Chapter 13 - Tools for process improvement. This chapter presents the following content: the deming cycle, the seven QC tools, Flowcharts, check sheets, histograms, cause-and-effect diagrams, pareto diagrams, scatter diagrams, control charts,…
Trang 1Tools for
Process
Improvement
Trang 2Plan
Do Study
Act
Trang 31 Define the process : its start, end, and what it does.
2 Describe the process : list the key tasks performed and
sequence of steps, people involved, equipment used, environmental conditions, work methods, and materials used.
Trang 46 Describe the perceived problems associated with
the process; for instance, failure to meet customer expectations, excessive variation, long cycle
Trang 71. Select the best change or solution
2. Develop an implementation plan: what
needs to be done, who should be involved, and when the plan should be
Trang 8Deming Cycle
The Deming cycle focuses on both
shortterm continuous improvement and longterm organizational learning.
Trang 11(CPS)
Mess Finding – identify symptoms
Fact Finding – gather data; operational definitions
Trang 12variation.
Trang 14more objectively by providing a picture of the steps needed to accomplish a task.
Trang 15 Shows unexpected complexity, problem
areas, redundancy, unnecessary loops, and where simplification may be possible
Compares and contrasts actual versus ideal flow of a process
Allows a team to reach agreement on
process steps and identify activities that
may impact performance
Serves as a training tool
Trang 17interpret. They also identify process changes and trends over time and show the effects of corrective actions.
Trang 25 Provides useful information for predicting future performance
Helps to answer “Is the process capable of meeting requirements?
Trang 29CauseandEffect Diagram
A causeandeffect diagram is a simple
graphical method for presenting a chain of causes and effects and for sorting out
causes and organizing relationships
between variables.
Trang 32 Supplies the data to confirm a hypothesis that two variables are related
Trang 33Other Tools for Process Improvement
Trang 34Kaizen Blitz
A kaizen blitz is an intense and rapid
improvement process in which a team or a department throws all its resources into an improvement project over a short time
period, as opposed to traditional kaizen
applications, which are performed on a
parttime basis.
Trang 35delays, or malfunctions
Trang 36Proofing
Design potential errors out of the product or process – Eliminates any possibility that the error or defect might occur
results in scrap or rework
Trang 37(from John Grout’s PokaYoke Web Page)
Trang 38Process Simulation
Process simulation is an approach to
building a logical model of a real process, and experimenting with the model to
obtain insight about the behavior of the process or to evaluate the impact of
changes in assumptions or potential
improvements to it.
Trang 39Engaging the Workforce in Process Improvement
Trang 42Skills for Team Members
Trang 46Ticket Errors
Airline Ticket Errors
Material (Ticket Stock)
Method (printing)
Carbon Paper
Age
Maintenance Tension adjustment Print quality