CH06 working safely in the shop STUDENT VERSION rev

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Chapter 6

Working Safely in the Shop

Must Always Be Worn

Know How to Use Eye Wash

Personal Safety

• Tie back long hair

• Wear properly fitting clothes

• Jewelry can get caught in rotating objects

• Metal jewelry may be conductive

• Proper safety shoes or boots must be worn

at all times

Personal Safety (cont’d)

• Gloves protect from chemicals, burns, and minor cuts and scrapes

• Many chemicals can be absorbed into the body if gloves are not used

• Heavy work gloves should be worn when using cutting equipment, welding, or

grinding

Personal Safety (cont’d)

• Gloves can also protect against bloodborne pathogens

• Pathogens, such as staph infections,

hepatitis B, and HIV can be passed by

contact with human blood

• Always clean and disinfect any blood spills immediately

Personal Safety (cont’d)

• Exposure to very loud noise levels can lead

to hearing loss

• Simple ear plugs or earphone protectors

should be worn in environments that are

constantly noisy

Personal Safety (cont’d)

• Respiratory masks should be worn when working with components containing asbestos or other

toxic substances that contain toxic fumes.

Personal Safety (cont’d)

• Keep your skin away from hot metal parts

• Disconnect electric cooling fans when

working around a radiator

• Adhere to all hydraulic press safety

precautions

Lifting and Carrying

• Be sure your path is free of parts or tools

• Be sure the container is in good condition

• Straighten your legs to lift the object

• If necessary, turn your whole body, don’t twist your body

• Bend your legs to lower the object

• Place suitable blocks under the object

Professional Behavior

• Professional appearance and proper dress are important

• Never smoke while working on a vehicle

• Playing in the shop is never acceptable

• Properly store tools and equipment when not in use

Hand Tool Safety

• Keep tools in good condition

• Use the proper tool for the job

• Do not put tools in your pocket

• Keep tools with cutting edges sharp

• Keep tools clean and free from grease

• Pull wrenches toward you, do not push

Hand Tool Safety (cont’d)

• Use a box end wrench or socket whenever possible

• Use only impact sockets with impact

wrenches

• Never use pliers to loosen or tighten

• Never use screwdrivers as chisels

• Never strike two hammers together

Power Tool Safety

• Repair frayed electrical cords immediately

• The cord must have a good ground

Power Tool Safety (cont’d)

• Keep fingers and clothing away from

rotating equipment

• Sanding and buffing wheels must be

securely attached

• Protective guards must be in place

• Wear safety glasses or a face shield

• Follow the tool manufacturer’s directions

Lift Safety

• Be sure the lift is completely lowered

• Do not run into or over the lift arms

• Be sure the lift pads contact the specified

vehicle lift points

• Close the doors and trunk lid

• After the vehicle is raised, be sure the safety mechanism is engaged

Lift Safety (cont’d)

• Always follow the lift guide and vehicle

manufacturer’s service information when

Hydraulic Jack and Safety Stand Safety

• Never attempt to lift something heavier than the jack

• The safety stand legs must contact the floor evenly.

• Remove the jack after the vehicle is sitting on the

safety stands.

Cleaning Equipment Safety

• Do not dump residue from steam cleaning

in sewers

• Keep floors clean and dry

• Wear protective gloves and a face shield

• Use only approved cleaning solutions

• Observe all environmental regulations

Vehicle Safety

• Exhaust fumes (carbon monoxide) are

poisonous and can be deadly

• Ensure exhaust is properly ventilated

• Check the brakes before attempting to move

a vehicle

• Notify coworkers when moving a vehicle, especially hybrid vehicles

Electrical Safety

• Disconnect the vehicle battery whenever possible.

• Disconnect negative first then positive

Reconnect positive first then negative.

• Batteries contain acid and can cause severe injuries to eyes and skin.

• Remove all jewelry when working on the electrical system.

Electrical Safety (cont’d)

• Always charge batteries in well ventilated areas

• Ensure the battery charger is off and

unplugged before connecting leads to the

battery

• Never recharge a battery while the electrical system is on

High Voltage Systems

• Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) contain high voltage batteries and circuits.

• These high voltages can cause death.

• Avoid all orange wiring and connectors.

• Deactivate the high voltage system before any service is performed

• Follow all manufacturer’s warnings and

procedures.

Work Area Safety

• Floors and work areas should be kept clean and organized

• Keep all tools and equipment clean,

dressed, and organized

• Memorize the location of all safety and first aid equipment

• Understand the contents of the MSDS

Fire Hazards and Prevention

• Fuels used in modern ICE are highly volatile and require proper handling and storage

• Diesel fuel is not as refined and contain

active micro-organisms that can cause

infections

• Cleaning solvents and shop rags must be

stored and handled properly to prevent fires

Classes of Fires

• Class “A” fires

– Ordinary combustibles such as wood, paper,

and plastics.

• Class “B” fires

– Flammable liquids such as gasoline, oil, grease, and paint.

Classes of Fires (cont’d)

• Class “C” fires

– Electrical equipment such as electric motors, wiring, and fuse boxes.

• Class “D” fires

– Combustible metals such as aluminum,

magnesium, and potassium.

Fire extinguishers can beClass A, B, C, or D Many are ABC or

multipurpose extinguishers

Steps in Using a Fire Extinguisher

1 Pull pin from handle.

2 Aim nozzle at base of fire.

3 Squeeze handle.

4 Sweep entire width of fire.

Manufacturer’s Warnings and Government Regulations

• Potential health hazards can be classified as:

– Chemical Hazards

– Hazardous Wastes

– Physical Hazards

– Ergonomic Hazards

Physical Hazards

• Physical hazards include excessive noise,

vibrations, pressures, and temperatures

• Auto shops may have excessive noise levels depending on tools used and services

provided

– Has published standards.

– All automotive safety and health issues are controlled by OSHA.

• The Environmental Protection Agency

– Federal and state agencies.

– Regulates disposal of hazardous wastes – Monitors and enforces environmental legislation.

Right-to-Know Laws

• Right-to-Know laws are intended to provide

a safe working place

• All employees must be trained in:

– Their rights under the law.

– The nature of hazardous chemicals in the

workplace.

– The contents of the labels on the chemicals.

• MSDS sheets must be available

Hazardous Materials

• Always read the label and MSDS before

using unfamiliar substances

• Be familiar with the dangers of various

substances used in the shop

• Follow all environmental policies for proper disposal

Guidelines for Handling Hazardous Waste

• Waste oil can be recycled or used in waste oil heaters where allowable

• Drain oil filters for at least 24 hours

• Send batteries to a reclaimer or the

distributor

• Refrigerants must be reclaimed and

recycled

Guidelines for Handling Hazardous Waste (cont’d)

• Contract with a hazardous waste recycler for solvents and paint wastes

• Collect waste coolants for reclaiming and recycling

• Shop rags should be stored in self-closing marked containers to prevent combustion

Guidelines for Handling Hazardous Waste (cont’d)

• Asbestos must be trapped and handled

safely

• Dust from brake and clutch components

may contain asbestos

• Always refer to local, state, and federal

regulations regarding the proper handling and disposal of hazardous wastes