Ta sử dụng câu điều kiện loại 1 để đặt ra một điều kiện có thể thực hiện được trong hiện tại và nêu kết quả có thể xảy ra.. Câu tường thuật _ Câu tường thuật dùng để thuật lại lời nĩi c
Trang 2UNIT 7 (Review)
1 The present perfect (thì hiện tại hồn thành)
(-) S+ have/ has not+ Ved/V3 (?) Have/ has + S+ Ved/V3?
Cách dùng:
a Diễn tả một hành động trong quá khứ , cịn kéo dài tới hiện tại và tương lai
Ex: My friend Nam has lived in HCMC since 1998
We have learned English for 7 years
b Một hành động vừa mới xảy ra
Ex: I have just finished my homework
Lưu ý:
* SINCE: Chỉ mốc thời gian (2000, September, I last saw you, )
* FOR: Chỉ khoảng thời gian (3 months, a long time, ages, …)
Các trạng từ thường dùng: just (vừa mới), recently/lately (gần đây), ever (đã từng), never (chưa
bao giờ), yet (chưa), already (rồi), since (từ khi), for (khoảng)
Exercise
A Chia động từ ở thì hiện tại hồn thành
1 There is no more cheese I (eat)……… it all, I’m afraid
2 The bill isn’t right They (make)………… a mistake
3 Don’t you want to see this programme? It ………….(start)
4 It’ll soon get warm in here I (turn)……… the heating on
5 ………They (pay)…… money for your mother?
6 Someone (take)……… my bicycle
7 Wait for few minutes, please! I (finish)……… my dinner
8 ………You ever (eat)………… Sushi?
9 She (not/come)……… here for a long time
10 I (work) ………… here for three years
B Chọn đáp án đúng
Trang 31 When the school?
A) have you joined B) did you joined
C) did you join D) have you ever joined
2 _ in England?
A) Did you ever worked B) Have you ever worked
3 That's the best speech _
B) I never heard B) I didn't hear
C) I used to hear D) I've ever heard
4 He's the most difficult housemate _
A) I never dealt with B) I never had to deal with
C) I've ever had to deal with D) I've never had to deal with
5 to him last week
6 _a contract last year and it is still valid
7 from a business trip to France
C) I never came back D) I've just come back
8 Prices in 1995 but then _ in 1996
A) rised _ falled B) rose _ fell
Trang 4C) have risen _ have fallen D) rose _ have fallen
9 I can't believe that the news
A) you haven't read B) you didn't read
C) you don't read D) you read not
10 I English for 5 years
Unit 8 THE STORY OF MY VILLAGE
1 Vocabulary
Trang 52 Câu điều kiện loại 1
a Khái niệm
Câu điều kiện loại 1 còn có thể được gọi là câu điều kiện hiện tại có thể có thật Ta sử dụng câu điều kiện loại 1 để đặt ra một điều kiện có thể thực hiện được trong hiện tại và nêu kết quả có thể xảy ra
Ví dụ:
If you come into my garden, my dog will bite you
Should you come into my garden, my dog will bite you
Exercise
A Chọn đáp án đúng
Trang 61 If you _ my advice, you'll accept it
Trang 7c would get back
1 If you (send) the letter today, it'll arrive tomorrow
2 If you don't study, you (pass) the exam
3 If it rains, we (stay) at home
4 If it (be) _ sunny, we'll go to the beach
5 If that shop (be) closed, we'll go to another one
6 If you (want) , we'll go to the park
7 If Adam (arrive) _ late, his father will be upset
8 If you work hard, you (get) _ a bonus
9 If it isn't expensive, I (buy) _ two
Trang 810 If you (call) me, I won't answer the phone
b
If I (study) _ , I (pass) _ the exams
If the sun (shine) , we (walk) _ to the town
If he (have) a temperature, he (see) _ the doctor
If my friends (come) _, I (be) very happy
If she (earn) _ a lot of money, she (fly) _ to New York
If we (travel) _ to London, we (visit) _ the museums
If you (wear) sandals in the mountains, you (slip) on the rocks
If you (wear) sandals in the mountains, you (slip) on the rocks
If Rita (forget) _ her homework, the teacher (give) _ her a low mark
If they (go) to the disco, they (listen) _ to loud music
If you (wait) a minute, I (ask) my parents
c
If it (rain) , the children (not go) for a walk
If she (not read) the novel, she (not pass) the literature test
If I (not argue) _ with my father, he (lend) _ me his motorbike
If we (take) _ the bus, we (not arrive) in time
If Dick (not buy) _ the book, his friends (be) _ angry with him
If Tom (not tidy up) his room, Victoria (not help) _ him with the muffins
If the boys (not play) _ football, the girls (not come) _ to the football
pitch
Trang 9If you (eat) _ too much junk food, you (not lose) _ weight
If I (not make) _ breakfast tomorrow morning, my girlfriend (not love)
_ me anymore
If they (not hurry) , they (not catch) _ the train
If we meet at 9:30, we (to have) _ plenty of time
If we (to send) _ an invitation, our friends (to come) _ to our party
He (not/ to understand) you if you (to whisper)
They (not/ to survive) in the desert if they (not/ to take) extra water with them
If you (to press) CTRL + S, you (to save) the file
3 Câu tường thuật
_ Câu tường thuật dùng để thuật lại lời nĩi của người khác
- Động từ tường thuật thường gặp: said, told, thought, announced
* Câu tường thuật cĩ dạng: S + said that (told me that) + (câu kể)
Ví dụ
He said to me, “I and you will go with her father.” (Câu trực tiếp)
He told me (that) he and I would go with her father
Khi chuyển một câu trực tiếp thành câu gián tiếp ta phải đổi ba thành phần của câu:
a Ngơi
Ghi nhớ: Nhất-Chủ, Nhị- Túc, Tam- Nguyên
Cĩ nghĩa là: Ngơi thứ nhất trong câu trực tiếp (I, we) chia theo chủ từ trong mệnh đề chính
Ngơi thứ hai (you) chia theo túc từ trong mệnh đề chính
Trang 10Ngôi thứ ba (He, she, it) giữ nguyên không đổi
Ví dụ:
She said to her father: “I will go to the hospital with you”
She said that she would go to the hospital with her father
b Thì
Động từ trong câu tường thuật lùi một thì so với câu trực tiếp
…
Must had to
c Trạng từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn
Yesterday the day before Last weekThe week before/ The privious week
(The fowllowing week)
Here there
Trang 11Ví dụ: She said to me, “I met your brother yesterday.”
She told me that she had met my brother the day before
I she ( nhất chủ) Your brother my brother ( Nhị túc)
Met had met Yesterday The day before
Exercise 1: Rewrite following sentences so that the meaning stay the same
1 She said to me:”I can’t do it by myself”
She told me that
2 “I have just received a postcard from my sister,” Jake said to me
Jake told me that
3 “This story happened long ago”he said
He said that
4 “I have written this note” the boss said
The boss said that
5 Hoa said to me “I will help you in your project”
Hoa said that
6 Helen said, "I think I'll have to find a better job because I can't make both ends meet."
Helen said that
7 He said, “I will come to your house tomorrow”
He said that
8 Thu said “All the students will have a meeting next week”
Thu said that
9 Phong said “My parents are very proud of my good marks”
Phong said that
Trang 1210 The teacher said “All the homework must be done carefully”
The teacher said that ………
11 They told us “Our friends will get the award for their highest scores”
They told us that………….………
12 He said “I will go to school by bus tomorrow”
Trang 1322 “I saw her in the park two days ago” said he
He said ……… ………
4 Reported questions: (Tường thuật dạng câu hỏi)
a Yes/No questions:
S+asked + if/weather + S+V (lùi thì)
Ex: “Are you angry?” he asked
He asked whether I was angry
(Chuyển câu hỏi ở câu trực tiếp sang dạng khẳng định rồi thực hiện thay đổi thì, trạng từ chỉ thời
gian,nơi chốn,chủ ngữ,tân ngữ )
b Wh-questions:
S+ asked +O+Wh-words+S+V (lùi thì)
Ex:
“What are you talking about?”said the teacher
The teacher asked us what we were talking about
Viết lại các câu sau:
1 “Have you finished your homework?”Mom asked
Mom asked if
2.”Who has written this note?” the boss asked the secretary
The boss asked the
secretary
3 Are you going to Ho Chi Minh City next week?”Tom asked me
Tom asked
Trang 144 Does your brother live in London,Nam?”Lan asked
Lan asked if
5 Have you travelled abroad much?”he asked me
Ex ”Please wait for me here,Mary.”Tom said
Tom told Mary to wait for him there
*Phủ định: S+told+O+not to-infinitive
Ex ”Don’t talk in class”,the teacher said to us.-
->The teacher told us not to talk in class
*Reporting verbs:
Trang 15-agree, decide , offer,promise, refuse +to-infinitive
-advise, ask, encourage, invite, remind, tell, want,warn +O+to infinitive
-admit (thừa nhận), deny(phủ nhận),stop,suggest +-ing form)
Bài tập 1: Chuyển các câu trực tiếp sau đây thành câu gián tiếp (câu tường thuật)
1 "Don't repeat this mistake again!" the instructor warned the sports¬man
Trang 16
10 "Don't discuss this question now," said the chairman to the participants
Bài tập 2:
1 "Will it be safe to stay in the mountains for the night if the weather doesn't change for the better?"
we asked the guide
8 I’ll live in town till my husband returns from the expedition and when he returns, we'll go to the
seaside together," she said
9 The mother said to her son, "Sit still, please."
Trang 18KEY bài tập 1
1.The insructor warned the sportsman not to repeat that mistake again
2.The assistant told me to leave the address with the secretary
3.The manager asked the client to phone to him for an answer the next day/the following day
4.The father told the kid not to be so silly
5.The photographer told me to give a smile
6.Ann asked/begged her friend to help her make a decision
7.The librarian told the student not to leave those books on the table,but to put them back on the shelf
8.The nurse told the child to be a good girl and to sit quietly for five minutes
9.My companion advised me to leave my things there
10.The chairman asked the participants not to discuss that question at the moment
KEY bài tập 2
1.We asked the guide if it would be safe to stay in the mountains for the night if the weather didn’t changed for the better 2.The porter told me he would wake me up when the train arrived in Leeds
3.My wife told me that she would do the packing while I was away
4.He told me not to leave until he phoned me
5.The doctor said that after he left hospital they would take him to the South
6.The local man explained to me that they would wait for the fisherman to return until it got dark
7.My neighbour told me she would let me know as soon as she heard from him./
-My neighbour promised to let me know as soon as she heard from him
8.She said that she would live in town untilher husband returned from the expedition and that when he returned,they
would go to the seaside together
9 The mother told her son to sit still
Trang 1910.John asked/told his friend to come and spend a week with him
KEY bài tập 3
1.He asked me if I had travelled abroad much
2.The boss asked the secretary who had written that note
3.My friend told me she had just received a postcard from his sister
4.The chairman said that the students had also taken part in arranging the conference
5.The stranger asked me if I had been there long
6.The policeman asked the boy if he had really seen that happen with his own eyes
7.She remarked that she hoped they would have taken a decision by the end of the meeting
8.He asked her if she had watched the detective film on Tvthe day before/the previous day
9.He said that story had happened long before and that few people remembered anything about it
10.She said that she hadn’t read so interesting a book since she didn’t remember when
Choose the best answer:
1 Julia said that she _ there at noon
A is going to be B was going to be C will be D can be
2 He _ that he was leaving way that afternoon
A told me B told to me C said me D says to me
3 She said to me that she to me the Sunday before
A wrote B has written C was writing D had written
4 I _ him to sell that old motorbike
A said to B suggested C advised D recommended
5 My parents reminded me the flowers
Trang 20A remember to plant B plant C to plant D planting
6 I asked Martha to enter law school
A are you planning B is she planning
C was she planning D if she was planning
7 Nam wanted to know what time
A does the movie begin B did the movie begin C the movie begins D the movie began
8 I wondered _ the right thing
A whether I was doing B if I am doing C was I doing D am I doing
9 The scientist said the earth the sun
A goes round B is going around C went around D was going around
10 Peter said that if he rich, he _ a lot
A is – will travel B were- would travel C had been – would have travelled D was – will travel
11 They said that they had been driving through the desert
A the previous day B yesterday C the last day D Sunday previously
12 He asked the children _too much noise
A not to make B not making C don’t make D if they don’t make
13 The man said that money _ the passport to everything
A will be B is C was D can be
14 The teacher said Columbus _America in 1942
A discovered B had discovered C was discovering D would discover
15 John said he _ her since they school
A hasn’t met – left B hadn’t met - had left C hadn’t met left D didn’t meet – has left
16 The woman asked get lunch at school
Trang 21A can the children B whether the children could C if the children can D could the children
17 Laura said that when she _ to school, she saw an accident
A was walking B has walked C had been walking D has been walking
18 He asked, “Why didn’t she take the final exam?” - He asked why the final exam
A she took B did she take C she hadn’t taken D she had taken
19 Ba said he some good marks the semester before
A gets B got C had gotten D have got
20 They told their parents that they _ their best to do the test
A try B will try C are trying D would try
21 She asked me where I _ from
A come B coming C to come D came
22 She _ me whether I liked classical music or not
A ask B asks C asked D asking
23 He asked me who the editor of that book
A was B were C is D has been
24 He wants to know whether I _ back tomorrow
A come B came C will come D would come
25 I wonder why he _ love his family
26 They asked me how many children _
A if I had B had I C I have D have I
27 Thu said she had been _ the day before
A here B there C in this place D where
28 The student said that the English test _ the most difficult