Nung n6ng ch6t ran rdi khrl bang t6ch cho lu6ng khi Hd hoflc co du di qua ta thu du-o.. Lqc 6y Cu vi dung dich nu6c lgc B' Nung Cu tong khdng khi d nhiet dQ cao ta duo.. - Lgc 6y tet ma
Trang 1so crAo DUC vA DAq r4o
rimr rnar NcwEN
rrn ruvEN srNH LoP 10 rHPT cnuYtN
NAwI Hec 2oL6 :20!
Thdi gian lim bii:150 phrit (khdng tC AOi gian giao de)
Ciu 1: 1t,S AiOm;
1 Hoan thenh PTHH theo c6c so đ sau, chi 16 circ chdttu Xr diSn Xs :
AlCls * X1 ) Yr+ COz+ NaCl
Xz + Xs -1 412(SƠ)3 + Na2SOa + HzO
Xr + Xl+ CO2 + """'
Xz+BăOFI)z+fưHzO
X1+NaOH+Xs+HzO
2 C6 5 il t o" triiui *6iorr#rhaa cap ctr6t ran riOng biet sau : KCl, KzCor, KzSơ, BaCo3, BaSon'
chi ttugc dung 2 hd"hd,
-Iern
,ililth,i, t av ,na" bi67 c6c ch6t ran trcn vitit c6c PTttrI xiy rạ
IID:
1
AlClg + 3NaHCOr+ Al(OH)r{ + 3COzf +:NaCl
zii(om, + 6NaHSơ+ A1z(sou)3 + 3Na2Soa + 6Hzo
Cx3)
NaHCOs + NaHSƠ -+ COzt + Na2SO4 + H2O
2Al(OfDr + BăOfD2 + BăAlO 2)2 + +H2O
(&)
NaHCOs + NaOH + NazCOl + H2O
(xs) Z.LdymQt it mSi chi6t nCn ra cac'-6ng nehigm kh6c nhau c6 ttanh diú
- cho nu6c t6n 1on,1l6],6g6"g
"gr,ieriva 6c dA,, ta nhan ru2 chitlfiong tan h Bacor vi Basớ
- suc khi colvio ; i;s-;;h|9[-;f6; ,h#;r" ih6"s-fu rcn, 5r,g nenie- nao ch6t r'in tan, ong tI6
ftmg BaCO3.Ong'cdn lPi li BaSỢ
CO2 + H2O + BaCOr+ BăHCOg)z
- L6y dung dich BăHCOs)zvua thu duọ c-& t6n cho t6c dlrng mn luqt voi 3 dung dich chria 3 chf,t
KCl, KzCOr, KzSOẹ
;6;" ,-f,i6 kh6ng c6 hiQn tuqng gi ld 6ng nghiQm chira KCÍ
+ z ileighiem ttr6y xu6t hign ktit tua chrla KzCOs vd KzSOá
BăHCOr)z + KzCOs -+ BaCOg J + 2KHCOT
_ sec khi coz vio 2 6ng,rn?il:fủIJr,YfJu],??ịo,.,",1,frff:ỉ.ú1p wru6ng nehi€m d6
chda ktit tua Bacor, h6a chit ban d6u iaEcor Orig nghieir Jo" iai chta h6a ch6t ban ttiu Ii Kzsớ
COz + HzO + BaCOr + BăHCOg)z
Ciu 2: (1,5 ili6m)
1 Tdnh biy phuong phip h6a hqc dC tach ri6ng ttng oxit ra ktr6i h$n hqrp g6m : CuO, Al2O3 vi
HD:
ffi-U6n hqp vio dung dich NaOH dú Chi c6 AlzOa phan img:
AlzOt + 2NaOH + 2NaA1O2+H2O Lgc 16y ch6t ran kh6ng tan li CuO, FezO3 vi dung dlch nudc lqc Á
Trang 2Nung n6ng ch6t ran rdi khrl bang t6ch cho lu6ng khi Hd hoflc co) du di qua ta thu du-o c h6n hqp ch6t ran g6m zkimlo4i Cu, Fe
CuO+ ]HrL Cu + HzO
Fe2o3 + 3Hz " > 2Fe + 3Hzo.
- Hoi tan h5n hqp kim loai blng dung dich anit HCl ( du) '
Xiryraphanimg: Fe + 2HCl + FeClz + H1
Cu kh6ng phan rmg Lqc 6y Cu vi dung dich nu6c lgc B'
Nung Cu tong khdng khi d nhiet dQ cao ta duo c CuO : 2Cu + Or* 2CuO
'-'L6i-J""g
Aittg tfti Oro cho t6c dung vOi aa NaOH du-+ thu clu-o c tiSt tua Fe(OH)z
FeClz + 2 NaOH + Fe(OH)zJ + 2 NaCl
- Lgc 6y tet ma Fe(OFI)z vi nung trong ktr6ng kfii d nhiet dQ cao ta thu du-o c Fe2O3.
2Fe(Of!3 -$ FezO: + 3HzO - ,
- Th6i tu tt rttin du khi Coz veo dung dich A thu duo c kct A(orDr Lqc kist tua vi nung d nhiet d0
cao thu du-cYc AlzO:.
NaAlOz +COz+ ZHzO -+A1(Otf3l + NaHCOs
2N(OrDrJ+AlzOr + 3HzO'
2 Nung chi*rhnf o orrie, dQ cao thu duo.c i',Artri^Q mnu tr[ng vi khi C kh61s.P*
tha] B phan gng milh ligt voi nu6c tpo thenh dung dich D hm h61e nhgnolphtalei Khi C lim vdn cfuc dung
oici p I(hi cho B tac dgng voi cacbonb oniet iQ cao,thi thu duo c chAt E vi giii ph6ng khi F Cho E phan rmg voi nu6c thi thutuqc khi kh6ng miu G o6t ctuiy G thu dugc nudc vi khi C X6c <linh cic
"niit e, E, c, D, E, F, G vi vilit c6c PTIIH xiy ra
IID:
(A) (B) (c)
(D) (c)
to
(B) (E) (F)
CaC2 + zHzO -+ Ca(Offu + CzHz (5)
Ciu 3: (1,5 ili6m)
1 Vi6,r c6c PTHH xiy ra theo so rt6 sar,, ghi 16 tti6u kiQn phan rmg (neu co) graSi mti ten chi duqc vi6t mOt PTHTD
=Xt1& -+Cao suBuna
Xr *Xz€Xs -+ PE
\>k+Pvc
(2)
(3)
Trang 3Biiit rang X1 ld hgp ch6t chi6m chri ytiu trong thanh phan khi thi0n nhi6n.Y,2,X3,X4,X5, )k li c6c chAt
htiu co
2 Nhan bi6t cas kfii sau tlpg tong c6c 19 ri6ng biQt bi
cacbonnic, etilen, axetilen, metan
HD:
1.
t.zcHA#W czHz+3Hz
Z.ZCrllrW CH=C-CH:CHz
3 CH=C-CH:CH2 +tlr- ,,LY CHr:g11-aH=CHz
m6t nnan bing phucrng ph6p ho6 hec:
4 nCH:=CH-CH=CHz + CCH2-CH{H-CHz-),
S.CzIh*Hr# Crfu
6 nCHz:CHz e''oc , CCHz-CHz-)n
7.CzHz+HCl # CHz:CHCI
8 nCHz=CHCI Proc > (-CHz-CHC1-)n
,
- DIn 4 ktri qua nudc v6i tong khi nio lim nu6c vdi trong bi van dpc li COz
CO2 +Ca(OH)z-+ CaCOs + HzO
3 klri kh6ng hiQntuqng h CH4, CzH+,CzHz
- DAn 3 khi cdn lpi qua dd agNOrAUl: ktri nao phmg teo k6t tua miu vang li CzI7z
CzElz+ 2AgNO: + 2NH3+ AgzCz+ 2NtI+NOl
- Cho 2 khi cdn ler qua dung dlch brom khf nio ldm mdt miu nudc brom li C2FIa
Czfu+Brz-> CzHtBrz
Cdn lai h CH4
@[: (2,0 tli6m)
DE phAn tich h5n hqp b6J g6m sit vi siit oxit ngrri ta ti6n henh cac thi nghiQm sau:
Thi ngbiQn 1: Hda hn 8,08 gam b6J cua h5n hqp nay tuong HCI1,32M (du), thu ttugrc 0,,148 lit khi d DKTC
vidurg diphA:
Thi nghigm 2: Cho dyng qiSh A tric dpng ,"* d*g dich NaOH du, qun n6ng fiong klr6ng khi, lQc ktit ttra va
"*g A *,iet d$ cao 46" [nOi hrqng kh6ngd6i thu thrqc 8,8 gam sen phdm.
a" Tfntr ttranh pt An ptrAn mm vC t<tr6i hgng ctn c6cdr4t c6 tong h5n hqp ban t16u
b Xtic tfnh c6ng thuc sit oxit
c Tinh thO tich dung dlch HCI tOi tfri6u can dung toong thi nglrQm 1.
HD:
Ggi c6ng thric sit oxit li Fe*Oy
Fe + 2HCl -+ FeCl2+ Hz t (1)
->
(3x - 2y) FeCl2+Qy - 2x) FeCl3 + y H2O (2)
Khitho6t rasauthinghiQm I li:0,448 litH2tuong,hrg H =0,02(mol)
22.4
Tir(l): ttF" = flH, =0,02(mol)
) ffir"=0,02.56=1,12(9) 9 rfrr"e, = 8,08-1,12=6,96(g)
HS tinh biy c6ch tfnh phen ffim kh6i luqng ckc chf*trong hh:
J
:1i1::r.3Ee@.}itr{s8$4*j@M&i*a*i
Trang 4o/onr
r"= l3,86Yo; %m(Fe*Or) :86,14%o
trct thric thi nghiQm 1: dd A g6m FeCl2; HCI du vi c6 t}r6 c6 FeClg
Cho dd A trlc 4mg NaOH: FeClz + 2NaOH -+Fe(OtI)z+ 2NaCl (3)
FeCl: + 3NaOH +Fe(OH)s + 3NaCl C4)
Dun n6ng trong kl6ng kh1 4Fe(OH)z + 02 * 2H2O '0 > 4Fe(OFI)g (5)
Nung t<5t ma iliin kh6i luqng k*r6ng eOi: ZfelOlDr4f'e2O3 * 3HzO (6)
Luqng FezOr thu ttugc ln do chuyen h6atu: Fe vi Fe*O, ban ttiu'
Tit (1), (3), (5); (6): crl 2 molFe t4o ra 1 mol FezOg+ 0'02 mol Fe t4o ra 0'01 mol FezOr
+lugngFe2O3cluo.ct4oratirFe*Orli:8,8-0,01'160:7'2(g)tuorlgrmg0'045mol
Ttr(2), (3), (4), (5), (6): CtZ molFe*O, t?o ra x mol Fe2O3
=
0,09
mol Fe*ov t4oru0,045mol Fezos=Ta c6 phucrng trinh: o'!' (tu* + 16y) :6'96
xx
4
L
=1= c6ng thric sit oxit: Fe:O+
y4
56 mot HCl t6i thieu de hda tan h5n hqrp ban diu: (l) vn (7) H: 0,04 +
ffS=0,28(mol)
mc Ucn dd HCI (1,32M) toi tnieu:
#=0,2721(lit) Ciu 5: (1,5 tli6m)
H5n hqp ran X g6m nh6m vi kim 1o4i kidm M Hoi tan hoan todn 6,36 gam X tong lugng
vila dt dung dich a:rit HzSO+ lo6ng thu dugc 4,928lit1z& DKTC vi dung dich Y (chi gdm mu6i
sunfar trunghon) cho y tac dung voi lugmg vira <tt dung dich Ba(oH)z eho toiktri g5c sunfatchuy&I
n6t tfrann t6t tua thi thu dugc 54,38 gam kiSt tua'
a.XindinhkimloaiM - ^.^ r r r-4^ t2- ^:.
b Cho them 3,48 gam mutii MzSO+ vio dung dich Y thu dugc dung dich Z' Tilnhanh ktit tinh cdn th6n dung dichZ,fr" 6"il 5O,S-S gam tinh tndmuOi k6p c6 c6ng thric d4ng aMrSq'bAlr(SOo)''cH'O'
X6c dinhcdng thric ctiatinh th6 mudi k6p'
HD:
PT h6a hgc cfra Phan fng
2N + fHrSOo+ A12(SO4)3 + 3H, Q)
etrlSO*; + 3Ba(OH)r+3BaSOo + 2A1(OH), (4)
uiju + A(oH)3+ MAlo, + 2wro (5)
D[t x, y ldn lugt li sd mol ctra M; Al trong 6,36 gamhh X (x; y > 0)
Theo bii ta c6: M'x + 27 'Y = 5'36 (I)
n n2 =4'928 2214 =o,Zbmol
4
Trang 5TU (1), (2) nn, - xlT + 3yl2 =0,22 =2 x + 3y =0,44 GD
Tt(1), (2),(3),(4)tac6 nBoso -(lHz =0,22mo|
=)l[Busoo =0,22 '233 = 5l'268 < 54'389
=2 Trong kdt ttra c6 A1(OH)r:
ffiu(orr), = 54'38 - 5L'26 = 3'l2g =)rlat(on)'
Theo (5) c6 n^,o* bi hon tan = rl,on = x
=>tre1(oH), ksttie = Y - x = 0,04 @)
Tt (I), (tr), (m) c6 hQ: [tr't.x + 27.v = $,36
* + 3Y =0,44 =>
[- x = 0,04 Vfly kim lo4i kidm M li Kali (K)
Theo dA:n*zson th@6 vio = 3,481174 = 0,02mo1
=;, Sau tiri thcm c6: n^r,ro,), = 0,06mol
=) [Ir 1116 tdt ti*= 56,88 * 0'06'17 4 - 0'06342 = 25'929
=)(Igrekdt *=25,92118 = 1,44mol
C6 a : b : c = 0,06 : 0,06 : 1,44= t : L :24
Cf,u 6: (2,0 ili6m)
Cho 1 14,3 gamhdn hqp A gdm 1 ancol dcrn chrtc vi 1 u<it cacboxylic dcrn chrlc Chia A ftenh
3 phan b[ng nhau:
- PhAn 1: T6c dpng het voi Na, thu dugc 8,4 lit Hz 0 DKTC'
- Phin 2tDbtch6yhoantoanthu duo.c 59,4 gam CO2y-"9 gi-
"y-""' ,,.
- phin 3: Tfurc nien pf,an img este h6a voi fieo toArO0% Sau phan rmg thiy c6 3,24 gam nudc sinh ra
1 X6c ttinh c6ng thrlc phdn tt}, vi6t c6ng thtic cAu t4o cria c6c chtit tong A vi cia este t4o thanh'
2 Tioh b
fiO, Oat c6ng thrlc ancol don chric leROH, arit cacboxylic don chrlc liR'COOH
Phfln 1:
ROH+Na+RoNa *|H, trl
I
R'COOH +Na + R'COONa +
1Hz Q)
Theo (l), (2): -+ ,r\nr=z.nH2=,
#=0,75(mol)
PhAn 3:
ROH + R'COOH -+ R'COOR + H2O (3)
nn,o')=#=o,l8mol
=3,12fi8 = 0,04mo1
K= 0,08
-lv = o,tz
U=rg
Trang 6Theo (3): * flnoneu)= zp,cooH(po> =bStnol
Gqi n m tEong rmg h s5 nguyen tr} C trong ancol, axit cacboxylic
+c6 hai trulng hqrP:
Trnime hoD 1: flRoH =0,3mol ) fl*coont=0'45mol
-> 2n+ 3m:9+ n:3 , m = 1
lcrH,o:o,3mol
= Ai\ucoott:o,45mol
I
M[tkhdc, i*n=Q2.3+t+16).0,3 +46'0,45=ry )t =6
5
Vpy CTPT, CTCT cic chdttrong A:C:H6O (CHz{H-CHz-O}I); HCOOH
CTCT ctia este: HCOO-CHz-CH:CHz'
Tinhb:
CrHeO -) 3HzO
0,3 0,9
HCOOH + HzO
0,45 0,45
->b : (0,9 + 0,45) 18 = 24,3 garl
Truirng hop 2l flncoo, =0,3mol ) frnon = 0,45mol
+ 3n *2m:9 + n= 1,m=3
s A :[cntoru :0'45mol =!*, =32.0,45+(68+r).0,3 = 38,1 ) r =ll
- lL' lcr[,or:o,3mol 3 ^
(loAi vi di6u kiQn r 32'3 = 6)
.:: H6t
'- * !