WORD FAMILIES

Word families are words that look alike but have different endings.. ROOT WORD: nation ENDINGS: -al —ize?. change the original word to either a noun, verb, adjective, or adverb.. For ex

WORD FAMILIES

Word families are words that look alike but

have different endings.

ROOT WORD: nation ENDINGS: -al —ize? -ly -ity

WORDS: national nationalize nationally nationality

These endings (-al, -ize, -ly, -ity, -ful, -sion, etc.) change the original word to either a noun,

verb, adjective, or adverb

For example, the word care can be made into

an adjective (careful) or an adverb (carefully).

ASK YOURSELF THESE QUESTIONS:

 Do you need a noun? If so, does the ending

make the word a noun?

Noun endings: -ance, -ancy, -ence, -ation, -dom,

-ism, -ment, -ness, -ship, —or, —ion

INCORRECT [I was sorry to hear about his ill.] CORRECT I was sorry to hear about his illness.

 Do you need an adjective? If so, does the

ending make the word an adjective?

Adjective endings: -able, -ible, -al, -ful, -ish, -ive

INCORRECT [This is a wonder report!]

Do you need an adverb? If so, does the ending make the word an adverb?

Adverb endings: -ly, -ward, -wise

INCORRECT [She entered the data very

careful.]

CORRECT She entered the data very carefully.

 Do you need a verb? If so, does the ending

make the word a verb?

Verb endings: -en, -ify, -ize

INCORRECT [We are going to wide the

parking lot.]

CORRECT We are going to widen the parking

Verb endings: -en, -ify, -ize

To simplify (v) to make sth easier to do or understand: The application forms have now been simplified

making a problem, situation, etc seem less difficult or complicated than it really is Simplistically

(adverb)

2 In my opinion, her leaving early was a very thing to do.

(A) children

(B) childish

(C) childishly

(D) child

Adjective endings:

-able, -ible, -al, -ful, -ish, -ive

Childish (adjective) 1

connected with or typical of a

(disapproving) (of an adult)

behaving in a stupid or silly

way SYN  Immature: Don’t be

so childish! OPP  Mature

Childishly (adv.)

3 We could call the TV

stations and the opening of our new store.

(A) publicity

(B) public

(C) publicize

(D) publisher

Verb endings: -en, -ify, -ize

Opening (n) [C, usually sing.]

a ceremony to celebrate the

start of a public event or the first time a new building,

road, etc is used:

Ex: the opening of the

Olympic Games the official

opening of the new hospital

Publicity (n) the attention that

is given to sb/sth by

newspapers, television, etc.:

good / bad / adverse publicity

To publicize (BrE also

publicise) to make sth known

to the public; to advertise sth

Publisher (n) a person or

company that prepares and prints books, magazines,

newspapers or electronic

products and makes them

available to the public

4 I like my work because I

have the to make my own decisions.

(A) freed

(B) freely

(C) freedom

(D) free

Noun endings: -ance, -ancy,

-ence, -ation, -dom, -ism,

-ment, -ness, -ship, —or, —ion

To free sb/sth / yourself (from sth) to move sb/sth that is

caught or fixed on sth SYN 

release

free (adj.)

freedom (n)

freely (adv)

5 Our company believes it is the best to handle the

Noun endings: -ance, -ancy,

-ence, -ation, -dom, -ism,

-ment, -ness, -ship, —or, —ion

To handle = To deal with

To handle = To deal with

To organize (BrE also

organise) verb [vn] to arrange for sth to happen or to be

provided: to organize a

meeting / party / trip.

Organization (n)

Organizational (adj.)

6 Most meetings are not

as as this one was.

(A) interested

(B) interestingly

(C) interest

(D) interesting

Adjective endings:

-able, -ible, -al, -ful, -ish, -ive

Interested (in sth/sb) | interested (in doing sth) | interested (to do sth)

1 giving your attention to sth

because you enjoy finding out

about it or doing it.

2 showing interest in sth and

finding it exciting: Ex: I’m very interested in history

Interesting (to do sth) |

interesting (that … )

attracting your attention

because it is special, exciting

or unusual:

Ex: an interesting

question / point / example

Interest (in sb/sth) (n) the

feeling that you have when

you want to know or learn

more about sb/sth:

Ex: to feel/have/show/express (an) interest in sth

7 A doctor’s manner makes patients feel

Friendship (with sb) | friendship (between A and B)

1 a relationship between friends:

a close / lasting / lifelong

Manner [sing.] the way that sb

behaves and speaks towards other people: Ex: to have an aggressive  / a friendly / a relaxed manner

Manners [pl.] behaviour that is

considered to be polite in a

particular society or culture: Ex:

to have good / bad manners

8 It was very of the boss to buy us those nice gifts.

(A) thoughtless

(B) thoughtful

(C) thought

(D) thoughtfully

Adjective endings:

-able, -ible, -al, -ful, -ish, -ive

Thoughtful (adj.) showing that you think about and care for other

people SYN  Considerate, Kind: It was very thoughtful of you to send the flowers.

9 One of your duties will be some typing.

(A) light

(B) lightened

(C) lighten

(D) lightness

Light (adj.)

To lighten (verb) [vn] to

reduce the amount of work, debt, worry, etc that sb has SYN To lessen

lightness (n)

Light (adj) + en = Lighten (v)

10 She would like a raise, not just a few dollars.

(A) really

(B) realist

(D) reality

Raise (n) an increase in the

money you are paid for the

work you do: I’m going to ask for a rise.

Realist (noun) 1 a person who

accepts and deals with a situation

as it really is and does not try to pretend that it is different: I’m a realist—I know you can’t change people overnight 2 a writer,

painter, etc whose work

represents things as they are in

real life

Reality (n) (pl -ies) 1[U] the true

situation and the problems that

actually exist in life, in contrast to

how you would like life to be: She

refuses to face reality

Real (adj.) actually existing or

happening and not imagined or

pretended: It wasn’t a ghost; it was a real person

THANK YOU!