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Performance Testing of Permanent Links and Channels Testing of telecommunications Permanent Links and Channels to determine performance compliance to Class D using Cat 5 components and C

PERFORMANCE TESTING

OF COPPER PERMANENT LINKS AND CHANNEL

KRONE (Australia) Holdings Pty/Ltd

Ver 5

Performance Testing of Permanent Links and Channels

Testing of telecommunications Permanent Links and Channels to determine

performance compliance to Class D (using Cat 5 components) and Class E (using Cat 6 components) is an issue that that is vital to the application for a KRONE

Warranty

AS/NZS 3080:2002 (and ISO 11801 Ed 2) has lifted the Class D performance pass mark from Cat 5 to Cat 5E level This document therefore correctly refers to the component category as Cat 5 for Class D performance in accordance with the

International Standard In America, this same level of component performance is still refereed to as Cat 5E

Cat 5 (Australia & Internationally) = Cat 5E (North America)

1 Permanent Links And Channels

The fundamental building blocks for a telecommunications system are the

permanent links (PL) and channels (Ch) The field testers needed for PL testing must nullify the effects of the test leads resulting in plug connector ends that are less than 50 mm long The plug connector ends are also required to meet performance criteria that are electrically “centred” This means that, as tester manufacturers produce these “centred” plugs, new plugs will have to be bought for use with the hand-held testers to obtain accurate PL test results This requirement only applies

to PL testing Channel testing still uses the Vendor’s patch cords, which are to be left in situ after testing

The configuration of the Permanent Link and Channel is shown below

2 Passive Testing With Hand-Held Field Testers

There are currently two levels of acceptable hand-held field tester:

Level 2e – for testing of Class D and lower; and

Level 3 – for testing of Class E and lower

90m max

100m max

Permanent Link

Channel

Level 2e Testers

This accuracy level was introduced to achieve the requirements for Class D It included those parameters necessary to allow data transmission on four pairs

simultaneously, as in Gigabit Ethernet These parameters included FEXT, RL and the calculations for ELFEXT and all POWERSUM parameters

An increased level of accuracy and higher performance can usually be achieved by sending the tester back to the manufacturer for a software upgrade; or by

downloading the software upgrade from the manufacturer’s web site

The following Level 2e testers are recommended for testing for Class D

performance using Cat 5 components:

1 OmniScanner 1 & 2

2 Agilent WireScope WS155 (Software version 5.2 or higher)

3 FLUKE DSP4000 Series (4000/4100/4300)

All three work well for Class D, but there may be Return Loss problems with the sites tested If failures occur on RL in the field, try to use a Level 3 tester to confirm the failure KRONE requires that PL or Ch be tested for compliance to AS/NZS 3080

or ISO 11801 pass marks when setting up the testers with the supplied Channel heads and Permanent Link heads

Level 3 Testers

This accuracy level is associated with the requirements of Class E testing Again software upgrades are the mechanism used to keep the tester up to date with

accuracy and performance requirements These testers are complicated instruments and each manufacturer uses different complex mathematical algorithms in their software to achieve the necessary accuracy and performance measurements

The following Level 3 testers are recommended for testing of Class E

performance using Cat 6 components:

1 OmniScanner 1 & 2

2 Agilent WireScope WS350

3 FLUKE DSP 4000/4100/4300

3 Class E Warranty Testing Using Cat 6 Components

After testers have been in the field for some time, handling and maintenance issues can arise from extended use The Level 3 testers need to be discussed individually

as each one has unique features

The OmniScanner 1 & 2 have the same base unit with one main difference: the OmniScanner 2 has an external memory card for storing and forwarding test results:

a very handy feature to keep the tester working on-site; the OmniScanner 1 does not The ability to test Class E Permanent Links between the two units is the same, provided they have the latest software version loaded The ability to test for Class E channels is supported by using the correct Channel head listed on the following tables

The PL test heads for the OmniScanner now uses the same head, lead and

Personality Module as Fluke DSP 4000 series This means the unit has a 50 mm lead (ie the Personality Module) there by complying with the international

requirements for test equipment

The PL test head for the KRONE KM8 RJ45 solution must be the OMNI – LIA101 + PM01 or PM25 Permanent Link test head

Agilent WS350

The WS350 works well and many installers like its ease of use and high accuracy It has the facility for removable memory The WS350 supports both Class E Channel and Permanent Link testing Older units should be checked for cable wear at the unit interface plugs, which may cause results on RL to vary A poor result on RL should be investigated by using a different set of heads

The PL test heads contain a chip that allows the unit to zero out the effects of the test leads there by making it an effective “50 mm lead”

Use the generic PL test head and leads for testing the KRONE KM8 RJ45 sockets

Fluke DSP 4000, 4100 and 4300

The difference between the 4000, 4100 and 4300 models is primarily the facility for external memory All units give good results for testing Class E Permanent Links and Channels

Class E Permanent Link heads must have the new flat test cable with the new

‘Personality Module’ (a special RJ45 plug) The standard personality module PM01 comes shipped with the DSP4100 and 4300 This will change to the newer PM25

as these units become available in Australia

The PL test head for the KRONE KM8 RJ45 socket is the generic PL test head LIA101 + PM01 or the newer PM25

KRONE Cat 6 patch cords must be used at both ends of a horizontal run to make up

a channel that meets the Cat 6 channel performance test requirements

4 Mistakes In The Field Common To All Three Testers

Out of Manufacturer’s Calibration

All testers should be calibrated by the manufacturer’s representative at least 1/year Yes, that means they are not available for about 10 days, so plan around this

necessary annual event

Periodically do the self-calibration Before the start of each new job site, then

1/week to retain confidence in the tester readings

Incorrect NVP Setting on the Tester

NVP is essential to calculating the correct length Do not use the default NVP

Selecting the correct cable type on the tester will automatically select the correct NVP

“Star-Pass” Not Turned On

Some testers do not have the ”Star-Pass” warning activated via the tester software This results in a false feeling of confidence while testing because no warnings are sounded indicating that the run needs attention It is better to find & fix these while staff are on site than to find out back in the office and have to return to site

KRONE do not accept “Star-Passes” for a KRONE Warranty without consultation

Incorrect Test Set-up & Performance Setting

Select the Test Set-up and Performance Level to the KRONE requirements as set out in the Warranty Application Form and the builder’s project specification If these requirements conflict with each other, contact KRONE to get advice before you spend days of testing time that may have to be repeated

KRONE requirements are listed in the following tables They are firstly the AS/NZS 3080:2002 PL & Ch requirements for Class D or E performance, or alternatively the ISO 11801 performance parameters

If the default North American Cat5E performance parameters are selected, then not all the required testing and calculations will be done (eg Cat5E does not do ACR or PSACR, but Class D does.)

Ware On Test Leads & Test Plugs

All of the testers have issues with Permanent Link lead and plug wear The coiling and uncoiling of test leads during their use over time will induce unwanted RL and crosstalk FLUKE & OmniScanner have specifically addressed this issue with flat test cable for their DSP & OMNI testers When test failures occur, a new set of heads and test leads should be used to confirm the failure

All three units originally used MediaTwist as the cordage in the Link heads If testers are still using MediaTwist leads and heads, these are not acceptable for Class D or

E Permanent Links and Channels

5 3 dB & 4 dB Rules in Testing

3 dB rule means that if IL <3 dB you can ignore any RL failures

4 dB rule means that if IL <4 dB you can ignore any NEXT failures

Both rules were brought into the International standards to account for short runs, typically up to 15 m, because of signal reflection problems that have nothing to do with incorrect installation or termination practices

6 Warranty Testing

The whole purpose of providing a telecommunications channel is to give the end user a physical layer over which data can travel at the fastest possible rate, without errors that will affect the performance of the channel

KRONE Endorsed Installer companies can apply for a KRONE Warranty on a site

as follows;

Permanent Link Warranty

After successful installation in accordance with KRONE installation requirements and after successful testing of the permanent link installation with a hand-held field tester using the correct PL adaptor test heads, KRONE WILL guarantee Class D or

E Permanent Link performance

Channel Warranty

After successful installation in accordance with KRONE installation requirements and after successful testing of the Channel with a hand-held field testers, KRONE WILL guarantee Class D or E Channel performance

Modern testers are now so well developed that for a correctly installed site, after reviewing the Warranty Application and the Installer correcting any discrepancies, KRONE will accept the full test results held by the Installer on a KRONE installation

as the basis for awarding a TrueNetTM Class E Warranty

Patch By Exception (PBE) sites must have all the jumpering in place and be tested

to Channel requirements PL testing on PBE sites is not acceptable for a Warranty

Memory Aid: NEXT has 4 letters

so it is the 4 dB Rule

7 KRONE Adaptors To Be Used With The Latest Testers

AGILENT WS350

KM8 RJ45 Socket

KRONE C5 RJ45 Socket

HIGHBAND Modules

HIGHBAND

25 Modules

Cat 5E and lower

Perm Link X N2604A-101 N2604A-055A X

Channel X N2604A-100 N2604A-100 N2604A-100

Cat 6 and lower

Perm Link N2604A-101 X N2604A-055A X

Channel N2604A-100 X N2604A-100 N2604A-100 N2604A-055A is for Australian 568A wiring; –056B is for American 568B wiring

N2604A-055A is basic link therefore test results should have min 2 dB margin

N2604A-101 is the Universal Link Adaptor

OMNISCANNER 1 AND 2

KRONE C6 KM8 RJ45 Socket

KRONE C5 RJ45 Socket

HIGHBAND 8 and Ultim8 Modules

HIGHBAND 25 Modules

Cat 5 and lower

Perm Link X OMNI-LIA101 +

PM01 or PM25 8262-23A X

Cat 6 and lower

Perm Link OMNI-LIA101 +

8262-23A = Australian 568A wiring; 24B = American 568B wiring

8262-23A is basic link therefore test results should have min 2 dB margin

8262-02 or –42 can be used as channel heads

FLUKE DSP4000, DSP 4100 and DSP 4300

KRONE

KM8 RJ45 Socket

KRONE C5 RJ45 Socket

HIGHBAND 8 and Ultim8 Modules

HIGHBAND 25 Modules

Cat 5 and lower

Perm Link X LIA101+

Channel X LIA012 LIA012 LIA012

Cat 6 and lower

Perm Link LIA101+

Channel LIA012 X LIA012 LIA012

LIA101 + PM01 or PM25 is the Universal Link Adaptor

LIA042A is basic link therefore test results should have min 2 dB margin

LIA012 marked Cat 5/5E can be used for Cat 6 channel testing

LIA013 can be used instead of LIA012 channel adaptors LIA013 has an extra monitor outlet jack

The cable specifications that are built into the testers allow for automatic set up of the NVP for correct time/distance calculations Just select the nominated cable specification and it is done, then conduct the desired Permanent Link or Channel test as an Auto Test

The limits for the Permanent Link and Channel are usually defined in the project specification/tender and the tester should be set to these settings If no settings are specified, the following should be used:

AGILENT WS350

Data Base /

Cable Spec./

KRONE KRONE NVP = 70% = default NVP C6TR TrueNet KRONE NVP = 70% = default NVP 55eRiser Data Base /

Connecting

Hardware KRONE / TrueNet C6T KRONE / C5E Socket Profile Settings /

Permanent Link Default Class E Default Class D

Profile Settings /

Channel Default Class E Default Class D

OMNISCANNER 1 and 2

Cable Spec

KRONE

TN6TR KRONE NVP = 70% = default NVP

55E CMR KRONE NVP = 70% = default NVP Permanent Link Go to: Set-up / Auto Test /

ISO/IEC Class E Link Go to: Set-up / Auto Test / ISO/IEC Class D Link Channel Go to: Set-up / Auto Test /

ISO/IEC Class E Channel

Go to: Set-up / Auto Test / ISO/IEC Class D Channel

FLUKE DSP 4000, 4100 and 4300

Cable Spec

Nil (Fluke default is 69%) Set NVP to 70% (Fluke default is 69%) Set NVP to 70% Permanent Link Use Auto Test Set-up:

ISO11801 PL max Class E

Use Auto Test Set-up: ISO11801 PL max Class D Channel Use Auto Test Set-up:

ISO11801 Channel Class E ISO11801 Ch Class D-2002 Use Auto Test Set-up: Always ensure that the latest specification limits are downloaded from tester manufacturer and stored

in the testers