v a o cac q u a n he dao d i i c ( v d i x a h o i , v 6 i n g i i d i k h a c v a v d i b a n t h a n ) d e u c6 tac d o n g d e n sU h i n h t h a n h m a t dao d i i c c u a con n g U d i . G i a o due dao d i i c gSn l i e n v d i g i a o due txl t U d n g v a p h a p l u a t . T i f siJ t o n t a i c u a dao d i i c n h u v a y , viee g i a o due d a o d i i c , txi t i f d n g c h i n h t r i v a p h a p l u a t cho hoe s i n h c6 t h e dUde thUe h i e n b a n g h a i con d i i d n g cd b a n s a u : , .
- B o i d i f d n g , n a n g cao n h a n t h i i c dao d i i c , txi tutcing c h i n h t r i , p h a p l u a t l a m p h a t t r i e n y t h i i c c o n g d a n c! hoe s i n h t h o n g q u a d a y hoc, n h a t l a cac bo m o n c6 l i e n q u a n n h i f g i a o due c o n g d a n , v a n hoc, l i e h sxi...
- X a y d u n g n h i i n g h a n h v i , t h o i q u e n dao d i i c t h o n g q u a ' c h i i e d d i s o n g , cac h o a t d o n g v a g i a o l U u de t h U c h i e n cac
o i q u a n h e , t i c h l u y k i n h n g h i e m dao d i i c .
cnW. %i'ruizyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA ijs .'^vhzyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA o i j b • • i ^ r ) ; : ,•
Giao due daozyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA ddc, t\i tiXong va phap l u a t cho hoc s i n h bang h a i con difdng neu t r e n thifdng sii dung cac phifdng
tien chii yeu sau: cac t h a n h tvtu van hoa - nghe t h u a t , cac loai h i n h hoat dong va giao lUu ciia hoc s i n h , ren luyen t r o n g thiic t i e n ddi song de h i n h t h a n h va t i c h l u y t r i thiic, k i n h nghiem dao diic.
Cac con difdng va phiidng t i e n giao due dao diic, t\i tUdng c h i n h t r i va phap l u a t cho hoc s i n h k h i diidc s\i dung p h a i chii y k h a i thac n h u the nao de lam phat t r i e n n h u cau dao diic cua hoc s i n h . Co n h u cau dao diic hoc sinh se hufng t h u , tich cUc t i m hieu va the hien h a n h v i dao diic ci moi ndi, moi liic mot each t\i nguyen, t\i giac.
T r o n g giao due dao dilc can chu y viec k h a i sang ve dao diic va r e n l u y e n cac h a n h v i , t h o i quen dao diic, k h o n g nen d u n g cac bien phap "bao lUe" ngan cam, r a n de tho bao de huge t r e p h a i tii bo n h i i n g mong muon theo each h i e u ciia chung. Giao due dao dilc cho t r e p h a i hu6ng vao viec to chiie cac ho^t dong va to chiie ddi song de l a m thoa m a n n h u eau dao diic cua ehiing. Se het siie sai l a m k h i nha giao due (cha me, t h a y c6...) k h o n g biet sii d u n g cac eon diidng va phUdng t i e n de giao due dao diic cho con em t r o n g gia d i n h va nha trUdng. De h i e u ro hdn ve dieu nay x i n xem p h a n " N h i i n g sai l a m ve giao due dao diic cho t r e t r o n g gia d i n h " d cuo'i ehiJdng.
b. Cac con dudng cua giao due dao dire, tu tudng chinh tri va phap luat trong nha trudng
* Qua gidng day cac mon hoc
- He thong t r i thile dao dflc, t u tiidng c h i n h t r i , phap
l u a t duldc hoe s i n h tiep t h u thong qua viec hoc tap t a t ca cac mon hoc t r o n g nha truldng pho thong. V i d u , hoc s i n h se hoc t^p diidc eac net t i n h each tot dep cua cac n h a n vat t r o n g lich sii., v a n hoe, eac nha khoa hoc, cac t a m gUdng sang ve dile h i s i n h d i i n g cam t r o n g chien dau, lao dong, bao ve To quoe v.v... Dong t h d i cac em c6 t h a i do len an, phe phan nhiSng h a n h v i t i e u cUe, phan dien t r a i v6i dao dufe xa hoi trong lieh sii, t r o n g eac tac pham van hoe... j^,,,,,^,, - M o n giao due eong dan cung cap cho hoe s i n h n h i i n g t r i thiic ve cae ehuan mUe dao diic, eac pham t r u dao dile ed ban, cae quan diem, dUdng l o i , c h i n h saeh eiia Dang, phap l u a t cua N h a nU6c, l a m cho cae em c6 n h a n thiic d i i n g dan ve chiing. Cung v6i viee k h a i sang n h a n thiic dao dufe, hoc s i n h con n i m diidc phiJdng thiic h a n h v i dao diie va phap l u a t , nSm diide cac yeu cau i i n g x i i viia p h u hdp v6i cac quy d i n h dao diic xa hoi v i i a p h u hdp v6i cae ehuan miie eiia l u a t phap t r o n g eac t i n h huong khae n h a u cua ddi song ca n h a n .
Gid day giao due eong dan can chii y mot so'yeu cau sau:
+ K h a i thac von k i n h nghiem dao diic ma hoe s m h da biet va the nghiem t r o n g cuoc song d gia d i n h va xa hoi.
+ L i e n he, g i a i t h i e h , chiing m i n h t i n h d i i n g dan, cao dep ciia cac h i n h tUdng giau xiie cam, cua cac t a m gUdng dao diie, t i f do l a m cho hoc s i n h c6 an tiidng m a n h me, sau sSe va hudng vao cac h a n h v i dao diie ehan c h i n h va quyet t a m ren luyen, t u dUdng theo cae t a m giidng dao diic cao dep.
+ Doi v6i hoe s i n h , viec giang day dao diic khong ehi noi ve n h i i n g t a m gUdng dao diie cao dep ma con p h a i biet neu ra cae h a n h v i , t h a i do, t i n h cam, quan he va sii the hien dao
diic t i e u cue, t r a i hoae phan dao diic t r o n g van hoc, ddi song xa hoi de cac em danh gia, phe phan, phong t r a n h .
* To chiic cdc loai hinh hoat dgng vd sink hoat tap the de gido due dao diCc, tU tudng vd phdp luat eho hoc sinh
+ Tap diidt va ren luyen cac h a n h v i dao diic chu yeu thong qua cac hoat dong lao dong - san xuat, the due - the thao, van hoa - van nghe, hoc tap, t h a m q u a n . . . Qua cac hoat dgng nay, hoc sinh c6 dip the hien, the nghiem va thiic h a n h cac t r i thiic dao dilc da tiep t h u dUde vao thvfe te ddi song, t i c h l u y dufde k i n h nghiem dao dilc, h i n h t h a n h nen thoi quen dao diic ca n h a n .
+ To chiie cac sinh hoat tap the, giao lUu la n h i i n g phiidng t i e n diic due quan t r o n g de hoc sinh eo n h a n thiic dung dan ve cac chuan miic, gia t r i dao dvfc, ren luyen cac thoi quen dao diic can thie't va phat t r i e n cac pham chat dao dilc tot dep t r o n g moi t r i i d n g xa hoi.
+ To chiic cac hoat dgng c h i n h t r i xa hgi de nang cao tU tUdng c h i n h t r i va y thiic phap l u a t cho hoc s i n h . C h i n g han thong qua cac hoat dgng den dn dap nghia de giao due dao l i uo'ng nifdc nhd nguon, eho hoe sinh t h a m gia bao ve an toan giao t h o n g . . .