Using EM Support Workbench 981Gathering Additional Diagnostic Information On the Problem Details screen, under the Investigate and Resolve section, you have various options.. As you saw
Trang 1Using EM Support Workbench 981
Gathering Additional Diagnostic Information
On the Problem Details screen, under the Investigate and Resolve section, you have various options On the Self Service tab, you have links available to gather more information about the problem If you prefer self-service, you can run more checks on the database, diagnose the current problem, or resolve the issue by running the SQL Repair Advisor (if the error is caused by a SQL Statement) The following are your options on the Self Service tab:
Assess Damage
Û N
Run Checkers: Run the database health check again to find more issues
Û N
Database Instance Health: Show the database health screen, which shows the
num-Û N
ber of incidents and problems by hour for the last 24 hours
Diagnose
Û N
Alert Log: Shows the alert log entries related to the incident
Û N
Related Problems Across Topology: Shows any other incidents that may be related
Û N
to the current problem
Diagnostic Dumps for Last Incident: Shows the dump and trace files associated
Û N
with the incident
Go to Metalink and Research: Metalink is Oracle’s support site, where you can
Û N
search and find solutions to the issue
Resolve:
Û N
SQL Repair Advisor: Since the problem is caused by a SQL statement, you can run
Û N
the SQL Repair Advisor to fix the SQL issue
You can use the tools under Diagnose to gather more information about the incident and problem If you have identified the SQL causing the problem and you find an issue with the SQL, you can resolve the problem by yourself You may also get an answer by searching Oracle’s support website, Metalink Contacting Metalink is discussed later in the chapter
After self-service, if you could not resolve the problem or could not find more tion about the problem of symptoms, you can contact Oracle Support EM Support Work-bench makes contacting Oracle Support easy without having to remember the URL or phone number and gathers all the information that would be of help to the support analyst
informa-Let’s go through the next steps of Support Workbench to contact Oracle Support for a lution to the example problem
reso-Creating a Service Request
If you cannot identify or resolve the issue yourself, the next logical step is to contact Oracle Support for help On the Problem Details page shown in Figure 17.13, click the Oracle Sup-port tab under the Investigate and Resolve section Figure 17.14 shows the Oracle Support tab
Trang 2F i g U r E 17.14 Contacting the Oracle Support section of Support Workbench
The Create a Service Request with Metalink link takes you to the Metalink login page, where you can log in and enter a service request The URL for Metalink is https://
metalink.oracle.com Once the service request (SR) is created, you can use the Edit button
on the Problem Details screen to update the SR number
After you create the SR, the next step is to send relevant trace and dump files to Oracle for analysis Support Workbench provides a packaging service to make this task easier for the DBA
Oracle Support Services (OSS) is a 24/7 operation providing support to all Oracle tomers throughout the world The primary method of contacting OSS is using the web page
cus-at https://metalink.oracle.com You have to register for an account first and provide information such as the customer service identifier (CSI) number, your contact information,
Forum to discuss various issues
Û N
Opening an SR
Û N
Patches and updates
Û N
Product certification
Û N
Bug information
Û N
Knowledge Base articles
Û N
User documentation
Û N
Electronic technical reference documents
Û N
The Metalink forums enable you to interact with other customers to share ideas and provide solutions You can download patches and patch documentation
Trang 3Using EM Support Workbench 983
See Metalink note 166650.1, “Global Customer Support Working Effectively with Support,” for more information on using the Oracle Support Services.
Packaging Diagnostic Data
You can invoke packaging in two ways On the Support Workbench page, you can select the problem and click the Package button This gives you the option to create a quick pack-
age or a custom package A quick package gathers information for a single problem with all the default options With a custom package, you have the option to edit the package
contents, remove any sensitive data, and add more traces and test cases Another option to invoke packages is from the Problem Details screen, where you can invoke quick packaging for the problem You can also optionally upload the packaged information to Oracle under the service request number Figure 17.15 shows the Quick Packaging screen
F i g U r E 17.15 Quick Packaging screen
On this screen, you have the option to upload the created package to Oracle Support If you want Support Workbench to upload the information, provide your Metalink username and password along with the CSI number If you have not created an SR yet, you have the option to create a new SR from this screen Enter the SR number for uploading diagnostic information for an existing SR
Trang 4If you choose custom packaging, the screen will look like Figure 17.16 Here Oracle will show you all the incidents to report and the files that are being packaged You can exclude the files you do not want to send Also, you have the option to add more incidents to the same package.
F i g U r E 17.16 Customize Package screen
In the Packaging Tasks section, you have the option to add more problems or exclude problems You can also edit the files you sent to Oracle Once you have added all the neces-sary files, click the Finish Contents Preparation link You will see a confirmation screen with all the files you choose to include in the packaging and an option to generate the upload file
After the file is generated, the Send to Oracle button will be enabled, and you can use it to send the information to Oracle
Configuring Incident Packaging
You can customize the package-retention and -configuration rules by using the Incident Packaging Configuration link in the Related Links section of the Support Workbench screen Figure 17.17 shows the default retention and packaging settings
Trang 5Using EM Support Workbench 985
F i g U r E 17.17 Incident packaging configuration
Click the Edit button to change the defaults You can change the following values:
Incident Metadata Retention Period Information such as the incident ID, time, and
prob-lem are known as the metadata The default is to keep this information for 365 days.
Incident Files Retention Period Specify how long you want to keep the files (data) related
to an incident; the default is 30 days
Cutoff Age for Incident Inclusion Include the incidents that are not older than the value
specified here in days
Leading Incidents Count and Trailing Incidents Count If a problem has several incidents,
the packaging by default includes only three incidents from the time it started occurring and three incidents from the latest occurrence
Correlation Time Proximity Specify the interval in minutes that should be treated as
“happened at the same time” for related incidents The default is 90 minutes
Time Window for Package Content This is the time in minutes to include incidents in the
package; the default is 24 minutes
Tracking and Closing the Incident
You can track the progress of the incident by adding comments to the activity log The ity log is available on the Problem Details screen as well as on the packaging screens The
Trang 6activ-so far This tab enables you to add your own comments while investigating the problem
Figure 17.18 shows the Activity Log tab
F i g U r E 17.18 Problem activity log
You can add an entry using the Add Comment button If the problem is related to an Oracle bug, you can add the bug number on the Problem Details screen by clicking the Edit button (shown earlier in Figure 17.13)
As you saw on the Self Service tab of the Problem Details screen, the Oracle advisors that can help you repair critical errors are the SQL Repair Advisor and the Data Recovery Advisor
When you have a resolution for the issue, you can close the incident by clicking the Close button on the Support Workbench screen or by clicking the Close the Problem link on the Problem Details screen
By default closed incidents are not shown on the Problem Details screen
All incidents (open and closed) are purged after 30 days You can disable the incident purging on the Incident Details page You can get to the Inci- dent Details page by clicking the incident ID on the Problem Details screen (shown earlier in Figure 17.13) Click the Disable Purging button to disable the purging of the incident.
In the next section, you will learn how Enterprise Manager can help DBAs manage patches
Using EM to Manage Patches
As a DBA, you have several reasons to download and apply patches In Oracle 11g, Oracle
has made the patch research and application easier by integrating OSS with Enterprise Manager Oracle Corporation releases the following types of patches for its database product:
Patch release A patch release is a major patch that changes the version number of the
database Oracle release numbers have the format 11.1.0.6.0, where 11 is the major release
Trang 7Using EM to Manage Patches 987
number, 1 is the maintenance release number, 0 is the application-server release number,
6 is the component-specific release number, and 0 is the platform-specific release number
When a patch release is applied, the component-specific release number will change Patch releases go through rigorous regression testing Patch releases are cumulative, which means the latest patch release will include most interim patches and critical patch updates, as well
as lower patch releases
Interim patches Interim patches are one-off patches to fix a specific issue on a platform
The Oracle release numbers do not change when applying interim patches Interim patches
do not go through regression testing
Critical patch updates Critical patch updates (CPUs) include security patches and other
patches that depend on the security patches CPUs are cumulative, which means ous CPUs are included CPUs go through regression testing, and they do not advance the release numbers
previ-Patch releases are installed using the Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) You can install interim patches and CPUs using the OPatch utility You can use opatch lsinventory to review all the patches applied to an Oracle Home installation:
$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lsinventoryInvoking OPatch 11.1.0.6.0
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 11.1.0.6.0Copyright (c) 2007, Oracle Corporation All rights reserved
Oracle Home : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/db_1Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory
from : /etc/oraInst.locOPatch version : 11.1.0.6.0OUI version : 11.1.0.6.0OUI location : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/db_1/ouiLog file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/db_1/ cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2008-11-16_23-08-22PM.log
Lsinventory Output file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/ lsinv/lsinventory2008-11-16_23-08-22PM.txt
Installed Top-level Products (1):
-Oracle Database 11g 11.1.0.6.0There are 1 products installed in this Oracle Home
Trang 8Interim patches (1) :Patch 6529615 : applied on Sun Nov 16 23:08:05 CST 2008 Created on 7 Nov 2008, 04:01:26 hrs US/Pacific
Bugs fixed:
6529615 -OPatch succeeded
$
To apply a patch using OPatch, first read the README.txt file accompanying each patch for instructions Most of the patches are installed by using the opatch apply statement, from the patch staging directory Enterprise Manager can be used to review, download, and apply patches The patch-management links are in the Database Software Patching section
on the Software and Support tab of Database Control, as shown in Figure 17.19
F i g U r E 17.19 Database Software Patching links on EM
I will discuss each link in the following sections
Using the Patch Advisor
The Patch Advisor shows the critical patch updates and the recommended patches for the release of the database on your server Before you can use the Patch Advisor, you must set
up Metalink login credentials and perform Metalink integration with EM You can do this
in two steps:
1. Enter the Metalink username and password Click the Setup link on the top-right corner of EM Database Control Click Patching Setup on the left menu, as shown in Figure 17.20
2. Run the Refresh from Metalink job Under the Related Links section on the Database Control home page, click the Jobs link to invoke the Job Activity screen Under the Create drop-down list, choose Refresh from Metalink, and click Go, as shown in Figure 17.21
Click the Patch Advisor link on the screen shown in Figure 17.19 The Patch sor screen shows critical security patches that need to be applied to ORACLE_HOME and
Trang 9Advi-Using EM to Manage Patches 989
recommended patches, as shown in Figure 17.22 Oracle can show the recommended patches based on the features used in the database Select All from the drop-down box to show all the recommended patches
F i g U r E 17 2 0 Software patching setup in EM
F i g U r E 17 21 Refresh from Metalink job setup in EM
Trang 10F i g U r E 17 2 2 Patch Advisor screen on EM
You can also invoke the patching setup screen by clicking the Patching Setup link in the Related Links section
Viewing the Patch Cache
The patch cache is the location on the server where all your patches are downloaded and kept One advantage of having the patch cache is that you can apply the patch to multiple Oracle Homes from one download Figure 17.23 shows the Patch Cache screen
F i g U r E 17 2 3 Patch Cache screen in EM
You can click the View ReadMe button to read the patch application details, and you can click the Patch button to apply the patch
Trang 11Using EM to Manage Patches 991
Finding the Patch Prerequisites
Click the Patch Prerequisite Check link to get the screen to evaluate the standard prerequisite checks on Oracle Home and Server with deployment-specific checks Figure 17.24 shows the Patch prerequisite checker screen
F i g U r E 17 2 4 Patch Prerequisite Checker screen in EM
On the next screen, specify the targets or destination of the patch You can choose the Oracle Instance name or the Oracle home location On the Set Credentials screen, specify the host operating-system username and password On the Stage or Apply screen, you can choose to download the patch or to apply the patch after downloading On the Schedule screen, specify whether you want the patch to be downloaded immediately or at a later time
Figure 17.26 shows the Summary screen Review the patch sizes, where the patches will be applied, and so on, and click the Finish button to download the patch
Trang 12F i g U r E 17 2 5 Staging patch screen in EM
F i g U r E 17 2 6 Patch: Summary screen in EM
Staged patches are stored under the $ORACLE_HOME/EMStagedPatches directory in this example
Trang 13Using EM to Manage Patches 993
Applying a Patch
When you click the Apply Patch link on the Software and Support page, you invoke the Patch Wizard Figure 17.27 shows the first screen, where the wizard prompts you to select the patches
F i g U r E 17 2 7 Apply Patch Wizard in EM
Click the Add Patches button to select the patches to apply The Add Patches button brings you to the page shown in Figure 17.28, where you can search for patches and select the patch
The Target List step is skipped for non-RAC instances; the Library Step Properties step
is also skipped most of the time, unless you have customized the deployment procedures
The Credentials and Schedule screen prompts you to enter the Oracle software-owner name and password For the schedule, you can specify one time (immediately), one time (later), or repeating
Trang 14user-F i g U r E 17 2 8 Searching for and selecting patches in EM
Figure 17.29 shows the review screen The patch will be downloaded and applied when you click the Finish button
F i g U r E 17 2 9 Apply patch Summary screen in EM
As you can see from the previous screens and options, EM Database Control helps DBAs
be proactive about the critical and recommended patches they need
Trang 15Exam Essentials 995
Summary
In this chapter, I discussed how to move data using Oracle Data Pump, using SQL*Loader, and using external tables You also learned how to use Enterprise Manger to diagnose and contact Oracle Support as well as manage patches
Data Pump is a very high-speed infrastructure for data and metadata movement The client utilities expdp and impdp are used to unload and load data and metadata The Data Pump architecture includes the data and metadata movement engine DBMS_DATAPUMP, the Direct Path API that supports a stream interface, the metadata API DBMS_METADATA, the external tables API, and the client utilities
Data Pump export and import are performed on the server You can attach to a job from any computer and monitor its progress or make resource adjustments In the interactive mode, you can add a file to export a dump-file set, kill a job, stop a job, change the paral-lelism, and enable detailed status logging
SQL*Loader is used to load ASCII files to the Oracle database You can invoke Data Pump and SQL*Loader using EM Database Control
You can also use external tables to move data You can use the ORACLE_DATAPUMP access driver to write data into an external table, and you can use the ORACLE_LOADER access driver
to read flat files into Oracle Database
EM Database Control infrastructure enhancements include Support Workbench and patch management Using Support Workbench, you can identify, investigate, diagnose, and resolve incidents The Patch Advisor provides the patches that are needed on the database and can be used to stage and apply patches
Exam Essentials
Know how to create database directory objects Directory objects are required for use in
the Data Pump export and Data Pump import programs
Know that directory objects are not owned by individual schema Directory objects are
not schema objects Instead, they are owned by the database like roles or profiles
Be aware of the Data Pump export and import modes Data Pump export has database,
schema, table, and tablespace modes, and Data Pump import has full, schema, table, and tablespace modes Although these modes sound similar, they differ between the two tools
Be familiar with the Data Pump options that let you transfer both data and metadata from one schema to another The content= parameter controls whether data, metadata, or both are copied The remap_schema parameter allows you to transfer data from one schema
to another
Trang 16Be aware of the limitations of SQL*Loader direct-path mode, including unusable indexes
SQL*Loader direct-path mode has several limitations, the most prominent being that it locks the table in exclusive mode for the duration of the load Unique indexes are marked unusable if unique violations are found after a direct path load These unique violations must be resolved before the index can be rebuilt
Know the external table access drivers ORACLE_DATAPUMP and ORACLE_LOADER are the access drivers used with external tables The ORACLE_DATAPUMP access driver can be used to read and write to an external table The ORACLE_LOADER access driver is read-only
Understand Support Workbench’s capabilities Support Workbench can identify, diagnose,
and package an incident to contact Oracle Support Services for help
Be familiar with the Patch Advisor and patch staging screens EM Database Control
makes patch management easy You can get information about the patches relevant to the database, you can stage patches, and you can apply patches
Trang 172 These options list the benefits of Oracle Data Pump; pick two that are not true.
A Data Pump supports fine-grained object selection using the EXCLUDE, INCLUDE, and
CONTENT options
B Data Pump has the ability to specify the target version of the database so that the
objects exported are compatible This is useful in moving data from Oracle 10g to Oracle9i.
C Data Pump has the ability to specify the maximum number of threads to unload data.
D The DBA can choose to perform the export using direct path or external tables.
E The Data Pump job can be monitored from another computer on the network.
3 The Data Pump job maintains a master control table with information about Data Pump
Choose the right statement
A The master table is the heart of Data Pump operation and is maintained in the SYS
schema
B The master table contains one row for the operation that keeps track of the object
being worked so that the job can be restarted in the event of failure
C During the export, the master table is written to the dump file set at the beginning of
export operation
D The Data Pump job runs in the schema of the job creator with that user’s rights and
privileges
E All of the above.
4 When using the expdp and impdp clients, the parameters LOGFILE, DUMPFILE, and SQLFILE
need a directory object where the files will be written to or read from Choose the supported method for non-privileged users
non-A Specify the DIRECTORY parameter.
B Specify the filename parameters with directory:file_name.
C Use the initialization parameter DATA_PUMP_DIR.
D None of the above (all are supported).
Trang 185 Which command-line parameter of expdp and impdp clients connects you to an existing job?
A CONNECT_CLIENT
B CONTINUE_CLIENT
C APPEND
D ATTACH
6 Which option unloads the data and metadata of the SCOTT user, except the tables that begin
with TEMP? The dump file also should have the DDL to create the user
A CONTENT=BOTH TABLES=(not like ‘TEMP%’) SCHEMAS=SCOTT
B SCHEMAS=SCOTT EXCLUDE=TABLE:”LIKE ‘TEMP%’”
C INCLUDE=METADATA EXCLUDE=TABLES:”NOT LIKE ‘TEMP%’” SCHEMAS=SCOTT
D TABLES=”NOT LIKE ‘TEMP%’” SCHEMAS=SCOTT
7 Which parameter is not a valid one for using the impdp client?
8 When do you use the FLASHBACK_TIME parameter in the impdp utility?
A To load data from the dump file that was modified after a certain time
B To discard data from the dump file that was modified after a certain time.
C When the NETWORK_LINK parameter is used.
D FLASHBACK_TIME is valid only with expdp, not with impdp.
9 To perform a Data Pump import from a live database, which parameter needs to be set?
A db_link
B network_link
C dumpfile
D directory
10 Choose two statements about EM Support Workbench that are true.
A It can identify problems, contact Oracle Support, and resolve problems automatically.
B It helps collect diagnostic data and package it to send to Oracle Support.
C Multiple incidents of similar nature are combined as a problem.
D It is primarily used to track service requests created with Oracle Support.
Trang 19D None of the above
12 When is it most appropriate to use external table?
A When you need to read binary files (PDF and photos) into Oracle Database
B To query a large file without loading the data into the database
C When the expdp and impdp utilities are not licensed for use
D To load a large file into the database quickly
13 Which constraint is not enforced during the direct path load using SQL*Loader?
A Primary key.
B Unique key.
C Not null.
D Check
E All the constraints are enforced.
F No constraints are enforced.
14 Which utility can be used to identify the patches applied to your Oracle Database home
location?
A ADRCI
B OPatch
C Oracle Universal Installer (OUI)
D All of the above
15 Choose the correct statement about Oracle Support Services.
A Support can be contacted using the metalink.oracle.com web page.
B Anyone can register and search Oracle Support’s Knowledge Base.
C There is no published phone number to contact OSS.
D Support analysts are available only during U.S Pacific time zone work hours.
16 When using EM Database Control to load data into Oracle Database from a flat file, you
should do which of the following?
A Cut and paste the file content into the data text box.
B Always build your own control file and specify it for the data load.
C Keep the log file, bad file, and data file in the same directory.
D Load the data file from the server or on your client machine.
Trang 2017 Choose the statement that is not true from the following about direct path load.
A Direct path load cannot occur if active transactions against the table are being loaded.
B Triggers do not fire during direct path loads.
C During direct path loads, foreign key constraints are disabled at the beginning of the
load and then reenabled after the load
D Only primary key, unique, and NOT NULL constraints are enforced.
E Direct path load allows other users to perform DML operations on the table while the
direct load operation is in progress
18 Which two advisors can help you repair critical errors?
A SQL Tuning Advisor
B SQL Repair Advisor
C SQL Syntax Advisor
D Data Recovery Advisor
19 When using EM Support Workbench, how is a problem closed?
A When the error is no longer appearing
B When Oracle Support Services closes the SR in Metalink
C When the DBA manually closes the incident
D All of the above
20 To register for Oracle Support Services Metalink access, you must do which of the following?
(Choose all that apply.)
A Have a valid driver’s license
B Be an Oracle customer with a valid CSI number
C Get approval from the CSI administrator
D Be a member of the IOUG or OAUG user group
Trang 21Answers to Review Questions 1001
Answers to Review Questions
1 B, C The DBMS_METADATA package provides the database object definitions to the export
worker process in the proper order of their creation The DBMS_DATAPUMP package has the API for high-speed export and import for bulk data and metadata loading and unloading
2 B, D Oracle Data Pump is known to versions 10g and newer; Oracle9i does not support
Data Pump Though Data Pump can perform data access using the direct-path or table method, Data Pump makes the decision automatically; the DBA cannot specify the data-access method Data Pump also supports network mode to import directly from the source database and can estimate the space requirements for the dump file
external-3 D The master table is the heart of the Data Pump operation and is maintained in the
schema of the job creator It bears the name of the job, contains one row for each object and each operation, and keeps status Using this information helps restart a failed job or suspend and resume a job The master table is written to the dump file as the last step of the export and is loaded to the schema of the user as the first step of the import
4 C If a directory object is created with name DATA_PUMP_DIR, the privileged users can use
this location as the default location for Data Pump files Privileged users are users with EXP_FULL_DATABASE or IMP_FULL_DATABASE roles Using %U in the filename generates mul-tiple files for parallel unloads with each parallel process writing to one file
5 D The ATTACH parameter lets you attach or connect to an existing Data Pump job and
places you in interactive mode ATTACH without any parameters attaches to the currently running job, if there is only one job from the user Otherwise, you must specify the job name when using the ATTACH parameter
6 B If the CONTENT parameter is not specified, both data and metadata will be unloaded The
valid values for CONTENT are METADATA_ONLY, DATA_ONLY, and ALL If Scott is performing the export, SCHEMAS=SCOTT is optional
7 A REMAP_DATAFILE changes the name of the source data file to the target data filename in
all DDL statements where the source data file is referenced REMAP_SCHEMA loads all objects from the source schema into the destination schema When using REMAP_TABLESPACE, all objects selected for import with persistent data in the source tablespace are remapped to be created in the destination tablespace REMAP_TABLE changes the name of the table Since the dump file is in XML format, Data Pump can make these transformations easily REMAP_INDEX
is an invalid parameter
8 C You can specify the FLASHBACK_TIME or FLASHBACK_SCN parameter only when
perform-ing a network import where the source is a database
9 B The network_link parameter specifies a database link to the source database.
10 B, C Oracle Support Workbench can help DBAs diagnose the problem, collect more
informa-tion and related traces, and dump files into a package to send to Oracle Support for analysis
Trang 2211 A Interim patches are also known as one-off patches, created for a specific problem CPU
and patch releases undergo rigorous testing
12 B External tables can be used to read ASCII flat files without loading into the database
The external table must be created with the ORACLE_LOADER access driver
13 D Primary key, unique key, and not null constraints are enforced during direct path load
Check and foreign key constraints are not enforced
14 B OPatch is used to apply the CPU and interim patches The lsinventory option of the
$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch command is used to query patches
15 A OSS can be contacted via phone or the Web The Web is the preferred method of contact
16 D The data file, log file, and bad file can be on the database server or on the client machine
When using a database server, you must specify the file location using directory objects
17 E While the direct path load is in progress, users cannot run any DML statements against
the table Only queries are allowed
18 B, D The SQL Repair Advisor can be invoked to diagnose issues arising out of SQL
state-ments The Data Recovery Advisor can be used to recover from block corruptions and ing data files
miss-19 C Problems are closed manually by the DBA If the retention periods are not changed,
incident data will be purged from the Automatic Diagnostic Repository after 30 days, and Metadata will be kept for 1 year
20 B, C You must have a valid customer support identifier to register and use the OSS web page.
Trang 23Appendix About the
Trang 24The following sections are arranged by category and summarize the software and other goodies you’ll find on the CD If you need help with installing the items provided on the
CD, refer to the installation instructions in the “Using the CD” section of this appendix
Some programs on the CD might fall into one of these categories:
Shareware programs are fully functional, free, trial versions of copyrighted programs
If you like particular programs, register with their authors for a nominal fee and receive licenses, enhanced versions, and technical support
Freeware programs are free, copyrighted games, applications, and utilities You can
copy them to as many computers as you like—for free—but they offer no technical support
GNU software is governed by its own license, which is included inside the folder of
the GNU software There are no restrictions on distribution of GNU software See the GNU license at the root of the CD for more details
Trial, demo, or evaluation versions of software are usually limited either by time or by
functionality (such as not letting you save a project after you create it)
Sybex Test Engine
Trang 25Electronic Flashcards
For PC, Pocket PC, and Palm
These handy electronic flashcards are just what they sound like One side contains a question or fill-in-the-blank question, and the other side shows the answer
System Requirements
Make sure your computer meets the minimum system requirements shown in the following list If your computer doesn’t match up to most of these requirements, you may have prob-lems using the software and files on the companion CD For the latest and greatest infor-mation, please refer to the ReadMe file located at the root of the CD-ROM
A PC running Microsoft Windows 98, Windows 2000, Windows NT4 (with SP4 or
N N
later), Windows Me, Windows XP, or Windows Vista
An Internet connection
N N
A CD-ROM drive
N N
Using the CD
To install the items from the CD to your hard drive, follow these steps:
1. Insert the CD into your computer’s CD-ROM drive The license agreement appears
2. Read the license agreement, and then click the Accept button if you want to use the CD
The CD interface appears The interface allows you to access the content with just one
or two clicks