Phonetics co bai tap

Phonetics English Vowels and Consonants A.. Objectives: - Students review English vowels and consonants studied in English 10 - Students can pronounce exactly vowels and consonants symb

Phonetics English Vowels and Consonants

A Objectives:

- Students review English vowels and consonants studied in English 10

- Students can pronounce exactly vowels and consonants symbols and in a word

- Students can do the exercises about phonetics

B Teaching aids:

- Lesson plan, handouts, projector, cassette, tape

C Procedure:

- Teacher reviews phonetics symbols and give examples for each

- Play the tape for Sts to listen to the sound clearly

- Call on some sts to practise reading

- Give sts handouts of exercises

- Students do exercises and teacher corrects the answer

Phonetic symbols

I Vowels: 22

1 Short vowels: 9

di d cat cup ten about sit got put happy

2 Long vowels: 5

father fur see saw too

3 Dipthongs: 8

now hair near pure my say boy go

II Consonants: 24

1 Voiced consonants: 15

/b/ bin, lab / / gene, jar, gradual

/v/ vine, live /r/ rip, narrow, year

/ð/ this, bathe, either /j/ year, young

/d/ den, lid, hugged /g/ get, leg

/z/ zoo, easy, lose, eggs /ŋ/ sing, anger, anchor

/n/ pin, manner, listen /w/ witch, which, reward

/l/ lip, sell, castle

u

actual

U

2 Voiceless consonants: 9

The pronunciation of the ending “s” and “ed”

1 The pronunciation of the ending “s”

The basic rule:

a “s” is pronounced /z/ after voiced sounds (except z, , )

E.g: bags, kids, days…

b “s” is pronounced /s/ after voiceless sounds (except s, , ) )0))))

E.g: bats, kits, dates…

c “s” is pronounced /IZ/ after z, s, , , , )

E.g: washes, kisses, oranges…

2 The pronunciation of the ending “ed”

The basic rule:

a verbs ending with “ed” are pronounced / d / after voiced sounds (except / d / )

E.g: rained, arrived, explained…

b verbs ending with “ed” are pronounced / t / after voiceless sounds (except / t /)

E.g: walked, jumped, missed…

c verbs ending with “ed” are pronounced / Id / after / t / and / d /

E.g: wanted, needed, mended, started…

Exercise 1: Circle the words which underlined part is pronounced differently from that of other words

4 A character B mechanic C chemistry D parachute

6 A scary B category C vacancy D apply

7 A remember B recommend C relate D reduce

8 A challenge B chance C achievement D scholarship

11 A breath B beach C teach D heat

12 A worked B forced C caused D stopped

20 A dentist B animal C hospital D vital

Exercise 2: Odd word out Write the word with a different sound:

sit ski - leave - sit - sea - key

cat - bag - hand - dark - bad

hot - doctor - wrong - stop - sport

money - mother - home - some - nothing

glass - talk - father - can´t - park

video - pencil - tennis - men - bed

think - field - this - Italy - big

forty - more - short - born - actor

June - curly - fruit - true - flu

name - orange - train - plane - they

five - like - live - fine - nice

- case - this - these - cat - many - short - case - tree - small

- about - enjoy - idea - large - about - say - bone - telephone - rock

- - boat - love - how - lawyer - again - tomato - honey - young - - chips - film - very - leave - many - build - said - university - - are - bank - wash - steal - farm - ugly - name - fly

- - busy - heart - dance - aloud - aunt - have - park - mustn´t

- - sell - America - world - women - piece - Greece - shoe - Europe - - money - birthday - banana - read - tree - jazz - hotel - key

- - stand - fat - sea - what - sun - large - lunch - mother

- - run - busy - you - book - but - one - university - laugh

- - pull - Saturday - fruit - woman - build - good - Sunday - understand - - lion - light - meet - field - these - live - life - suitable

- - read - said - when - father - does - Spain - tell - feel

- - without - brother - bathroom - father - zebra - this - zero - zoo

- - helped - loved - played - lived - wanted - liked - washed - called - - kissed - waited - needed - opened - asked - liked - laughed - walked - - stayed - changed - hated - stopped - begged - arrived - started - rained

Exercise 3: Read the following groups of words Which word in each group has a different sound? - Fill in the blanks in the following exercise with them:

- castle time - pattern - castle - spelt

- knocks wears - does - loves - knocks

- stayed - looked - pulled - weighed

- look - good - blood - foot

- dead - mean - bread - head

- rented - landed - assisted - opened

- thought - around - sound - house

- York - born - Ford - Oxford

- lives - reads - writes - begs

- kissed - smiled - studied - agreed

- day - days - say - says

- agrees - makes - stops - cooks

- though - brought - ought - thought

- night - fifth - sight - climb

- museum - use - music - busy

- moon - food - foot - poodle

- jeans - steak - sea - weak

- studies - runs - wishes - goes

- played - helped - laughed - walked

- heart - earth - heard - search

- marry - dance - hand - sat

- worry - horror - terror - mirror

- piece - ladies - niece - field

- half - have - has - ham

- oven - colour - son - gone

- hotel - hot - hotter - pot

- books - rose - same - kisses

- cheese - achieve - ache - beach

- soldier - drive - dry – sound

Stress

A Objectives:

- Students review English stress in words of more than two syllables

- Students can do the exercises about phonetics

B Teaching aids:

- Lesson plan, handouts, projector

C Procedure:

- Teacher teaches some rules to put the stress on words of two syllables and more

than that

- Students take notes, give examples and do exercises to master the knowledge

Contents:

I Two syllable words.

1 Two syllable verbs: stress often falls on the final syllable if it is/ contains:

+ a long vowel: refer, inform, repeat…

+ a dipthong (but / / ) : design, divide… ( borrow…)

+ more than 1 final consonant: perfect, intend, attend…

2 Two syllable nouns: stress often falls on the final syllable if it is/ contains:

+ a long vowel: routine

+ a dipthong ( but / / ): design… ( sorrow, window…)

3 Two syllable adjectives: are stressed according to the same rules as Verbs

e.g: correct, polite, technique, idea, heavy, happy, sincere…

4 Other 2-syllable words: Adverbs and Prepositions: seem to behave like Verbs and Adjs

E.g: again, before, behind…

II Three syllable words.

1 Three syllable verbs:

a Stress falls on the second syllable if the final syllable contains a short vowel and equal or less than 1 consonant:

E.g: consider, determine, interpret

b … On the third syllable if it:

+ a long vowel: introduce

+ a dipthong (but / /): entertain

+ more than 1 final consonant: resurrect

c …On the first syllable if the third one is:

+ _ate: concentrate, educate

+ _ fy: certify, terrify, satisfy

+ _ise/ize: critisise, standardize

2 Three syllable nouns:

a Stress falls on the second syllable if

+ the final syllable has a short vowel, but / /:

+ the 2nd syllable has a long vowel, a dipthong or more than 1 final const.

e.g: potato, disaster, mimosa…

b …On the first syllable if:

+ second syllable has a short vowel and equal or less than 1 final consonant

+ third syllable has a short vowel, but / /

e.g: cinema, camera, evidence…

c On the first syllable if the final one is/has:

+ a long vowel: photograph

+ a dipthong: marigold

+ more than 1 final const: intellect

d On the third syllable: magazine, lemonade, expertise…

3 Three syllable Adjectives = rule of Nouns

e.g: possible, insolent, opportune, important, similar, accurate, popular…

III Complex words.

1 Primary stress on affix

-ee, -eer, -ette, -ese, -esque, -ique, -ology, -semi

E.g: refugee, volunteer, cigarette, vietnamese, picturesque, unique, technology, semicircle

2 Unchanged primary stress on stem:

-able: comfort- comfortable

-al: refuse- refusal

-ish: devil – devilish

-hood: child- childhood

-ful, -in/-im, -ise, -ly, -ing, -like, -wise, -less, -ment, -ness, -ship,- ous, -un, -age,

under-3 Changed primary stress on stem:

- eous: advantage- advantageous

-graphy: photo- photography

-ic: climate- climatic

-ial: industry- industrial

-ion: perfect- perfection

-ity: able- ability

IV Conpound words

* The first word is a noun: stress falls on it:

e.g: car ferry, suit case, post office, bottle feed, tea cup, farm house, greenhouse,

…

* The first words is an adj or adv, stress falls on the second word:

e.g: loudspeaker, full moon, fast-food, new moon, open hearted, ill mannered, easy going…