Tài liệu Module 9: Using Calculated Cells pdf

In addition, the module reviews how calculated cells differ from calculated members and custom member formulas.. If the dimension is shared, write-enabled, or child—then you do not need

Contents

Overview 1

Lab A: Creating a Calculated Cells Formula 17

Review 20

Module 9: Using Calculated Cells

products, people, characters, and/or data mentioned herein are fictitious and are in no way intended

to represent any real individual, company, product, or event, unless otherwise noted Complying with all applicable copyright laws is the responsibility of the user No part of this document may

be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, for any purpose, without the express written permission of Microsoft Corporation If, however, your only means of access is electronic, permission to print one copy is hereby granted

Microsoft may have patents, patent applications, trademarks, copyrights, or other intellectual property rights covering subject matter in this document Except as expressly provided in any written license agreement from Microsoft, the furnishing of this document does not give you any license to these patents, trademarks, copyrights, or other intellectual property

 2000 Microsoft Corporation All rights reserved

Microsoft, BackOffice, MS-DOS, Windows, Windows NT, <plus other appropriate product

names or titles Replace this example list with list of trademarks provided by copy editor Microsoft is listed first, followed by all other Microsoft trademarks in alphabetical order > are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the U.S.A and/or other countries

Content developed by OLAP Train, Inc for Microsoft Corporation and distributed under license The names of companies, products, people, characters, and/or data mentioned herein are fictitious and are in no way intended to represent any real individual, company, product, or event, unless otherwise noted

Other product and company names mentioned herein may be the trademarks of their respective owners

Instructor Notes

In this module, students learn how to work with calculated cells in Microsoft®SQL Server™ 2000 Analysis Services Calculated cells are a method of applying multidimensional expressions (MDX) in an extremely sophisticated fashion within a cube In addition, the module reviews how calculated cells differ from calculated members and custom member formulas

After completing this module, students will be able to:

! Retrieve revenues from the Sales cube by using the LookupCube function

Materials and Preparation

This section provides you with the required materials and preparation tasks that are needed to teach this module

Required Materials

To teach this module, you need the following materials:

! Microsoft PowerPoint® file 2093A_09.ppt

Preparation Tasks

To prepare for this module, you should:

! Read all of the materials for this module

! Read the instructor notes and margin notes

! Practice the lecture and demonstration

! Complete the labs

! Review the Teacher Preparation materials on the Teacher Preparation compact disc

Presentation:

45 Minutes

Labs:

15 Minutes

Instructor Setup for Group Activities and Labs

This section provides setup instructions that are required to prepare the instructor computer or classroom configuration for group activities and labs All group activities and labs use the same database setup, which requires restoring a database archive

! To prepare for group activities and labs

In this procedure, you restore the Market database, which is a cab file type

1 Start Analysis Manager

2 In the left pane, expand the Analysis Services folder

3 Expand the Server icon and verify that the Market database does not exist

4 Right-click the Server icon, and then click Restore Database

5 Navigate to the C:\Moc\2093A\Batches folder

6 Select Market.cab, click Open, and then click Restore

If the Market database already exists from a previous group exercise or lab,

and cubes within the database contain extraneous information, you can return

the Market database and its cubes to a beginning position by either:

Deleting any calculated members that were created in a specific cube, and then saving the cube

- or - Repeating the preceding restore database procedure

1 Can the LookupCube function retrieve a value from a different database?

No The cube must be in the same database If you use linked cubes, you can technically get values from a cube that is on another server, but it still must be linked to the same cube

2 Do you have to process a cube after adding a custom member formula?

Generally, yes If the dimension is shared, write-enabled, or child—then you do not need to process the cube after adding a custom member formula Otherwise, if the dimension is private, not write- enabled, or not parent-child, you must perform an incremental update

parent-on the dimensiparent-on and process the cube using at least the refresh optiparent-on

3 Can a custom member formula refer to the value of a calculated member?

Yes A custom member formula can use any MDX expression that is meaningful in the context of the cube

4 Can a LookupCube formula refer to the parent of the current member? Yes, but it won’t happen automatically In order to use the Parent function—or some other member function—you must construct a string that pieces together the unique name of the member with the rest

Module Strategy

Major sections of this module begin with or include a group activity followed

by review lecture and then labs The following are guidelines for delivering materials in the context of group activities:

! Using group activities to introduce new content You often introduce new concepts or functionality while delivering the procedures in a group activity as a live demonstration For example, you may present a new MDX function by showing first its construction and then its result set as an actual calculated member formula or in a query statement Use the topic slides that follow the group activity as a review of the

content—for example, the syntax of a specific function

! Interaction with students

A group activity flows best when you deliver it as a shared exploration Ask students such questions as: “What would happen if we…?” “Why did this happen?” “Was that what you expected?” Encourage students to ask you questions about the functions being tested

! Students follow along

In some cases, you may want to encourage students to follow your live demonstration on their own computers This practice works best for simpler group activities or for a group activity that is not replicated by a later lab

It is not a problem if a student does not follow your demonstration, or if a student starts following and then stops before the group activity is completed There is no file or structure dependency between group activities

or between a group activity and a later lab

! Lab replication of group activity The exercises in the labs closely follow the group activity procedures but do not define each step or show the code answer Encourage students to write and test the MDX expressions on their own, referring back to the group activity procedures for clarification Students may also refer to answer files, which are available for each procedure in an exercise

Labs are generally more challenging when students have not followed the instructor on their own computers during the group activity However, many students benefit from the two hands-on experiences of following the group activity and then completing the labs

! Answer files for group activities Where applicable, answer files are provided for each procedure in group activities If necessary to facilitate your demonstration, copy and paste the correct expression from the answer file into the Calculated Member Builder

Use the following additional strategies to present this module:

! Using Calculated Cells

Teach how to use the LookupCube function, which retrieves a value from a

different cube Then review calculated value types, comparing them with calculated members, custom members, and calculated cells Further explain the member source and formula scope for calculated members, custom members and calculated cells

Overview

! Using Calculated Cells

In this module, you will learn how to work with calculated cells in Microsoft®SQL Server™ 2000 Analysis Services Calculated cells are a method of applying multidimensional expressions (MDX) in an extremely sophisticated fashion within a cube In addition, the module reviews how calculated cells differ from calculated members and custom member formulas

After completing this module, you will be able to:

! Retrieve revenues from the Sales cube by using the LookupCube function

In this module, you will learn

about calculated cells and

how to use them

# Using Calculated Cells

! Group Activity: Creating a Custom Member Formula

! Group Activity: Creating a Calculated Cells Formula

The group activities introduce the use of a custom member formula to provide special handling for an entire member and the use of a custom cell formula to provide special handling for any number of specified members

The following topics follow the two group activities:

! LookupCube Function This topic describes how to use the LookupCube function, which retrieves

a value from a different cube

! Calculated Value Types This topic summarizes the key differences among calculated members, custom member formulas, and calculated cells

! Member Source This topic provides more detail about one of the key difference between types of calculated values—the source of the members that use the formula

! Formula Scope This topic provides more detail about the other key difference between types

of calculated values—the scope of the formula

Topic Objective

To introduce the first

problem for the module—

how to retrieve selected

values from a different cube

Briefly explain the bullets on

this diamond slide to provide

context for the upcoming

group activity in which the

items are functionally

demonstrated

Group Activity: Creating a Custom Member Formula

In this group activity, you may follow along on your own computer with your instructor or observe the demonstration

You will learn how to create a custom member formula to look up the Actual values for Revenue from the Sales cube

! To review existing Revenue values in the Finance cube

In this procedure, you browse the data in the Revenue member of the Account

dimension

1 In the Analysis Manager, open the Market database, right-click the Finance cube, click Edit, and then click the Data tab

The Finance cube contains the following three dimensions:

• The Scenario dimension contains the members Actual and Budget

• The Time.Calendar dimension contains calendar years, quarters, and

months

• The Account dimension is a parent-child dimension that includes an

income statement hierarchy

In this section, you will focus on the Revenue member of the Account dimension For the Actual scenario, the Revenue value should come from the Sales cube For the Budget scenario, the Revenue value is stored in the fact table Start by looking at the Revenue value for the Budget scenario

Topic Objective

To learn the use of a custom

member formula to provide

special handling for a

member

Lead-in

Let us see what happens

when we create a custom

member formula to look up

the Actual Revenue value

from the Sales cube

Delivery Tip

Important: This section does

not have a lab that follows it

It is intended as a review of

administrative material that

the students should already

have been exposed to If

students are not familiar

with custom member

formulas, you may want to

proceed slowly and

encourage them to follow

along in the group activity

2 In the Scenario dimension drop-down list, click the Budget scenario, and then expand the Net Profit node and the Gross Profit node

The Revenue value for All Time is 91,200 This is the sum of all the monthly budgets over 1997 and 1998 Revenue values for Budget were

generated during the same planning process as all the other budget numbers and were then loaded into the cube from the fact table when the cube was processed

3 In the Scenario dimension list, click the Actual scenario

The Revenue value is blank Revenue for the Actual scenario are not stored

in the same fact table as the balance of the financial information, but they

can be derived from the Sales cube

The Revenue member is simply one member of the Account dimension It

requires special handling—that is, you must treat it differently from the

other members You can use the LookupCube function to retrieve the revenue values from the Sales cube, but Revenue is the only member that should use the LookupCube function

One way to treat a single member differently from the rest of the dimension

is to use a custom member formula With a custom member formula, the formula for a single member can be stored in the dimension table In the

Account dimension table, there is already a column that contains the appropriate formula for the Revenue member

4 To display source tables in the right pane, click the Schema tab, in the Account table, right-click the caption, click Browse Data, and then widen the window as needed to see the entire Formula column

The Formula column contains a LookupCube formula for the Revenue member The LookupCube formula has two string arguments: the first is

the name of the cube and the second is a tuple—it can be a partial tuple—that designates the cell to retrieve

Any dimension not included in the tuple uses the current member of the dimension If a dimension in the source cube does not exist in the current cube, the tuple uses the default member of the dimension unless you specify otherwise

! To create a new custom member formula for Revenue

In this procedure, you create a custom member formula

1 Close the Browse Data window, in the left pane cube tree, expand the Account dimension, and then click the Account Id level In the Properties pane, click the Advanced tab, click the Custom Member property, and then click the ellipsis (…) button

You can edit the properties of the Account dimension in the Cube Editor

because it is a private dimension

2 In the Define Custom Member Column dialog box, select the Enable Custom Members check box Select the Use an existing column option, ,

in the Existing column list, click Formula, and then to close the dialog box click OK

! To write-enable the Account dimension

In this procedure, you write-enable the Account dimension so that you can

change the member formula directly from the Cube Editor

1 Click the Account dimension, on the Advanced tab of the Properties pane, click the Write-enabled property, and then in the list click True

2 Click Save, when warned that one or more private dimensions will be updated, click Yes, and then close the log window

3 Click Process Cube, and when asked to design storage, click No, click Full Process, click OK, and then close the log window

! To create a new custom member formula for Revenue

In this procedure, you create a custom member formula for Revenue by using the LookupCube function

1 In the dimension tree in the left pane of the Cube Editor, right-click the

Account dimension, and then click Browse

2 Expand the All Account, Net Profit, and Gross Profit members, and then select the Revenue member

3 In the Custom Member Formula box, type the formula

LookupCube(“Sales”,”[Sales Dollars]”) Be sure to type quotation marks around each argument

4 Click Close, and then when prompted to save the dimension changes, click Yes

5 Click Save, when warned that one or more private dimensions will be updated, click Yes, and then close the log window

6 Click Process Cube, when asked to design storage click No, click Full Process, click OK, and then close the log window

! To review the results of the custom member formula for Revenue

In this procedure, you view the results of the custom member formula

1 To browse the cube in the right pane, click the Data tab, and then make sure that Actual is the Scenario