DESIGN a NEW COFFEE BERRIES PICKING MACHINE

DESIGN A NEW COFFEE BERRIES PICKING MACHINE Khanh Dien Le 1 , Khanh Tan Le 2 , Ngoc Huy Tran 1 Thanh Son Le 3 , Huy Bich Nguyen 4 , Thanh Nam Nguyen 3 1 HCM City University of Technolo

DESIGN A NEW COFFEE BERRIES PICKING MACHINE

Khanh Dien Le 1 , Khanh Tan Le 2 , Ngoc Huy Tran 1 Thanh Son Le 3 , Huy Bich Nguyen 4 , Thanh Nam Nguyen 3

1

HCM City University of Technology, Vietnam

2

HCM City University of Technology Education, Vietnam

3

Digital Control and System Engineering Laboratory, HCMUT, VNU-HCM, Vietnam

4

Ho Chi Minh City Nong Lam University, Vietnam

ABSTRACT:

The quality of Vietnam coffee bean depends

highly on the coffee berries picking process

Traditionally, almost all coffee trees are planted in

small, family coffee farms and households in Viet

Nam There are two traditional methods of coffee

berries picking The first one is the farmers use

hand for picking then place coffee berries in the

basket which is very low productivity The other is

coffee berries have been removed by a picking

machine to fall down onto the canvases that are

laid on the earth in advance and they are collected

by hand which would need more pieces of

canvases This paper recommends of new model

for coffee berries picking that could overcome

some above inconvenience The designed

machine is activated by using a 12 volts battery

instead of by internal combustion as in almost all

current machine of the same type The machine that is directed by a picker must be as light as possible so the picker could bear it The coffee berries are collected into the basket via a tube has been designed and manufactured The results shown that the machine contributes to increase the coffee picking productivity and to decrease the number of famers for picking The essential meaning of this new version of picking coffee berries machine is the saving of expenditure in buying canvases, spreading the canvases before the picking process and retrieving them after the harvest We hope that the realization of the researched machine in the near future will increase the quantity of coffee beans and the income of highlander farmers

Keywords: coffee berries, coffee picking machine, canvases, coffee bean

1 INTRODUCTION

Coffee is one of some famous products in

Vietnam central highland within more than 100 years

ago Coffee normally might be used by two ways of

tastes: traditional filtered grinded coffee beans and

instant coffe

The process of picking coffee berries is the most

difficult one because almost all coffee farms are

loped in the hills area in the central highland of

Vietnam with small, near house coffee yards The

application of big imported coffee berries picking

machines is useless in Vietnamese highland

Vietnamese farmers usually need a personal

picking machine and currently, the farmer have to

lay many canvases on the taper lateral hill land to

gather coffee berries that drop from the picking

machines [1- 2]

Figure 1 Traditional coffee berries picking and placed

in the hamper [3]

Figure 2 Current coffee berries picking machine

activated by combustion engine and coffee beans drop

down onto the canvases

Figure 3 Gathering by hands on canvases [3]

The aim of this research is to design a new

version of hand coffee berries picking integrated a

tube to conduct picked coffee berries moving to a

hamper of about 30 kg coffee berries that is lay

near the picker The new design coffee berries

picking machine helps to eliminate the ennui of

laying canvases and increasing the production of

the harvest

2 INITIAL CONCEPTION

2.1 Analyze the current handed coffee berries

picking machine

Generally, most coffee farms in Viet Nam are small, located near resident, houses and on the complicated taper terrain so that the current coffee berries picking machine might be applied with recognition but the ennui of canvases [4] The research has analyzed and ameliorated the current coffee berries picking machine to a new version that could convey the fluids of coffee berries from machine to the hamper that lies on the ground

We select DC 12v motor and domestic manufactured Globe Battery 12V, 20Ah as the the internal combustion engine is not selected because of its high price, big weight, unpleasant noise, harmful smoke and vibrations [5], [6]

2.2 Double spring picking spindle

The principal mechanism of the coffee berries picking The fixed spindle connects directly to the shaft of the motor via a coupling The other spindle

is connected to the shaft gear by a flexible coupling could articulated by a stem that is directed by the picker With the articulated spindle, the machine could open to clamp the branch of coffee tree With the rotation of 2 spindles, the springs could pick the coffee berried from its branch

3 TRANSMISSION TORQUE IN THE

MACHINE

From the motor power of 120W, the rotating motion is divided into fixed and flexible shaft through a couple of spur gears with the ratio of 1 Fixed spindle is directly received motion from motor, flexible spindle is transmitted via couple of spur gear and a flexible coupling Figure 4 displays the transmission of the machine

Figure 4 Transmission of coffee berries picking

1 Collector funnel end with round tube 40 at the end,

2 Gear box and flexible coupling,

3 DC 12V motor,

4 Tube frame

3 INTEGRATING ALL THE ACCESSORIES TO

THE COFFEE BERRIES PICKING

3.1 Collector funnel

Outside of the double spindles is a stainless

steel funnel called collector funnel (tube frame 4),

the collector funnel is composed of 2 parts: a part

fixed is also the frame of fixed spindle and the

remainder is articulated is the frame of flexible

spindle The fixed part of collector funnel is stable

but the articulated part of collector funnel could be

separated to the first to gather a branch of coffee

tree that is controlled by hand via a simple

mechanism mounted on the tube near the picker

Collector funnel receives picked coffee of the

machine and transfers them to the tube frame

through a round hole the bottom and the conveyor

tube (4 in Figure 4)

The flexible funnel part with a clearance

allows opening the mouth for picking coffee fruit In

the Figure 4, 1 is the articulated mouth that

receives coffee berries from the conic end of the

collector funnel

The collector funnel is also the flexible cover of the double spindle

3.2 Tube frame of the machine

The double spring picking spindles, motor and funnel are mounted on the top of a tube frame (Figure 4) The tube frame is used also for the tube

of conveyor of picked coffee berries that are transmitted to a hamper that is laid on the ground near the picker The length of the tube frame is selected to reach the highest coffee branches (about 3 meters) The selected stainless steel SUS304 tube with the standard diameter of tube frame is 1 ½”= 38mm, length of 2m The up end

of frame tube is connected to a horizontal elbow that pierced to the end of the funnel gatherer of the machine The Figure 5 illustrates the low end of the tube of the picking coffee machine that is closed and leaned to the leather belt of the picker

A curve tube is welded near to the end tube that is connected to a PVC tube that conducts the stream

of coffee berries to the hamper that is laid on the ground

Figure 5 The diverting tube near the end of frame tube to redirect the stream of coffee to hamper

1 Tube frame,

2 Diverting tube,

3 Stream of picked coffee berries,

4 Spring collets,

5 PVC flexible tube to the hamper

4 The accessories to the picking coffee berries

The whole picking machine is illustrated in Figure

6, we consider that the total height of the machine

is 2430 mm on the hip of the picker man could

reaches to the maximum of 3.5 meters, the highest coffee tree in central highland in Vietnam

Figure 6 The coffee berries picking machine conducts directly coffee berries to the basket

5 Conclusion

The designed coffee berries picking

machine could save a lot of time for laying

canvases and gather the coffee berries to the to

the hamper This machine could help the famers to

save expenditure, time and manpower in

harvesting section and decreases the loss of

coffee berries The stream of coffee berries inside

the tube can be blistered by the impact each

others and to the tube but according to the

manufacture the machine, the quality of the coffee bean is no change because they need only the coffee seeds and after the picking process, the coffee berries have to be rubbed by rubbing machine to get the coffee seed

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This research was supported by National Key Laboratory of Digital Control and System Engineering (DCSELAB), HCMUT, VNU-HCM

REFERENCES:

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[2] Noah Daniels, “Variations in Coffee Processing

and Their Impact on Quality and Consistency”,

MICHIGAN TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

2009

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1m8HNAhWHNJQKHfc6C6oQ_AUIBygC#img

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[4] OGUNLADE, Clement A.; AREMU, David

O.;AKINYELE, Oluwaseun A and BABAJIDE,

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[5] Fábio Lúcio Santos*, Daniel Marçal de Queiroz, Francisco de Assis de Carvalho Pinto and

Nerilson Terra Santos,”Analysis of the coffee

harvesting process using an electromagnetic Shaker”DOI: 10.4025/actasciagron.v32i3.6782

[6] Joselyn Castillo, Kevin Ward, Brooke Willin, Advisor: Dr Cesar Levy, “Arabica Coffee

Cherry Harvester Final Report “, December 2,

2015

[7] Kaloyanov N., M Zlateva, Tz Bojkov, A Gunev Joint operation of active solar systems and substations for district heating Proceedings of the XIX National Scientific Conference with International Participation FPEPM 2014, 14th – 17th

September 2014, Sozopol, Bulgaria

THIẾT KẾ VÀ CHẾ TẠO MÁY HÁI CÀ PHÊ

TÓM TẮT:

Chất lượng của cà phê Việt Nam phụ thuộc

chủ yếu vào phương thức hái trà phê Theo truyền

thống từ xưa phần lớn cây cà phê được trồng

trong mảnh vườn nhỏ của nông trại gia đình với

hai phương pháp hái truyền thống là hái trái bằng

tay rồi bỏ vào gùi hay giỏ tre đeo sau lưng với

năng suất thấp Cách thứ hai hiện đại hơn là dùng

máy lặt cho hạt rơi trên tấm bạt được trải sẵn trên

mặt đất sau đó được thu gom bằng tay, phương

pháp này tốn nhiều công sức và số lượng tấm bạt

phải lớn Bài báo đề nghị một kiểu máy hái cà phê

mới có thể khắc phục được các nhược điểm của

hai phương pháp trên Máy thiết kế hoạt động nhờ

một bình accu 12 Volts thay vì động cơ đốt trong

như hầu hết các máy cùng chủng loại do máy cần phải nhẹ để người hái có thể mang được Trái cà phê hái được được dẫn về một chiếc giỏ đặt trên đất nhờ một đường ống được thiết kế cho máy Kết quả cho thấy kiểu máy mới này cho một năng suất cao và giảm được nhiều nhân lực trong mùa thu hoạch cà phê Ý nghĩa chính yếu của kiểu máy này là tiết kiệm được chi phí, công sức lót và thu bạt trước và sau khi thu hoạch Thất thoát hạt cũng được giảm thiểu, nhất là khi thu hoạch trên vùng đất đồi Chúng tôi hy vọng là việc sử dụng kiểu máy hái cà phê mới sẽ tăng sản lượng và thu hoạch của người dân cao nguyên

Từ khóa: hạt cà phê, những tấm bạt, máy thu hái cà phê