Training supplement and crew procedures training: Part 2

Ebook Crew procedures training supplement: Part 2 present restrictions/limitations; abnormal procedures; emergency procedures; arrival procedures; maintenance procedures; logging crew cross-country flights; reimbursement of travel expenses; preparing for commercial & CFI; policies & procedures adherence.

Restrictions / Limitations • 67

SECTION 11

Restrictions / Limitations

Night Flying

Night crew cross-country flights in single-engine aircraft are prohibited Flights

in single-engine aircraft must be planned and conducted so that they will arrive during daytime conditions If unexpected delays enroute will prevent a single-engine crew cross-country flight from reaching its destination before nightfall, pilots should divert to an acceptable alternate airport

Night crew cross-country flights may only be conducted with specific

authorization by ATP Flight Operations Under normal circumstances flights will

be planned and conducted so they arrive during daytime conditions

Full Stop Landings

All landings will be made to a full stop Practice pattern work, touch-and-goes, and stop-and-goes are not authorized during crew cross-countries Go-arounds are authorized and encouraged any time an approach or landing becomes unstable or unsafe

Maneuvers & Practice Approaches Prohibited

ATP prohibits in-flight maneuvers and practice approaches during cross-country flights This policy does not preclude crews from requesting an instrument approach at their destination, as discussed in Section 10, "Standard Operating Procedures."

Use of Tobacco Products

The use of tobacco products is not permitted in or near any ATP aircraft or ATP facility This includes smokeless tobacco products and electronic cigarettes

Alcohol or Drugs

ATP students must allow a minimum of 12 hours “bottle to throttle” between consuming alcohol and operating an ATP aircraft They must also observe the other requirements of FAR §91.17:

68 • Restrictions / Limitations

• Not under the influence of alcohol

• Not using any drug that impairs piloting ability, including prescription

or over-the-counter drugs

• Blood alcohol concentration less than 0.04 percent

Failure to comply with these requirements will result in program termination

Use of Portable Electronic Devices (PEDs)

Refer to ATP Training Library > Bulletins > Use of Portable Electronic Devices.

ATP prohibits the use of personal electronic devices (including phones, music players, cameras, or similar devices) during all flight and ground operations Use

of ForeFlight for iPad is acceptable for navigation purposes

Phone calls, texting, listening to music, or photography during flight or ground operations causes distractions, interferes with crew and ATC communication, and poses a safety issue Failure to comply with this policy may result in

program termination

Approved Aircraft Occupants

During crew cross-country flights, the only approved aircraft occupants are the two crew cross-country-students specifically authorized by ATP Flight Operations No one else may occupy the aircraft

IFR Flight Plan

All crew cross-countries must be conducted under IFR on an IFR flight plan This increases safety and ensures ATC services are available throughout the flight Crews may not cancel IFR until they are on the ground at their destination airport

LAHSO Clearances

Crews are not authorized to accept Land and Hold Short (LAHSO) clearances

If ATC assigns a LAHSO clearance, inform them you are “unable” to accept, and they will coordinate a full-length landing

Dress Code

Students in the Airline Career Pilot Program are training to become professional pilots and are required to maintain a neat, clean, and professional look Students must adhere to the standard ATP student dress code, as found in the

ATP Student & Instructor Handbook

Abnormal Procedures • 69

SECTION 12

Abnormal Procedures

Use of Alternate Airports / Diversion

Students on crew cross-countries must identify and divert to a suitable alternate airport if any of the following conditions exist:

• Unsafe conditions are encountered while enroute

• The time enroute for the cross-country flight is going to exceed the maximum flight duration for their aircraft (refer to Fuel Management section)

• The reported weather at the destination airport deteriorates below minimums for cross-country crews

• The PF finds it necessary to suspend two-pilot operations

• ATP Flight Operations requests that you divert

Suitable alternates must have a hard-surfaced runway with a runway length of 4,000’ or greater for Multi-Engine aircraft, or 3,000 or greater for Single-Engine aircraft Landing on unpaved surfaces shorter than these minimums is only authorized in the event of an emergency landing Other factors to consider when choosing the best alternate include:

• ATP operations at that airport: If one is reasonably close, choose an

airport listed in the ATP Airport Pages

• Control Tower: Wherever possible, choose an alternate with an

operating control tower

• Weather conditions: They should be above the conditions required for

cross-country crews

• Services: Choose an attended airport with fuel available.

• Instrument approaches: The alternate should have IAPs available,

preferably for an ILS approach

NOTE: In an emergency situation, pilots may divert to any airport

or landing site that enables a safe conclusion of a flight Do not allow a situation to become critical because the “ideal” airport cannot be located

70 • Abnormal Procedures

Pilot Deviations

Pilot deviations are defined by the FAA as “the actions of a pilot that result in the violation of a Federal Aviation Regulation.” Pilot deviations are serious, and may result in enforcement action being taken by the FAA In most cases, the controlling agency (ATC) will advise pilots that a possible pilot deviation has occurred (often times by providing the pilot a phone number for a further conversation once the plane has landed) If a pilot deviation occurs, pilots should do the following:

• Notify Flight Safety & Support Team immediately to provide details of

the deviation by calling 904-595-7994

• Review details of the event with a member of the Flight Safety & Support Team Additional written information may be requested and may be sent to safety@allatps.com

• Complete a ASRS Report (for the FAA), and follow any other

recommendations or instructions by the safety team

NOTE: The ATP Safety, Flight Operations and Training

Departments value your safety and the viability of your certificates – not punitive action Misunderstandings and mistakes happen It is part of the learning process The Flight Safety & Support Team can often provide guidance to help minimize the effects of a deviation and help prevent similar occurrences in the future

Intercept Procedures

Both pilots must be familiar with procedures for being intercepted by a military

or law enforcement aircraft A copy of these procedures must be readily

available at all times (ForeFlight > Documents > ATP Flight School)

In the event you find yourself intercepted by a US military or law enforcement aircraft, follow these procedures:

• Follow the instructions given by the intercepting aircraft If these instructions conflict with instructions from ATC, request clarification, but immediately comply with the intercepting aircraft’s commands

• Notify ATC, if possible

• Attempt to communicate with the intercepting aircraft and ATC on the emergency frequency 121.5, giving the identity and position of your aircraft and the nature of the flight

• Squawk 7700 unless otherwise instructed by ATC

Most interceptions occur as a result of pilots inadvertently flying through TFRs This is easily avoidable by reviewing TFRs before every flight at tfr.faa.gov Additionally, exercise caution when operating near the Washington, D.C SFRA and near prohibited and restricted areas

Emergency Procedures • 71

SECTION 13

Emergency Procedures

Engine Failures in Single-Engine Aircraft

Engine failures can occur during any phase of flight: the takeoff roll, after takeoff, enroute, etc Each requires a unique response based on the time available to deal with the emergency

If the engine fails in-flight, the basic procedure for any single-engine aircraft can

be recalled with this mnemonic:

A Airspeed – pitch for best glide

B Best place to land – determine (use the nearest

page on the GPS as a resource; time permitting)

C Checklist – accomplish (time permitting)

D Declare emergency (time permitting)

E Emergency Exit – Prepare (Emergency Landing No

Engine Power Checklist; open passenger door prior to touchdown; time permitting)

Engine Failure During Takeoff Roll

If an engine failure or abnormality occurs during the takeoff roll, the PF should immediately close the throttle and apply brakes The PM should promptly advise tower of the aborted takeoff to help maintain separation and avoid a runway incursion

Example

“Tower, N254SP abort runway 14.”

Engine Failure Immediately After Takeoff

If an engine fails immediately after takeoff without sufficient runway remaining for a safe landing, the PF must establish the best glide speed and fly to the landing site identified during the pre-takeoff plan and briefing The landing site

should be within 30° of the runway centerline Do not attempt a 180° turn back

72 • Emergency Procedures

to the departure runway below traffic pattern altitude This helps to minimize banking at low airspeeds, which can result in an unrecoverable, low-altitude stall or spin

The PF should secure the aircraft prior to touchdown, using the memory items briefed during the pre-takeoff brief In the Cessna 172, flaps should be in their final position before switching the battery master switch to the off position Again, reviewing the emergency procedure during the pre-takeoff brief just prior to takeoff will ensure actions are performed in the correct order and contribute to a successful outcome

Time permitting, the PM should assist with the emergency checklist and advise tower of the emergency

Enroute (VFR/IFR)

Should an engine failure occur enroute (anytime between the After Takeoff Checklist and Before Landing Checklist), the PF should immediately pitch for best glide and remove the view limiting device Select the best landing site based on location and altitude The PM should already have a landing site in mind based on continuous visual scanning of the surrounding area, the VFR sectional, and the GPS nearest function While proceeding to the landing site, the PF should attempt to restore power by completing the Engine Failure During Flight checklist memory items, assisted by the PM

Time permitting, the PM should declare an emergency and continue to assist the PF by verifying checklist completion and calling out any airspeed or course deviations

Emergency Landing Sites

The PM is responsible for continuously scanning for suitable airports and field landing sites in the event of an engine failure or other emergency The PM must be familiar with the “nearest airport” function on the GPS in addition to constant visual scanning and crosscheck of the VFR sectional while enroute Constant awareness of potential emergency landing sites is a crucial PM function

off-Vacuum Failures

In K-P model Cessnas equipped with a single vacuum pump, the loss of the vacuum pump will lead to the failure of the attitude indicator and directional gyro, requiring the PF to fly the aircraft partial panel Declare an emergency, exit instrument conditions, and proceed to the nearest suitable airport that can

be reached in visual conditions

Emergency Procedures • 73

With the exception of the Cessna 172 K-P models, ATP aircraft with conventional instruments are equipped with dual vacuum pumps for redundancy In these aircraft, the loss of one pump generally will not cause the instruments to fail,

as the other pump will usually provide sufficient vacuum pressure for normal instrument operation

However, pilots must be alert for vacuum pump failures (indicated by

an annunciator panel light and/or a flag on the vacuum gauge), make a

determination of how a vacuum pump failure can affect the safety of flight, and choose the best course of action if a pump fails while enroute For example, it may be preferable to exit or avoid IMC and divert to an alternate airport in VMC conditions

NOTE: If heading indication is lost, select the position page from

the NAV group on the Garmin 430 to provide heading direction

or track.

Report all failures and maintenance discrepancies to ATP Flight Operations once the flight is concluded in accordance with ATP maintenance procedures

74 • Arrival Procedures

SECTION 14

Arrival Procedures

Securing Aircraft

All aircraft used for cross-country flights are to be left properly secured and in

a neat and clean condition immediately following each use This includes tying the aircraft down, installing sun shades, removing trash, and securing the flight controls This must be accomplished every time the aircraft is left unattended, including transient stops for lunch, etc Never leave an aircraft unchocked, unsecured, or in disarray

Contact ATP Flight Operations Upon Landing

Within 30 minutes after arriving at each airport, the PIC must establish contact

with ATP Flight Operations by calling (904) 595-7980 Advise ATP Flight

Operations of any maintenance issues or other abnormalities that may have occurred

During the call, provide the departure and arrival Hobbs times from the Flight Tracker A/C Log form Once this information is received, ATP Flight Operations will verify the upcoming flight schedule and provide instructions for the next flight or information on lodging / travel arrangements

If unable to contact ATP Flight Operations after multiple attempts, call Mike Krieger at (904) 233-6363

3 DO NOT FLY - Assigned to Maintenance

Available for Preflight (GO)

Aircraft is available for preflight and has no unresolved maintenance reports

Maintenance Reports (Need More Info)

Aircraft has one or more unresolved maintenance reports You need more information to make a PIC decision about the airworthiness of the aircraft and its suitability for your flight Get this information by clicking the link in the response SMS or by calling Flight Operations before completing your preflight inspection

DO NOT FLY - Assigned to Maintenance (NO GO)

Never fly an aircraft reported as “Do Not Fly” The aircraft is either in

maintenance or provisioned for maintenance and you cannot fly / operate the aircraft

Getting Aircraft Status

Students can determine the status of any ATP aircraft using several methods:

• Flight Tracker SMS System (used in real-time throughout the day)

• Training Center Status Board (available at some locations)

• Aircraft Information Page

• Phone call to ATP Flight Operations (used for backup of computer systems)

76 • Maintenance Procedures

Flight Tracker SMS System

Most frequently, the status of an aircraft will be checked using the Flight Track SMS system during the preflight inspection Both instructors and students may use the Flight Tracker SMS System to check the status of any aircraft at any time

To check the status via SMS, text the N-number of the aircraft to the Flight

Tracker SMS system at (404) 994-5388 The system will respond with one of the

status conditions: “Available for Preflight”, “Maintenance Reports”, or “DO NOT FLY - Assigned to Maintenance”

IMPORTANT: Pay close attention to responses from the Flight

Tracker SMS system Never assume that sending a status check message results in an “Available for Preflight” response.

Training Center Status Board

Some training centers have a Training Center Status Board display installed This shows aircraft status by color code Green corresponds to “Available for Preflight” Orange corresponds to “Maintenance Reports” Aircraft with a status

of “DO NOT FLY - Assigned to Maintenance” are shown in a separate section

in gray The Training Center Status Board is a helpful tool to monitor aircraft status, but it does not replace the mandatory Flight Tracker SMS procedure for determining aircraft status

Aircraft Quick Reference Page

The status of any aircraft can be seen on the Aircraft Quick Reference page Go

to Library > Aircraft Information Manuals > Aircraft Quick Reference.

Backup Plan: Call Flight Operations

If any computerized system is unavailable, Flight Operations can be called at (904-595-7980) to get the aircraft status and hear any unresolved maintenance reports

IMPORTANT: No flights in ATP aircraft are authorized without

checking aircraft status during the preflight inspection

Maintenance Items Discovered During Preflight

If maintenance issues or other concerns are discovered during preflight, contact ATP Flight Operations, who will work with the ATP Maintenance Department to address the issue This applies to all students, including those currently located

at an ATP maintenance facility

Maintenance Procedures • 77

Maintenance Items Discovered In Flight

If a maintenance issue arises in flight, fly the airplane and follow the appropriate checklist procedure Determine if the flight can be safely continued to the scheduled destination, or if a diversion is necessary Once on the ground with the aircraft secure, contact ATP Flight Operations to report the issue

Approved Maintenance Providers

Maintenance will not be conducted or authorized by anyone other than the

ATP Maintenance Department Do not arrange any maintenance or conduct any preventative maintenance without specific authorization from the ATP Maintenance Department