Tài liệu SELF-TEACHING MANUAL (·MC· OPTION) pptx

With this operation, the tool moves to a point set by the manufacturer and the CNC synchronizes its position assuming the coordinates set by the manufacturer for that point, referred to

(REF 0607)

SELF-TEACHING MANUAL

(-MC- OPTION)

(Ref 0607)

All rights reserved No part of this documentation may be copied, transcribed,

stored in a data backup system or translated into any language without Fagor

Automation's explicit consent

The information described in this manual may be modified for technical reasons

FAGOR AUTOMATION S COOP Reserves the right to modify the contents of

this manual without having to communicate such modifications

The commercial trademarks belong to their respective owners

FAGOR 2

The content of this manual and its validity for the product described here has been verified Even so, involuntary errors are possible, thus no absolute match is guaranteed Anyway, the contents of the manual is periodically checked making and including the necessary corrections in a future edition

The examples described in this manual are for learning purposes Before using them in industrial applications, they must be properly adapted making sure that the safety regulations are fully met.

1.5 Setting the DarÌ Z@FO ne nr HH tk TH KT ket 8

1.6 Work UnIÌS nh KHE kg Ki ki KT TK K kk K Ki 9

THEORY ON TOOLS

2.1 The †ool chang@ ch HH Khen KĐT TH kh 13

2.2 The tool †tabl@ ‹c c CĐ ĐT HT n EEn Enng k kK KK EEK EEK ki Ekk kk ki ĐK EEE EEEkt 14 2.3 Tool calibra†ÏOn ‹‹- cc n ST HH KT Ki KĐT kh kh kh 16

MANUAL PRACTICE

3.1 Description of the screen and the keyboard Tnhh HH HH 21

3.1.1 Keyboard descriplion chén nn i kh TH kh 22 3.1.2 Description of the siandard screen -.- SH HH HH tk kku 24 3.1.3 Description of the auxiliary screen ch nen kh 25

3.3 E001 27

3.3.1 Si0 s0 cu NON (a4 28

3.4 JOGGING the AXES ẻẻẻ.e(cdđäa 29

3.4.1 Handwheels SH HH nhe HE KĐT tk kku 30

3.4.2 JOGGING 00 eaddađ 31 3.4.3 Moving an axis to a coordinal© ch nh hen kh tk rex 32 3.5 Kole) Ie: <5 an 33 3.5.1 Tool change posiiiOn errr KH KT khe He 34

3.5.2 Iseei› so nh a6a: 35

3.5.3 How to change any data of the tool table -c nh nh nh re 38

3.5.4 Checking for proper calibrafiOn c- nnnnnnnnHnnnnnnHH HH TT KT ket 39

SUMMARY OF WORK CYCLES

5.1 Profile milling operatiOn .- c SH nen ie i kg tk HH tk KT ru 61 5.2 Surface milling and slot milling operation - - nh khe heo 62

5.3 Pocket cycle with a prOfil@ ir ki kh kh 63

5.4 Rectangular and circular boss cycÌ@S -c ch nHHHH HH Hi khhdờ 64 5.5 Rectangular and circular pocke† cycl©sS HH HH khu 65 5.6 le 0190119 11 5 ia ier ete neeeee es 67 5.7 Boring Operation, 00 rr nr Hành TH KH KT KH KH 68 5.8 Reaming opera†ÏOn cánh nh nh Hành TH KT TH KT chu 69

5.9 IEll9huslee- ¡9 0n (caaăăăăă ốẽ 70

5.10 Driling and center punching operation ch HH HH kh 71

5.11 Multiple positioning in several locafiOnS ác nen nh Hee 73

5.12 Multiple positioning in a straight lỉne - nh HH kh ven 74

5.13 Multiple positioning in an arG c TH Tnhh TH kh kh hy 75 5.14 Multiple positioning in a rectangular patfern - cà kén nh HH iu 76 5.15 Multiple positioning in a grid pafern Lén TH HH khe ch ko 77 5.16 xo; ° nen KG (dd 78

CONVERSATIONAL PART PROGRAMS

6.1 What is a conversational par†-prograIm2 tee nh» nen kh 81

FAGOR =)

-MC- Option

FAGOR =)

-MC- Option

APPENDIX

6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8

Editing & par†-program - etter nee Hành nh TT nen chu 82

Modifying a par†-Drogram nn khe nh tk kh 85

Simulating/executing an opera†iOn nh nhờ 89 Simulating/executing a par†-program Tnhh HH HH khu 90 Simulating/executing a part-program starting with an operation 91

Copying a part-program into another one ác chen Hee 92

Deleting a new par† DrOgram - ne ri ee ri HH HH tk khu 93 PROGRAMMING EXAMPLE

THEORY ON CNC MACHINES

How are the machine axes named?

What do machine reference zero and part zero mean’

What is "home search"?

What are travel limits?

How is a part zero preset?

Which are the work units?.

Yt

The machine uses two movements: the carriage movements and the tool movement When programming movements, we will assume that it is always the tool the one

1.2 Machine reference zero and part zero

They are the references that the machine needs to work

It is set by the operator It is the part's origin point, used as reference

to program the movements It may be preset anywhere on the part

—————— ® M C ° O pt on THEORY ON CNC MACHINES 1

1.3 Home search

When the CNC is off, the axes may be moved manually or unintentionally When that happens, the CNC loses the actual position

of the axes, that's why it is recommended (although not necessary) to do a "home search" when the turning the CNC on With this operation, the tool moves to a point set by the manufacturer and the CNC synchronizes its position assuming the coordinates set by the manufacturer for that point, referred to machine reference zero

Machine reference: It is the point to which the tool moves in a home search

NOTE: With the new feedback devices (distance-coded reference marks - lo -), itis possible to know the position of the axes

by just moving them a very short distance This does away with the concept of machine reference

FAGOR =) SELF-TEACHING MANUAL

6

—————— ® M C ° O pt on THEORY ON CNC MACHINES 1

1.4 Travel limits

This type of machines have two types of travel limits:

e Physical limits They are set by the machine to prevent the carriages from going off its ways (cams and mechanical stops)

e CNC limits They are set by the manufacturer at the CNC to prevent the carriages from running into the physical travel limits

—— -MC Option

1.5 Setting the part zero

The part zero is set on all three axes

THEORY ON CNC MACHINES 1

When machining several parts, the distance from machine

reference zero (Oy) to the part is different for each of them

It would require running a program for each part When

programming from a part Zero (Op), itis irrelevant where the

Feedrate of the axes

The axis feedrate (F) is programmed in mm/min (inches/min)

SELF-TEACHING MANUAL

—————— ® M C ° O pt on THEORY ON CNC MACHINES 1

THEORY ON TOOLS

How is the tool change managed?

What is the tool table and what data does it contain? What is tool calibration?

Defects due to errors in the tool table.

—————— -MC.- Option THEORY ON TOOLS 2

2.1 The tool change

The tools to be used by the CNC may be located in a magazine of the machine Depending on whether the machine has a magazine or not, the tool change will be done differently:

e lf the machine does not have a tool magazine, the tools must be changed manually (line on a conventional machine)

e If the machine has a tool magazine, the CNC will change the tools automatically

FAGOR =) SELF-TEACHING MANUAL

13

—————— -MC.- Option THEORY ON TOOLS 2

2.2 The tool table

This table keeps the data related to the tools When changing a tool, the CNC assumes the data defined in the table for that tool

The data included in the table is:

e-T- Tool number

e -D- Offset associated with the tool

The offset defines the tool dimensions

Tool length

Tool radius

Tool radius wear

ACD Tool length wear

—————— -MC.- Option THEORY ON TOOLS 2

Machining time or the number of operations that the tool can carry out

-A- Available tool

-E- Expired tool (worn out, "real life" > "nominal life")

-R- Tool rejected by the PLC

When requesting an expired (worn out) or rejected tool, the CNC looks for a tool that belongs to the same family If there

is one, it will select it and if not, it will show the corresponding error message

FAGOR =) SELF-TEACHING MANUAL

15

-Z2- Wrong length Part with the wrong dimensions

Tools calibrated wrong Tools calibrated properly

FAGOR =)

MANUAL PRACTICE

Description of the screen and the keyboard

How to do a home search

Working with the spindle

Ways to jog the axes (handwheels, continuous jog, incremental jog)

Tools.

-MC- Option

MANUAL PRACTICE 3

3.1 Description of the screen and the keyboard

On power-up, the CNC shows the following screen

If the CNC does not show this screen, the CNC may be in -M- mode

To go into -MC- mode, press the following keys

SHIFT ESC

1- Keys to define the machining operations

2- Keys for external devices

3- Alphanumeric keys and command keys

—— -MC Option

MANUAL PRACTICE 3

Operator panel description

Jog keyboard for manual movement of Selecting the turning direction of the spindle

[ - | Percentage variation of the spindle speed

3- Tool position referred to the part zero and to home Real spindle rom

4 Axis feedrate and percentage applied

MANUAL PRACTICE 3

3.1.3 Description of the auxiliary screen

‘4 Changing the screen

IR <: 000000;00;

3- Blocks of the program currently selected

4 Information of the axes Target position of the movement (COMMAND), current axis position (ACTUAL), remaining distance (REST) and the difference between the theoretical position and the real position (FOLLOWING ERROR)

5- Spindle information Programmed theoretical feedrate, actual (real) feedrate and following error (axis lag)

6- Active G and M functions

Number of consecutive parts executed with the program (PARTC), part execution time (CYTIME) and PLC timer

-MC- Option MANUAL PRACTICE 3

3.2 Home search

After powering the machine up, it is recommended to home the axes just in case they have been moved while the machine was turned off There are two ways to do a home search

The home search is carried out on all the axes at the same Each axis is homed separately The CNC does not keep the time, according to a subroutine pre-established by the part zero

manufacturer The CNC keeps the part zero

The CNC shows the coordinates referred to machine zero

(OM) considering the tool dimensions

The CNC shows the coordinates referred to part zero (Op)

considering the tool dimensions

FAGOR =)

[A] Turning direction

CAMA I Active spindle range (gear)

œ Spindle clockwise Clockwise

STOP Stops the spindle

fa) Spindle counterclockwise Counterclockwise

mm | — | Increase or decrease the percentage of spindle speed

FAGOR =) SELF-TEACHING MANUAL

27

————— ® M C ° O pt on MANUAL PRACTICE 3

3.3.1 Speed ranges (gears)

The machine may use a gear box Use these gears to select the best motor torque for the programmed speed It is recommended to always work at constant power to extend tool life

For a work speed between N1 and N2, use GEAR 1

For a work speed between N2 and N3, use GEAR 2

FAGOR =) SELF-TEACHING MANUAL

28

— “‹|\Ì C ° O pt Ï on MANUAL PRACTICE

3

3.4 Jogging the axes

The axes may be jogged using the jog keyboard or handwheels

Use the selector switch to select the type of feed

Movement with handwheels ©

————— ® M C ° O pt on MANUAL PRACTICE 3

3.4.1 Handwheels

e Use the selector switch to select the type of feed

(10) Movement: 10 microns

(100) | Movement: 100 microns

e lf the machine has 1 handwheel

Select an axis using the JOG keys The machine moves the axis as the handwheel is being turned

e lf the machine has 2 or more handwheels

The machine moves one axis with each handwheel

FAGOR =) SELF-TEACHING MANUAL

30

————— ® M C ° O pt on MANUAL PRACTICE 3

3.4.2 Jogging

Incremental jog Continuous jog

Every time a jog key is pressed, the axes move the selected While a jog key is kept pressed, the axes move at the increment and at the programmed feedrate (in rapid if F=0) selected feedrate, considering the selected percentage (0%

e Use the selector switch to select the type of feed to 120%)

e Enter the desired feedrate

CY ` e Use the selector switch to select the type of feedrate and

^ a ¢ Jogging the axes with the jog keyboard

=> e lf the rapid key is pressed while jogging the axes, they will

| Q |= là | move at the maximum feedrate possible (set by the

————— ® M C ° O pt on MANUAL PRACTICE 3

3.4.3 Moving an axis to a coordinate

The [START] key may be used to move an axis to a particular coordinate Proceed as follows:

On the standard screen, select the axis to be moved

Enter the target coordinate for the axis

Machine with manual tool changer

The change is done like on a conventional machine

1- Change the tool on the machine

2- Press the [T] key

3- Enter the tool number for the CNC to assume the

data of the new tool

4 4-Press [START]

Machine with automatic tool changer

The CNC manages the tool change

a 1- Press the [T] key

2-Enter the tool number

1} 3- Press [START]

4- The CNC changes the tool and assumes the data

of the new tool

FAGOR =) SELF-TEACHING MANUAL

33

-MC- Option

3.5.1 Tool change position

The manufacturer may let the operator select a point where the tool change will take place

ENTER

FAGOR =) SELF-TEACHING MANUAL

35

Œ

Work mode —> TOOL CALIBRATION *[o9044.000-| F-14000) <— | cutting conditions

YL 09922003 ] 8L 150 ]

FAMILY [Lo] STATUS