43 iot assignment 1 frontsheet 2018 2019

Investigate architecture, frameworks, tools, hardware and API techniques available to develop IoT applications.. P1  IoT Definitions: In general, the term Internet of Things refers to

ASSIGNMENT 1 FRONT SHEETQualification TEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Computing

Unit number and title Unit 43: Internet of Things

❒ Summative Feedback: ❒ Resubmission Feedback:

Internal Verifier’s Comments:

Signature & Date:

INTERNET OF THINGS ASSIGNMENT REPORT

UNIVERSITY: UNIVERSITY OF GREENWICH VIET NAM

CLASS: GCD0703

NAME: NGUYEN VAN LOC

MENTOR: TRAN TRONG MINH

EMAIL: locnvgcd18350@fpt.edu.vn

TABLE OF CONTENTS

I Analyse what aspects of IoT are necessary and appropriate when designing software applications:

(LO1) 5

1 Explore various forms of IoT functionality (P1) 5

2 Review standard architecture, frameworks, tools, hardware and APIs available for use in IoT development (P2) 11

2.1 Architecture of Internet of Things (IoT): 11

2.2 What is the IoT Framework? 12

2.3 Hardware: 13

2.4 IoT Development Tools: 15

2.5 IoT APIs: 18

2.6 IoT – Software: 19

II Outline a plan for an appropriate IoT application using common architecture, frameworks, tools, hardware and APIs (LO2) 20

1 Investigate architecture, frameworks, tools, hardware and API techniques available to develop IoT applications (P3) 20

1.1 Architecture: 20

1.2 Hardware: 21

1.3 Tools: 23

1.4 Frameworks: 24

1.5 API: 25

2 Determine a specific problem to solve using IoT (P4) 26

2.1 Problems: 26

2.2 Solution: 27

III REFERENCES: 27

TABLE OF FIGURES

Figure 1: INSTEON 10

Figure 2: EYELOCK 11

Figure 3: SIMPLISAFE 11

Figure 4: Stage IoT architecture 12

Figure 5: Ardruino Uno 15

Figure 6: Raspberry Pi 2 15

Figure 7: BeagleBoard 16

Figure 8: Arduino IDE 17

Figure 9: PlatformIO 18

Figure 10: Tessel 2 19

Figure 11: Iot API Examples 19

Figure 12: Architecture of IoT 21

Figure 13: NodeMCU ESP8266 WiFi Development Board 22

Figure 14: PINOUTS 24

Figure 15: Arduino IDE 25

Figure 16: AWS IoT 26

I Analyse what aspects of IoT are necessary and appropriate when designing software applications: (LO1)

1 Explore various forms of IoT functionality (P1)

 IoT Definitions:

In general, the term Internet of Things refers to situations where network communication andcomputing capacity extend to objects, sensors and everyday items not usually consideredcomputers, enabling these devices with minimal human interference to produce, share andconsume data However no single universal description exists

 What is the purpose of IoT?

- In the case of an IoT Eco-system, a remote agent (tablets, smartphones) may be used tosend a command or request information through an IoT computer

- The computer then executes the instruction or may also transfer the data back to thenetwork to be evaluated

- This data collection and processing will be done in many places, including the cloud, thelocal archive or even the data itself

 IoT Real World Applications :

1 Agriculture and Pest Control:

- Since we are going to look into the different IoT applications and the various IoT use cases,let’s start off with the areas where IoT use is most overlooked – farming Agriculture isessential for human survival and the way the population keeps multiplying, it can be hard

to maintain such large-scale agriculture without a major revolution

- Integrating IoT applications with farming can help to boost the production and keep it inline with the population explosion happening all over the globe IoT applications can result

in precision farming – that is, use of analytical data to understand soil moisture level,climatic changes, plant requirement, etc, and thus boost yield as well as encourageefficient use of resources

- This method can also be used for livestock management as well A threat that theagricultural sector has always faced is pest infiltration However, in one of the recent IoT

use cases, a company, Semios, makes use of sensors to track pest population There areother IoT systems as well which could be used to trap pests and notify authorities about it.

2 Environment:

- In recent times, we are becoming more and more aware of the environment and thedamage that human activities have caused Now, we are slowly trying to correct ourmistakes and tackle environmental issues We can make use of IoT applications to help uswith this goal

- Some of the areas where IoT are working is preservation of bees Honey Bees are facing athreat in this polluted world Climate change is affecting them as well However, byimplanting IoT devices, beekeepers can take better charge of preserving hives Using IoTwith connected sensors, it is possible to keep track of the hive temperature, amount offood present in the hives and also, the pollen collection IoT can be also used in wastemanagement also, helping us take better care of our environment

3 Smart Home Applications:

- Smart homes are probably the most common of all IoT use cases The concept of smarthomes has revolved around the internet for a long time When Mark Zuckerberg displayedhis smart home Jarvis, many people felt that they could actually fulfill their dream ofhaving a Smart home

- A smart home works with the active use of IoT applications Smart home devices collectand share information with one another in an integrated platform and automate theiractions based on the owner’s preference Hence, it is clear that they engage in a learningprocess to understand the preferences of their owner

- There are many IoT use cases related to Smart home appliances, but one of them can beSmart Thermostats, which monitor and control home temperatures to the comfort of theowner Plus, there is smart lighting as well where the lighting adjusts themselves based onthe user preference as well as external lighting

4 Health Care:

- The use of IoT in the healthcare sector can redefine healthcare as a whole The entirehealthcare sector comprises physicians, patients, hospitals, and health insurancecompanies IoT can target and enrich each of these parties Patients already have access

to several forms of wearables like fitness bands and blood pressure monitors to help withtheir health.

- There are also alert mechanisms put in these devices to notify doctors or family members

in the case of emergencies For the physicians, it is quite easy to get into the history of apatient through the IoT device and access real-time health data easily Real-time healthdata can also be used to increase the efficiency of clinical trials IoT devices can be usedinside hospitals to track locations of medical devices like defibrillators or wheelchairs andalso help with inventory management, monitoring the environment, and temperatureregulation Learn more about machine learning applications in healthcare industry

- Since most IoT devices collect data and store them in the cloud, health insurancecompanies can access this data to track the routine activities of a patient (their lifestylechoices), whether they are adhering to their treatment plans or even looking into theoperation processes

5 Smart Cities

- Many governments plan to build smart cities – that is – cities which heavily use IoT forseveral reasons like traffic management, public transportation, parking, utility billing, etc.Smart Cities can be referred to as large-scale IoT applications which cover a lot ofproblematic areas in a city

- While costly, it can be safe to say the benefits far outweigh the cost With thecombination of sensors, GPS data collection and cloud platforms, it will be easy to monitortraffic conditions of a specific area, plan construction program by predicting its impact ontraffic and find alternative routes when necessary

- Use of smart billing for household use of energy and smart street lighting can help in themanagement of energy use Another use case of the many IoT use cases is improvingpublic safety by using smart cameras or smart microphones to help detect crime in anyarea across a city

6 Safe Driving:

- With the increasing use of mobile phones, there has been a tragic rise in car accidents.These accidents have been connected to distracted driving While there have beenwarnings against the use of mobile phones while driving, many drivers do not pay heed to

it However, with the help of IoT technology, it is possible to track the mobile usage ofdrivers during driving and block distracting apps.

- IoT applications can also be used to understand driver behaviour and coach drivers based

on how they are driving A recent area where IoT is being used is in the construction ofdriverless cars While it seems like something from the future, driverless cars are already

in the making These cars use advanced sensors and gyroscopes, all of which areconnected to cloud platforms and the internet

- Using this platform, the driverless car is able to data from a variety of sources which tellsthem about the traffic conditions as well as potholes, sharp turns, speed breakers andother useful information required for driving Driverless cars can be a perfect addition in aSmart City to ensure smooth traffic conditions

7 Waste Management:

- We are slowly moving into a world which takes waste creation seriously While manycompanies are moving away from non-biodegradable goods, it is important to manage thewaste already being generated IoT can bring a lot on the table to help with wastemanagement

- One of the IoT use cases is selecting the right route for garbage trucks IoT applicationscan notify truck drivers about filled dustbins and set a route for them so that they do nothave to waste time by exploring locations with empty dustbins IoT devices can also help

in developing Smart bins, that is, trash bins which can segregate waste into categories likeplastic, metal, glass or paper Bin-e, a Polish company, has already generated Smart WasteBins as one of the many IoT use cases related to waste management

8 Tackling Industrial Issues:

- Using IoT in the industrial sector is sometimes seen to be similar to the Industrialrevolution How can IoT help with Industries? In the manufacturing department, IoT can

be used in asset management and inventory management Implanting IoT in themanufacturing sector can help in tracking the efficiency of the systems being used, detectany errors in the machinery, detect causes of lack of efficiency, etc IoT in the industry canhelp in tackling unplanned downtime too

9 Supply Chain:

- If you are using Amazon or Swiggy, you might be aware of the tracking system they use totrack the delivery of your goods Supply chains have been using IoT applications for quitesome time It has helped suppliers to track goods in transit as well as get immediatecustomer feedback with the help of a rating system IoT systems can also help the supplier

or drivers to preserve the goods better during transit by communicating informationabout temperature and pressure that the item is being preserved in Hence, IoT canoptimize workflow by improving the supply chain transit

 IoT example:

- INSTEON:

Figure 1: INSTEON.

 Location: Los Angeles, California

 How they’re using IoT: In addition to controlling lighting and appliances, Insteon

lets users monitor windows, doors, water leaks, smoke and more via sensors

 Industry impact: Ever gone on vacation and wondered if you left a window open

for thieves and rain to breach? With Insteon, you'll know if that's actually the case

so you can return home or call a neighbor to shut it

- EYELOCK:

Figure 2: EYELOCK.

 Location: New York, New York

 How they’re using IoT: Eyelock creates iris-based identity authentication technology.

It's suite of IoT products serves the automotive, financial, mobile and healthcaresectors

 Industry impact: Eyelock recently integrated its embedded iris recognition technology

into ViaTouch Media's vending solution VICKI

- SIMPLISAFE:

Figure 3: SIMPLISAFE.

 Location: Boston, Massachusetts.

 How it's using IoT: SimpliSafe makes wireless/cellular home security systems that are

disaster-ready, protected against power outages, operate on extra-secure networks andemploy deep encryption

 Industry impact: The company's Glassbreak Sensors can differentiate between types of

shattering — say, a broken bottle versus a broken window pane

2 Review standard architecture, frameworks, tools, hardware and APIs available for use in IoT development (P2)

2.1 Architecture of Internet of Things (IoT):

Internet of Things (IoT) technology has a wide variety of applications and use of Internet of Things isgrowing so faster Depending upon different application areas of Internet of Things, it worksaccordingly as per it has been designed/developed But it has not a standard defined architecture ofworking which is strictly followed universally The architecture of IoT depends upon its functionalityand implementation in different sectors Still, there is a basic process flow based on which IoT is built

So here in this article we will discuss basic fundamental architecture of IoT i.e., 4 Stage IoTarchitecture

Figure 4: Stage IoT architecture.

So, from the above image it is clear that there is 4 layers are present that can be divided as follows:Sensing Layer, Network Layer, Data processing Layer, and Application Layer

These are explained as following below

 Sensing Layer

o Sensors, actuators, devices are present in this Sensing layer These Sensors or Actuatorsaccepts data(physical/environmental parameters), processes data and emits data overnetwork.

 Network Layer

o Internet/Network gateways, Data Acquisition System (DAS) are present in this layer DASperforms data aggregation and conversion function (Collecting data and aggregating datathen converting analog data of sensors to digital data etc) Advanced gateways whichmainly opens up connection between Sensor networks and Internet also performs manybasic gateway functionalities like malware protection, and filtering also sometimesdecision making based on inputted data and data management services, etc

 Data processing Layer

o This is processing unit of IoT ecosystem Here data is analyzed and pre-processed beforesending it to data center from where data is accessed by software applications oftentermed as business applications where data is monitored and managed and furtheractions are also prepared So here Edge IT or edge analytics comes into picture

 Application Layer

o This is last layer of 4 stages of IoT architecture Data centers or cloud is managementstage of data where data is managed and is used by end-user applications like agriculture,health care, aerospace, farming, defense, etc

2.2 What is the IoT Framework?

IoT (Internet of Things) framework is a key part of a large IoT ecosystem, which promotes and links allelements in the scheme It allows device management, handles communication protocols on softwareand hardware, collects / analyses information, improves information flow and intelligent appsfunctionality

IoT (Internet of Things) is a network of devices which are connected to the internet for transferringand sensing the data without much human intervention, the framework used to this is termed as the IoTframework, this framework consists all the required capabilities for the cloud support and other needswhich is needed to satisfy the IoT technology, few of the common IoT frameworks that are usedfrequently are KAA IoT, Cisco IoT Cloud Connect, ZETTA IoT, SAP IoT, IBM Watson, Hewlett PackardEnterprise, etc

 List of IoT Framework:

Now we will discuss the IoT Framework one by one

 KAA IoT

Kaa IoT is one of the most effective and rich Open Source Internet of Things Cloud Platforms, whereanyone can freely implement their smart product concepts You can manage an N number of devices

connected to each other with cross-device interoperability on this platform You can monitor yourmachine in actual time by providing and configuring remote devices Kaa enables information exchangebetween linked devices, the IoT Cloud, information and visualization systems, as well as other elements

of IoT Ecosystems

 Cisco IoT Cloud Connect

Cisco IoT Cloud Connect provides robust, automated, and highly secure connectivity for theenterprise IoT data management is done by the Cisco Kinetic IoT platform to extract, move and computethe data As Cisco is very famous for its security services, it protects IoT deployment against threats with

a secure IoT architecture

 ZETTA IoT

Zetta is nothing but a server-oriented platform developed based on the REST, NodeJS, and the Sirenhypermedia-API-strip flow-based reactive programming philosophy After being abstracted as REST APIsthey are connected with cloud services These internet services include tools for visualizing machineanalytics and support such as Splunk It builds a gero-distributed network through connectivity withsystems like Heroku to endpoints like Arduino and Linux hackers

[ CITATION edu20 \l 1033 ]

2.3 Hardware:

IoT Hardware includes a wide range of devices such as devices for routing, bridges, sensors etc TheseIoT devices manage key tasks and functions such as system activation, security, action specifications,communication, and detection of support-specific goals and actions

IoT Hardware components can vary from low-power boards; single-board processors like the ArduinoUno which are basically smaller boards that are plugged into mainboards to improve and increase itsfunctionality by bringing out specific functions or features (such as GPS, light and heat sensors, orinteractive displays) A programmer specifies a board’s input and output, then creates a circuit design toillustrate the interaction of these inputs and outputs