Install and configure an FTP server in Linux Understand News servers Configure remote access to a server Understand streaming media servers Understand e-commerce software... Und
Trang 1Web Server Administration
Chapter 9 Extending the Web
Environment
Trang 2 Install and configure an FTP server in Linux
Understand News servers
Configure remote access to a server
Understand streaming media servers
Understand e-commerce software
Trang 3Understanding FTP
Services
FTP is used to transfer files from a server
to a client (download) and transfer files from a client to a server (upload)
FTP client is the browser
Also command-line and GUI clients
FTP servers can operate as anonymous servers or they can require a valid logon
Typically, they are anonymous
FTP servers are not secure; user names and passwords are not sent encrypted
Trang 4Understanding FTP
Services
The client connects to port 21
(control port)
Port 20 (data port) is used to tell
the client which unprivileged port
to use for data transfer
The above describes passive mode FTP, the most common type
Trang 5Communicating with FTP
Command Description Example
ftp host Initiates a connection to FTP server ftp 192.168.0.100
open host Once the FTP client has been started,
opens a connection open 192.168.0.100
close Closes the connection but does not
exit the FTP client close
dir *.rpm
Trang 6Communicating with FTP
Command Description Example
binary Transfer files in binary mode binary
ascii Transfer files in text mode ascii
get filename Downloads a single file get test.rpm
put filename Uploads a single file put testapp.zip
Mget filenames Downloads multiple files;
used with wildcards mget sendmail*.rpm
mput filenames Uploads multiple files;
used with wildcards mput *.tifprompt no Stops prompting for each file
when used before you use mget or mput
prompt no
prompt Starts prompting prompt
Trang 7Communicating with FTP
Command Description Example
hash Displays a hash symbol as files
are being downloaded hash
cd directory Moves to another directory on the
help command Finds very brief help on FTP
commands; if used without a reference to a command, it will give you a list of
commands available
help mget
Trang 8Install and Configure Windows FTP Server
Trang 9 Exit appears when
client exits from
Trang 10Install FTP in Linux
developed by Washington University
Once the rpm is installed, enable FTP
Trang 11Configure /etc/ftpaccess
The /etc/ftpaccess file is the main
configuration file
By default, users with IDs less than
or equal to 99 are not allowed
you have to allow it with
allow-uid ftp
allow-gid ftp
Trang 12Configure /etc/ftpaccess
Limit user to a maximum of five
failed logons before a disconnect
loginfails 5
Check for password that conforms
to e-mail address
passwd-check rfc822 warn
Trang 13Control Access
Set up user classes
class all real,guest,anonymous *
class local real 192.168.0.0/24
Set limits for class
file-limit out 25 anonymous
file-limit in 10 local
byte-limit out 2000000 anonymous
Trang 15Understanding News
Servers
News servers allow threaded discussions
You post messages in a newsgroup
A newsgroup focuses on a single topic
There are more than 40,000 public
newsgroups
There are hundreds of gigabytes of
information generated per day
News servers can be set up for use
within an organization
Trang 16Configuring Telnet in Linux
By default, telnet is installed but not enabled
chkconfig telnet on
service xinetd restart
Telnet should not be used in a non-secure
environment such as over the Internet because user names and passwords are not encrypted
ssh is a secure replacement (described in Chapter
10)
You cannot log on as root
However, you can log on as another user and "su
root"
Trang 17Telnet and Windows
Telnet is not popular in Windows because
telnet is text-based and Windows relies on a GUI
However, there are many command-line utilities that can be used, especially in Windows Server 2003
Before Windows, Microsoft networking
depended on a single command net with
many options
cacls can be used to alter permissions
netsh starts a networking shell which allows you to configure and display many network- related items
Trang 18Common net Commands
Command Description Example
net user Lists all users net user
net user username Displays user
information net user mnoia
net start service Starts a service net start "FTP Publishing
Service"
net share
name=location
Shares a folder net share docs=c:\docs
net use drive:
\\computer\share
Maps a drive net use g: \\web1\docs
Trang 19cacls options
Option Description
/e Changes instead of replaces permission
/t Changes all subfolders
/g user:perm Grants a user specific permissions
Trang 20netsh Examples
Create a text file with commands to create the IP configuration
re- netsh interface ip dump
Ping the gateway IP address of each NIC
netsh diag ping gateway
In Windows Server 2003
Display errors in system log
Manage network monitor and performance
Defragment a drive
Shut down a server
Trang 21Terminal Services in
Windows
GUI-based access to a server
Can be used for remote administration
or running applications remotely
In Windows 2000, you select remote
administration on installation
In Windows Server 2003, it is installed
already and you have to enable it
Client software is included in Windows Server 2003 and Windows XP
You have to install client software for Windows 2000
Trang 22Understanding Streaming Media Services
Used to transfer video and audio
By default, UDP is used
Although TCP and HTTP can be used
because of firewall issues in an organization
No single standard exists as is true with SMTP, HTTP, POP3, and others
Trang 23Understanding Streaming Media Services
Helix Universal Server from Real
Networks is popular
protocols (RTSP, PNA) and the Microsoft protocol (MMS)
Windows component
Creates a folder called \ASFRoot to store Advanced Streaming Format (ASF) files
Trang 25 Use FTP to transfer files
discussions on a variety of topics
allow you to remotely administer a server
video and audio
in general, communicating with customers