503 335w4 10 wood supply v1

Wood consumption and resources www.csaw.utas.edu.au Wood s product suite, properties and uses Content • Wood consumption • The base wood resource www.csaw.utas.edu.au KDA503/335 Tim

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Wood consumption and resources

www.csaw.utas.edu.au

Wood s product suite, properties and uses

Content

•  Wood consumption

•  The base wood resource

KDA503/335 Timber, its origin and characteristics

Wood consumption

internationally and nationally

Global wood consumption

•  Currently, annual wood consumption is estimated at about 3.5 billion m3

–  ~ 50% was used as fuel wood

•  In 2008, international trade in wood products was worth about US

$620b

PART 2 Adapting for the future 65

Global demand for wood products

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FIGURE 51 Sawnwood production

700

500

300

100 0 Million m 3

SOURCES: FAO, 2008a, 2008c.

1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

TABLE 22 Production and consumption of wood-based panels

Region Amount

(million m 3 ) Average annual change

(%)

Actual Projected Actual Projected

1965 1990 2005 2020 2030 1965–1990 1990–2005 2005–2020 2020–2030

Production

World 41 127 234 388 521 4.6 4.2 3.4 3.0 Consumption

World 42 128 241 391 521 4.6 4.3 3.3 2.9

NOTE : Data presented are subject to rounding.

SOURCES : FAO, 2008a; FAO, 2008c.

FIGURE 52 Global wood-based panel production

700

500

300

100 0 Million m 3

SOURCES: FAO, 2008a, 2008c.

1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 Africa Western and Central Asia

Asia and the Pacific Latin America and the Caribbean North America Europe

Africa Western and Central Asia Asia and the Pacific Latin America and the Caribbean North America Europe

Source: FAO 2009, 2010

Apparent solid wood and panel consumption

•  In 2010-11, Australia produced 6.42 million m3, exported 0.65

million m3, and imported 1.32 million m3 of solid wood and panel

products

•  Apparent consumption of solid wood and panel products was 7.2

million m3, ~ 0.323 m3 per person/annum

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

Sawnwood Plywood Particleboard MDF

Source: ABARE Australian Forest & Wood Product Statistics 2012

Primary point of consumption

•  The building sector consumes about 85%

of solid wood and panel products

~ 70-75% is used in the housing sector, mainly Class 1 building

~ 10-15% is used in the non-residential sector

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Consumption pattern: sawn wood

of boards

Source: ABARE 2010, Australian Forest and Wood Products Statistics

Consumption of local and imported wood

Australia, 88.2%

Canada, 1.6%

Czech Republic, 1.3% New Zealand, 5.2%

Source: ABARE 2008, Australian Forest and Wood Products Statistics

Australia, 92.2%

New Zealand, 4.4% Other, 1.8%

Germany, 1.6%

Australia 67%

Chile 1%

Other 7%

Malaysia 6%

New Zealand 1%

Indonesia 7%

China 11%

Sawn wood Plywood Particleboard

Australia produces about 89% of the solid wood and

panel products it consumes

Value of imported wood products

•  Australia imports around $4.2b of timber and paper

products annually, mainly:

–  Paper & paperboard, manufactured paper products, sawn timber,

panel, wood pulp

•  Importing countries include:

–  New Zealand, Malaysia, Indonesia, China

Overview

8 ABARES

Australian forest and wood products statistics

FIGURE 8 Imports of wood products, by sector, 2000–01 to 2011–12

Note: Data taken from Table 23 of this publication

Data sources: ABARES; ABS; EWPAA

Other (paper manufactures, pulp, recovered paper, woodchips and roundwood) Wood-based panels Sawnwood Miscellaneous forest products Paper and paperboard

$m

2011 –12 2009 –10 2007 –08 2005

–06

2003

–04

2001

–02

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

While the value of imported pulp decreased from $180 million to $164 million in

2011–12, the volume increased from 233 000 tonnes in 2010–11 to 256 000 tonnes in

2011–12 However, over the past five years the volume of pulp imports has declined by

about 29 per cent, partly reflecting closure of some paper mills in Australia that were

using imported pulp

The total volume of sawnwood imports fell by 6.5 per cent in 2011–12 to 791 000 tonnes

and the value of these imports was lower by 5.3 per cent to $448 million The fall in the

volume of total sawnwood imports reflects a fall in softwood sawnwood imports from

several European countries; imports from Austria, Estonia and Germany combined fell

by 38 per cent in 2011–12 Partly offsetting the aggregate fall in sawnwood imports,

imports from New Zealand (historically Australia’s major softwood sawnwood import

Chile also increased slightly

The volume of sawnwood imports from Austria, Estonia and Germany continued to

decline in the September and December quarters of 2012 relative to the same period

decline of sawnwood imports from Europe

The decline in sawnwood imports from European countries partly reflects European

sawnwood producers redirecting exports from Australia to the United States,

which has experienced an increase in housing activity over the past year Australian

sawnwood imports from the United States increased significantly between the

September quarter 2011 to the September quarter 2012 However Australian

sawnwood imports from the United States fell by almost half from the September

quarter 2012 to 9700 cubic metres in the December quarter 2012 (Figure 9)

The value of imports of miscellaneous forest products increased by 8.6 per cent to

$741 million and the value of imports of wood-based panels increased by 12 per cent

to $323 million in 2011–12 The volume and value of wood-based panel imports were

the highest recorded since 2000–01

Source: ABARE Australian Forest & Wood Product Statistics Nov 2012

The base wood resource

Forests, recycling and recovery

Australia s wood resource

timber and wood waste

Source: * ABARE Australian Forest & Wood Product Statistics 2012

+ A3P TDA 2007 Extended Producer Responsibility Strategy for Waste Timber, final project report

Forests in Australia

•  softwood 1.0m hectares

•  leasehold land 65.1m hectares (44%)

•  private land 38.1m hectares (26%)

•  cons reserves 23.0m hectares (15%)

•  multi-use forest 9.4m hectares (6%)

•  other 2.4m hectares (9%)

Source: ABARE Australian Forest & Wood Product Statistics Nov 2010 – Figs 08/09

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Forests in Australia

Tenure of Australia’s Forests

(million hectares)

Source: ABARE Australian Forest & Wood Product Statistics Nov 2010 – Figs 08/09

Native hardwood logs are mainly harvested from public multi-use forests Less

than 1% of these forests is harvested annually Generally, all are regenerated

as native forests

Tree breakdown

•  After harvest, the tree is broken down into a

hierarchy of log types, governed by value and product group

•  Solid wood processing can only convert a portion of tree to the most valuable elements

•  The remainder is channeled into other, product streams

Native forests

•  These forests have regrown naturally or been resewn

after a major disturbance, such as a fire or harvest

Yield of native hardwood logs

Source: ABARE Australian Forest & Wood Product Statistics Nov 2012

Plantations

•  Plantations are intensively managed stands of

native or exotic species of trees grown from

regularly placed seedlings or seed

Plantation log yield

hardwood were harvested in 2010-11

–  8.36 (60%) and 0.021 million m3 (0.004%) respectively were

veneer or sawlogs Source: ABARE Australian Forest & Wood Product Statistics Nov 2010

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Sawlog volumes over time

0

2,000,000

4,000,000

6,000,000

8,000,000

10,000,000

12,000,000

1961 1964 1967 1970 1973 1976 1979 1982 1985 1988 1991 1994 1997 2000 2003 2006 2009

m 3

Saw & Veneer Log Production - Australia

Plantation establishment over time

Source: BRS 2010 Australia’s forests at a glance 2010

Recycling timber and wood product

Large timber elements can be recovered from

unserviceable structures, de-nailed and

converted into boards and other products

Recycled timber supply

•  As the demolition of older structures limits the resource, recycled timber supply is naturally restricted

products, about 0.85% of apparent timber consumption*

Recycled timber flooring

Source: ABARE for 2004-05 figures

Wood recovery

•  Wood residues can be

recovered from processing,

building and deconstruction

•  About 35% of the potential

resource,~0.5 million tonne,

is currently recovered and

reused for mulches, fuel or

remanufacture

•  Transport costs strongly

influence potential reuse

Source: A3P TDA 2007 Extended Producer Responsibility Strategy for Waste Timber, final project report

Timber supply over time

•  Wood supply is fundamentally

different to the supply of most other building materials

•  Supply is conditionally renewable

–  Resource can be drawn from the same spot again and again

•  At any specific time, timber supply is limited by the availability and maturity of the forest estate

–  It is bound to actions and events during the past 20-100 years

–  Production cannot be increased by simply ramping up processing capacity

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Summary

•  Apparent consumption of solid wood and panel

annum

•  The building sector consumes about 85% of solid

wood and panel products

•  Australia produces about 87% of its consumption of

wood products from native forest or plantations

resources

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