OS 321 The program responsible for managing the user interface, system resources, and processes Partition 336 An area of a hard disk reserved to hold files of a particular OS type.. Th
Trang 1Connecting with Computer Science Chapter 9 Review:
Chapter Summary:
that support and extend the kernel
command line [Console]
security for the system
splicing
automatically
Trang 2Key Terms:
Booting (322) The process of starting a computer
Cmd-line Interface(328) A method of communicating with the OS by typing commands and receiving responses in
the text format
Command Prompt (329) Words and symbols displayed on screen that indicate the OS is waiting for user input Deadlock (333) A rare situation in which I/O devices and/or processes are waiting for each other for use of
resources; this situation would continue indefinitely without intervention by the OS Directory (334) Same as folder; "folder" is often used in Windows and "directory/subdirectory" is more
often used in DOS and Linux
DOS (324) A single-user, single-tasking, command line operating system; the Micosoft predecessor to
Windows
Driver (322) A special program that provides an interface to a specific I/O device
Folder (334) Structure on a formatted disk that enables storage and organizing files aka a directory or
subfolder
Format (336) Organizing the disk's surface in a way that allows writing folders and files to it
GUI (328) A method of interacting with the OS, in which information is displayed in a graphical
format and the user can select items by using a pointing device such as a mouse
Interrupt Handling (332) A method of allowing processes and hardware I/O devices to interrupt the processor's
normal executing so that it can handle specific tasks
Kernel (323) The core of an operating system; controls processor, disk, memory and other central
functions It is loaded first and remains in memory while the computer is on
Linux (324) A multitasking, multiuser, open-source variation of the UNIX operating system
Multiprocessing (237) Coordinated execution of a process, using two or more CPUs at the same time
Multitasking(327) An OS's capability to effectively support more than one process running at a time
Network OS (327) An OS designed to provide strong network services
Open Source (325) Computer programs including operating systems, developed as a public collaboration and
made available free for use or modification
OS (321) The program responsible for managing the user interface, system resources, and processes Partition (336) An area of a hard disk reserved to hold files of a particular OS type
Platform (326) The OS running on a computer
PnP (332) A technology that allows the OS and hardware to work together to detect and configure
I/O devices automatically
POST (322) A procedure performed by the computer boot routine to check hardware devices
Process (330) A small program running on a computer Can be part of a larger program
Resources (332) Devices connected to the CPU such as the main memory, hard disk and CD/DVD-ROM
drive All running processes have to share these devices
Root Level (334) The main folder/directory level on a drive
Single-Tasking (327) An OS that allows running only one process (task) at a time
Time Slicing (331) A method of allocating fixed time units to running processes so that it appears to users that
all processes are running simultaneously
UNIX (324) A multitasking, multiuser, command line operating system known for its stability and
reliability
Wildcard (341) A symbol that stands for one or more characters, used in selecting files or directories Windows (324) A popular Microsoft GUI operating system for intel based systems
Trang 3Test Yourself:
1.) What is the first program loaded into memory when a computer is started?
The operating system is the first program loaded into memory when a computer is started
2.) Special programs designed to allow the computer to communicate with peripheral devices are called what?
3.) What is the CORE program of an OS called?
The CORE program of an OS called the Kernel
4.) What is multi-tasking?
Is an operating system‘s capability to effectively support more than one process running at a time 5.) What is multi-processing?
Is the coordinated execution of a process, using two or more CPUs at the same time
6.) What are the four main categories of OS functions?
The four main categories of operating system functions are:
Providing a user interface
Managing processes
Managing resources (inc memory)
Providing security 7.) What are the two basic types of user interfaces in an OS?
The two basic types of user interfaces in an operating system are:
Command-Line Interface
Graphical User Interface [GUI]
8.) What is a process in an operating System?
A process in an Operating System is each program you run Processes might then start other processes
to support them
9.) What method allows multiple processes to share the CPU?
The method allows multiple processes to share the CPU is called Time Slicing
10.) What is the purpose of an interrupt handler?
The purpose of an interrupt handler is to allow processes and hardware I/O devices to interrupt the Processors’ normal executing so that it can handle specific tasks
11.) Folders and files in an operating system are organized into what type of structure?
Folders and files in an operating system are organized into treelike structure
12.) In Linux, how do you access information on operating system commands?
In Linux, you access information on operating system commands by using the ls command
13.) What is the purpose of formatting a disk?
The purpose of formatting a disk is to arrange the disk surface into addressable areas and to set
up the basic directory tree structure on the disk
Trang 414.) Give an example of a case-sensitive operating system
Linux is a case-sensitive operating system
15.) What command is used in Linux to create a folder?
The command that is used in Linux to create a folder is: mkdir directory name
16.) What command is used in Linux to list folders and files on a drive?
The command is used in Linux to list folders and files on a drive is: ls
17.) In an operating system, what is a wild card?
A wild card is a symbol that stands for one or more characters, used in selecting files or directories
18.) In Windows, what key is used to rename a file?
In Windows, the key used to rename a file is F2
19.) For what task is Plug and Play used in an OS?
PnP is a technology that allows the OS and hardware to work together to detect and configure I/O devices automatically
20.) Do PDA devices require an OS?
PDA devices DO require an operating system.
Practice Exercises:
DOS
Trang 510.) The process of arranges the disk’s surface into addressable areas and sets up the disk’s basic directory tree structure
11.) The main level of a disk is called the:
12.) Windows is case-sensitive
13.) In Windows, the md command must be used to create a folder
14.) What is the Linux command to list files and folders on a disk?
ls
15.) Which of the following is the Linux command to rename files?
mv
16.) The Linux command for deleting a folder is:
17.) In Windows Explorer you can select multiple folders and files by using the left mouse button combined with which of the following:
18.) The Linux wildcard _ can be used to match multiple characters
*
19.) The Linux command to delete a file is:
rm
20.) The Windows Explorer can be used to drag and drop both files and folders