Experiencing MIS 9th by m kronenke chapter 06

Study QuestionsQ1: Why is the cloud the future for most organizations?. Q6: How can organizations use cloud services securely?. • Alliance transitioned data storage and processing from o

The Cloud

Chapter 6

“How About $10 Per Terabyte.”

• Lease storage capacity from third party

• All incoming data from drones automatically uploaded

• Average monthly storage costs cut at least 50%

• Power savings, backup time saved, no new hardware

configuration

• One-time set up and development costs

Study Questions

Q1: Why is the cloud the future for most organizations?

Q2: What network technology supports the cloud?

Q3: How does the cloud work?

Q4: How do organizations use the cloud?

Q5: How can Falcon Security use the cloud?

Q6: How can organizations use cloud services securely?

Q7: 2026?

Q1: Why Is the Cloud the Future for Most

Organizations?

• The Cloud

– Elastic leasing of pooled computer resources via Internet.

– Elastic

 Automatically adjusts for unpredictable demand,

 Limits financial risks.

– Pooled

 Same physical hardware

 Economies of scale

Example of a Video Banner Ad Customer

• Economies of scale

farms)

Why Is the Cloud Preferred to In-House Hosting?

Why Is the Cloud Preferred to In-House Hosting? (cont'd)

When Does the Cloud Not Make Sense?

• When law or standard industry practice require physical control

or possession of the data

–Financial institutions legally required to maintain physical

control over its data

Ethics Guide: Cloudy Profit?

• Data broker (or data aggregator)

• Acquiring and analyzing market, buyer, and seller data for real estate agents

• Alliance transitioned data storage and processing from own

Web farm to the cloud

• Improved speed and quality of data services at fraction of prior costs, cut in-house hardware support staff by 65%

Q2: What Network Technology Supports the

Cloud?

Typical Small

Office/Home

Office

(SOHO) LAN

LAN Protocol

• IEEE 802.3

– Wired LAN– 10/100/1000 Mbps

–Transmits data short distances

–Connect computer, keyboard, mouse, printer, smartphones, smartwatches, automobiles, sports equipment, clothing

Abbreviations Used for Communications and

Computer Memory Speeds

• Communications equipment,

• K(ilo) = 1,000, not 1,024 (as for memory);

• M(ega) = 1,000,000, not 1,024 × 1,024;

• G(iga) = 1,000,000,000, not 1,024 × 1,024 × 1,024

• Communications speeds expressed in bits, memory sizes in

bytes.

Connecting Your LAN to the Internet

Important ISP functions:

1.Provide legitimate Internet address

2 Provide gateway to Internet

3.Pay access fees and other charges to telecoms

• WAN wireless average performance 1 Mbps, with peaks of up

to 3.0 Mbps

• Typical wireless LAN 50 Mbps

Summary of LAN Networks

Q3: How Does the Cloud Work?

The cloud resides in the Internet

Carriers and Net Neutrality

• Messages, broken into packets

• Packets move across Internet, passing through networks owned

by telecom carriers.

• Peering agreements - Carriers freely exchange traffic amongst

themselves without paying access fees

• Net neutrality principle

– All data treated equally.

Internet Addressing

• Public IP addresses

– Identifies a unique device on Internet.

– Assigned by ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names

and Numbers.

• Private IP addresses

– Identifies a device on a private network, usually a LAN.

– Assignment LAN controlled.

IP Addressing: Major Benefits

Public IP Addresses and Domain Names

• IPv4

– 165.193.123.253

• Domain name

– Unique name affiliated with a public IP address.

– Dynamic affiliation of domain names with IP addresses.

– Multiple domain names for same IP address

•URL (Uniform Resource Locator

Domain Registry Company

Processing on a Web Server

What happens when

you visit a Web site

and order something,

and pay for it?

Three-tier Architecture

Watch the Three Tiers in Action! Sample of

Commerce Server Page

1 Commerce server requests shoe data from DBMS

2 DBMS reads from database, returns data to

commerce server

3 Commerce server formats Web page with data and

sends html version of page to user’s computer.

4 Customer places items in shopping cart.

5 Customer checks out, commerce server program

processes payment, schedules inventory processing, arranges shipping, email receipt to

SOA Analogy: Approval Request Interactions

Among Three Departments

• CheckCustomerCredit

• ApproveCustomerCredit

• VerifyInventoryAmount

• AllocateInventory

Using SOA Principles, Each Department Defines:

• Each department formally states data to receive with request and data

promised to return in response.

Using SOA Principles: Encapsulation

• No department needs to know who works in another

department, or how dept accomplishes work

• Each department free to change personnel task assignments, change processes for performing services

• Falcon Security could dynamically create 1,000 Inventory

Departments and Sales Department with no need to change

anything it does

SOA Principles Applied to Three-tier Architecture

Protocols Supporting Web Services

WSDL, SOAP, XML, and JSON

WSDL (Web Services

Description Language) Standard for describing services, inputs, outputs, other data supported by a Web service Documents coded machine readable and used by developer

tools for creating programs to access the service.

Example XML and JSON Documents

Q4: How Do Organizations Use the Cloud?

Three Fundamental Cloud Types

Cloud

Services

from Cloud

Vendors

Content Delivery Networks from Cloud Vendors

• Content delivery network (CDN)

– Stores user data in many different geographical locations

and makes data available on demand

– Specialized type of PaaS, but usually considered in its own category

– Minimizes latency.

CDN Benefits

Servers Used in a Typical CDN Service

Using Web Services Internally

Private

Internet

Infrastructure

Q5: How Can Falcon Security Use the Cloud?

• SaaS products Falcon Security could use

PaaS Services from Amazon DBMS Products with Elastic Cloud 2 (EC2)

• Falcon Security could use CDN to distribute content worldwide

IaaS Services at Falcon Security

• Provides basic hardware in the cloud

• May acquire servers to load operating systems

• Considerable technical expertise and management

• Alternative: Use elastic data storage services

• SaaS and PaaS provide more added value to Falcon Security

Q6: How Can Organizations Use Cloud Services

Securely?

Remote Access Using VPN: Actual Connections

Remote Access Using VPN: Apparent Connection

Private Cloud for Inventory and Other Applications

Accessing Private Cloud over a Virtual Private

Network

Using A Virtual Private Cloud

Subset of a Public Cloud With Highly Restricted, Secure Access

Q7: 2026

• Cloud services faster, more secure, easier to use, cheaper

• Fewer organizations own their computing infrastructure

• More pooling of servers across organizations

• Overall size of the cloud gets bigger

• Individuals, small businesses, large organizations obtain elastic resources at very low cost

• Cloud fosters new categories of work

– Provide services in dangerous locations.

 Reduces value of local mediocrity

So What? "Net Neutrality Enabled"

• ISPs little control over amount, type, or origin of content

• 30% of U.S Internet traffic during peak hours associated with

using Netflix

• Net neutrality

– All users and content providers treated equally.

– No “fast” or “slow” lanes.

– ISPs not allowed to block, or slow, content associated with competitors – ISPs can’t charge heavy Internet users additional fees or taxes

FCC Approved New Regulations (2015)

• Renders Internet a utility

• Complaint: Interfering with free markets

– ISPs argue loss of potential revenue stream inhibits

infrastructure development, limits growth, and stifles

innovation

• Larger war on net neutrality may have only just begun!

Security Guide: From Anthem to Anathema

• Greater accessibility  data more accessible to hackers

80 million customers affected

Guide: Is It Spying or Just Good Management?

• 92% of employers monitor employees’ email, telephone, and Internet use

– Preserves free speech regarding laws Congress may enact, limited

protection for federal employees.

Active Review

Q1: Why is the cloud the future for most organizations?

Q2: What network technology supports the cloud?

Q3: How does the cloud work?

Q4: How do organizations use the cloud?

Q5: How can Falcon Security use the cloud?

Q6: How can organizations use cloud services securely?

Q7: 2026?

Case Study 6: FinQloud Forever … Well, At Least For The Required Interval …

• Securities and Exchange Commission (1937)

• Securities brokers' records must be stored on media that cannot

be altered

• Interpreted to enable storage of records on read-write medium, provided it includes software to prohibit data alteration (2003)

Components of the FinQloud System

FinQloud Forever … (cont'd)

• Creates “finger print” based on content of record

• SEC specifically excludes extrinsic controls:

– Believes such systems to could be readily misused to

overwrite records

• When properly configured, meets requirements of SEC’s

Rule17a-3) and similar rules of Commodities Futures Trading