Sp là chủ ngữ của câu bị động be được chia ở các thì by O cũng có một số trường hợp không cần dùng M thường thì viết lại phó từ đã cho.. Người ta ít dùng thể bị động ở thì này.[r]
Trang 1CHANGE INTO THE PASSIVE VOICE
The passive voice: Sp + (be) + V 3 /ed + (by O) + M
* S A là chủ ngữ của câu chủ động (Sp) là chủ ngữ của câu bị động
* (V) được chia ở các thì (be) được chia ở các thì
1 The present simple tense: (Thì hiện tại đơn)
SA + {V / Vs / Ves}+ O + M
Sp + {am / is / are} + {V 3 /ed} + by O + M
* Chú ý: {V / Vs/Ves} đổi thành: {am / is /are} + {V 3 /ed}
2 The present progressive tense: (Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn)
SA + {am / is / are} + {V-ing} + O + M
Sp + {am / is / are} + {being V 3 /ed} + by O + M
* Chú ý: {am / is / are} + {V-ing} đổi thành:{am / is / are} + {being V 3 /ed}.
3 The present perfect tense: (Thì hiện tại hoàn thành)
SA + {have / has} + {V 3 /ed} + O + M
Sp + {have / has} + {been V 3 /ed} + by O + M
* Chú ý: {have / has} + {V 3 /ed} đổi thành {have / has} + {been V 3 /ed}.
4 The present perfect progressive tense: (Thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn)
SA + {have / has} + {been V-ing} + O + M
Sp + {have / has} + {been being V 3 /ed} + by O + M
* Chú ý: {have / has} + been V-ing đồi thành {have / has} + been being V 3 /ed Người ta ít dùng thể
bị động ở thì này
5 The past simple tense: (Thì quá khứ đơn)
SA + V 2 /ed + O + M
Sp + was / were + V 3 /ed + by O + M
* Chú ý: V 2 /ed đổi thành {was / were} + {V 3 /ed}.
6 The past progressive tense: (Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn)
SA + was / were + V-ing + O + M
Sp + was / were + being V 3 /ed + by O + M
* Chú ý: was / were + V-ing đổi thành was / were + being V 3 /ed.
7 The past perfect tense: (Thì quá khứ hoàn thành)
Trang 2SA + had + V 3 /ed + O + M
Sp + had + been V 3 /ed+ by O + M
* Chú ý: had + V 3 /ed đổi thành had + been V 3 /ed.
8 The Past perfect progressive tense: (Thì quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn)
SA + had + been V -ing + O + M
Sp + had + been being V 3 /ed + by O + M
* Chú ý: had + been V-ing đổi thành had + been being V 3 /ed
9 The future simple tense: (Thì tương lai đơn)
* Chú ý: will + Vo đổi thành will + be V 3 /ed.
10 The future progressive tense : (Thì tương lai tiếp diễn)
Chú ý: will + be V-ing đổi thành will + be being V 3 /ed.
11 The future perfect tense: (Thì tương lai hoàn thành)
* Chú ý: will + have V 3 /ed đổi thành will + have been V 3 /ed.
12 The future perfect progressive tense: (Thì tương lai hoàn thành tiếp diễn)
13 Special mood: (Dạng đặc biệt)
SA + {will / would / shall / should / can / could / may / might / have to / (have) to / (be) going to / used to /
had better … + Vo + O + M
Sp + {will / would / shall / should / can / could / …} + be V 3 /ed + by O + M
Change into the passive voice:
1 The hurricane blew off the roofs of the house
Trang 3SA (5) O
- _
2 They have to pay the bill before the first day of the month
- _
3 You should place matches out of the reach of children
SA (13) O M
- _
4 The builders were building a new restaurant when we came
SA (6) O M
- _
5 No one can do anything unless someone gives us some more information
SA (13) O M
- _
6 She gave me the chance to explain my point of view
SA (5) O1 O2
- _
7 Somebody has cleaned my shoes and brushed my teeth
SA (3) O1 (3) O2
- _
8 They asked a lot of questions at the meting
- _
9 People should stop experiments on animals
SA (13) O
- _
10 Mr Pike designed this bridge in 1954
SA (5) O M
- _
11 The teacher has just explained the lesson in the classroom
SA (3) O M
- _
12 My sister wrote this letter last night
SA (5) O M
- _
13 She always does her homework carefully
SA (1) O M
- _
14 They didn’t tell you the truth of the situation
SA (5) O1 O2
- _
15 They converted the major part of the temple into “Lenin’s room.”
SA (5) O M
- _
16 We clear the garages every day
SA (1) O M
- _
17 They made jean cloth from cotton in the 18th century
SA (5) O M
- _
18 They have just introduced a new style of jeans in the USA
SA (3) O M
- _
19 Students have to wear school uniforms when they are at school
SA (13) O M
- _
Trang 420 The football match attracted thousands of fans.
- _
21 People speak English all over the world
- _
22 John’s father gave me a box of colored pencils
- _
23 He has just bought a lot of books written by Charles Dickens
- _
24 They are going to translate some novels into Vietnamese tomorrow
- _
25 We began to learn English four years ago
- _
26 Who painted the door?
- _
27 What marks did your teacher give you for your answer?
- _
28 They are going to build a new hospital next year
- _
29 People say he is the best doctor
- _
30 Nobody has used this machine for ages
- _
31 They used recycled plastic to make toys and utensils
- _
32 My sister gave me a new pair of jeans on my fifteenth birthday
- _
33 They will have to change the day of the meeting again
- _
34 You should send the Christmas cards a week before Christmas Day
- _
35 The police were searching the shop
- _
36 Are they building a new school here?
- _
37 Lan and her pen pal are visiting many beautiful places in Hanoi
- _
38 Has anyone prepared this telephone?
- _
39 Do you like candies?
- _
40 Mr Brown doesn’t teach grammar
- _
41 We will grow a lot of tress in the garden
- _
42 When does he usually do his homework?
- _
43 People recycle old car tires to make shoes and sandals
- _
44 They will recycle the waste paper in a local factory
- _
45 Someone cleans the rooms every day
- _
46 John will collect me at the airport
- _
47 Mr Robinson teaches us how to speak English properly
- _
Trang 548 Your teacher must sign this form.
- _
49 Our form teacher will hold a class discussion next Monday
- _
50 Will you invite her to your birthday party?
- _
51 We cannot wear jeans at work
- _
52 Do they speak French and English in Canada?
- _
53 They make these artificial flowers of silk
- _
54 Did the idea interest you?
- _
55 Students are doing a lot of the work
- _
56 Someone has given him a lot of money
- _
57 Nobody has swept the rooms for weeks
- _
58 They have cancelled the meeting
- _
59 We have invited all the students in the school
- _
60 They will have to change the date of the meeting again
- _
61 They are going to invite her for dinner
- _
62 They are mending your shoes at the moment
- _
63 Should they help Jane with the sewing?
- _
64 They used to drink beer for breakfast in England years ago
-
Exercises on Writing
Part 1: Associations
Underline the word or phrase that is most closely related to the word or phrase on the left If necessary, use
a dictionary to check the meaning of words you do not know The first one has been done for you
Trang 62 ingredients (for a recipe / for a suitcase)
11 to be concerned (to be interested / to be worried)
13 an achievement (something bad / something good)
40 up to six things (four or five things / seven or eight things)
42 an appealing idea (people hate it / people like it)
46 to eliminate something (it arrives / it leaves)
47 to arrange (to put in order / to write many times)
Trang 758 to remove (to add / to subtract)
72 to hide something (you cannot buy it / you cannot see it)
82 to measure (to find a number / to find a person)
88 to rank (12 x 8 = 96 / 1st, 2nd, 3rd)
Part 2: Collocations
Fill each blank with the word on the left that most naturally completes the phrase on the right If necessary, use a dictionary to check the meaning of words you do not know The first one has been done for you
Trang 85 banana / cell phone to peel a
10 at / for that book is not suitable a child
20 than / that one thing is easier another
22 complain / collapse about something
25 extremely / widely the most played sport
29 in / on the corner of 41st and Vine Streets
32 building / computer an ancient
39 guessed / seemed it may have difficult
46 the Internet / a problem to point out
53 bank / body a slender (mảnh khảnh, yếu ớt)
Trang 9Part 3: Word forms
Each item below contains a group pf related words Identify the word form of the words in each group
Write N (noun), V (verb), ADJ (adjective), or ADV (adverb) on the line (Some items will not have all four
forms.) Use a dictionary if necessary The first one has been done for you
1 increasingly ADV increase N increasing ADJ increase V
2 believe belief believable
3 illegality illegal illegally
5 finance finance financial financially
9 benefit benefit beneficial beneficially
11 beautify beauty beautiful beautifully
12 satisfactory satisfy satisfying satisfaction
14 voluntarily volunteer voluntary volunteer
15 economical economy economically economize
16 industrial industry industrialize industrially
19 calculation calculate calculable incalculable
Part 4: Sentence transformation
1 The house is too expensive for me to buy
- The house _ = It is
2 Mary is too young to apply for a job
- Mary is not _
3 This exercise is easy enough for me to do
- This exercise is so _ = It is such _
4 This shirt is too small for her to wear
- This shirt is so = It is such _
5 The book is so interesting that I have read it several times
- It is such _
6 To do this job is quite difficult
- It is _
7 To learn English is not easy
- Learning _ = It is
8 To learn a foreign language is difficult
- Learning = It is
- How difficult _
9 To live on my own is really hard
- I find it = It is _
- Living
Trang 1010 They have known for a long time.
- It is a long time _
11 The little boy hasn’t eaten anything since yesterday
- The little boy _
12 It is the first time I have traveled to France
- I haven’t _
13 I have never spoken to a French man
- It is the first time _
14 I haven’t seen him since we were students
- I last saw _
15 Tom hasn’t met Mary since last year
- The last time _
16 He did this exercise in an hour
- It took him _
17 Christopher Columbus discovered America in 1492
- America
18 This book is not as expensive as that one
- This book is
19 Tim doesn’t run as quickly as David
- David runs
20 My husband doesn’t drink a lot He doesn’t smoke a lot
- My husband neither
21 Tom asked me, “Where do you live?”
- Tom asked me where _
22 “Can you close the door for me, Ann?” said Mr Brown
- Mr Brown asked Ann _
23 Music interests her greatly
- She has a great _
24 Everyone loves her because she behaves well
- Everyone loves her because of