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UNIT 8 – NEW WAY TO LEARN
the opportunity or right to use something or to see somebody/something
Accessible Adj /əkˈsesəbl/ Có thể truy cập
Accessibility n /əkˌsesəˈbɪləti/ Khả năng tiếp cận
Example: High-speed internet access has become a necessity
(2) Application n /ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃn/ ứng dụng
the practical use of something, especially a theory, discovery, etc
Applicable adj /əˈplɪkəbl/ Có thể ứng dụng
Example: The invention would have a wide range of applications in industry
(3) Concentrate v /ˈkɒnsntreɪt/ tập trung
give all your attention to something and not think about anything else
Concentration n ˌkɒnsnˈtreɪʃn/ Sự tập trung
Concentrated adj /ˈkɒnsntreɪtɪd/ Tập trung
Example: I can't concentrate with all that noise going on
an object or a piece of equipment that has been designed to do a particular job
Example: The new devices will be installed at US airports
using a system of receiving and sending information as a series of the numbers one and
zero, showing that an electronic signal is there or is not there
Example: The system is fully digital, with no analogue components
(6) Disadvantage n /ˌdɪsədˈvɑːntɪdʒ/ Nhược/ khuyết điểm
cause problems and tend to stop somebody/something from succeeding or making progress
OPPOSITE advantage /ədˈvɑːntɪdʒ/ (n)Disadvantageous adj ˌdɪsædvənˈteɪdʒəs/ Bất lợi
Example: Some pension plans may disadvantage women
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teach somebody over a period of time at a school, university, etc
Education n /ˌedʒuˈkeɪʃn/ Nền giáo dục
Educational Adj /ˌedʒuˈkeɪʃənl/ Có tính/ thuộc giáo dục
Educated Adj /ˈedʒukeɪtɪd/ Được giáo dục
Example: ll their children have been educated privately
(8) Fingertip n /ˈfɪŋɡətɪp/ Đầu ngón tay
the end of the finger that is furthest from the hand
have something at your
fingertips
idiom Thuộc/ nắm chắc như lòng bàn tay
Example: Apply the cream gently using your fingertips
(9) Identify v /aɪˈdentɪfaɪ/ Nhận dạng
recognize somebody/something and be able to say who or what they are
Identification n / aɪˌdentɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/ Danh tính, nhận biết
Identifiable adj / aɪˌdentɪˈfaɪəbl/ Có thể nhận dạng
Example: She was able to identify her attacker
to become better than before; to make something/somebody better than before
Improvement n /ɪmˈpruːvmənt/ Sự cải thiện, cải tiến
Example: Things are improving every day
detailed information on how to do or use something
SYNONYM direct , order (v)
Instructional adj /ɪnˈstrʌkʃənl/ Có tính hướng dẫn
Example: Step-by-step instructions are provided
connected with the place where you were born and lived for the first years of your life
ANTONYM: Non – native (adj) /ˌnɒn ˈneɪtɪv/
Example: The native peoples depend on the forest for their livelihoods
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that is easy to carry or to move
Portability n /ˌpɔːtəˈbɪləti/ Sự di động, mang đi được
Example: The equipment is lightweight, portable and easy to store
the programs used by a computer for doing particular jobs
Example: You should install antivirus software
any of the units into which a word is divided, containing a vowel sound and usually one or
more consonants
Syllabic adj /sɪˈlæbɪk/ Thuộc về âm tiết
Syllabification n /sɪˌlæbɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/ Sự phân âm
Example: ‘Potato’ is stressed on the second syllable
scientific knowledge used in practical ways in industry, for example in designing new
machines
Technologist n /tekˈnɒlədʒɪst/ Chuyên gia máy tính
Technological adj /ˌteknəˈlɒdʒɪkl/ Thuộc về công nghệ
Example: This technology enables computers to read handwriting
n.phr /vɔɪsˌrekəɡˈnɪʃn Nhận dạng giọng nói
technology that allows a computer to identify a voice
Example : the computer's voice recognition capability is improved
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(19) Electronic adj /ɪˌlekˈtrɒnɪk/ Thuộc về điện tử
aving or using many small parts, such as microchips , that control and direct a small electric
current
Electronically adv /ɪˌlekˈtrɒnɪkli/ Mang tính chất điện tử
Example: Airline passengers no longer have to turn off all electronic devices while on the
plane
to help something to happen or develop
SYNONYM encourage /ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ/ (v) Promotion n /prəˈməʊʃn/ Sự thăng chức, thăng cấp
Example: Vietnam has actively promoted foreign investment
Practice 1: Match the phrases in column A with appropriate information in column B, and write the answers (A-H) in the blanks (More than one answer is possible.)
1 You can improve your English accent A by doing translation exercises
2 A good way to learn idioms is B by talking to native English speakers
3 You can improve your writing skills C by reading magazines in English
4 A good way to learn new vocabulary is D by studying a “learner’s dictionary.”
5 You can learn to read faster E by practising conversations with a partner
6 One way of practising conversations is F by watching British films
7 You can learn to use grammar correctly G by having a private tutor
8 You can develop self-confidence in H by talking to yourself in the shower
speaking English
Practice 2: Use the correct form of the words in brackets to finish the sentences
1 With a good use of the educational , schools can improve on how students learn and how they get access to academic information (apply)
2 Students can write essays on computers and submit them (electronic)
3 Mobile devices today are introducing new exciting to digital learning (possible)
4 apps give students the chance to work at their own pace (educate)
5 About 76% of teachers say they are very concerned that use of mobile devices will be a
to learning (distract)
6 Many students are purchasing digital editions of textbooks instead of traditional printed
environmental (efficient - access - friendly)
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Practice 3 Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the
following questions.
11 Personal devices are useful for learning
A electric B electrical C electronic D electronical
12 They’re excellent learning You can store information, take notes, write essays and do calculations
13 In English class yesterday, we had a discussion different cultures
14 Mrs Dawson said that we were our lesson in the library next Monday
15 I really don’t the point of taking the exam when you are not ready for it
16 If the examiner can’t sense of your writing, you’ll get a low mark
17 I would prefer to go to university and do a in International Studies, rather than start work
18 My dad wants me to go university, but I’m in minds about it
19 Most computers have enough to store a vast amount of information
20 You can’t get into the Internet unless your computer has a(an)
21 Many people only use their computer as a All they do is to write letters and reports
on it
A word processor B template C document D spreadsheet
22 The World Wide Web is made up of millions of created by anybody from
multi-media corporations to ordinary people like you and me
23 On the web you can read newspapers or magazines; you can watch videos, download music or buy anything
24 When I first started learning English ten years ago, I could hardly a word - "hello”,
“goodbye”, “thank you” was just about it!
25 I went to classes two evenings a week and I was surprised at how quickly I progress
26 I a lot of new language from speaking with my host family and with other students from all over the world
27 Helen is much more confident with her English now She can actually a conversation with her teacher in English without difficulty
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28 If you're not sure what something means, in your dictionary or use your electronic dictionary for help
A check up B look up C translate D interpret
29 Whenever you hear a new word that you think is important, in your notebook
A keep it down B put it down C write it down D spell it down
30 She had to her First Certificate Exam three times
31 I'm for my English test tomorrow
A focusing B meditating C remembering D revising
32 He'll have to and work harder or he'll fail the exam
A pull his socks up B polish his head
C empty his washing basket D stick his neck out
33 Sally always hands in her homework on time and buys the teacher small presents.The other children hate her She's such a
A teacher's toy B teacher's jewel C teacher's pet D teacher's sweet
34 Electronic devices are bad for your eyes, and from electronics could harm your body and cause permanent damage
35 Like children elsewhere, children in the US have greatly benefited modern
37 Personal electronic devices which distract students from their classwork are banned in most schools
38 Permanent damage to children's body may be caused by frequent contact with electronic devices
39 If your smartphone rings in class, it will be very annoying and disruptive
A interruptive B supportive C discouraging D confusing
40 For very young children, electronic devices may help promote listening and speaking
skills
41 Students who have access to inappropriate information, videos and pictures may spend many hours reading and watching, and forget about their projects or assignments
A fascinating B tempting C unsuitable D illegal
42 People whose work involves using a computer for most of the day may suffer from chronic headaches
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43 One advantage of learning going digital is that students no longer have to carry the weight
of papers and textbooks with them to school
A online B electric C computer-based D modernized
44 An interactive whiteboard is an electronic device that helps students learn English in a more stimulating way
46 In my country, it is compulsory to go to school between the ages of five and sixteen
A necessary B essential C optional D selective
47 Do you think that you pay enough attention in class? What have I been talking about?
48 Electronic dictionaries are now common in English classes They can be very easily
downloaded into your personal electronic devices
49 Being able to use computers and the Internet can lead to an improved quality of life
A increased B enhanced C promoted D deteriorated
50 It seems unthinkable today not to provide children with a decent education
A sufficient B adequate C deficient D proper
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UNIT 9 – PRESERVING THE ENVIRONMENT
growing or living in, on or near water
Example: The overuse of chemicals can kill aquatic animals
a piece of writing about a particular subject in a newspaper or magazine, on a website, etc
Example: It is very difficult to analyze this article
connected with chemistry
Example: Dangerous chemicals were released into the river
make somebody unable to think clearly or understand something
Confusion n /kənˈfjuːʒn/ sự lẫn lộn, nhầm lẫn
Confused adj /kənˈfjuːzd/ Bối rối, nhầm lẫn
confusable adj /kənˈfjuːzəbl/ Khó hiểu
Example: The information on the board confused people
the act of using energy, food or materials; the amount used
Consumptive adj /kənˈsʌmptɪv/ Thuộc về tiêu thụ
Consume v /kənˈsjuːm/ Tiêu thụ, tiêu dùng
Example: Oil consumption often increases in cold weather
make a substance or place dirty or no longer pure by adding a substance that is dangerous
or carries disease
SYNONYM adulterate /əˈdʌltəreɪt/ (v)
Contamination n /kənˌtæmɪˈneɪʃn/ Sự ô nhiễm
Contaminant n /kənˈtæmɪnənt/ Chất gây ô nhiễm, chất bẩn
Example: The drinking water is contaminated with lead
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physical harm caused to something which makes it less attractive, useful or valuable
Example: Many buildings were damaged in the storm
the act of cutting down or burning the trees in an area
Example: Deforestation has a negative effect on the environment
to make something become worse, especially in quality
Degradation n /ˌdeɡrəˈdeɪʃn/ Sự suy thoái
Degradable adj /dɪˈɡreɪdəbl/ Xuống cấp
Degrade v /dɪˈɡreɪd/ Làm xuống cấp, làm xấu đi
Example: We have changed and degraded the natủal environment
(10) Deplete v /dɪˈpliːʃn/ sự suy yếu, cạn kiệt
reduce something by a large amount so that there is not enough left; to be reduced by a
large amount
Depletion n /dɪˈpliːʃn/ Sự suy yếu, cạn kiệt
Example: Food supplies are severely depleted
(11) Destruction n /dɪˈstrʌkʃn/ sự phá hủy, tiêu diệt
the act of destroying something; the process of being destroyed
Destructive adj /dɪˈstrʌktɪv/ Có tính phá hủy, tiêu diệt
Destruct v /dɪˈstrʌkt/ Phá hủy, tiêu diệt
Example: We should be responsible for the destruction of the forest
(12) Ecosystem n /ˈiːkəʊsɪstəm/ hệ sinh thái
all the plants and living creatures in a particular area considered in relation to their
physical environment
Example: Tourism is damaging our ecosystem.
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(13) Editor n /ˈedɪtə(r) Biên tập viên
a person who is in charge of a newspaper, magazine, etc., or part of one, and who decides
what should be included
Editorialist n /ˌedɪˈtɔːriəlɪst/ Người viết xã luận
Editorial adj /ˌedɪˈtɔːriəl/ Thuộc về biên tập
Example: She is an editor
(14) Fertilizer n /ˈfɜːtəlaɪzə(r)/ Phân bón
a substance added to soil to make plants grow more successfully
Fertilize(se) v /ˈfɜːtəlaɪz/ Thụ phấn, làm cho màu mỡ, phì nhiêu
Fertilization n /ˌfɜːtəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/ Làm cho phì nhiêu, tươi tốt
Example: The overuse of chemical fertilzen can lead to soil pollution
(15) Fossil fuel n , phr /ˈfɒsl fjuːəl/ nhiên liệu hóa thạch (làm từ sự phân hủy
của động vật hay thực vật tiền sử)
uel such as coal or oil, that was formed over millions of years from the parts of dead
n , phr /ˈɡləʊblˈwɔːmɪŋ/ sự nóng lên toàn cầu
the increase in temperature of the earth’s atmosphere that is caused by the increase of
particular gases, especially carbon dioxide
Example: Global warming is one of the biggest problem that we are facing
(17) Greenhouse effect n , phr /ˈɡriːnhaʊsɪˈfekt/ hiệu ứng nhà kính
the problem of the slow steady rise in temperature of the earth’s atmosphere, caused by an increase of gases such as carbon dioxide in the air surrounding the earth, which trap the
heat of the sun
Example: Greenhouse effect is the gradual increase of temperature on the earth’s surface
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(18) Influence v , n /ˈɪnfluəns/ ảnh hưởng, tác dụng
the effect that somebody/something has on the way a person thinks or behaves or on the way
that something works or develops
Influential Adj /ˌɪnfluˈenʃl/ Gây/có ảnh hưởng
Example: Peer group members can exert a strong influence on each others' activities
(19) Inorganic adj /ˌɪnɔːˈɡænɪk/ Vô cơ
not consisting of or coming from any living substances
Example: Dumping inorganic waste in the ground cause soil pollution
(20) Long-term n.phr /ˌlɒŋ ˈtɜːm/ dài hạn, lâu dài
over a long period of time
Example: They should have a long-term investment in this project
(21) Mass-media n.phr /ˌmæs ˈmiːdiə/ Truyền thông đại chúng
sources of information and news such as newspapers, television, radio and the internet, that
reach and influence large numbers of people
Example: The relationship between politics and the mass media is close
(22) Pesticide /ˈpestɪsaɪd/ thuốc trừ sâu
a chemical used for killing pests , especially insects
Example: Dumping pollutants such as pesticides and other chemicals in rivers make water contaminated
(23) Polar ice melting n.phr /ˈpəʊlə(r)aɪsˈmeltɪŋ/ sự tan băng ở địa cực
Example: Polar ice melting is happening faster than ever.
(24) Pollute /pəˈluːt/ Gây ô nhiễm
to add dirty or harmful substances to land, air, water, etc so that it is no longer pleasant or
safe to use
Example: Factories should stop releasing pollutants
We need a fuel that won’t pollute the environment
Environmental pollution is becoming a serious problem
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(25) Preserve v prɪˈzɜːv/ giữ gìn, bảo tồn
keep a particular quality, feature, etc.; to make sure that something is kept
Preservation n /ˌprezəˈveɪʃn/ Việc giữ gìn, sự bảo tồn
Example : I think the preservation of old buildings is very necessary
The government should do more to preserve the enivironment
(26) Protect v /prəˈtekt/ bảo vệ, che chở
make sure that somebody/something is not harmed, injured, damaged, etc
Protection n /prəˈtekʃn/ Sự bảo vệ, che chở
Example: We need your protection
(27) Sewage n /ˈsuːɪdʒ/ Nước thải
used water and waste substances that are produced by human bodies, that are carried away
from houses and factories through special pipes
Example: a ban on the dumping of raw sewage (= that has not been treated with
chemicals) at sea
(28) Vegetation n /ˌvedʒəˈteɪʃn/ Thảm thực vật
plants in general, especially the plants that are found in a particular area or environment
Example: Desert areas have little vegetation
(29) Herbicide n /ˈhɜːbɪsaɪd/ Thuốc trừ cỏ
a chemical that is poisonous to plants, used to kill plants that are growing where they are
not wanted
Example: Farmers are recommended to use less herbicide to protect environment
(30) Spray n /spreɪ/ Bơm, phun, tưới
very small drops of a liquid that are sent through the air, for example by the wind
Example: A cloud of fine spray came up from the waterfall
(31) Solution n /səˈluːʃn/ giải pháp, cách giải quyết
a way of solving a problem or dealing with a difficult situation
SYNONYM answer /ˈɑːnsə(r)/ (v)
Example: Attempts to find a solution have failed