B Command-Line Utilities

I n addition to the compilers for Visual Basic .NET vbc.exe, C++ cl.exe, and C# csc.exe,the Microsoft .NET Framework SDK adds a number of tools designed to make it easier for you to crea

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Chapter B Composite Default screen

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I n addition to the compilers for Visual Basic NET (vbc.exe), C++ (cl.exe), and C# (csc.exe),

the Microsoft NET Framework SDK adds a number of tools designed to make it easier

for you to create, deploy, and manage applications and components that target the NET

Framework This appendix will introduce these tools and will also detail the command-line

usages of vbc.exe.

Command Utilities

In order to be able to run these command-line utilities, you must configure the environment properly The Visual Studio NET installation includes a command file (VCVARS32.bat) that configures the command environment properly by setting the path variable to include the Visual Studio NET directory The command file is installed in the \bin directory of your installation (the default is c:\Program Files\

Microsoft Visual Studio.NET\vc7\bin) The command file is configured during the installation of Visual Studio to correspond to your computer’s setup Do not replace

a missing or damaged VCVARS32.bat file with a VCVARS32.bat from another machine Rerun setup to replace the missing file.

To run VCVARS32.bat, you can execute it from the path or you can use the shortcut Select Start | Programs | Microsoft Visual Studio NET | Visual Studio NET Tools | Visual Studio NET Command Prompt.

We recommend that you create a shortcut to the NET command prompt on your desktop and in the Windows taskbar.

The NET Framework SDK tools are grouped according to use:

■ Debugging tools (see Table B-1)

■ Configuration and deployment tools (see Table B-2)

■ Security tools (see Table B-3)

■ General tools (see Table B-4)

Debugging Tools

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222653-6 / Appendix B

2 Appendix B: Command-Line Utilities

Microsoft CLR Debugger (DbgCLR.exe)

Provides debugging services with a graphical interface to help application developers find and fix bugs in programs that target the runtime

Runtime Debugger (Cordbg.exe) Provides command-line debugging services using the

Common Language Runtime Debug API It is used to find and fix bugs in programs that target the runtime

TABLE B-1

The NET

Framework SDK

Debugging Tools

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Configuration and Deployment Tools

Command Utilities 3

Assembly Cache Viewer (Shfusion.dll) Lets you to view and manipulate the contents of the Global

Assembly Cache using Windows Explorer

Assembly Linker (Al.exe) Allows you to use either resource files or Microsoft Intermediate

Language (MSIL) files to generate a file with an assembly manifest

Assembly Registration tool (Regasm.exe) Registers NET Framework classes to the Registry, which allows

COM clients to create NET Framework classes transparently Assembly Binding Log Viewer (Fuslogvw.exe) Displays log-file information for failed assembly binding This

information can help you diagnose the reasons the NET Framework has problems locating an assembly at run time Global Assembly Cache tool (Gacutil.exe) This tool allows you to view and manipulate the contents of the

Global Assembly Cache and download cache You can use Gacutil.exe in build scripts, makefile files, and batch files Installer tool (Installutil.exe) Allows you to install and uninstall server resources by executing

the installer components of a specified assembly

Isolated Storage tool (Storeadm.exe) Displays and manages all existing stores for the currently

logged-on user

Native Image Generator (Ngen.exe) Lets you create a native image from a managed assembly and

install the image in the native image cache on the local computer .NET Framework Configuration tool

(Mscorcfg.msc)

Provides a graphical interface for managing NET Framework security policy and applications that use remoting services This tool also allows you to manage and configure assemblies in the Global Assembly Cache

.NET Services Installation tool (Regsvcs.exe) Allows you to add managed classes to Windows 2000

Component Services (COM+) by loading and registering the assembly and generating, registering, and installing the type library into an existing COM+ 1.0 application

Soapsuds tool (Soapsuds.exe) Lets you compile client applications that communicate with

XML web services The technique used is called remoting.

Type Library Exporter (Tlbexp.exe) Generates a type library from a Common Language Runtime

assembly

Type Library Importer (Tlbimp.exe) Converts the type definitions found within a COM type library

into equivalent definitions in managed metadata format

Web Services Description Language tool (Wsdl.exe) Generates the code for XML web services and XML web service

clients, XML Schema Definition (XSD) schema files, and the disco discovery documents from WSDL (Web Services Description Language) contract files

TABLE B-2 The NET Framework SDK Configuration and Deployment Tools

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Security Tools

Web Services Discovery tool (Disco.exe) Allows you to discover the URLs of XML web services located

on a web server

XML Schema Definition Tool (Xsd.exe) Generates XML schemas that follow the XSD language

proposed by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) This tool generates Common Language Runtime classes and DataSet classes from an XSD schema file

TABLE B-1 The NET Framework SDK Configuration and Deployment Tools (continued)

Certificate Creation Tool (Makecert.exe) Creates X.509 certificates for testing purposes only

Certificate Manager tool (Certmgr.exe) Manages certificates, certificate trust lists (CTLs), and certificate

revocation lists (CRLs)

Certificate Verification tool (Chktrust.exe) Verifies the validity of a file signed with an X.509 certificate

Code Access Security Policy tool (Caspol.exe) Allows you to examine and modify security policies for the

machine, user, and enterprise-level code access

File Signing tool (Signcode.exe) Signs a portable executable (PE) file with an Authenticode

digital signature

Permissions View tool (Permview.exe) Allows you to view the minimal, optional, and refused

permission sets requested by an assembly You can also use this tool to display the declarative security used by

an assembly

PEVerify tool (PEVerify.exe) Conducts MSIL type-safety verification checks and metadata

validation checks on an assembly

Secutil tool (Secutil.exe) Extracts public-key information or Authenticode publisher

certificates from an assembly The output is formatted to be incorporated into code

Set Registry Tool (Setreg.exe) Allows you to change the Registry settings for the Software

Publishing State keys

Software Publisher Certificate Test tool

(Cert2spc.exe)

Tests a Software Publisher’s Certificate (SPC), or creates an SPC from one or more X.509 certificates

Strong Name tool (Sn.exe) Allows you to create assemblies with strong names

TABLE B-3 The NET Framework SDK Security Tools

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Visual Basic NET Compiler (vbc.exe) 5

General Tools

Visual Basic NET Compiler (vbc.exe)

In order to compile and run a Visual Basic NET program, you will need to have the NET Framework installed on your computer Microsoft has made the NET Framework available as a free upgrade, and you can either download it from http://msdn.microsoft.com (approximately 130MB) or order a CD that contains the NET Framework.

Common Language Runtime Minidump tool

(Mscordmp.exe)

Creates a file containing a core dump of information that can be useful when analyzing system issues in the runtime

License Compiler (Lc.exe) Allows you to create a licenses file that can be

embedded in a Common Language Runtime executable It reads text files that contain licensing information

Management Strongly Typed Class Generator

(Mgmtclassgen.exe)

Allows you to quickly generate an early-bound class for a specified Windows Management

Instrumentation (WMI) class

MSIL Assembler (Ilasm.exe) Generates a PE file from Microsoft Intermediate

Language (MSIL)

MSIL Disassembler (Ildasm.exe) Produces a MSIL source file from a Portable

Executable (PE) file

Resource File Generator tool (Resgen.exe) Converts text files and resx (XML-based resource

format) files to NET Common Language Runtime binary resources files that can be embedded in a runtime binary executable or compiled into satellite assemblies

Windows Forms ActiveX Control Importer

(Aximp.exe)

Converts type definitions in a COM type library for

an ActiveX control into a Windows Forms control Windows Forms Class Viewer (Wincv.exe) Finds managed classes matching a specified search

pattern, and displays information about those classes using the Reflection API

Windows Forms Resource Editor (Winres.exe) Allows you to quickly and easily localize the

Windows Forms forms in your application using

a GUI tool

TABLE B-4 The NET Framework SDK General Tools

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After installation, the Visual Basic NET compiler is available from the command prompt to create Portable Executable (PE) files from your source files (see the previous

“Command Utilities” section for information on how to set up the environment for use with command-line tools).

Using the Visual Basic NET Compiler (vbc.exe) is rather complicated because it has a large family of command-line options that control the behavior of the compiler The next section will give you an overview of most of the command-line switches that are available.

Command-Line Syntax

In Table B-5, you can see all the command-line switches understood by the Visual Basic NET compiler To get an instant listing of the command-line switches, you need only execute the vbc.exe program with the /help switch to produce the following listing:

Visual Basic NET Compiler Options

OUTPUT FILE -/out:<file> Specifies the output file name

/target:exe Create a console application (default)

(Short form: /t) /target:winexe Create a Windows application

Option Description

@ Specify a response file

/? List compiler options to stdout

/addmodule Specify one or more modules to be part of this assembly

/baseaddress Specify the preferred base address at which to load a DLL

/bugreport Create a file that contains information that makes it easy to report a bug

/checked Specify whether integer arithmetic that overflows the bounds of the data

type will cause an exception at run time

/codepage Specify the code page to use for all source-code files in the compilation

TABLE B-2 The vbc.exe Command-Line Switches

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Visual Basic NET Compiler (vbc.exe) 7

Option Description

/debug Emit debugging information

/define Define preprocessor symbols

/doc Process documentation comments to an XML file

/filealign Specify the size of sections in the output file

/fullpaths Specify the absolute path to the file in compiler output

/help List compiler options to stdout

/incremental Enable incremental compilation of source-code files

/lib Specify the location of assemblies referenced via /reference

/linkresource Create a link to a managed resource

/main Specify the location of the Main() method

/nologo Suppress compiler banner information

/nostdlib Do not import standard library (mscorlib.dll)

/noconfig Do not compile with the global or local versions of vbc.rsp

/nowarn Suppress the compiler’s ability to generate specified warnings

/optimize Enable or disable optimizations

/out Specify output file

/recurse Search subdirectories for source files to compile

/reference Import metadata from a file that contains an assembly

/resource Embed a NET Framework resource into the output file

/target Specify the format of the output file using one of four options:

/target:exe /target:library /target:module /target:winexe /unsafe Compile code that uses the unsafe keyword

/utf8output Display compiler output using UTF-8 encoding

/warn Set warning level

/warnaserror Promote warnings to errors

/win32icon Insert an ico file into the output file

/win32res Insert a Win32 resource into the output file

TABLE B-5 The vbc.exe Command-Line Switches (continued)

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The Visual Basic NET compiler commands can be typed in at the command-line prompt or as part of command files used to build the application The following examples are executed from the command prompt:

■ Compiles File.vb producing File.exe:

vbc File.vb

■ Compiles File.vb producing File.dll:

vbc /target:library File.vb

■ Compiles File.vb and creates Hence.exe:

vbc /out:Hence.exe File.vb

■ Compiles all of the Visual Basic NET files in the current directory, with optimizations on and defines the DEBUG symbol The output is File2.exe:

vbc /define:DEBUG /optimize /out:File2.exe *.vb

■ Compiles all of the Visual Basic NET files in the current directory, producing a debug version of File2.dll No logo and no warnings are displayed:

vbc /target:library /out:File2.dll /warn:0 /nologo /debug *.vb

■ Compiles all of the Visual Basic NET files in the current directory to Thusly.hence (a DLL):

vbc /target:library /out:Thusly.hence *.vb

222653-6 / Appendix B Composite Default screen

Tiêu đề	Command-Line Utilities
Trường học	Microsoft
Chuyên ngành	.NET Framework SDK
Thể loại	Appendix
Năm xuất bản	2002

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