LUẬN văn THẠC sĩ (KINH tế) ireland as a new destiny for brazilian nurses

rses Dissertationsubmittedinpartoffulfilmentoftherequirementsforthedegree ofMastersofBusinessAdministrationinProjectManagementatDublinBusines sSchool ThaisMartinsdaSilva10 372558... Thai

rses

Dissertationsubmittedinpartoffulfilmentoftherequirementsforthedegree ofMastersofBusinessAdministrationinProjectManagementatDublinBusines

sSchool

ThaisMartinsdaSilva10

372558

Thais Martins da Silva

Date

DECLARATION

I,ThaisMartins daSilva,declare thatthis researchis

myoriginalworkand thatithasneverbeenpresentedtoanyinstitutionoruniversityforthea

wardofDegreeorDiploma.Inaddition,Ihavereferenced

correctlyallliteratureandsourcesusedinthisworkand thiswork

isfullycompliant withtheDublinBusinessSchool’sacademichonestypolicy.

CHAPTERI -INTRODUCTION 8

Introduction 8

Background 9

RationaleoftheResearch 10

ResearchQuestion 11

Subquestions 11

ProblemStatement 12

Rationaleofthe Study 12

SignificanceoftheStudy 13

ResearchHypothesis 13

ResearchAimand Objectives 14

ResearchStructure 15

CHAPTERII–LITERATUREREVIEW 16

LiteratureIntroduction 16

Economic conditions 16

ComparisonbetweenBrazil andIreland’s lifeconditions 16

LivingAbroad 22

BraziliansandEnglishLanguageinMigration 25

Nursing sectorinBrazilandinIreland 31

Nursing sectorinBrazil 31

Nursing sector in Ireland 35

ShortageofnursesinIreland 38

Internationalsourcingofnursing professionals 39

Recruitmentmatters 40

Migrationofnurses: motivationand challenges 41

OverseasRegistrationprocessinIreland 43

RetentionintheNursing industry 48

Mediaon InternationalRecruitment 51

CHAPTERIII–RESEARCHMETHODOLOGY 54

MethodologyIntroduction 54

ResearchPhilosophy 55

ResearchApproach 56

ResearchStrategy 56

Sampling 56

DataCollection 57

DataAnalysis 57

TimeHorizon 57

ResearchEthics 58

ResearchLimitations 58

CHAPTERIV–DATAANALYSISANDFINDINGS 59

Introduction 59

Thequestionnaire 59

CHAPTERV–DISCUSSION 78

CHAPTERVI-CONCLUSIONSANDRECOMMENDATIONS 89

REFERENCES 94

APPENDIX 101

APPENDIXA–SELF-REFLECTION 101

APPENDIXB–SAMPLEQUESTIONNAIRE 105

APPENDIXC–CONSENTFORM 109

APPENDIXD–GROUPOFBRAZILIANNURSESIN IRELANDONFACEBOOK 110

APPENDIXE–SAMPLEOFTHEMANUALINPORTUGUESEFORNURSESBYTHERESEARCHER 111

APPENDIXF–JOBDESCRIPTION2018BYTHERESEARCHER 116

APPENDIXG–NMBI WEBSITE 121

Figure1:BetterLife Index–IrelandXBrazil 17

Figure2:PISA index 19

Figure3:Brazil BetterLifeIndex 21

Figure4:Ireland Better Life Index 21

Figure5:ExpatsProfile 24

Figure6:WorldRanking-EnglishLanguage 27

Figure7:BrazilEnglishLanguageRanking 28

Figure8:ClassCspending 29

Figure9:Nursesper1,000 inhabitantsin2017 37

Figure10:PathwaystomeetNMBIEnglishRequirements 44

Figure11: EnglishRequirementsNMBI 45

Figure12:NMBI'sfivesteps 46

Figure13:Outcomeof AssessmentNMBI 47

Figure14:ResearchMethodsTable 54

Figure15: GenderofRespondents 60

Figure16:Agecategoryof Respondents 61

Figure17:ProfessionofRespondents 62

Figure18: YearsofExperience ofRespondents 63

Figure19: International WorkExperience ofRespondents 64

Figure20: International Experience asaNurse of Respondents 65

Figure21: Reasons drivingNursesAbroad 66

Figure22: GoodReasons to Live inIreland 68

Figure23: HesitationofBrazilianstoGoAbroad 69

Figure24: ChallengesofAdaptation in Ireland 70

Figure25:AwarenessofRegistration Requirements 71

Figure26:EnglishLevelofRespondents 72

Figure27:RespondentsLivinginIreland 73

Figure28: Occupation of Respondents Living inIreland 74

Figure29: WorkingPlace ofRespondentsinIreland 75

Figure30:IncentivestoStarttheProcess 76

Figure31: Incentivestowork inIreland 77

Iwouldliketoexpressmyappreciationtomydissertationsupervisor,ShaunHayden,whosupportedm e duringther e s e a r c h processando f f e r e d valuableadviceo n m y r e s e a r c h

Immeasurableappreciationanddeepestgratitudeforthehelpandsupportareextendedt o thef o l l o w i n g personswhoinonewayo r anotherhavecontributedinm ak in g thisstudypossible

Allthelecturers whosharedtheirvaluableknowledgeduring this course

Myparents:AntoniaandRoberto,mysiblings:ThalitaandRoberto,andmynephewsO l i v e r andDimitri,w h o gav e m e thestrengthtofacethisinternationale x p e r i e n c e , evennotcomingbackhomefor 3 years.Thanksfamily for yourinsight,inspiration,wisdomandintellectualcapacity.Thanksforyourloveandsupport,nothingwouldbepossiblewithoutyourcare

Myfriends,Loruama,Femin,Nantha,Isabelle,Marcela,Diego,EmanuvelandBrunowhoboosted

m e morallyandprovidedmeg r e a t s u p p o r t whend o i n g thisresearchalsothroughtheyear,whowerealwaysreadytohelpintheharddaysandwerealwaysr e a d y to celebrateonmyachievements

KarthikSheelam,mybestfriend,whowaswithmeeverysinglesecond,keepingmehappyandstrong,whileIfacedsomanychallengesand loses during thisperiod

JaredGormly,whobelievesonmypotentialandhavebeenaninspirationformycareer

Inaddition,IwouldliketothankyoutoallparticipantsofmyinterviewfromBrazilandIreland

Thepurposeo f ther e s e a r c h topicistoevaluatethemotivationsthatwoulddriveB r a z i l i a

n nursestoimmigratetoIrelandforworking.ThefocusareBraziliannursesing e n e r a l , registered,techniciansandassistants,wholiveinBrazilornot.ThisgroupofprofessionalsalreadyshowsinterestonworkinginIrelandsincetheresearcherhavecontactedsomeoftheminherrecruitmentproject.However,therearebarrierssuchaslanguagewhichneedtobeovercome,andforthatthereisaneedofunderstandingthemotivationbehindthedesireofimmigratetoIrelandandwhataretheexpectationsandfears

Despite of the experienceofIreland inrecruitinginternationalnurses,Braziliannursesn e e d differentstrategies,sincetheydon’tspeakenoughEnglishingeneralandtheyarenotawareofthe opportunities

Theresearchstrategyusedinthisstudyisthequantitativemethod,samplingsizeof126people.ThenurseswereapproachedbyFacebookgroups,LinkedInandWhatsApp

Theaspectsexploredwasthedr iv er s of immigrationf or B r az ilian nurses,hesitationfactors,adaptationchallenges,Englishlevel,workexperience,

theeconomicsituationo f BrazilandIrelandandthe nursingsectorineachcountryamongothers

Thisresearchwillprovidevaluableinformationregardingthep r of il e ofnursesf r o m B r a z i

l andstrategiesofapproachfor thisspecificpublic

Keywords:B r a z i l i a n nurses,Brazilianeconomy,IrishEconomy,Shortageo f nurses,Inter

nationalrecruitment,Mediainrecruiting,nurseimmigration,migration,r e g i s t r a t i o n ofnurses, Living abroad

CHAPTERI-INTRODUCTION

Introduction

Themigrationofnursesishappeningforawhile,thereasonofthatistheshortageofprofessionalsinthenursingindustryandontheotherhandprofessionalsfromdevelopingcountrieswhoare

s e e k i n g f o r betterqualityo f l i f e Itisimportantt o understandthattheshortageisworldwide,anditmakesthedevelopedcountriesstarta “WarforTalent”wherethenurseswhoarepreparedcangetspaceandbetterqualityo f l i f e , andcountriesthatofferbetterpayr a t e s andw o r k conditionsg e t m o r e professionalsaddressingtheirshortage

Irelandisoneo f thecountriesthathavebeensourcingnursingprofessionalsi n developingcountries.Forfewyears itsfocushas been India, Philippines,AfricaamongotherEnglishspeakercountries.However,withthegreat numberofBrazilian immigrantsinIreland,consideringthatB r a z i l isalsof a c i n g a r e c e s s i o n duet o itspoliticalsituation,theideaofhiringBraziliannurseswasbroughttotheresearcherofthis study.BraziliansingeneralhaveintermediatelevelofEnglishorevennoneduetoitsweakteachingsystemofthelanguage.Thatwas

alreadyknownasoneofthebarriersbut,itisnecessarytounderstandf i r s t whatthemotivationsf o r B r a z i l i a n s w o u l d bet o overcomethebarriersandexploretheideaofworkinginIreland,tothenelaboratestrategiesand investonthisnew public

ThisresearchisconcentratedonthestudyofIrelandasbeinganewdestinyforBraziliannurses,comprehendingtheirmotivations,hesitations,expectations,worries,desiresandpresentingreasonswhyIrelandwouldbeagoodplaceforthem,consideringmainlyeconomicconditions,sinceassaidbefore,Brazilisfacingarecessionandthepoliticsarecurrentlyv e r y unstable.Ther e

s e a r c h alsobringss t r a t e g i e s f o r H S E andtherecruitmentprocessinIreland

Studieshaves h o w n thatf a c t o r s l i n k e d t o j o b prospects,s u c h asbetterworkingconditionsandqualityoflife,aresomeofthekeyissuesthatinfluencethemigrationo f healthprofessionals.T h e nursingprofessionalpopulationi n B r a z i l isoneo f thel a r g e s t intheCountry,aso f 2011censustherewere1 6 m i l l i o n registerednursingprofessionalsinBrazil.Over300,000wereprofessionalnurses,700,000werenursingtechnicians,andover500,000werefromnurseauxiliaries.Thenursingeducationisalsogaininginterestinthecountry,thenumberofpeopleenrolledforthenursingeducationhas doubled during the period 2004to2008(Silva,etal.,2016)

Canada,theUnitedStates,theUnitedKingdomandAustraliaforawhilehavebeenthetopdestinationcountriesforInternationalEducatedNurses(IENs).Internationalnurseshavebeenwidelyconsideredimportantasapotentialsolutionfor healthwork force shortagesi n developedcountries.Destinationcountriesarebenefitedf r o m g a i n i n g educatedandexperiencednursestofillthegapsintheirhealthsystem,ontheotherhandthesourcecountrieslosetheirvaluablehealthhumanresourcestimeaftertimeincreasing their alreadyexistingcriticalshortages(Covellet al., 2017)

Irelandisalsowellknownforthesourceofimmigrationtoothercountries,howeverthetrendisreversingintherecentyearsduetorelaxedimmigrationpoliciesandskillshortageofprofessionals.ThecountrieslikeGermanyandFrancewellknowninthelastf e w decadesinattractingtheimmigrantshaveregulatedtheimmigration,butthecountrieslikeIreland,SpainandGreecehavestartedattractingimmigrantsfromallo v e r theworld.ThepercentageofforeignbornnationalinIrelandhasincreasedfroml e s s than5 % toapproximatelyt o 20%duringthel a s t fourdecades.T h e increaseinimmigrationinIrelandwasprimarilyduetotheimpressiveeconomicgrowthrateofIreland,between1990to2008thecountry’saverageeconomicgrowthratewas4.7%.T h e secondimportantreasonwasshortageofskilledlaborsandtheimmigrationruleweremodifiedtofulfillthegapinskilledlabor(BustilloandAntón,2010)

considerablylesserthantherequirednumberofnursesinayear.Someo f ther e a s o n s f o r theshortageo f IrishnurseareAgeingpopulation,increaseinthecomplexityofhealthcaresystem,shortageoftrainedprofessionalsinsupportfunctionsl i k e Physiotherapy,a n d t h e i n

c r e a s e d burdeno f doctor’sresponsibilityr e s t r i c t i n g nurse’sp r o d u c t i v i t

y F r o m

t h e s u pplys i d e , thereistheattractiveopportunitiesavailablefortheIrishTrainednursesinothercountries.Itisalsoconvenientforthehealthcarerecruiterstorecruitfromothercountriessincetheexperiencednursesareavailableatashorternoticeandrelativelylowsalary(Humphries,Brugha,and McGee, 2008)

Historically,theBraziliannursesweren’tnotthetargetmarketfortheIrelandrecruitmentagencies.Forinstance,in2015and2016,thetopfivecountriesfromwhichtheHSEs o u r c e s thenursesa r e India,Philippines,andPakistan(NMBI,2017).T h e nursing shortagecrisisinIreland providedanopportunityfortheeducatedBraziliantolooktomigratetoIrelandasthepay andlivingconditionsare perceivedtobebetter

CurrentlyBraziliansalreadyhavebeenmigratingtoIreland,foreign-bornpeoplenowmakeupjustmorethan17%ofthepopulation,at810,406peoplewhereonethefastest-

growinggroupswereB r a z i l i a n s (up6,498)afterR o m a n i a n s (up10,707)andbeforeSpanish(up 4,806)(Census2016,2017)

RationaleoftheResearch

Fewresearcheshaveconsideredandevaluatedthemigrationofnursesworldwidealsoitseffectonthedevelopedanddevelopingcountries.Themovementofprofessionalsf r o m Braziliscausedbytheloweconomicdevelopmentofcountryandregions,thedeficienciesinlivingconditions,andthelackofopportunitiesforprofessionaldevelopment.(Silvaetal., 2016).IrelandisbecomingadestinyformanyBrazilians,accordingtotheBrazilianEducational

&LanguageTravelAssociation(BELTA),Irelandwasthefourthmostsoughtcountryforstudentsandprofessionals.Thereasonforthatwasthequalityoflife,safety,localization,andthepossibilityofcombineworkandstudy(Maes,2018).

Fillingthisresearchcouldprovidemoreinformationonthereasons,expectationsandworriesofnursesfromBrazilwhentheyconsiderIrelandasnewdestinyofmigration

Inthefuture,theoutcomewillbeusefulfortheHealthServiceExecutive(HSE)andagenciestocreatestrategiesandmethodsofrecruitingnursesfromBrazil.Brazilian nursescouldalsousethestudytohelpintheiracknowledgmentaboutIrelandandtheopportunityofworkinginthecountry

ResearchQuestion

WhatwouldbethemotivationforBraziliannursestoimmigratetoIreland?

TheresearchquestionwillhelpustounderstandwhatthenursesfromBrazilareseekingfo r andifitwillbepossibletofulfilltheirexpectations.Itisconsideredthatthereisalreadyav er ystrongdesirefr om themsincether e s e a r c h e r worksasrecruiter inaprojectofrecruitingnursesfromBrazil,alsothereisdesirefromHSEdoexplorenewculturessuch

asBraziliansthanjustIndiansandPhilippines.Theprojectisongoingformorethan1year,andtherearealotofnursesinterestedonworkingabroad,inIreland.However,thereiss t i l l a g a p betweent h e recruitmentstrategyandthecandidateswhich needsto be studied

Subquestions

WhatarethebarriersforBraziliannursestoimmigratetocountrieslikeIreland?

ThereisclearlyanopportunityavailablefortheBraziliannursestomigratetoIrelands i n c e thereisaskillshortageinIrelandandthequalityofeducationinBrazilisalsoimprovingovertheyears.ButthenumberofBraziliansnursesmigratingtoIrelandisveryl o w e r comparedtoothercountries.T h i s questionwillf i n d o u t thebarrierstonurses’migrationfromBrazil,basedontheresearchoutcometherecruiterscanworktomitigatethebarriers

WhyIrelandwouldbeagoodcountryforBraziliannursestoworkabroad?

ThisquestionwillhelptherecruiterswhosourcingfornursesfromBraziltounderstandthereasonsthatmakeIrelandabetterplacetoliveandworkthanBrazil.Considering

ItisextremelyimportanttounderstandtherequirementstobecomearegisteredNurseinIreland,alltherulesandrequirementsaregivenbytheNursingandMidwiferyBoardinIreland(NMBI).Onceacknowledgedallthes t e p s , therecruitersandthefuturecandidateswillbeabletoplan

s t e p bystep,f o c u s ands t r e s s onlyo n thev a l u a b l e actions

TherearefewnursesfromBrazillivinginIreland,sowhataretheydoinginIrelandandwhyth eyareyettogetregistered?

IdentifyingfewnurseslivinginIrelandandunderstandingwhattheirrealityiswillhelptobuildstrongerstrategiestoensurethatBraziliannurseswillbeabletoachievetheirr e g i s t r a t i o n inan acceptableperiod,withoutdragging steps

ProblemStatement

TheIrishhealthsystem(HSE)isknownforitsshortageofhealthcareprofessionals,beingoneoftheemployersofprofessionalsofIndia,PhilippinesandNigeria.Currentlytherearethepossibilitytoalsoemploypeoplef r o m B r a z i l However,itseemsB r a z i l i a n peoplearenotreadyyettostarttheprocessofregistration,evensometimestheyarealreadylivingin Ireland

RationaleoftheStudy

Thes t u d y willf i l l theexistentg a p tounderstandtheexpectationsandworrieso n B r az il i

an nursesrelatedtomovingtoIreland forwork

Onceeliminatingthelackofinformation,therecruitmentofthisspecificpublicwillbemoreassertiveintermsofstrategiesonattraction,approaching,recruitmentstructureand retention.Ita l s o associatest h e r e s e a r c h e r ’ s aspirationsw i t h b e c o m i n g anInternationalHealthcareRecruiterinIreland,andaccordingly,in-

depthknowledgeo f B r a z i l i a n nurses’motivations inthis industryisgoingtocontributeher chances ofsuccess in herchosencareer pathandontheprojectwhichshealready holds

SignificanceoftheStudy

ThefindingsofthisstudywillredoundtobenefitofhealthcaresysteminIrelandandB r a z i l i

a n nurseswhoarelookingforinternationalexperiences.ThegreaterdemandofhealthcareprofessionalsinIrelandjustifiestheneedofdifferentstrategiesandsourceso f workforce.Thus,nurseswhoparticipateandunderstandtheoutcomeofthisresearchwillbeabletoacknowledgewhattoexpectfromworkinginIrelandandwhatarether e q u i r e m e n t s ofNMBItogetregistered.Thatsupportsthemontakingdecisionsandplanningtheirjourneyaccordingly.Agencieswillbeguidedonwhatshouldbeemphasizedintheapproachingtoattractandengagefuturecandidatesonthechallengeoftheregistrationprocess.Fortheres earcher, thestudywillhelphert ouncovercriticalinformationintherecruitmentofthisspecificgroupthathaven’tbeenexploredyet.Thus,newinformationandtheoryonrecruitmentpracticesofoverseascandidatesmay be arrived at Ireland