Bhadeshia The supervisor will read only two drafts: the first of individual chapters, and the second of the complete thesis.. Consequently, do not submit revised chapters until the com
Trang 1Thesis Guidelines
NỘI DUNG
Preparation of thesis - Chuẩn bị cho viết luận văn
Typical timetable - Mẫu thời gian tham khảo hữu ích
Literature review - Khái quát và tổng kết lý thuyết
How to get a Ph.D - Làm thế nào để hoàn thành 1 luận văn tiến sỹ
Preparation of thesis
Notes on Preparation of CPGS and Ph.D theses H K D H Bhadeshia
The supervisor will read only two drafts: the first of individual chapters, and the second of the complete thesis Consequently, do not submit revised chapters until the complete thesis draft is ready
A careful and COMPLETE first draft will lead to rapid progress Get someone to proof read your work before submission to the supervisor The supervisor can then focus on the science instead of trivial mistakes
Drafts should be submitted in double line spacing to allow space for comments
Style and presentation are important but the contents really matter
Computer programs should be presented in the MAP format
Publication of work is a good thing before writing a thesis A paper, when
incorporated into a thesis, must be modified to ensure continuity and context It should be readable and gentle in its introduction compared with a journal paper
Better English
Avoid frequent repitition of words or phrases To specify a rotation, one rotation axis is not enough; the sense of rotation must be specified can be expressed better
by writing The transformation also requires a specification of the sense of
rotation
Avoid being personal Let us look at an example… is expressed better as
Consider an example… The phrase We can also use a single row… can be written A single row… can also be used
Text making an excessive use of abbreviations lacks clarity
Common Mistakes
1 No excuse for spelling mistakes - use SPELLCHECK
2 Inconsistency of notation The thesis must share a common terminology, best ensured by using a nomenclature list
Trang 23 There should be a gap after a full stop or a comma Accredited abbreviations found in the Oxford English Dictionary (such as Ph.D.) do not have gaps after full stops; initials in names must be separated by spaces (A N Other)
4 There are no spaces after an opening bracket or before a closing bracket
5 Include titles in the reference list
6 Inadequate referencing
7 Left quotation marks are not the same as right quotation in TeX
8 There is a thin-space between numerals and units (e.g 45 MPa) The units
themselves are in roman font Use strict SI convention For example, there is a gap between MN and mm when writing MN mm Use exponents: MN mm-1 rather than MN/mm
9 Incorrect or unspecified units of concentration: Fe-10Ni % is not good enough e.g., use Fe-10Ni wt%
10 Experiments are reported in the past tense For example, length changes were
analysed
11 Abbreviations must be explained when first introduced (HAZ, TTT ?!)
12 Fig 4.2 not Fig.4.2; Table 5.1 not Table.5.1
13 Terms like “Fig 4.2″ should be on the same line
14 “Compared with” rather than “Compared to“
15 Plural of Datum is Data These data are excellent…
16 PROGRAMME of work as opposed to computer PROGRAM
17 Names of chemical elements do not begin with capitals unless at the beginning of
a sentence
18 All equations, tables, figures must be numbered
19 Figures must not be excessively large, and should be included in the text rather than at the end of chapters The font on scales and legends should be at least size
15 (Geneva) when the figure size is 1/3 of the page length
20 It is wrong to write a volume fraction as 20% The latter is a volume percent
21 Mathematical notation is in italics whether it occurs in the text or in equations Terms such as log, exp, sin are nevertheless in roman font even when in
equations Mathematical notation in figures should be the same as in the text
22 When presenting the results of computer programs, it is important to specify completely the inputs used to generate the outputs For example, it is dangerous to present a calculated phase diagram without specifying all the phases and
components accounted for in the analysis
23 ’software’ is plural Avoid using ’softwares’
Figures and Tables The notation on figures must correspond to that used in the text
There must not be information on figures which is not discussed in the text Units on diagrams must be SI Old diagrams with non-SI units must be redrawn Any diagrams obtained from the literature must be acknowledged even though they may have been redrawn, especially if the intellectual content of the diagram is not significantly modified Quantities plotted are dimensionless, so they should be divided by the units on the axis legends (e.g., distance / m) An example illustrating all the features is given below In that
figure, S V is a surface per unit volume ε i is a length
Trang 3Columns in tables should not be separated by vertical lines The recommended practice is
to omit such lines for clarity:
Hints
1 Appropriate use of references:
Trang 4o Use the Havard system to refer to articles in the text, as used in Progress in Materials Science article, 1985, vol 29, pp 321-386
o Try and put the reference at the end of the sentence in order to avoid breaking continuity
o Include article titles in your reference list
o Do not abbreviate Journal titles, unless using the international standard set
of abbreviations (found in the Scientific Periodicals Library)
o In the reference list, quote the page range (e.g., 321-386)
2 Ensure that all the work you have done is included in your thesis; negative results are also useful
3 Do your writing as you progress, rather than leaving it to the last minute
4 Micron markers should be placed on the micrographs, rather than on the page in the vicinity of the micrograph
5 Avoid the use of jargon Your work should be comprehensible to others in the Department Examples of jargon: “recrystallisation region”, “TMCP”, “HAZ”
6 Read and check your report at least twice before submission The thesis must not exceed, without the prior permission of the Degree Committee, 60,000 words, including tables, footnotes, bibliography and appendices, but excluding
photographs and diagrams
Results from Commercial Software Calculations using commercial software should be
presented with adequate detail to enable a reproduction of the results For example, when using MTDATA for phase diagram calculations, it is necessary to list the components and phases allowed, together with the name and version number of the computer program and database
Microanalytical Data Data collected using energy-dispersive X-ray analysis or similar
techniques should be quoted with error bars and an indication whether ZAF (atomic number, absorption, fluorescence) corrections have been made The spatial resolution should also be specified
Typical timetable
This timetable for the preparation of a Ph.D Thesis assumes that your interpretations are well advanced and that no difficulties arise during the construction of an overall view For example, further experiments and interpretation might become necessary Oversights like these are natural in research but can be minimised by publishing papers during the course of the work Theses which are not completed according to the official deadline will always have a lower priority from the supervisor
Discussion, tables, figures, refs etc 6 weeks
Trang 5Sub-total 1 17 weeks
Consultation with supervisor and others 1 week
Final typing, art work on figures,proof reading etc 3 weeks
Literature review
A good survey of the published literature can be thrilling:
1 It leads to an accumulation of knowledge, which is essential to reach the state of the art
2 It is possible to discover discrepancies which can help define new theories
3 The survey minimises the danger of repeating research through ignorance of work that has already been done
4 Chance favours the prepared mind (Pasteur)
Literature surveys take time and require some discipline They tend to gather momentum
as papers tend to refer to other relevant sources of information
The discipline might be that you spend a couple of hours each day studying and writing Allocate a time when you are likely to be most alert, and stick to this, no matter how many e-mail messages you might receive!
Deadlines are important, and you should plan your work so that your supervisor has sufficient time to study the survey, suggest amendments or more references before the final version has to be submitted
Students starting in October should submit their final versions to their supervisors by the
end of March It is good practice to get someone else to read the draft before submission
to your supervisor