Web server administration chap03

 Prepare the server for system installation  Understand the installation process  Install Windows 2000 Server, Windows Server 2003, and Red Hat Linux 8  Examine basic Linux command

Web Server Administration

Chapter 3 Installing the Server

 Prepare the server for system

installation

 Understand the installation process

 Install Windows 2000 Server,

Windows Server 2003, and Red Hat Linux 8

 Examine basic Linux commands

Prepare the Server for

Installation

 A typical installation is from CD

 For Windows 2000, you can boot from a floppy for network installation

 For Linux, you can install from the network or even using FTP

 Production systems use a single-boot

system meaning only one OS is on a

computer

 You can put all described OSs on a single

computer which is a multi-boot

Checking Hardware

Compatibility

 Typically you have fewer problems if you are using hardware designed for

a server from major manufacturers

 IDE drives are always compatible

 Make sure that you have the latest drivers for SCSI and RAID controllers

 With video adapters and NICs, it is

best to use ones from major vendors

Checking Hardware

Compatibility

 You can have problems if you

 Put a system together yourself with the

latest or off-brand NICs, video adapters, and RAID controllers

 Try to upgrade an OS on old servers

because they sometimes have specialized hardware that is not supported anymore

 For Windows OSs

System Documentation

 Should be detailed enough for

inexperienced network administrator

 System documentation is an ongoing process

 Changes occur over the life of the

server

 These changes need to be documented

 Drive interface – RAID, SCSI, IDE

 Hard disk – size, manufacturer, and model

 NIC manufacturer and model

 Latest software patches

 Extra drivers needed

 URLs for latest drivers

 Contract phone number

 Type of support contract

 Expiration of contract

The Installation Process

 The Setup program will ask you

about your system

 You need to know the answers to

these questions before you start

 Many of the questions are common

to all operating systems

The Installation

Process-Partitioning the Hard Disk

 A partition is a logical division of the hard disk

 A system boots from the primary partition

 You can create an extended partition

 Gives you more logical drives in Windows

 Gives you more Linux partitions

 It is best to isolate the operating system from applications

 If the application partition fills and the operating system is on the same partition, the OS stops

The Installation Process

 Six partitions are used for Linux by

default

 / (root partition)

 swap (used for virtual memory)

 /boot (boot files – small)

 /usr (shared files and programs)

 /home (user files and programs)

 /var (Web site, FTP, log files)

Managing Multiple Operating Systems on a Single

Computer

 Useful for development purposes

 Best to start with unpartitioned hard disk

 Install Windows first, then Linux

 Linux installation then produces a

menu to select Windows

The Installation

Process-Naming Computers

 Identify a computer on the network

 Windows communicates the computer

name to other computers on the subnet

The Installation

Process-Licensing

 Describes how the software can be used

 For Windows 2000, Microsoft assumes that

you have the correct number of client access licenses

 For Windows Server 2003, each installation

must be activated by Microsoft *

 Linux is basically free but there may be a cost for packaging, support, and extras

 Based on the GNU general public license

 Red Hat has personal, professional, and Advanced Server options

The Installation

Process-Selecting a File System

 A file system determines how files are

stored on a hard disk

 Windows has two file systems

 FAT is based on the original DOS file system and has no security

 NTFS has security which is critical for a server

 The default user file system in Red Hat Linux 8 is ext3, which offers some

Windows 2000 Server

Installation

connected to the Internet, you will get an IP address from your ISP

may want more

do not wander away otherwise it will accept the default IP settings which you do not want

Windows Server 2003

Installation

 The procedures for installing Web, Standard, and Enterprise editions are the same

 Installation is simpler than

previous versions of Windows

 Only essential information such as

computer name, licensing, password,

IP address, and domain membership

Linux 8 Installation

 As is true with Windows, you can

generally accept the defaults

 Remember to select Server as the

Installation Type

 This gives you a list of packages that are appropriate for a server environment

 Remember to select "No firewall"

 This makes it easier to configure and test your own firewall (Chapter 10)

Basic Linux Concepts

 Before you remove the floppy, you have to

unmount it to flush the file buffer, if you copied

Kedit Text Editor

 The Kedit text

Configuring TCP/IP in

Windows

 To determine TCP/IP configuration, type

ipconfig at a command prompt

To Change the IP Address in

Windows

 From the Local Area Status dialog

box, click Properties

 Select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), then

click Properties

 Now you can change the IP address

 The Advanced button allows you to add multiple IP addresses for a single NIC

Configuring TCP/IP in Linux

 To determine TCP/IP configuration, type

ifconfig at a shell prompt

 The IP address is on the third line

To Change the IP Address in Linux

 In System Settings, click Network

 Click the Edit button

 Now you can change the IP

address

 Click OK, then Apply, and Close

to save the changes

 Linux licensing is based on the GNU