Tài liệu Configuring FTP Services in Linux ppt

Lab 10.4.4: Configuring FTP Services in Linux Estimated Time: 25 minutes Objective In this lab, the student will configure a Linux Red Hat 7.2 computer with FTP services.. In this lab,

Lab 10.4.4: Configuring FTP Services in Linux

Estimated Time: 25 minutes

Objective

In this lab, the student will configure a Linux Red Hat 7.2 computer with FTP services The student will also create a FTP server

Equipment

The following equipment is required for this exercise:

• A computer system running Linux Red Hat 7.2 or newer

Scenario

The Marketing Director of the XYZ Company has requested an FTP site so employees in the Marketing and Sales Department will be able to access and download files when away from the office An FTP site must be created on the server for them to access

Procedures

In Linux Red Hat 7.2, the FTP services are not started by default In this lab, the student will first have to navigate to the configuration file to start the FTP services In the first step

of this lab, the student will configure the FTP configuration file In the second Step of this lab, the student will start the FTP services and build the content that will be on the FTP server The procedures for starting the FTP services will be done in much the same way that the Telnet services are started

Step 1: Configuring the FTP Server

1 Log-in with the root account FTP services can only be started with the root account Make sure to be at the CLI command prompt If in the GUI interface, open up a terminal emulator window

2 Once at the command prompt interface type:

cd/etc/xinetd.d

This will change the user to the proper directory where the Telnet configuration file is located

3 Next, type:

ls

This will display a list of all the configuration files in the xinetd.d directory

4 Locate the wu-ftpd configuration file Is the wu-ftpd file in this directory?

Y/N

If the wu-ftpd file is not found, install it now Ask the instructor or lab aid for help

5 At the command prompt, type:

vi wu-ftpd

This will allow use of the vi Editor to change the Telnet configuration file

6 Once the vi Editor window opens, press “i” on the keyboard to enter “insert” mode

Locate the “disable = yes” line in the configuration file as shown in the graphic:

7 Use the arrow keys on the keyboard to move the cursor to delete the word “yes” and replace it with “no” This will change the configuration file to allow FTP access to the server

8 To exit the vi Editor, hit the Esc first, then hit the “:” key, and then type “wq” This will

save the changes that have been made

Step 2: The xinetd Daemon

Before testing the FTP services, make sure that the FTP daemon is running The

daemon that runs the FTP services is called xinetd

1 From the command prompt type:

/etc/rc.d/init.d/xinetd stop

2 Next, start the xinetd daemon:

/etc/rc.d/init.d/xinetd start

3 Check the status of the xinetd daemon:

/etc/rc.d/init.d/xinetd status

In the space below, write down the status of the xinetd daemon:

Example of the xinetd daemon being stopped and started

Step 3: Testing the FTP Properties

1 To test if the FTP services are working properly from a terminal window, type:

ftp localhost

This command will use the system to access the FTP services on the system

2 The Linux system will attempt to make a FTP connection to the system through the local loopback address 127.0.0.1 It will run through the login procedure and prompt the user to enter a username and password

3 Login using a student account (do not use the root account to log on) When

prompted, type the student account name and password

4 If connected to the system, then you have successfully configured your Linux Red Hat Server for FTP access

Example of a successful FTP login

5 To see the current working directory, type:

pwd

6 To see the files in the current directory, type:

ls –a

7 To exit the FTP session, type:

bye Step 4: Connecting to Other FTP Systems (optional)

To complete this exercise, the user will need to work with another student on a system that is networked to the computer being used

1 From a terminal window, type:

ifconfig

Write down the IP address of eth0 Exchange IP addresses with a classmate

_

2 Create a temporary user for the FTP purposes:

adduser ftpclient

3 Give the new ftpclient a password:

passwd ftpclient

When prompted, make the password the same as the account name, for example, ftpclient

4 Create a file that can be viewed and transferred First, go into the newly created ftpclient home directory, and type:

cd/home/ftpclient

Next, type:

touch <hostname>

The name of the file that is created with the touch command will be the same as the computer’s host name As an example, if the hostname is systemA1 then the

command to create the file would be touch systemA1 Verify that this file exists with the ls command

5 FTP to the classmate’s computer With the IP address from step 1 above, type:

ftp IPaddress

Log-in using the ftpclient account and password

6 After you have logged in to the classmate’s computer, FTP their file by typing:

get <hostname>

This will bring their file to the computer being used Verify that the file has been received with the ls command, or view the file in a KDE window

Was the file received? Y/N

Troubleshooting

If having trouble connecting to the FTP site, check the IP address that is typed in the browser as well as the IP address that was specified in the FTP site properties page If the network’s IP addresses are assigned dynamically with a DHCP server, then the IP address might change from time to time It is a good idea to assign the FTP server a static IP address so that the IP address does not change Having the IP address

changing all the time could create a lot of administrative costs and trouble from users and customers who will be calling and saying they cannot access the FTP site anymore

If having difficulties with the Linux FTP client, try a windows computer A Windows

system can easily connect to a Linux FTP server by using a popular program called WS_FTP If familiar with WS_FTP, try to connect to the Linux system and download the file directly to the PC

Reflection

If setting up an FTP server in a business or corporate network, routers and firewalls will have to be configured to allow FTP access to the FTP server Remember that the IP address of the FTP server might not be a public IP address and therefore will not be directly connected to the network In this case, configure the router to forward incoming FTP requests to the proper computer on which the FTP server resides Keep in mind that the IP address of the Web or FTP must be statically assigned