*Cách dùng: - Diễn tả một hành động vừa mới xảy ra - Hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ mà không rõ thời gian - Hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ và còn liên quan đến hiện tại còn tiếp diễn đến[r]
Trang 1-Ask Students to tell the structure of wish :
S + wish (es ) + S + V in the past ( to be -> were )
-Ask Ss to do exercises - Ss do on the board
-T : correct
2 Exercises:
I/Rewrite these sentences with “ I wish”
1 I do not have time to study
2 I can not answer the questions
3 We are not living in France
4 I can not play the guitar
5 I do not have a computer
6 It is cold
7 I live in a big city
8 Mary is not here
9 I can not go to the party
10 There are many people here
11 I have to work tomorrow
12 I am not lying on a beautiful sunny beach
13 I do not have anything to eat
14 It is a pity your friend is not at this party
15 I am sorry I am not able to go with you
II/Choose the best answer to complete the sentences
1-Malaysia is divided two regions ( to , into , in, on )
2-She often go to the to pray because her religion is Islam ( church , pagoda ,
5- Don’t forget to add sugar to the mixture.This……….is very important (add
,addition ,additional ,additionally)
Trang 26- They were welcomed by friendly………in Vietnam ( air , matter , impression , atmosphere )
7- HE doesn’t depend ……… his parents ( on , in , of , with )
8- If you have any trouble , ask …………help ( on , with , for , to )
9- This book is full ………… useful information ( on with , of , in )
10-We still keep in touch ….each other although we live away ……….each other ( on from , with , to )
11- He will go to China ………… the end ………….this week ( on , at , with , of )12- She went out ………saying a word ( in , of , without , with )
13- I wish Susan …………harder for her examination ( will work , worked , has worked , works )
14-What were you doing when he ………? ( comes , to come , came , coming )15- A good letter needs perfect ………… ( introduce , introduction , introducing ,
introductory )
16- It seems difficult for us ………….abroad at the moment ( go , to go , went , gone )17- There used…….a movie theater here , but it closed a long time ago ( to be, be, being, been )
III/Put the verb in bracket in the correct form
1- They used to ( go )……… swimming on Sundays
2- I wish they ( be ) ……… here tomorrow
3- IS Lan used to ( write )……… to MAryam ?
4- They ( not finish ) ……….their work yet
5- He wish he ( be ) ……….a doctor
6- I would rather you (do )……… the test well
7- It’s time we (catch)……… the bus
8-I wish they ( be )……… here next time
9- It’s time we ( go )………
IV/ Read the passage, then choose the best answer.
Singapore is an island city of about three million people It is a beautiful 1 with lots
of parks and open spaces It is also a very 2 city
Most of the people 3 in high rise flats in different parts of the island The business district is very modern with 4 of high new office buildings Singapore also has some nice older sections In China town, there 5 rows of old shop houses The government buildings in Singapore are very 6 and date from the colonial days
Singapore is famous 7 its shops and restaurants There are many good shopping
centers Most of the 8 are duty free Singapore’s restaurants 9 Chinese, Indian, Malay and European food, and the 10 are quite reasonable
1- a-district, b-town, c-city ,d-village 2- a-large ,b-dirty ,c-small ,d-clean3- a-live , b-lives , c-are living ,d-lived 4- a-lot ,b-lots ,c-many ,d-much
5- a-is ,b-will be ,c-were , d-are 6- a-beauty ,b-beautiful ,c-beautify ,d-beautifully7- a-in ,b-on ,c-at ,d- for 8- a-good ,b-goods ,c-goody ,d-goodness 9- a-sells ,b-selling ,c-sell ,d-to sell 10- a-priced ,b-price ,c-prices ,d-pricer -Ask Ss to do exercises 7/10 ,8/11 , 2/13 in work book
Trang 3I/ Objective: By the end of the lesson Ss will be able to :- understand and use the presentperfect tense well.
- Do more exercise about the present perfect tense
II/ Teaching aids: exercise book , Extra board
III/ Procedure:
A Theory
Thì hiện tại hoàn thành.
* form : (+) S + has / have + V- ed (pp) + O
(-) S + has /have + not + V- ed (pp) + O
(?) Has / have + S + V- ed (pp) + O ?-> Yes, S + have / has
No, S + haven’t / hasn’t
PP = Past Participle Quá khứ phân từ QTắc V-ed : BQT xem cột 3 (V3)
*Adv: Just, since, for, recently, yet, never, ever, already, before, so far, it’s the first/ second time…, up to now, up to the present, till now
*VÞ trÝ cña c¸c tõ:
Just, never, ever, already xong ngay sau have/ has
Yet, before xong cuối câu
*Notes: yet: chỉ dùng trong câu phủ định và câu hỏi
For + khoảng thời gian
Since + mốc thời gian ở quá khứ
Never: mang nghĩa phủ định
eg: I have just seen my sister in the park
*Note: (just,ever, never, already) đi sau have/has
She has finished her homework recently ( recently,lately,yet) đặt cuối câu.
*Cách dùng:
- Diễn tả một hành động vừa mới xảy ra
- Hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ mà không rõ thời gian
- Hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ và còn liên quan đến hiện tại còn tiếp diễn đến tương lai
- Hành động xảy ra lặp đi lặp lại nhiều lần
B EXERCISE:
I.Write the form of the verbs in the past simple tense and past participle form
k
22.made
II Supply "for" or "since" in the sentences
1 Tom's lived here 10 years
2 Have you waited for me _ yesterday?
3 The boy has played the game 3 pm
Trang 44 I haven't seen her _ a month.
5 They have kept in touch they left school
6 I haven't known about that a long time
7 Dad's worked this office 1990
8 Peter has married _ half a month
9 We have finished the test three hours
10.Children have learned English they were young
III Put the correct verb in The present perfect tense.
1 Bob (see) this movie before
2 Jorge (read) the newspaper already
3 Mr Johnson (work) in the same place for 35 years
4 We (not begin) _ to study for the test yet
5 We (not see) _ this movie yet
6 We never (take) a bus to school before.
7 John and I (be) pen pals for nearly 3 years
8 He (wear) _ the same coat since he (move) _ here
9 I (not see) _ your brother recently
10 I ( not / see ) him for two years
11 I ( not hear ) about that doctor yet
12 My teacher ( teach) English at this school for six years
13 Up to present , George ( do ) good work in this class
14 So far, you ( make ) mistakes on this exercise
15 I ( not see) him since last Monday
16 Mary ( be ) in the hospital for two months
17 I (not see) _ him since last Christmas.
18 They just (receive) _a package from their grandfather.
19 Miss Huong (teach) us English for 2 years.
20 she (feed) _her dog yet?
Key:
1 has seen 2 has read 3 has worked 4 haven’t begun 5 haven’t seen
6 have never taken 7 have been 8 has worn/ moved
9 haven’t seen 10 hasn’t seen 11 haven’t heard 12 has taught
17 haven’t seen 18 have just received 19 has taught 20 has she fed
BUỔI 1: CONSOLIDATION “THE TENSES”
* Objectives: By the end of the esson ss are able to use the present simple tense and the
present prgressive tense and do some exercises
Trang 5* Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Thì, là, ở
* Có 3 dạng : am, is , are.
* Cách chia động từ :
Chủ ngữ là I động từ Tobe chia là am , viết là I am = I’m
He, She, It, Danh từ số ít Tobe chia là is
You, We, They, danh từ số nhiều Tobe chia là are
* Cấu trúc:
Thể khẳng định: S + am / is / are + …
Thể phủ định : S + am not / isn’t / aren’t + …
Lưu ý : I am not = I’m not.
Thể khẳng định : I, We, You, They, danh từ số nhiều + V( inf)
He, She, It, danh từ số ít + V-s / es
Thể phủ định : I / We / You /They /danh từ số nhiều + don’t + V (inf)…
He / She / It / danh từ số ít + doesn’t + V(inf) …
Thể nghi vấn : Do + you / they / danh từ số nhiều + V(inf) …?
Yes, I/ we/ they do ; No, I / we / they don’t
Does + he/ she / it / danh từ số ít + V(inf) …?
Yes, he / she / it + does / No, he / she / it + doesn’t
Cách dùng:
a Diễn tả một thói quen ở hiện tại
VD: I come to class on time
She has lunch at home
b Diễn tả một sự thật bất biến, một chân lí luôn luôn đúng
VD: The Sun rises in the morning and sets in the evening
C, dấu hiệu: Các trạng từ chỉ thời gian thường dùng trong thì hiện tại đơn giản
- In the morning/ afternoon/ evening…
- Every day / morning/ afternoon / evening / week / month / year / Monday…summer … + Often, usually, frequently: thường
+ always , constantly: luôn luôn
+ sometimes, occosionally : thỉnh thoảng
+ seldom, rarely : ít khi, hiếm khi
*EX 1: Chia động từ trong ngoặc ở thì HTĐ
a My best friend ( speak ) English very well
b Mr Thanh ( teach ) Math in my school
c.We ( not study ) in the same class
d.Song’s sisters ( go ) to work by bus every day?
e.What you (do) after school ?
f Our teacher ( help ) us to do these exercises?\
g My brother and I ( visit ) our parents twice a month
Trang 6h She (live ) for work at half past seven
II/ Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn.
1/ Form: ( +) Thể khẳng định: S + am / is / are + V- ing ….
Lưu ý: động từ Tobe được chia theo chủ ngữ
( - ) Thể phủ định: S + am not / isn’t / aren’t + V-ing …
( ? ) Thể nghi vấn: Is / Are + S + V-ing ….?
Yes, S + am / is / are ; No, S + am not / isn’t / aren’t
2/ Usage:
a Diễn tả hành động đang xảy ra tại thời điểm nói
VD: I’m learning English now
Lan and Nam are watching TV at the moment
My mother is cooking dinner
b Diễn tả hành động sẽ xảy ra trong tương gần, đã có kế hoạch từ trước
VD: My grand mother is coming to see my family next week
c Nói về sự đang thay đổi
VD: The population of the world is rising very fast
3/ Dấu hiệu thì: Các trạng từ: now, at the moment, at present, at this time,look, listen ,
where is Ba ? He is having a bath
Những động từ liệt kê trong bảng ở dưới đây không được dùng ở thì hiện tại tiếp diễn mặc dù có thể trong một số trường hợp, vì thế ta dùng hiện tại đơn để thay thế
III Practice:
I/ Chia động từ trong ngoặc ở thì HTĐ hay HTTD ( copied papers )
1 Oranges ( be) rich in vitamin C
2 Tom ( not enjoy ) jogging in the early morning but his sister does
3 Where is your sister , Huong ?
- She ( clean ) the floor upstairs
4 It often ( get ) hot in your country
5 Look ! The birds (fly) in a very straight line
6 How often you ( visit ) your grandmother?
- Twice a week
7 The flight A33 to Ha Noi ( take off) at 12.15 tommorow afternoon
8 She usually ( wear ) Jeans, but now She ( wear) loose pants
9 My mother usually ( do ) the shopping,
10 The Red river ( flow ) to the pacific Ocean?
11, You ( be ) in class 9A ? No, I (not be )
12, At the moment , my sisters (play) volleyball and my brother ( play) coccer
13, Your father ( go) to work by bus ?
14 Look ! A man ( call ) you
15 They usually ( get) up at 6 in the morning
16 We ( go) to the supermarket ( buy) some food
17, Where you (live) ? I ( live) in Nghe An
have need appear seem taste own
Trang 718 What he ( do ) now ? He (water ) flowers in his garden
19 What she ( do) ? She ( be) a teacher
20 Where you ( be) from ? I ( be) from Viet Nam
21 How old ( be ) she ? She ( be) 16 years old
22 How ( be ) Minh ? He ( be ) ok
23 My children ( go) to school by bike
24 There ( be ) some animals in the circus
25 He ( watch) TV at 7.00 p.m every evening ?
26 Who you ( wait) for , Linh ? I ( wait) for Lam
27 In the autunm, I rarely( go) sailing
28, Every night She ( have) dinner at 7p.m
29 He (play) sports ?
30 An (like ) her job very much
31 When the school finishes They (go) home and ( have ) lunch
32 He ( visit ) HaLong bay once a year
33 What time students ( go) to school ?
34 My house ( be ) in the country and it ( not be ) big
35 Mr Quang ( not live) in the city
36 Nam ( be) in class 7 A?
38 She ( like) apples ?
39 Now Miss Hoa (draw) a picture
40 He can ( swim ) but he can’t ( sing)
II/ Choose A, B, C or D to complete the following sentences
1 I wish Susan harder for her examination
2 What were you doing when he _?
3 it seems difficult for us _ abroad at the moment
4 There used a movie theater here, but it closed a long time ago
5 I come from Vietnam so I am not used to _ on the left
6 Although we are far away from each other, we still _
A keep in touch B say hello C keep together D keep on
7 The children are playing in the schoolyard
8 I wish they here tomorrow
III / Use “used to” or “be used to”
Used to +V(inf) : Nói về việc đã từng làm trong quá khứ
Be/ get used to + V-ing: đang lam quen
1 They go to Dalat in summer
2 They playing soccer in the park
3 I getting up early
4 Tom do his homework in the evening
5 Lan writing to Maryam
Trang 86 He work at night
7 They watching TV
8 She driving on the right
9 My father come home late but now he doesn’t
10 She go swimming in the afternoon
* Homework: - learn by heart the structures and the use
- Redo the exercises
a Cách dùng: Miêu tả những sự kiện xảy ra với người và vật thường bị tác động bởi
người và vật khác Chúng ta dùng động từ ở câu bị động khi chúng ta quan tâm đến hànhđộng hơn, khi chúng ta không biết người hành động hoặc khi thấy không nhất thiết phải
đề cập đến người thực hiện hành động
b Cấu trúc chung:
BE + PAST PARTICIPLE
c Quy tắc chuyển đổi câu chủ động sang câu bị động:
- Tân ngữ trong câu chủ động làm chủ ngữ trong câu bị động
- BE được chia theo thể của động từ ở câu chủ động
- Chủ ngữ của câu chủ động làm tân ngữ của câu bị động và thêm giới từ by trước nó
Trang 9Ex: The plane landed 1 hour ago.
Nếu động từ trong câu chủ động có 2 túc từ, khi chuyển sang bị động, ta lấy bất kỳ túc từ nào xuống làm chủ từ cũng được
Ex: He gave me a present.
Vị trí của trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn, trạng từ chỉ thời gian và trạng từ chỉ thể cách trongcâu chủ động
Một số lưu ý:
* Vị trí của trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn, thời gian và thể cách trong câu bị động
S + { BE} + PP … + ( adv of place ) + (by + O) + (avd of time).
VD:Lan bought this hat in Ha Noi last month
Þ This hat was bought in Ha Noi by Lan last month
S + { BE } + ( adv of manner ) + PP + (by + O)
VD: Nam treats his dog badly
Þ Nam’s dog is badly treated
* By + them, people, everyone, someone, everything, me, you, him, her, us được lược
bỏ trong câu bị động
- Nếu chủ ngữ của câu chủ dộng là: No one Nobody : thì câu bị động ở thể phủ định
Adv of place: trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn
Adv of time: trạng từ chỉ thời gian
Adv of manner: trạng từ chỉ thể cách
Ex:
1) Tom visited Mary yesterday
2) Hoa put the book on the shelf
3) They did that work slowly
Bỏ BY + O trong câu bị động khi nó có thể được hiểu ngầm, khi mơ hồ hoặc không
quan trọng
Eg: People speak English in many countries in the world.
Không được tách hoặc bỏ các phần tử của động từ kÐp (look up, take off, …) khi chuyển sang câu bị động
Eg: Dung looked after my son yesterday.
Nếu câu chủ động có hình thức: S + V + O + bare_inf (động từ nguyên mẫu không TO) khi chuyển sang câu bị động, nguyên mẫu không TO phải chuyển thành nguyên
mẫu có to
Eg: My father made me do that work.
d Cấu trúc cụ thể của câu bị động ở các thì của động từ.Thể bị động với các thì thông dụng
Hiện tại đơnHiện tại tiếp diễnHiện tại hoàn thànhQúa khứ đơn
Qúa khứ tiếp diễnQúa khứ hoàn thànhTương lai đơn
Tương lai hoàn thành
S + am/is/are + PP + (by + O)
S + am/is/are + being + PP + (by + O)
S + has / have been + PP + (by + O)
S + was / were + PP + (by + O)
S + was / were + being + PP + (by + O)
S + had + been + PP + (by + O)
S + will / shall + be + PP + (by + O)
S + will / shall + have been + PP + (by + O)
* Thì hiện tại đơn giản:
Active: S + V(s, es) + O
Trang 10Exercise1: Change the following sentences into the passive voice
1 The council has postponed the meeting
Exercise 2: Rewrite these sentences
1 The police is questioning him
He
2 I will take care of the baby
The baby
3 Citizens ought to obey the country’s law
The country’s law
4 My parents made me do it
I
5 We have made great progress in our economy in the last few years
Great progress
Exercise 3: Change the following sentences into the passive voice
1 They can’t make tea with cold water
Trang 118 They may use this room for the classroom.
Passive: S + was / were + PII … + by + o
EX: Nam Cao wrote this book years ago
S V O
→ This book was written by Nam Cao years ago
II Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn:
Active: S + am/is/are + V-ing + O
Passive: S + am / is / are + being + PII …+( by + O)
Ex: My mother is planting some trees in the garden now
→ Some trees are being planted in the garden by my mother now
III Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn:
Active: : S + was/ were + V-ing +O
Passive : S + was / were + being + PII + ( by + O)
Ex: She was decorating the room at 8 a.m last Sunday
→ The room was being decorated at 8 a.m last Sunday
IV Thì tương lai gần :
Active: S + am / is / are + going to + V +O
Passive: S + am / is / are + going to be + PII …+ (by + O)
Ex: He is going to whitewash the walls
.→ Thewalls are going to be whitewashed
V Thì tương lai đơn giản:
Active: S + will + V + O
Passive: S + will + be + PII …
Ex: They will build a cinema here next year
.→ A cinema will be built here nex year
VI Thì hiện tại hoàn thành:
Active: S + have / has + V-PII + O
Trang 12Passive: S + have / has + been + PII….…(by + O)
Ex: We have used this car for five years
→ This car has been used for five years
VII Quá khứ hoàn thành
Active: S + had + V-PII + O
Passive: S + had been + PII….…(by + O)
Ex: She had typed the letter by 9 pm yesterday
.→ The letter had been typed by 9 pm yesterday
VIII Các động từ khuyết thiếu:
- S + should / may / might / can / could / must / ought to / would + be + PP …
- S + have to / has to + be + PII …(by + O)
Ex: We have to feed the p[igs every day
→ The pigs have to be fed every day
- S + Used to + be + PP …(by + O):
Ex: They used to call me “John”
→ I used to be called “John”
Các nội động từ (Động từ không yêu cầu 1 tân ngữ nào) không được dùng ở bị động
My leg hurts
Đặc biệt khi chủ ngữ chịu trách nhiệm chính của hành động cũng không được chuyển thành câu bị động
The USA takes charge: Nước Mỹ nhận lãnh trách nhiệm
Nếu là người hoặc vật trực tiếp gây ra hành động thì dùng by nhưng nếu là vật gián tiếp gây ra hành động thì dùng with.
The bird was shot with the gun
The bird was shot by the hunter
Trong một số trường hợp to be/to get + P2 hoàn toàn không mang nghĩa bị động mà
mang 2 nghĩa:
Chỉ trạng thái, tình huống mà chủ ngữ đang gặp phải
Could you please check my mailbox while I am gone
He got lost in the maze of the town yesterday
Chỉ việc chủ ngữ tự làm lấy
The little boy gets dressed very quickly
- Could I give you a hand with these tires
- No thanks, I will be done when I finish tightening these bolts
C Practice:
-T ask ss to do some exercises about the passive form
11 He has provided the victims with food and clothing
Trang 13-Learn by hard the structures
-Redo the exercises
Trang 14These exercises can be done by good students
* Người ta nói rằng …
S: thường là những từ như: PEOPLE, THEY, SOMEONE…
Ex: People say that he is a good doctor
=> It is said that he is a good doctor
=> He is said to be a good doctor
Ob
Giải thích:
1 Nếu Vb là hiện tại hoặc tương lai: TO + INF…
Ex: People believe that she does that work very carefully.
She is believed to do that work very carefully
2 Nếu Vb là quá khứ hoặc hoàn thành: TO + HAVE + PP…
Ex: They think that he stole that bicycle yesterday.
He is thought to have stolen that bicycle yesterday
6 They thought that Mary had gone away
It ………
Mary………
* nhớ bỏ
Trang 15Câu chủ động S have
To–inf O (thing)
â
Ex1: My parents are going to have my brother wash the clothes tomorrow
=> My brother is going to have the clothes washed my parents by tomorrow
Eg2: Did you get him to clean the floor yesterday?
Was he gotten the floor cleaned yesterday?
Eg3: I have him repair my bicyle yesterday
=> I had my bicyle repaired yesterday
Exercise2:
1 I had my shoes polished
I had the boy
I got the boy
2 Tom is getting the newspaper brought to her
Tom is having someone
3 He has got his shirt washed
He has had someone
4 I asked someone to draw the plan for the living room
I had the plan
5 No one cleans the kitchen for us everyday
We don’t get
6 I have him repair my bicylce yesterday
I ………
*Homework:
-Redo the exercises
-learn by heart the structures
Trang 16AT: Trớc giờ,tuổi
Ex: at 8 o’clock, at the age of four (lúc 4 tuổi)
-Ngoại lệ: at night (về đêm), at christmas (vào lễ giáng sinh), at/ on weekend (vào ngày cuối tuần), at bed time (vào giờ ngủ), at lunch time (vào bữa tra)
ON: Trớc ngày, thứ
Ex: on May 1st , on Monday, on christmas day (vào ngày giáng sinh)
IN: Trớc tháng, năm, mùa, thế kỷ
Ex: in January, in 1993, in spring, in the morning, in centuries……
From… to/ upto… : có thể dùng ở hiện tại, quá khứ hay tơng lai.(chỉ khoảng thời gian
từ lúc nào đến lúc nào)
Ex: he waited from 5.30 to 7.00
*Exercises:
I.Choose the correct preposition to complete each sentence.
1 We will go (in/ at/ on/ to) a picnic next week.
2 My village is about 100 kilometers (in/ at/ to/ for) the south of HCMC.
3 There is a shrine (on/ in/ at/ to) the top of the mountain near my uncle’s house.
4 We often go for a walk (in/ at/ on/ to) the weekends.
5 They will come here (in/ at/ on/ to) 11.30 a.m
6 She took many pictures to show the trip (of/ for/ to/ with) her parents.
7 There is a meeting (on/ between/ till/ at) 9 am and 2 pm
8 He was born (in/ of/ at/ on) 15 th , January
9 We have lived in Hanoi (in/ since/ for/ at) 4 years.
10 She has come here (in/ since/ for/ on) yesterday.
11 Ba and Tam usually go fishing the weekends (on, in, from)
12 The students will visit the capital the summer (on, in, at, of)
13 They heard a very strange noise midnight (on, in, at, out)
14.Our little brother took a long nap from 1p.m 4p.m (till, up, between, at)
15.The competitions will take place 8a.m and 12a.m (from, between, up to, to)
II.Supply the correct word form.
1 He is a famous stamp (collect).
2 He has a fine stamp (collect).
3 They (invitation) me to join their family to Hue last year.
4 It is an (interest) journey.
5 He is (interest) in playing soccer.
6 It was an (enjoy) day.
7 She sings very (beautiful).
8 The accident happens because of driving (care).
9 You should (relaxation) for an hour.
10 There is a (park) lot near my house.
III.Put the correct prepositions in brackets:
1.I haven’t seen Mai for a few days I last saw her …… Saturday.
2.I’ll phone you ………Sunday evening ………about 7 o’clock.
3.Tom went to bed………midnight and got up ……….5.30 the next morning.
4……… Sunday morning,we usually go for a walk………the park.
5.We usually gather………Henry’s home……… Christmas.
6.The door bell and the telephone rang……… the same time.
7.Ben has been invited to a wedding…………20 February.
Trang 178.Mr Thanh isn’t here ………… the moment.He’ll be back…… a few minutes.
9.I haven’t seen Liz…………Monday.
10.Can I meet you……… 8 a.m and 9 a.m.
Thursday,November 13 th 2014
BUỔI 6 : REPORTED SPEECH
A Aim: By the end of the lesson ss are able to know how to use the reported speech
B Procedure:
I REPORTED SPEECH (Lời nãi gi¸n tiÕp )
* Lêi nãi gi¸n tiÕp(Dicrect and Indirect Speeches)
1 Giới thiệu: Trong c©u trùc tiÕp th«ng tin ®i th¼ng tõ ngưêi thø nhÊt sang ngêi thø hai
(ngưêi thø nhÊt nãi trùc tiÕp víi ngêi thø hai) Lời nãi trực tiếp thường được thể hiện bởi:c¸c dấu ngoặc kÐp " " - tức là lời nói được đặt trong dấu ngoặc kÐp
VÝ d ụ : 1- He said, “I learn English”
2- "I love you," she said
Trong c©u gi¸n tiếp, th«ng tin đi từ người thứ nhất qua người thứ hai đến người thứ
ba Khi đã c©u có biến đổi về mặt ngữ ph¸p
He said he had bought a new motorbike for himself the day before
- Nếu động từ chÝnh ở hiện tại đơn, th× hiện tại hoàn thành, hoặc tương lai đơn th× trong lời nãi trÝch dẫn ta kh«ng đổi th× của động từ, chỉ đổi đại từ
Ex: 1 The farmer says, “I hope it will rain tomorrow”
= The farmer says that he hopes it will rain tomorrow
2 She has said, “I’m tired now.” = She has said (that) she had lost his umbrella
Notes: - Nếu động từ tường thuật là “say”, “tell + O” th× ta thường bỏ “that” trong c©u
gi¸n tiếp
- Nếu động từ tường thuật là “complain, explain, point out… ” ta phải giữ lại
“that”
2 Những thay đổi trong lời nãi TRực và Gi¸n tiếp:
2.1 Đổi th× cña c©u:
Th× của c¸c động từ trong lời nãi gi¸n tiếp thay đổi theo một nguyên tắc chung là lïi vềqu¸ khứ (c¸c th× xuống cấp):
Th× trong Lời nãi trực
tiếp
Th× trong Lời nãi gi¸n tiếp
- Hiện tại đơn
- Hiện tại tiếp diễn
- Hiện tại hoàn thành
- Qóa khứ đơn
- Qóa khứ tiếp diễn
- Qóa khứ hoàn thành
Trang 18- Hiện tại hoàn thành TD
- Tương lai trong qóa khứ
- Tương lai TD trong qóa khứ
- Was/were going to do
- Could/might/had to doH·y xem nh ữ ng vÝ d ụ sau ®©y:
a Thay đổi Đại từ
C¸c đại từ nh©n xưng và đại sở hữu khi chuyển từ lời nãi trực tiếp sang lời nãi gi¸n tiếpthay đổi như bảng sau:
Trang 19NĂNG TIẾP TIẾP
b C¸c thay đổi ở trạng từ kh«ng gian và thời gian:
Trang 20The day after tomorrow
The following week The previous week / the week before
The previous year / the year before
Vớ dụ:
Trực tiếp: "I saw the school-boy here in this room today."
Gián tiếp: She said that she had seen the school-boy there in that room that day.
Trực tiếp: "I will read these letters now."
Gián tiếp: She said that she would read those letters then.
Ngoài quy tắc chung trên dây, người học cần chớ rằng tình huống thật và thời gian khi hành động được thuật lại đúng vai trò rất quan trọng trong khi chuyển từ lời núi trực tiếp
sang lời nói gián tiếp
c Các trường hợp không đổi thời
– Sự thật, sự việc luôn đúng
“The earth moves round the sun” he said
–> He said that the earth moves round the sun
S+ told / asked B + not + to + V 1 + ……
She asks the boys not to play on the grass
B Practice:
I Change into reported speech: (Affirmative Imperatives: )
He said to me:” Let’s go to the zoo.”
Trang 21→ The mother
My sister said to me, “ Open the window.”
→ My sister
II Change into reported speech: Negative Imperatives:
1 He said to me:” Don’t make a noise.”
→
She said to the passer-by:” Don’t turn left at the two blocks ahead.”
→ She said to her classmate:” Don’t talk in class.”
The teacher said to his student:” Don’t touch that new board.”
BUỔI 7 : QUESTIONS IN REPORTED SPEECH
A Aims: By the end of the lesson ss are able to know how to use the reported speech in
the statements and the questions
B Procedure:
* Questions:
I Change into reported speech: Statements:
She said:” I can’t find my umbrella.”
Trang 2210 My teacher said to me “You should read these books.”
à My teacher told ……… …
11 Hoa said “I may visit my parents next summer.”
à Hoa said ………
12 Her father said to her “You can go to the movies with your friend.”
à Her father told ………
13 The coach told the players “You have to train harder for the next match.”
à The coach said……… ………
II Questions in indirect speech
= Nhi asked Nga if/ whether she knew My Son.
= Nhi asked Nga if/ whether My Son was far from Hanoi.
= He asked if/ whether she would be there the next day.
= She asked me if/ whether there was a post office near there
2 Wh_questions
1 He said, “Where is she going?”
2 He said, “Where does she live?”
3 “Who lives next door?”
2. S+ asked B + Wh- / How + S + V 2 + ……
= He asked where she was going.
= He asked where she lived.
= He asked who lived next door.
II.1 Practice:
II.2 Change into reported speech: (Wh- / How questions: )
1 “Where are you going?” Lan asked
à Lan
2 “How far is it from HCM to Vung Tau?” A tourist asked
à A tourist asked me
3 “How many people are there in your family?”
à She asked Ha
4 “How do you go to the airport?”
à His friend asked him
5 “Where do you learn English?”
à She asked Lan
6 “What aspect of learning English do the students find most difficult?”
à The teacher asked me
7 “What time do schools begin?”
à He asked
8 “How long will you stay in England?”
à Tam’s friend asked him
9 “What do you think about language learning?”
à Ba asked his sister
10 “Why is she crying?”
à Thu asked Hoa
II.3 Change into reported speech: (Yes / No questions: )
1 “Do you like sports?”
à Hoa asked Lan
Trang 232 “Does Hoa play soccer?”
à Lan asked Thu
3 “Will it rain tomorrow morning?”
à She asked her friend
4 “Are Tam and Hoa late for class?”
à Tuan asked Lan
5 “Do you need an umbrella to go out?”
II, Choose the best answer to complete the sentence:
1, I wish I (will visit/ could visit/ visit) President Ho’s Mausoleum in Ha Noi
someday
2, We love (to watch/ watching/ watch) cartoon on TV everynight
3, The oil spill has (pollute/ polluted/ pollution) the sea
4, She is a singer, she is very good( on/ at/ in) singing
5, The box is (so/ such/ too/ ) heavy that noone can lift it
Trang 246, At 9 last night, Mai (do/ is doing/ was doing) her homework.
7, Lan is interested (at/ in/ on) learning French
8, They have lived in Viet Nam (since/ ago/ for) 5 years
III Using the correct form of the word in brackets:
1, Mr.Nam is a teacher Now he (teach) at Le Loi school
2, Today is (beautiful) than yesterday
3, What a (beauty) girl!
4, Who is the (tall) in your class?
5, Doctor Jone’s (invent) is well known all over the
world
6, He seldom (do) his homework He is a lazy student
7, If I (be) you, I would take some rest before the game tommorow
8 I was very (bore) with the film last night………
IV Rewrite the following sentences:
1, “Is she a nurse?” Nga asked
-> Nga asked me
2, The girl was so beautiful that everyone admired her
-> It was such a………
3, In my family, no one is taller than my father
-> My father is the
4, They are going to build a new house next week
-> A new house is
5, Nga is too short to reach the shelves
-> Nga is not
6, They are very poor, they want to build a house
-> They wished
V Read the folowing passage and answer the questions:
In Western countries, electricity, gas, and water are not luxury but necessities.Company now realize that consumers want products that will not only work effectively, but also save money
For most North American households, lighting acounts for 10 percent to 15 percent
of the electricity bill However, this amount can reduced by replacing an ordinary watt light bulb with an energy saving bulb These bulbs use a quarter of the electricity of standard bulbs and last eight time longer Therefore cosumers can save about US7 to US21 per bulb.In Europe, there is a labeling scheme for refrigerators, freezers, washing machines and tuble dryers The lable tell the consumers how much energy efficiency eachmodel has, compared with other appliences in the same category
100-Ultimately, these inovations will save money as well as coserve the Earth’s recources
Questions:
1, What are Western cosumers interested in?
2, What can we do to spend less on lighting?
