So vì thế, vì vậy:dùng trong mệnh đề chỉ kết quả , đứng giữa câu.. đầu câu * có thể đứng giữa câu, trước và sau đều có dấu phẩy.. Relative pronoun: Đại từ quan hệ : - WHO: Dùng thay t
Trang 1ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HỌC KỲ II TIẾNG ANH 9
A LÝ THUYẾT
I Trạng từ thể cách : đứng sau động từ thường hoặc tính từ Ex: She sings beautifully.
- Cách thành lập trạng từ : Adj + ly → adverb Ex: slow + ly → slowly
Tính từ có “y” đổi y thành “i” sau đó mới thêm ly Ex: noisy → noisily
+ Chú ý : Một số trạng từ đặc biệt như good => well
một số từ không đổi ở cả hình thức tính từ và trạng từ như fast, fair, early, late, fast, hard.
II Adjective + that clause : S + BE + ADJ + THAT + S +V
Ex : I am happy that you had a new car.
Note: Mệnh đề “ that clause” được dùng với một số tính từ như :
“Afraid,glad,sorry, sure,eager,anxious,happy,pleased,annoyed, proud, delighted, disappointed,…”
III Từ Nối – Liên Từ
1 And (và): dùng để nối hai từ hoặc hai mệnh đề có cùng loại (V/A/N/ ) Ex: Lan likes cats and dogs.
2 But (nhưng) : Ex: They have a lot of money, but they’re not very happy.
3 So (vì thế, vì vậy):dùng trong mệnh đề chỉ kết quả , đứng giữa câu Ex: He’s ill so he stays at home.
4 Therefore (vì thế) : kết quả Sau dấu chấm phẩy( chấm) trước dấu phẩy ( đầu câu)
* có thể đứng giữa câu, trước và sau đều có dấu phẩy
Ex: The weather was too bad Therefore, our plan had been changed
5 However ( tuy nhiên) : sau dấu chấm ( chấm phẩy trước dấu phẩy
Ex: I will offer my cat to Hoa However, he may not like it
6 Because, as, since (bởi vì ) dùng để chỉ lý do.Ex: She didn’t go to the zoo because she was ill.
7 Or ( hay là, hoặc là) Ex: Is your girl tall or short ?
IV Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ sự nhượng bộ : Mặc dù
Ex: Although he had a bad cold , he went to class
V Relative clause ( Mệnh đề quan hệ )
1 Relative pronoun: (Đại từ quan hệ ) :
- WHO: Dùng thay thế cho cụm từ chỉ người
Ex: I need to meet the boy The boy is my friend’s son. I need to meet the boy who is my friend’s son
- WHICH: Dùng thay thế cho cụm từ chỉ đồ vật ,ở vị trí chủ ngữ và bổ ngữ.
- She works for a company It makes cars She works for a company which makes cars
- The Passover is very exciting People hold it in late March or early April
The Passover which people hold in late March or early April is very exciting
- THAT: thay thế cho who / which.
2.Defining and Non-defining Relative Clauses: MĐQH giới hạn và MĐQH không giới hạn
a Defining Relative Clauses: MĐQH giới hạn ( danh từ chưa xác định =>ko dùng dấu phẩy)
Dùng để bổ nghĩa cho danh từ đứng trước chưa được xác định rõ
Ex: I saw the girl She helped us last week I saw the girl who/that helped us last week.
b Non-defining Relative Clauses: MĐQH không giới hạn ( danh từ riêng, xác định=> dùng dấu phẩy) Dùng để bổ nghĩa cho danh từ đứng trước đã được xác định rõ, là phần giải thích thêm Mệnh đề này thường được tách khỏi mệnh đề chính bằng dấu phẩy “,”.
Ta dùng mệnh đề quan hệ không giới hạn khi:
- Trước danh từ có: this/that/these/those/my/her/his/…
Ex: My father is a doctor He is fifty years old. My father, who is fifty years old, is a doctor.
- Từ quan hệ là tên riêng hoặc danh từ riêng
Ex: Mr Brown is a very nice teacher We studied English with him.
Mr Brown, who we studied English with, is a very nice teacher
* LƯU Ý: KHÔNG dùng that thay cho who, which, whom trong MĐQH không giới hạn.
Although / Though / Even though + S + V … +, Clause(chính)
Trang 2CÁCH VIẾT LẠI CÂU:
B1: Xác định 2 từ cùng chỉ về 1 đối tượng ở 2 vế (từ 1 thường là danh từ, từ ở vế 2 thường là danh từ được
lặp lại hoặc đại từ nhân xưng)
B2: Xác định đại từ quan hệ cần dùng (who :chỉ người, which: vật )
B3: Viết từ đầu tới danh từ 1 + đại từ quan hệ + vế thứ 2
B4: xác định nếu danh từ 1 là teen riêng => thêm dấu phẩy trước và mệnh đề who / which
VI.Câu điều kiện loại 1(có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại & tương lai):
If Clause(mệnh đề If ) Main Clause( m.đề chính )
HTĐ am/is/are
V o /Vs-es
(don’t/doesn’t-Vo)
will/can/may +V o
Ex : It rains I will stay at home => If it rains, i will stay at home
Cách viết lại câu điều kiện: xác định thì ở 2 vế Nếu ở hiện tại và tương lai => điều kiện L1=> áp dụng
công thứ viết lại câu
Câu điều kiện loại 2:
If Clause(mệnh đề If ) Main Clause( m.đề chính )
QKĐ were/ weren’t
V 2 /V-ed (didn’t+Vo)
Would/Could/Might + V o
Ex: the weather is not fine, so we stay at home.=> if the weather were fine, we wouldn’t stay at home
Cách viết lại câu điều kiện:
B1: xác định thì ở 2 vế Nếu 2 vế cùng ở hiện tại diễn tả sự việc ko có thật=> đk L2
B2 : Xác định S, V ở cả 2 vế
B3: Xác định mệnh đề nguyên nhân ( because/since/as)=> mđề If
Kết quả(therefore, so)=> mđề chính.
B4:) Xác định thể Nếu KĐ=>PĐ, nếu PĐ=>KĐ
B5: viết công thức => viết lại câu.
VII MAY/ MIGHT: Dùng để diễn tả hành độïng có thể xảy ra trong tương lai
Form: S + may/ might + Vo (I’m not sure where I spend on Tet holidays,but I may stay in Da Lat)
* Dùng “may /might” diễn tả sự xin phép Ex: May I go out now, sir?
VIII.PRONUNCIATION
1.Cách phát âm “ED”
t,d
( tiền đây)
ch, p, f/gh, s/x, k, sh,
( t, p, f, s, gh, k, O,ʃ )
(sáng sớm chạy xe sh ghé khắp kả phố fường)
/b/,/g/,/v/,/z/,/m/, /n/,/l/,/r/ các nguyên âm
Còn lại
wanted, decided stopped, kicked, laughed, missed, watched,
washed, fixed
loved, delivered
2.Cách phát âm “-S”, “-ES”:
- s ,-ss, -ch, -sh, -x, -z ,-o, -ge, -ce
(sẵn-sàng-chung-shức-xin-z-ô-góp-cơm)
“t,gh, th, p, k, f, t, “
(O, p, k, f, t )
(tớ ghét thời phong kiến fương tây)
/b/,/d/,/g/,/v/,/m/,/n/,/l/…
các nguyên âm
Còn lại
boxes , misses , quizzes , practices lamps , laughs , books , teachers , studies , explains
Trang 3changes , watches , washes sits , months schools
IX Phrasal verbs ( Động từ ghép) là động từ với một giới từ
Look at: nhìn
Look after : chăm soc
Look for: tìm kiếm
Look up : tra cứu
Turn on: mở >< turn off Turn up: vặn lớn Turn down : vặn nhỏ lại
Go on: tiếp tục Look forward to : trông mong
X Making Suggestion: ( Cách nói câu đề nghị )
a S + Suggest + V-ing
Ex: I suggest going to the restaurant
b S Suggest + that + S + should + Vo
Ex: I suggest that we should go to the restaurant
c Why don’t we + Vo…?
Ex: Why don’t we go to the restaurant ?
d Shall we / Let’s + Vo
Ex: Shall we go to the restaurant ? = Let’s go to the restaurant.
e What about / How about + V- ing ?
Ex : What about going to the restaurant ? = How about going to the restaurant ?
B BÀI TẬP
Exercise 1: Relative Pronouns( Who/ which/ that)
1 Neil Armstrong, _ walked on the moon, lived in the USA
2 Judy really likes the full-moon festival _happens in mid- Fall
3 Family members _live apart try to be together at Tet
4 The men and animals _ you saw on TV last night are in Africa
5 I like reading books _ tell about peoples and their cultures
6 We all like the sticky rice cakes are made by our grandmother
7 The boy, _ give you my book, is my student
8 Auld Lang Syne is a song _ is sung on New Year’s Eve
Exercise 2: Connectors ( because / since/ as/ so/ therefore/ and/ or/but/ however/ although )
1 Bill got wet he forgot his umbrella
=>………
2 _ she finds English is difficult, she enjoys learning it
=>………
3 _ she was tired, she helped him with his homework
=>
4 There is too much traffic , the air is polluted
5 Minh failed the test , he has to do the test again
6 We decided not to go out for a meal _ we were too tired
7 Passover is in late March _early April
8 We are saving money we want to buy a new house
9 He didn't have much money, _ he bought a lot of things at the shop for Tet
10 It was hot, _ I turned on the air conditioner
11 Two students are absent to day _ they are ill
12 _ Mrs Mai was very tired , she help her children with their homework
13 Would you like green tea _ milk tea?
14 Yesterday we bought potatoes, carrots _ cabbages at the market
15 The weather was very nice, _ we decided to go out for a walk
Fill in the blank with given words in the brackets
a Mrs Quyen bought corn, potatoes cabbages at the market (and / or)
b I'd love to play volleyball I have to complete an assignment (and/ but)
c Nam got wet he forgot his umbrella (so / because)
Trang 4d Hoa failed her math test she has to do the test again.(However / Therefore),
e Do you want Vietnamese tea milk tea? (and/or)
f It's raining, I can't go to the beach (so / however)
g Ba's hobbies are playing football collecting stamps (and/or)
h Na is very tired she has to finish her homework before she goes to bed (However / Therefore)
Exercise3: Prepositions
1 I turned _ the TV to see the weather forecast
2 If you _ down the trees in the forest, there will be big floods
3 She forgot to turn _ the faucet when she left for work
4 It’s very nice _ you to say so!
5 Linh didn't come to the party because he had to look _her younger sister
6 –“What are you doing Lan?” –“ I’m _ my pencil”
7 Mrs Ha is worried _ her recent water bill It’s enormous
Fill in the blank with given words in the box.
turn on turn off look for look after go on
a Hanh can't go to the movies with us tonight She will have to her little sister
b If we wasting water, there will be a shortage of fresh water in a few decades
c “ the TV for me, will you? I want to watch the weather forecast."
d "I think I've lost my new pen I've it everywhere and I can't find it anywhere."
e Mrs Yen forgot to the faucet when she left for work
Exercise 4: vocabulary
1 On Easter Day people crowd the street to watch colorful _
2 My father never misses the weather _ on TV
3 You should get a _to check the water pipes
4 In north and south America, the stropical storm is called _
5 _are funnel-shaped storms which pass overland below thunderstorms
6 Mount Pinatubo,which is a _ in the Philippines, erupted in 1991
1 Qui Nhon will be sunny tomorrow and the temperature will be 25 0C and 30 0C
2 The most important for Vietnamese people is Tet
3 We decided not to go out for a meal _ we were too tired
4 We should take a shower instead of a bath to save _
5 Ba ate a lot of food _ he wasn’t hungry
6 Mai is going to _ her birthday party tonight
1 Nguyen Du was famous _ in Viet Nam
2 They feft when Tet was coming near
3 My friend Nigel, works in the City Bank , earn much more than I do
4 All member in her family are aware of saving _
5 Environmental _ is a serious problem facing mankind today
Exercise 5: verbs form
1 If it rains this evening, I (not, go)
2 I suggest some money for poor children (raise)
3 Kobe in Japan was completely in 1995 by a huge earthquake (destroy)
4 If people _energy, there will be no shortage of electricity (save)
5 Trung likes sports (watch)
6 If Ba here tomorrow, I will phone you (come)
Trang 57 My sister enjoys to music.(listen)
8 If the rice paddies are polluted, the rice plants (die)
9 If he leaves now, he might (catch ) the last train to town
10 Mrs Mi suggests _ showers to save water
11 I suggest that we should _ money for the poor people in our neighborhood (save)
12 Let me congratulate you on _ the final exam (pass)
13 I would buy that house if I _ you
14 How about out for a walk.? (go)
15 If I had free time , I ( go) to the cinema with you
16 Shall we ( take) a picnic this weekend?
17 I (have) these cards since my birthday
18 The last time I (go) to Bristain was in August
19 Look! It (Snow) outside
20 I ( come) home late last night
21 I ( learn) ……… English for four years
Exercise 6: Adj / adverbs
1 Mai is talking _ because she has done her test perfectly (happy)
2 I’m _that I can go to Dalat this time.(excite)
3 He loves his parents very much and wants them to be _ ( happy)
4 You must listen to the tape _ before answering the questions (careful)
5 Run _ or you'll not catch the ball (fast)
6 We were very _ that you won’t the first prize (amaze)
7 Hurry up! Don’t walk we’ll be late for class
8 Lan is _ that you are working hard
Fill in the blank with given words in the box.
a Hoa was _ pleased that she got an A for her assignment
b The old man walked _ to the park
c Tuan sighed _ when he heard that he failed the test
d The baby laughed _ as she played with her toys
e Mrs Nga speaks English quite _
Exercise 7: Match the sentences in column A with the suitable one in column B
4 We couldn’t meet you d but we has to finish our homework” 4 ……
2 I think we should turn off the lights to
save energy
happily, slowly, well, extremely, sadly
Trang 6Exercise 8: Join the sentences Relative clauses
1 My Aunt Judy is the woman she is holding Jack (who)
=> ……….
2. This watch is a gift The watch was given to me by my aunt on my 14th birthday (which)
=> ……….
3 The man was a famous expert He was giving a talk on saving energy.(who)
4 I like reading books Books tell about different peoples and their cultures (which)
5 I'll go to the airport to meet my friends They come to stay with us this Christmas (who)
6 Auld Lang Syne is a song Auld Lang Syne is sung on New Year's Eve (which)
7 Judy liked the full-moon festival very much The festival is celebrated in mid-fall (which)
8 Tet is a festival Tet occurs in late January or early February.(which)
9 Ba lives on Trang Tien Street He likes playing the guitar.
10 Do you understand the word ? The teacher wrote it on the board (which)
Exercise 9: combine the sentences
1.I'm hungry I haven't eaten all day.(because)
=> ………
2 Ha is not satisfied with her preparations for Tet She has made plenty of cakes (even though)
3 Mrs Thoa was tired, she helped Tuan with his homework.(Although)
4 I have a broken leg I fell over while I was playing basketball.(as)
5 Ba ate a lot of food, he wasn't very hungry (though)
6 It rained yesterday, the weather forcaster predicted it was fine (although)
7 I want to go home I feel sick (because)
8 Ba is tired he stayed up late watching TV.(because)
9 Because the weather was bad,We didn’t go camping (so)
10 I am studying very hard I want to get good marks (because)
11 The traffic was bad I arrived on time.(although)
12 I’m hungry I haven’t eaten all day (because)
13 Huong was tired She has to finish her homework ( However)
Trang 714 Donna got the job, but she didn’t have the qualifications ( Although)
Exercise 10: Conditional sentences
1 Mrs Nga will join us, she finishes her work early (If)
=> ……….
2 It rains this evening, I won’t go out.(If) => ……….
3 Lan will miss the bus, she doesn’t hurry => If => Unless……….
4 Ha isn’t careful, he will drop the cup (If) => ……….
5 Mrs Binh writes a shopping list, she won’t forget what to buy (If) => ……….
6 Minh isn’t here, so he can’t help me => If………
7 I’m tired, so I can’t go to school =>………
8 Lan is late because she gets up late Exercise 11: Cau de nghi 1 Shall we go to the cinema tonight? => what about ………
=> Let’s ………
=> Hung suggested ………
2 Hoang suggested that we should clean the beach => Let’s………
=> Hoang suggested………
=> How about………
3 I think it would be a good idea to take the train => Lan suggested………
Exercise 12: Rearrange the words 1 suggest/ some/ collecting/ I / money /./ =>……….………
2 should/ suggest/ I / you/ work/ on/ harder/ your pronunciation/./ => 3 I / you/ if/ would/ were/ that/ bike/ buy/./ 4.congratulated/ me/Minh/ passing/ on/ the exam/./ 5.raining/ it’s/ can’t / to the beach/ go / we/ so/./ Exercise 13: although => in spite of/ despite , because => because of 1 Although it was a bad day, we went out for a picnic In spite of ………
2 Although his leg was broken, he managed to get out of the car In spite of
3 She went to bed early because she was sick => because of ………
4 Lan is late because she gets up late => because of………
Trang 8Exercise 14: Reading
1 Read the text then answer the following questions.
Tet or Lunar New Year is the main holiday for Vietnamese people It is the most important
celebration in the year which falls sometimes beween January 19 and February 20 Tet marks the beginning
of spring and it’s a time for family members who live apart try to be together The preparations and
celebrations used to be spread over months but nowadays the holiday is much shorter However, there is great excitement building up well before Tet Streets are decorated with colored lights and red banners Shops are full of goods People buy gifts, clean and decorate their house and cook traditional foods
On the first days of Tet people try to be nice and polite to others They visit their relatives or friends and exchange New Year’s wishes Children receive the “lucky money” inside red envelopes Many people
go to the pagoda to pray for a happy new year for themselves and their family.Tet is really a time of fun and festivals throughout the country
1 When is the Tet holiday in Vietnam?………
2 What are streets decorated with?
……… ………
3 What do Vietnamese people often do to prepare for the Tet?
……… ………
4 Why do people go to the pagoda?
……… ………
True or False : 1 Tet isn’t the main holiday of Vietnam. _
2 Lunar New year marks the beginning of spring.
3 children receive lucky money inside the yellow envelopes.
4 A lot of people go to the pagoda to pray for New Year.
Exercise 15: pronunciation
2 A established B belonged C stationed D studied