Fire prevention and fire fighting

PART C: DETAILED TEACHING SYLLABUSKnowledge, understanding and proficiency IMO Textbooks, Teaching Reference Bibliography Aid Introduction, safety and principles 0.5 hour A1 .1 lists the

Model Course 1.20

Fire Prevention

4 Albert Embankment, London SE1 7SR

Second edition 1991Revised edition 2000Printed in the United Kingdom by CPC The Printers, Portsmouth

2 4 6 8 10 9 7 5 3

ISBN 92-801-5081-2

IMO PUBLICATIONSales number: T120E

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

IMO wishes to express its sincere appreciation to the

Government of India for its valuableassistance and co-operation in the development of this course

•

Copyright © IMO 2000

All rights reserved.

No part of this publication may, for sales purposes, be produced,

stored inaretrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without prior permission in writing from the International Maritime Organization.

Page

Introduction

Competence 1: Minimize the risk of fire

Concept and application of the fire triangle to fire and explosionTypes and sources of ignition

Flammable materials commonly found on boardNeed for constant vigilance

Fire and smoke detection measures on ships and automaticalarm systems

Classification of fires and applicable extinguishing agents

Competence 3: Fight and extinguish fires

Selection of fire-fighting appliances and equipmentPrecautions for and use of fixed installationsUse of breathing apparatus for fighting firesUse of breathing apparatus for effecting rescues

Attachment: Guidance on the implementation of IMO model courses

Since its inception the International Maritime Organization has recognized the importance ofhuman resources to the development of the maritime industry and has given the highestpriority to assisting developing countries in enhancing their maritime training capabilitiesthrough the provision or improvement of maritime training facilities at national and regionallevels IMO has also responded to the needs of developing countries for postgraduate trainingfor senior personnel in administration, ports, shipping companies and maritime traininginstitutes by establishing the World Maritime University in Malmo, Sweden, in 1983.

Following the earlier adoption of the International Convention on Standards of Training,Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers, 1978, a number of IMO Member Governmentshad suggested that IMO should develop model training courses to assist in the implementation

of the Convention and in achieving a more rapid transfer of information and skills regardingnew developments in maritime technology IMO training advisers and consultants alsosubsequently determined from their visits to training establishments in developing countriesthat the provision of model courses could help instructors improve the quality of their existingcourses and enhance their effectiveness in meeting the requirements of the Convention andimplementing the associated Conference and IMO Assembly resolutions

In addition, it was appreciated that a comprehensive set of short model courses in variousfields of maritime ·training would supplement the instruction provided by maritime academiesand allow administrators and technical specialists already employed in maritimeadministrations, ports and shipping companies to improve their knowledge and skills in certainspecialized fields IMO has therefore developed the current series of model courses inresponse to these generally identified needs and with the generous assistance of Norway.These model courses may be used by any training institution and the Organization is prepared

to assist developing countries in implementing any course when the requisite financing isavailable

W A O'NEIL

Secretary-General

Introduction

The purpose of the IMO model courses is to assist maritime training institutes and theirteaching staff in organizing and introducing new training courses, or in enhancing, updating

or supplementing existing training material where the quality and effectiveness of the trainingcourses may thereby be improved

It is not the intention of the model course programme to present instructors with a rigid

"teaching package" which they are expected to "follow blindly" Nor is it the intention tosubstitute audiovisual or "programmed" material forthe instructor's presence As in all trainingendeavours, the knowledge, skills and dedication of the instructor are the key components inthe transfer of knowledge and skills to those being trained through IMO model course material

Because educational systems and the cultural backgrounds of trainees in maritime subjectsvary considerably from country to country, the model course material has been designed toidentify the basic entry requirements and trainee target group for each course in universallyapplicable terms, and the skill necessary to meet the technical intent of IMO conventions andrelated recommelJdations

To use the model course the instructor should review the course plan and detailed syllabus,taking into account the information provided under the entry standards specified in the courseframework The actual level of knowledge and skills and prior technical education of thetrainees should be kept in mind during this review, and any areas within the detailed syllabuswhich may cause difficulties because of differences between the actual trainee entry level andthat assumed by the course designer should be identified To compensate for suchdifferences, the instructor is expected to delete from the course, or reduce the emphasis on.items dealing with knowledge or skills already attained by the trainees He should also identifyany academic knowledge, skills or technical training which they may not have acquired

By analyzing the detailed syllabus and the academic knowledge required to allow training inthe technical area to proceed, the instructor can design an appropriate pre-entry course or,alternatively, insert the elements of academic knowledge required to support the technicaltraining elements concerned at appropriate points within the technical course

Adjustment of the course objectives, scope and content may also be necessary if in yourmaritime industry the trainees completing the course are to undertake duties which differ fromthe course objectives specified in the model course

Within the course plan fhe course designers have indicated their assessment of the time whichshould be allotted to each learning area However, it must be appreciated that theseallocations are arbitrary and assume that the trainees have fully met all the entry requirements

of the course The instructor should therefore review these assessments and may need toreallocate the time required to achieve each specific learning objective

• Lesson plans

Having adjusted the course content to suit the trainee intake and any revision of the courseobjectives, the instructor should draw up lesson plans based on the detailed syllabus Thedetailed syllabus contains specific references to the textbooks or teac~ing material proposedfor the course An example of a lesson plan is shown in the instructor manual on page 36.Where no adjustment has been found necessary in the learning objectives of the detailedsyllabus, the lesson plans may simply consist of the detailed syllabus with keywords or ,otherreminders added to assist the instructor in making his presentation of the material

The presentation of concepts and methodologies must be repeated in various ways until theinstructor is satisfied, by testing and evaluating the trainee's performance and achievements,that the trainee has attained each specific learning objective or training outcome The syllabus

is laid out in learning objective format and each objective specifies a required performance or, what the trainee must be able to do as the learning or training outcome. Taken as a whole,these objectives aim to meet the knowledge, understanding and proficiency specified in theappropriate tables of the STCW Code

• textbooks, technical papers

• other reference material

Thorough preparation is the key to successful implementation of the course IMO hasproduced a booklet entitled "Guidance on the implementation of IMO model courses", whichdeals with this aspect in greater detail

The standards of competence that have to be met by seafarers are defined in Part A of theSTCW Code in the Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for SeafarersConvention, as amended in 1995 This IMO model course has been revised and updated tocover the competences in STCW 1995 It sets out the education and training to achieve thosestandards set out in Chapter VI Table A-VI/1-2

Part A provides the framework for the course with its aims and objectives and notes on thesuggested teaching facilities and equipment A list of useful teaching aids, IMO referencesand textbooks is also included

Part B provides an outline of lectures, demonstrations and exercises for the course Asuggested timetable is included but from the teaching and learning point of view, it is moreimportant that the trainee achieves the minimum standard of competence defined in the STCWCode than that a strict timetable is followed Depending on their experience and ability, somestudents will naturally take longer to become proficient in some topics than in others Alsoincluded in this section are guidance notes and additional explanations

A separate IMO model course addresses Assessment of Competence This course explainsthe use of various methods for demonstrating competence and criteria for evaluatingcompetence as tabulated in the STCW Code

Part C gives the Detailed Teaching Syllabus This is based on the theoretical and practicalknowledge specified in the STCW Code It is written as a series of learning objectives, in otherwords what the trainee is expected to be able to do as a result of the teaching and training.Each of the objectives is expanded to define a required performance of knowledge,understanding and proficiency IMO references, textbook references and suggested teachingaids are included to assist the teacher in designing lessons

The new training requirements for these competences are addressed in the appropriate parts

of the detailed teaching syllabus

Part D gives guidance notes and additional explanations

The Convention defines the minimum standards to be maintained in Part A of the STCWCode Mandatory provisions concerning Training and Assessment are given in Section A-I/G

of the STCW Code These provisions cover: qualification of instructors; supervisors asassessors; in-service training; assessment of competence; and training and assessment within

an institution The corresponding Part B of the STCW Code contains non-mandatory guidance

on training and assessment

As previously mentioned a separate model course addresses Assessment of Competence and

use of the criteria for evaluating competence tabulated in the STCW Code

In reaching a decision in this regard, the Sub-Committee was guided by the advice of aValidation Group comprised of representatives designated by ILO and IMO

3

Part A: Course Framework

A-Entry standards

The course is open to all seafarers and prospective seafarers and should be completed prior

to employment on a sea-going ship All trainees must be certified by a doctor to be in goodhealth

Course certificate

On successful completion of the course and demonstration of competence, a document may

be issued certifying that the holder has met the standard of competence specified in Table VV1-2 of STCW 1995

A-A certificate may be issued only by centres approved by the A-Administration

Course intake limitations

The maximum number of trainees attending each session will depend on the availability ofinstructors, equipment and facilities available for conducting the training Any practical trainingshould be undertaken in small groups of not more than six trainees per instructor

Staff requirements

The instructor shall have appropriate training in instructional techniques and training methods(STCW Code A-1/6, pa.7) In addition, all training and instruction should be given by qualifiedpersonnel; the senior instructor, having considerable experience in fire safety and fire-fightingtechniques, should have a good knowledge of ships, including stability considerations Allassistant instructors should have practical knowledge of fire fighting and should be familiar withships During any practical training one instructor must be in charge of each group Staff may

be recruited from the local fire brigade

Training facilities and equipment

Ordinary classroom facilities and an overhead projector are sufficient for the theoretical part

of the course When making use of audiovisual material such as videos or slides, make surethe appropriate equipment is available In addition, a demonstration table measuring 3 m by

1 m would be advantageous Separate rooms, equipped with a table and chairs, will also beneeded to accommodate three or four groups of trainees during case studies and other groupassignments

4

PART A: COURSE FRAMEWORK

For the practical part of the course it would be advantageous if the training facilities of a local

or port fire brigade could be used Alternatively, the following structure and equipment arerequired:

o Building for smoke and fire drills, or a similar facility (see Figure A on page 6)

o Facilities for recharging compressed-air bottles with spare parts for maintenance

o Room with work bench area for inspection and maintenance of breathing

apparatus

o 2 steel fire trays (approximately 1 m by 1 m by 0.3 m)

o 2 three-sided brick fire trays

o 2 fire hydrants with 2 outlets each, or a similar water supply from open water and

fire pump

o A large supply of carbonaceous and hydrocarbon fuels (wood, diesel and

lubricating oils, etc.) for the fire trays

o 6 dummies, for search and rescue procedures

o 6 fire hoses (65 mm diameter)

o 3 fire hoses (38 mm diameter)

o 3 branch pipes

o 6.tire nozzles (2 standard, 2 diffuser and 2 jet spray)

o 2 mechanical foam branches

o 1 generator of high-expansion foam and foam compound

o 2 stand pipes, with keys and bars to operate the hydrant supply

o 6 water extinguishers (9 litre)

o 6 foam extinguishers (9 litre)

o 6 carbon dioxide extinguishers (5 kilogram)

o 10 dry powder extinguishers (10 kilogram)

o Refills for all types of extinguishers

o 30 sets of protective clothing, overalls, gloves, fire-boots, helmets and rainproof

clothing

o 25 sets of self-contained breathing apparatus, complete with spare cylinders,

spare parts and maintenance tools (including sets for use by instructors only)

o 25 distress signal units (DSUs) for attachment to breathing apparatus sets

o Smoke generator

o Smoke helmets with air pump

o A shower at the site

o 1 stretcher

· 0 1 first-aid kit

o 1 resuscitation kit with oxygen/suction unit

o 2 sets Qf fire-protective clothing

o 2 helmets with visor and neck protector

o 2 fire axes

o 2 safety lines (36 metres long) with snaphooks

o Different types of detectors used on board ships

o Indication of escape routes in the mock-up

5

on top of the other, arranged as shown in Figure A Each container should measureapproximately 7 m by 3 m by 2 m The different rooms should be designed as follows:

o A cabin

o A corridor/open room

o An electric switchboard room

o An engine-room with a grating floor

Every room in the building must be readily accessible from the outside as a safety precaution

In addition, there should be access between rooms (1) and (2) by a manhole, between (2) and

(4) by a manhole and vertical ladder, and between (3) and (4) by a door •

Note: The location of this building and the area for fire-fighting drills should preferably be

adjacent to the lecture room, toilet and shower facilities

There should be no restrictions concerning smoke emissions in the area

Teaching aids (A)

A1 Instructor Manual (Part D of the course)

A2 Cross-sections or cross-sectional drawings of different types of fire extinguishers and

nozzles

A3 International ship-to-shore fire-hose connection

A4 Demonstration set of self-contained breathing apparatus

A5 Videos:

Fire Fighting at Sea Series:

V1 Part 1 - Fire Prevention (Edition 2) (Code No 673)

V2 Part 2 - Basic Fire Fighting (Edition 2) (Code No 674)

V3 Fire Party Operations (Code No 509)

V4 Safe Air to Breathe (Code No 431)

V5 Fire Below (Code No 245)

V6 Fire Fighting on Container Ships (Code No 602)

6

PART A: COURSE FRAMEWORK

Available from: Videotel Marine International Limited

84 Newman StreetLondon W1 P 3LD, UKTel: +44 (0)207299 1800Fax: +44 (0)207299 1818e-mail: mail@videotelmail.com

URL: www.videotel.co.uk

A6 Computer-based training for Basic Fire Fighting

Available from: Training Division

Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore

#20-06 PSA Building

460 Alexandra RoadSingapore 119963Tel: +653751922/3751923Fax: +653751900

URL: www.mpa.gov.sg

IMO References (R)

R1 The Int~national Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping

for Seafarers, 1995 (STCW 1995), 1998 edition (IMO Sales No 938E)

R2 International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, as amended (SOLAS

1974) (IMO Sales No 110E)

R3 Assembly resolution A.602(15) Revised Guidelines for Marine Portable Fire

Extinguishers, Adopted 19 November 1987 (included in IMO Sales No 130E)

R4 Assembly Resolution A.655(16) Use of halons as fire-fighting media on board ships

(IMO Sales No 136E)

R5 IMO/ILO Document for Guidance, 1985 (IMO Sales No 935E)

Details of distributors of IMO publications that maintain a permanent stock of all IMOpublications may be found on the IMO website at http://www.imo.org

Textbooks (T)

T1 Olav B0, Basic Safety Course: Fire Safety (Oslo, Norwegian University Press,

1987)(ISBN 92 8011359 3) (reprinted Aug 1999)

T2 Robert JBrady, Marine Fire Prevention, Fire Fighting and Fire Safety (Maritime Training

and Advisory Board, USA, 1998) (ISBN 0 87618 994X)

T3 G Victory and I.H Owen, Marine Engineering Practice, Volume 1, Part 5, Fire-fighting

Equipment and its Use in Ships (The Institute of Marine Engineers, London, UK, 1981)

Part B: Course Outline and Timetable

Lectures

As far as possible, lectures should be presented within a familiar context and should make.•use

of practical examples They should be well illustrated with diagrams, photographs and chartswhere appropriate, and be related to matter learned during seagoing time

An effective manner of presentation is to develop a technique of giving information and thenreinforcing it For example, first tell the trainees briefly what you are going to present to them;then cover the topic in detail; and, finally, summarize what you have told them The use of anoverhead projector and the distribution of copies of the transparencies as trainees handoutscontribute to the learning process

Course Outline

The tables that follow list the competencies and areas of knowledge, understanding andproficiency, together with the estimated total hours required for lectures and practicalexercises Teaching staff should note that timings are suggestions only and should beadapted to suit individual groups of trainees depending on their experience, ability, equipmentand staff available for training

Previous experience from colleges and academies conducting training in fire fighting showsthat as much time as possible should be spent on practical exercises This fact is alsosupported by the feedback from course participants In planning and scheduling training,teaching staff should devote the maximum time possible to practical training

•

8

Part C: Detailed Teaching Syllabus

Introduction

The detailed teaching syllabus has been written in learning objective format in which theobjective describes what the trainee must do to demonstrate that knowledge has beentransferred

in the course framework has been used to structure the detailed teaching syllabus; inparticular,

Teaching aids (indicated by A),

IMO references (indicated by R), and

The following are examples of the use of references:

R2 - Reg 11-2/2refers to regulation 2 of chapter 11-2of the 1974 SOlAS Convention

T1 - Ch 4 refers to chapter 4 of Basic Safety Course: Fire Safety

PART C: DETAILED TEACHING SYLLABUS

Proficiency in Fire Prevention and Fire Fighting IMO Reference Detailed Teaching

Syllabus Reference

Competence 1: Minimize the risk of fire (3 R1

Competence 2: Maintain a state of readiness to

R1-respond to emergency situations involving fire (3 Table A-VI/1-2

hours)

Knowledge, understanding and proficiency

Location of fire-fighting appliances and emergency escape

•.

Objectives are:

1 Initial actions on becoming aware of an

emergency conform with accepted practices

and procedures

2 Action taken on identifying muster signals is

appropriate to the indicated emergency and

complies with established procedures

Competence 3: Fight and extinguish fires

Knowledge, understanding and proficiency

Fire-fighting equipment and its location on board:

Proficiency in Fire Prevention and Fire Fighting IMO Reference Detailed Teaching

Syllabus Reference

Objectives are:

1 Use various types of portable fire extinguishers

2 Use self-contained breathing apparatus

3 Extinguish smaller fires, e.g electrical fires, oil

fires, propane fires

4 Extinguish extensive fires with water, using jet

and spray nozzles

5 Extinguish fires with foam, powder or any other

suitable chemical agent

6 Enter and pass through, with lifeline but without

breathing apparatus, a compartment into which

high-expansion foam has been injected

7 Fight fire in smoke-filled enclosed spaces wearing

self-contained breathing apparatus

8 Extinguish fire with water fog or any other suitable

fire-fighting agent in an accommodation room or

simulated engine-room with fire and heavy smoke

9 Extinguish oil fire with fog applicator and spray

nozzles, dry chemical powder or foam applicators

10 Effect a rescue in a smoke-filled space wearing

breathing apparatus

14

PART C: DETAILED TEACHING SYLLABUS

Knowledge, understanding and proficiency IMO Textbooks, Teaching

Reference Bibliography Aid

Introduction, safety and principles (0.5 hour)

A1 1 lists the main aims of the course as: R1 - Table

- knows what to do if: A-VI/1-2

- fire or smoke is detected, or

- the fire alarm is sounded R1

raise the alarm and have basic knowledge of the use of Section

B-the portable fire extinguishers VI/1

- close and open the fire-, weather- and water-tight doors

fitted in the ship other than those for hull openings R5

- minimize the risk of fire and maintain a state of

readiness to respond to emergency situations involving

fire

- fight and extinguish fires

.2 states the safety rules laid down by the chief instructor

which must be adhered to during the course, including

during the practice of drills

.3 lists the principles of survival in relation to fire as:

- regular training and drills

- preparedness for any fire emergency

- knowledge of actions to be taken when called to fire

statiens

- knowledge of escape routes

- knowledge of dangers of smoke and toxic fumes

Knowledge, understanding and proficiency IMO Textbooks, T :IIII

Reference Bibliography MIlCompetence 1: Minimize the risk of fire

(2.5 hours)

Concept and application of the fire triangle R1 - Section •

to fire and explosion (0.5 hour) A-VI/1

Table VI/1-2

A-Required performance:

A1, V1, V5

.1 lists conditions required for fire to occur as:

- the presence of material which acts as a fuel

- a source of ignition, e.g chemical, biological or physical

- the presence of oxygen

.2 sketches how these three conditions can be represented

as a triangle (the fire triangle) - concepts to prevent and

extinguish fires

.3 sketches how the addition of a fourth condition, the "chain

reaction", leads to the concept of the "fire tetrahedron",

which represents a continuously burning fire

- lower flammable limit (LFL)

- upper flammable limit (UFL)

PART C: DETAILED TEACHING SYLLABUS

Knowledge, understanding and proficiency IMO Textbooks, Teaching

Reference Bibliography Aid

Types and sources of ignition (0.25 hour) R1 i~ -Ch 4 A1

Required performance:

.1 gives examples of how a fire can be prevented from

spreading by reducing or blocking:

- conduction

- radiation

- convection currents

.2 explains that removing anyone element of fire triangle can

prevent or extinguish a fire

Flammable materials commonly found on

.2 states that spread of fire occurs as a result of equalization

in temperature between fire and surroundings via:

- conduction

- radiation

- convection currents

.3 lists examples of each method of propagation

.4 lists four phases of fire development as:

- ignition (incipient)

- developing (surface fire)

- absolute fire (fire in depth in solids)

.1 lists general safety procedures, including:

•• - no smokinQ in hazardous areas

- cleanliness

- good housekeeping

- ability to recognize fire hazards and to take the

necessary steps to prevent fires

17

Knowledge, understanding and proficiency IMO Textbooks, Teaching

Reference Bibliography Aid

.2 for the engine-room, lists measures for reducing fire

hazards, which include:

- ensuring insulation and lagging are kept in good

- eliminating oil leaks and preventing accumulation of oil

- taking proper fire precautions when welding or burning is

being carried out

- checking that caps and cocks for sounding pipes to oil • tanks are closed

- maintaining a clean engine-room, removing oil-soaked

rags

.3 for the galley, lists measures for reducing fire hazards, A1

which include:

- keeping extraction fan and flue-gas duct clean

- ensuring cooking oils do not spill on top of the stove or

overheat in electrical cooking pans

- keeping electrical installations well maintained

.4 for the accommodation areas, lists measure for reducing

fire hazards, which include:

- no smoking in bed

- no unauthorized electrical fittings

- no emptying of ashtrays into wastepaper bins without

ensuring all cigarette ends are extinguished

.5 for cargo spaces, lists measures for reducing fire hazards,

which include:

- ensuring hatches are correctly cleaned

- ensuring cargo is stowed and ventilated in accordance

with the rules

- prohibition of smoking during cargo-working periods

- securing of cargo

- inerting the atmosphere in cargo compartments when

required

•

.6 ensures hold/cargo compartment lights are switched off

and cargo clusters disconnected, removed and stored

away after use and before closing of hatches

The need for constant vigilance (0.5 hour)

Required performance:

1.6 Needfor constant vigilance

.1 states that prevention is by far the best method of

combatting a fire and this can be achieved by:

PART C: DETAILED TEACHING SYLLABUS

Reference Bibliography Aid

Required performance:

1.7 Patrol systems

.1 states that on ships having more than 36 passengers an R2 - Reg

11-efficient patrol system must be maintained 2/40.6

.2 lists the duties of the patrol

.3 states that a fire patrol system is also advisable on other

types of ships

Fire hazards (0.5 hour)

Required performance:

.1 lists firliJ hazards in the engine-room, including:

- combustible liquids - fuel and lubricating oils

- oil leaks and oil-soaked insulation

- hot surfaces, e.g exhaust pipes, engine parts

overheating

- defects in lagging

- hot work, e.g welding, cutting by oxy-acetylene torch

- auto-ignition, e.g oil dripping on hot surface

.2 lists hazards in galley, including:

- combustible liquids, e.g cooking oil, hot fat

- hot surfaces, e.g ovens, frying pans, flues

- defective electrical connections

.3 lists hazards in accommodation, including:

- combustible materials, e.g furnishings, personal effects

- matches and cigarette smoking

- defective electrical connections

.4 lists hazards from cargoes, including:

- self-heating cargo and spontaneous combustion

- oxidizing cargoes and organic peroxides

- compressed flammable gas

- pyrophoric cargoes

- explosives

.5 lists hazards from smokers and cigarettes, including:

- temperature of a burning cigarette, which is about 500°C

- carelessness with cigarettes and matches, setting fire to

• bedclothes, wastepaper bin contents and furnishings

Knowledge, understanding and proficiency IMO Textbooks, Teaching

Reference Bibliography Aid

Competence 2: Maintain a state of readiness to R1 - Section T1 -Ch.1 A1

2.1 General emergency alarm

.1 describes this signal as consisting of seven or more short R2 _ R A1 blasts followed by one long blast on the ship's whistle and III/50 ego

bells or klaxons or equivalent sounding elsewhere in the

ship

.2 describes the purpose of the special alarm operated from R2 _ Re lI_

the navigating bridge to summon the crew to fire stations 2/40.4 g.

.3 lists other possible fire alarms as:

2.2 Fire control plans and muster list

.1 describes the fire control plans and where they are located =~g~ 11-2/20 •

.2 describes the muster list Reg III/53

.3 gives examples of the duties of individual crew members

PART C: DETAILED TEACHING SYLLABUS

Reference Bibliography Aid

Required performance:

2.4 Personnel safety procedures R1 T1 - Ch 3 A1

.1 describes how a fire-fighting team is made up and states

who is in charge

.2 states that the fire zone may not be entered unless orders

to do so have been given by the person in charge

.3 states the need to be familiar with the area of the fire zone

and with escape routes

.4 states the need to be properly equipped to enter the fire

zone, especially if the lights have failed and the space is

full of smoke

.5 states how one should be dressed

.6 lists what equipment is required, including:

- breathing apparatus R2 - Reg 11- T1 - Ch 10

- hand lantern 2/17

- axe

- fireproof lifeline with fittings

.7 explains the use of the lifeline for signalling

.8 states the need to be flexible in filling vacancies of key

personnel in the fire parties

Required performance:

2.5 Periodic shipboard drills

A1

.1 states the purpose of these drills

.2 describes typical exercises for use during fire drills as:

- extinguishing a fire in a deep fryer

- entering a closed room on fire

- extinguishing a major deck fire

- rescuing an unconscious person from a smoke-filled

space

emergency escape routes (0.75 hour)

.

Required performance:

2.• 6 Ship construction arrangements

'.1 lists the basic principles R2 - Reg 11-212

.2 states the location of emergency escape routes and how Reg 11-2128

escape routes are protected (passenger ships)

Reg 11-2/45 (cargo ships)

.4 lists the means for gas-freeing tanks Reg

11-2/59.2 5 describes the purpose of and the means for inerting cargo Reg. 11-2/62 •

spaces

.6 explains briefly the fire prevention arrangements required Reg 11-2/53

in cargo spaces

Required performance:

2.7 Emergency fire pump (cargo ships)

.1 states the number of acceptable jets of water which the R2 - Reg

11-emergency fire pump must be capable of supplying 2/4.3.3.2

.2 states the requirements for the location of this pump

.3 states the circumstances under which the emergency fire

pump is used

Required performance:

.1 describes a typical fixed powder apparatus with each

container holding 250 kg of powder

.2 explains how this equipment is used for best results

Required performance:

.1 states the emergency escape routes from machinery space R2 - Reg 11- A 1

to accommodation space, main deck and boat deck 2/28

.2 states the emergency escape routes from accommodation Reg 11-2/45

space to main deck and boat deck

.3 states the emergency escape routes from cargo pump

room to accommodation space, main deck and boat deck

.4 states emergency escape routes from cargo spaces and

main deck leading to boat deck

.5 explains that escape routes are well marked showing arrow

and symbols

.6 states that escape routes are provided with an emergency

lighting system

.7 states that the emergency escape routes are used in

reverse direction for access to the fire spot

22

PART C: DETAILED TEACHING SYLLABUS

Knowledge, understanding and proficiency IMO Textbooks, Teaching

Reference Bibliography Aid

Fire spread in different parts of a ship

(0.25 hour)

Required performance:

2.10 Fire spread

.1 explains that a fire in machinery space shall be contained in

the machinery space itself and shall not spread to

accommodation as accommodation is separated from

machinery space by structural and thermal protection

boundaries

.2 states that a fire in cargo pump room shall be contained in

the cargo pump room itself and shall not spread to

accommodation as accommodation is separated from cargo

pump room by structural and thermal protection boundaries

.3 states that all A-60 doors separating machinery space and

cargo pump room shall be shut in case of fire in respective0;

spaces

.4 states that all ventilation flaps shall be shut in case of fire in

machinery space and cargo space

.5 states that accommodation fire shall be contained in

accommodation itself and shall not be allowed to spread in

machinery space and cargo pump room by similar

arrangements as stated above

.6 states that accommodation fires originating in galley,

laundry, linen locker, common public spaces, living spaces

shall be contained in the space of origin of fire and shall not

be allowed to spread to other parts of accommodation by

using thermal protection and ventilation flaps/draught stops

.7 states that the fire in any cargo hold shall be contained in

the affected cargo itself by shutting hatch covers, ventilator

flaps and cooling boundary bulk heads

.8 states that fires in isolated spaces such as wheel house,

radio room, chart room, forepeak area, Le paint locker etc.

and steering gear compartment shall be contained in the

space of origin itself by shutting doors, ventilator flaps and

using the fixed installation and other fire-fighting appliances

where provided

Fife and smoke detection measures on

(0.75 hour) •

Requ'ired performance:

2.11 Fire and smoke detection systems

.1 describes the construction of an automatic fire detection

system

Knowledge, understanding,and proficiency IMO Textbooks, Teaching

Reference Bibliography Aid

.2 states the main types of automatic fire detectors

.3 lists the alarms or actions which may be activated by a

.4 states the benefit of an automatic sprinkler system in regard R2 - Reg

lI-to fire detection in passenger and crew accommodation 2/12.1.2.1,

Required performance:

2.12 Automatic fire alarm R1 T1 - Ch 1

.1 describes the operation of an automatic fire alarm

.2 describes a system which has fire zones and states where

such a system may be installed in a ship

Classification of fires and applicable

extinguishing agents (0.25 hour)

Required performance:

2.13 Classification of fires and appropriate R3 A1, A6

extinguishing agents

.1 describes the classification of fires as:

- class A fires: involving carbonaceous solid materials of

organic nature, e.g wood, cloth, paper, rubber etc.

- class B fires: involving flammable liquid or liquefiable

solids, e.g oils, greases, tars, paints etc.

- class C fires: involving gases, e.g cooking gas, welding •

- class A: water spray, water jet, flooding, CO 2

- class B: foam, CO 2, dry powder

- class C: dry powder, CO 2

- class D: special dry powders

.3 states that electrical fires turn into any of these classes of

fire, Le A, B, C or D once the circuit is turned off and dry

chemical or CO 2 portable extinguishers are recommended

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PART C: DETAILED TEACHING SYLLABUS

3.1 Fire hoses and nozzles

.1 states briefly the regulations concerning fire hoses and R2 - Reg 11- T1 - Ch.7

.2 explains how hoses are joined together and connected to

fire hydrants

.3 explains how a nozzle can be adjusted to produce a

concentrated jet, a spray or a mist, and for which purpose

.1 lists the types of mobile apparatus available, including: R2 - Reg

11 carbon dioxide cylinders 2/6, 7

- powder containers with propellent gas R4

- foam-making equipment

.2 describes areas where these are usually deployed

Required performance:

3.3 Portable fire extinguishers

.1 lists the different types of portable extinguishers as: R2 - Reg 11- T1 - Ch 7 V2, A6

.3 states for which class of fire each type is suitable

.4 states the nermal capacity of each type of portable

.5 explains the procedures for having empty extinguishers

recharged

.6 describes a portable foam applicator and how it is

connected to the fire main

Knowledge, understanding and proficiency IMO Textbooks, Teaching

Reference Bibliography Aid

- fireproof lifeline with snaphook and harness

.2 lists the two main types of breathing apparatus which may

be used

.3 lists their relative advantages and disadvantages

.4 states the requirements for the lifeline

.5 lists the constituents of personal equipment as:

.1 desaibes a fire blanket

.2 demonstrates how to use it

.3 states where fire blankets are normally located

- the location and use of fire alarms

- the location and use of emergency controls

.2 states the necessity of knowing how fire-fighting equipment

works

.3 states the necessity of being aware of potential fire

hazards

26