Web server administration chap01

 Review the Internet and the World Wide Web  Learn about server administration  Learn about Web server administration  Explore the common tasks and services performed by administrato

Web Server Administration

Chapter 1 The Basics of Server and Web

Server Administration

 Review the Internet and the World

Wide Web

 Learn about server administration

 Learn about Web server administration

 Explore the common tasks and

services performed by administrators

 Examine networking building blocks

 Compare Web server platforms

Review the Internet and

the World Wide Web

 The Internet is a worldwide network of networks

 Shares WAN used by the international

telecommunications network

 Uses TCP/IP

 Where the Internet uses the HTTP

protocol, it is called the Web

 Web servers use HTTP to communicate

 The Internet is not centrally controlled

Review the Internet and

the World Wide Web

 Internet had its origins in the 1960s

 In 1995 a high-speed backbone was created

 Included 4 network access points (NAPs)

 More have been created since then

 Now much Internet traffic is handled without going through NAPs

 Peering agreements allow this

Understanding Server

Administration

 Server administrators

 Focus on the LAN

 Provide access to software and

Working with Users

 A LAN can serve hundreds or even thousands of users

 Users need to be productive

 Users like consistency

 Roaming profiles allow users to have the same personalized desktop

environment on multiple computers

Establishing Access

Control

 Users need just enough access to do

their jobs, but not more

 Typically, users are organized into

groups, and groups are given access to network resources

 Users can be given different access to the same resources

 A document can be read by everyone but modified by only specific people

Understanding the Server Environment

 All but the smallest network includes more than one server

 With Windows computers, servers

and users’ computers can be

organized into domains in order to

centralize control

 In Windows 2000 and Windows

Server 2003, domains can be

grouped into forests

Understanding Web server Administration

the Internet

 Need to work with ISPs and Web page developers

 Typically, a Web server provides

information to anyone who

requests it over the Internet

applications such as FTP and e-mail

Understanding Web server Administration

 Depending on the size of the

organization, some tasks may be delegated

 Web page development

 Database design

 Programming

 E-mail administration

 Security

Selecting Programs and

 Active Server Pages (ASP)

 Original language from Microsoft

 ASP.Net

 A newer environment that includes many languages

 Java Server Pages (JSP)

Selecting Programs and

Databases

 Non-Microsoft languages are

popular, even on Microsoft Web

Selecting Programs and

Databases

 A database management system (DBMS)

is used to store data used with Web

pages

 Microsoft Access is appropriate for small sites

 Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle 9i, and MySQL

are sophisticated DBMSs for larger sites

 Standard Query Language (SQL) is the

language used to communicate with the DBMS

Managing E-mail Servers

 Open by design to accept e-mail

from anyone

 Spam can be a problem to manage

 Specific utilities can be used to help

minimize spam

 Viruses are commonly sent by e-mail

 Use virus detection software and keep it updated

Administrators' Common

Tasks and Services

 Installing and configuring systems

 Maintaining security

 Monitoring the system

 Maintenance and backup

Network Building The OSI Model

Blocks-Layer Name Description

7 Application Responsible for low-level application access to the network

6 Presentation Can convert data into a format that is understandable to the

Application layer.

5 Session Can open, maintain, and shut down communication.

4 Transport Responsible for transporting the data from one computer to another

(TCP and UDP)

3 Network Primarily responsible for addressing between two computers (IP

and ICMP)

2 Data Link Responsible for the interface between the packets coming down

through the upper layers and the physical layer

Physical Ethernet, FDDI Data Link

TCP/IP Protocols

 Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

 Web servers implement this protocol

 Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)

 Used by e-mail servers (and sometimes

Web servers) to send e-mail

 Post Office Protocol Version 3 (POP3)

 Used to retrieve e-mail

TCP/IP Protocols

 File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

 Transfers files to and from server

 Domain Name Service (DNS)

 Translates host names to IP addresses and IP addresses to host names

 Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

 Creates a reliable connection between two computers

TCP/IP Protocols

 User Datagram Protocol (UDP)

 Does not establish a connection, just sends messages

 Internet Protocol (IP)

 Provides addressing scheme

 Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)

 Provides error messages

Connecting Your LAN to

the Internet

 Your ISP connects to the Internet

 A WAN connection is used between your building and the ISP

 A T-Carrier connection is often

used

 A digital connection for voice and

data

Common T-Carrier

Connections

Connecting to the Internet

Other ways to Connect to the Internet

 Integrated services digital network (ISDN)

 Dial-up access

 Basic Rate Interface (BRI) up to 128 Kbps

 Primary Rate Interface (PRI) up to 1.544 Mbps

 Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)

 Often differing speeds for uploads and

downloads

 Depending on type, up to 6.1 Mbps for

downloads and 1.544 Mbps for uploads

 Shared access cable provided by cable TV

company

Web Hosting Solutions

Web Server

 IIS part of the OS from the beginning

 NET Framework add-on allows use of ASP.NET

 Windows Server 2003 (IIS 6)

 NET Framework integrated into OS

Other Microsoft Server

Other Microsoft Server

Products

 Internet Security and Acceleration Server

 Combines a firewall product with a Web

cache

 Operations Manager

 Helps decrease support costs for a server

environment

 SharePoint Portal Server

 Set up a site that is highly personalized

 UNIX was introduced in 1969

 Linux is from the early 1990s

 Based on MINIX

 Three basic components

 Kernel – central portion of OS

 File system – provides input and

output mechanisms

 Shell – provides user interface

 Source code is freely available

 Developers can make changes

 Available from a number of

organizations

 Red Hat

 Mandrake

 SuSe

 Server administration focuses on LANs

 Web server administration focuses on the Internet

 Both types of administrators install,

configure, and maintain servers

 Many pieces make up the network

 There are many Web server platforms from which to choose