cac dang bai tap tieng anh on tap

~The gapped word or phrase may be part of a fixed ~Check the words before and after the gap carefully to decide what type of word you are looking for.. Question 24: Think about the overa

understand itsgeneral

meaning before you attempt

the task

~The gapped word or phrase

may be part of a fixed

~Check the words before and

after the gap carefully to decide

what type of word you are

looking for

~Once you have finished the

task, readthewh letext again

to checkthat yourchoices make

sensein the text as a whole

Question2: Which of the options

forms a phrasal verb with 'off',

meaning'do something to

protect yourself rom'?

Question 3:The preposition after

the gap is regularly used with

one of the options

Question 4: The sentence talks

about the activity of decorating

egg shells and how this can

d monstate artistictalent

Which option ca b used to

describe how something is

conveyed?

Question 6: One of theoptions is

often used with a reflexive

pronoun and the preposition 'to'

to mean 'be suitable for being

used in a particular way'

Question 7:One of the options

often collocates with 'collections'

that are on display in museums

and art galleries

Question 9:The correct option is

oftenused to express that

someone orsomething possesses

something impressive

Question 12:The correct option

must mean'o en a building

officially forthefirst time'

For questions 1-1 , read the three texts below and decide which answer (A,B,Cor D)best fits each gap

In ancient times the egg was a symbol of life, birth and fertility, and it featuredprominently in several creation myths, representing the (1) beginnings of timeand the birth of the universe It was also believed that the egg had magical powers:

it could (2) off storms, illnesses and the evil eye In many societies decoratedeggs were at the centre of rituals and ceremonies that (3) with the spring - a time

of new life and growth after the long hard winter

Today eggs continue to be important in many cultural and religious events - such asEaster - and shell decoration is an effective (4) for demonstrating artistic skills

The symmetrical form of the egg - often (5) one of the most aestheticallypleasing shapes in nature - (6) itself to a great variety of decorative techniques:

it can be dyed, painted and embellished with leaves and flowers, and even gold, silverand precious jewels

The Burlington Museum was recently re-opened after an extensive developmentprogramme that aims to make the collections (7) there more appealing to a widerpublic The Museum's fine collections can now be seen in more inspiring(8) ,and exhibitions include a wide range of innovative displays which allowvisitors to make use of the latest interactive information technology The Museumalso (9) an excellent new education centre and art room, as well as a gift shop.Finally, ramps and wider doorways offer improved (10) for the disabled andpeople with limited mobility

The Museum worked closely with community groups to achieve its goals One of the(11) of this collaboration is a Buddhist shrine created with the assistance andadvice of the local Buddhist community A priest (12) this significant exhibitionand more than two hundred people of different faiths attended the event

Ques ti on 14 : Th e c orr ect optio n

mu s t me a 'lift some t hing h a y'

Peter's plane was due to leave at 8.40 am My father, having little (13) in my

brgther's abilty to get himself to the airp rt on time, had offered to drive him there

A punotual man himself by nature, he detested the thought of any (14) delays,

a d soroused Peter as early as he dared (15) ,they arrived at the airport well inadvance of the recommended two hours prior to departure They made their wayover to the check-in desk, where a queue was only just starting to (16) up

When his turn came, Peter handed over his passport and ticket and (17) his bagsonto the conveyor belt The check-in attendant frowned 'I'm sorry, sir,but you aren't

on the passenger list,' she said Then she took a closer look at his ticket and her eyeswidened in surprise 'Now I see the problem You're booked on tomorrow's fli-9~t!You've come a day too early!' She turned to my father, who was temporarily (18) for words, and asked, 'Does he do this often?'

~ This part of the exam tests

yourunderstanding of the

whole short text ortext

organisation, and some

questions may alsofocus on

thedetaisin sectio sof the

text

~ Readeachtext quickly to

understand its general

meaning before you attempt

the questions

~Readthe questions carefully

a ddecide which partof he

text theyrefer to

~ Look at key words in the

questions and see how they

relateto the relevant part of

the text.The text will probably

express ideasusing different

words fromthose that appear

in the questionsandoptions

~Checkthatthe option which

answersthe question or

completes the questionstem

Question 20: Readthe second

paragra h and thinkcarefully

about how haptic feedback helps

the machine operator.Which

optio describesthis most

successfull ?

You are going to read four extracts which are allconcerned insome way with thesense of to ch Forquestions 19-26, ch ose the answer (A, B, Cor D) which you

think fits best according to the text

Engineers are finally beginning to recognise the value of the human touchwith regard to the operation of mechanical devices Until recently, themakers of automated machinery seemed bent on rendering operatorsredundant by reducing their involvement with the machine to the touch of

a button This theoretically made the user's job easier, but in practice, theyfelt they had no connection with the machine or how it functioned

The relatively new field of haptics is changing all that It focuses onensuring that an operator can'feel' what a machine is doing Hapticprinciples, which have been applied very successfully to cars and aircraft,are now being applied to earth-moving equipment with excellent results

By programming haptic feedback into the electronic control system,engineers are helping operators to enhance their understanding of how amachine is responding to a particular terrain through feel,and by doing so,achieve optimum performance It is also hoped that operators will be able

to anticipate possible hazards in the ground, such as hidden water or gaspipes,by means of haptic warning sensations transmitted through thecontrols and so take evasive action

19 The writer says that until recently, the manufacturers of automate machin ry

A intended to make the users of machines redundant

B felt no connection with the machine they were operating

C largely ignore the human need for physical contact with a machine

D used haptic principles to develop machinery

20 Haptic feedback

A reduces the operator's understandin of how his or her machine operates

B enables the operator to manoeuvre machinery over the ground

C makes the operator's job less complex

D makes the operator more aware of how his or her machine is performing

fia f·

Question2 :Readthe question

stem andanswer options Here,

yo arebeingasked in what way

:; iropractors tre t patie ts Find"

=:Bmcarefuly Note that the

.erimplies that a person who

Chiropractors diagnose an then treat problems of a neur

o-musculoskeletal n ture by making specific adjustments to the joints

of the body - the spine in particular - in order to improve the

function of the nervous system, and th re y enable the body's

natural healing processes to do their work No drugs or surgery, justgentle manipulatio at the hands of a trained specialist!

Chiropractic is a primary health-care profession, n gating the nee

for a doctor's referral Registered chiro ractors are subject to rigorous

re ulations, and hig standards of practice are maintained

Patie ts enthuse about the wonderful feeling of release they

experience after treatme t, and how much easier and more supple

movement becomes So why not give it atry? Chiroprac c may

change your life!

21 Chiropractors treat patients

A by employing gentle massage techniques

B by altering the alignment of bones in the body

C by adjusting the position of nerves and muscles in the body

D by manipulating the nervous system

22 Before visiting a chiropractor, the writer implies you should

A visit a doctor who can diagn se your problem

B obtain a referral from your doctor

C stop taking any medication

D ensure they are a member of arecognised chiropractic organisation

Qu es ti n 23: Loo for a word or

p rase in the text that mean

'realise' and wh t the writer say ~

a er this Which option

expresses the same idea in other

words? Also, think about th

words in the op ons For

example, i you 'conform' to

s mething, wh t does that

mean?

Question 24: Think about the

overall meanin of wh t th

writer says in the second

p ragraph What d e 'a stract

images from forms' mean What

d arti ts try to do and how do

they d it How might the sense

of touch help them to do this?

Art and Visual Impairment

Ks a student artist with a minor visual impairment I had spent years trying to keep up with my peers , struggling to master the principles of colour, form and perspecti v e , until it dawned on me one day that perhaps the ski l ls I was attempting to develop need not necessarily be visual I started to re - examine the way in which

I worked and realised that I co u ld change my perspective , so to speak I started to dev i se a tactile approach to recording the world

that w o l d complement the way I experienced i t - rat h er than

me r el y trying to reproduce it

To u c h i s far more meaningf ul to the visually impaire d - bl i nd peop l e in particular - than it is for the majority of people It can offer an alternative means of observation that increases one's sense

of perception and it provides a unique, non-visual way for artists to abstract images from forms Visual artists are taught to understand lig h t I have been learning to understand space and distance ,

vo l ume and dimension, form and substance , and to work with materials that occasionally dwarf me.

23 What did the artist realise a out herself?

A She ha been trying to conform to establshed ideas about art

B She needed to improve her visual skills

C She wasn't astalented as the other students in her class

D She could improve her sight by changing the way she worked

24 How can touch be use in art?

A Itcan improve one's powers of observation

B Itfacilitates the power of sight

C It enables artists to create without needin to see

D I h lps visual artists to expe ence large objects

Question 25: Readtheq estion

stem carefully You need tofind

the'main' reason,which implies¥

there may beother reasons too:

just less important o es!

Ques t io n 26: Be carefulnot to

read too much between the

ln s.You maythink that a text

implies something, butwhat

does it actually say? Which of

the options is stated explicitly in

the text?

In touch with the child

T ou c h i s t h e firs t se n se to d eve l o in t h e e m bry o O nl y a fe w

weeks a ft er co n ce p t o a primi t ve n ervo u s syste m linkin g s kin

cel l s t o a r udim e nt ary brain ha s a l rea d d eve lop e d T h r ou g o u t

the gestatio n peri od t he fo e tu s ' s tact il e syste m de ve lop s and i t

w ill r e m a in a p ote nt fo r m of co mmuni cat ion t h r ou g hout th e

cour s e o f a p erso n ' s lif e Es se n t a ll y , t o c h aid s p syc holo g i ca l intell ec tu a l a nd ph ys ical dev el opm e nt w hil e its abs e n ce ca n

before he c a n se e, s mell, taste or h e ar , h e e xperiences oth er s a nd himself th ro u g h touch , the onl y rec ipro c al se ns e

I n our c onsum e r based soci e t y , w e mi sg uidedly try to m ee t the s e n s o ry n eeds of the n e wb or n b y p r oviding art i fi c i a l

s timula t ion and sec u r i ty, s o th a t we ca n k ee p our se lv es ' at a

dis t an ce We p ut ou r childr e n d ow n to s l eep in cot s, monitorin g

t hei r b re a t hin g w i h a l ar m s w hil e we s l eep in th e n ex t r oom

In s tead o f h l di n g t h e m clo se to ou r b di e s , we pu s h t h e m around a t ar m s ' l e n gt h in p r a m s We s u s p e nd t h e m in bab y

boun c rs in a n atte m pt t o re p r od uce t h e expe ri e n ce of be in g

jog ge d a ro u d in hum a n arm s But ba b ies n ee d th e i r mo t h ers,

no t m a chin e s a nd co ntr a ption s N o i nve n t ion can s ub s ti t ut e f o r

t he di r ect ph ysica l c ontact t ha t fo r m s th e b as i s of th e mo t h e r a nd

c hild b on d.

2 The main reason why touch is important is because

A it is the first sense to develop

B it facilitates healthy development

C it improves our communication skills

D it teaches us how to reciprocate

26 What is the writer's main point in the second paragraph?

A Children should never be left to sleep alone

B Most people fail to provide the right kind of security for their children

C Man-made objects cannot replace nature in providing tactile stimulation

D People should take a more active part in bringing up their children

You are going to read a aricle about palaeoanthropology Seven paragraphs have

been remove fom the article Choose from the p ragraphs A- H the one which fits

e ch gap (2 -33) There is one exta paragraph which you d n t need to use

PAPER 2 Writing

PAPER 3 Use of English

PAPER4 Listening

PAPER5 Speaking

Toa pala oanthropolo ist, the past is n open book, but one

that failsto tellthe whole story.The covers aremissing.The

first chapters may never be found There are hardly an

pages, and most are so smeared and crumpled, so foxed and

faded, hat the text could mean almost an thing The castof

characters isconfusing and narrative thread an b d 's guess

Isit adetective story,aclifThanger, or aromance? Can there

be ahappy ending?

H omo flor es i e n s i s wasthe mysterio s surviv r unearthed from

a cave on the island of Flore in Indonesia: a pygmy

de cendant, perhaps, ofHo m o e e ct us ,perhaps even co nected

to an earlier human specie ,but with thisspecial feature: the

b ne were only 1 ,000 years old So H omo s api en s, Ho m o

e e tu s , H omo neand e rtha l s and Homo fl oresien s i s must have al

shared the planet at the same time, tantalisin ly recenty:

within the la t 100,000 years perhaps Now o ly H omo

s ap i e n s s u r vives.

-Stringer, 57,ishead ofhuman origins at the Natural History

Mus um in London One of palaeoanthro ology's big

players, he has spent his career in pursuit of Hom o

neande r t hali s and is also one of the great pros lytisers of the

Out-of-Africa theory, the one that says the human story

begins on just one continent H o m o fl o r esie n si however,

a tonished him

~ - - -

-'Nature is constantly experimenting Ithink alot of people

tho ght that humans were somehow diferent; that we had

this all embracing culture and this unifying adaptation,

which meant that human ev lution progressed in a

somewhat different way,because of our technology an the

way we probably vainly think we are partly controling the

world n w So people proje t backwards and think that

h mans are somehow special The evidence sh ws us that

o r evolutio was as complex and asundirected, Isuppose,

asthat of an other species we have studied.'

~ - - -

-Mo ern humans pro ably popped up within the last200,000 ye rs, but the thin s that make modern humans sodistinctive in the fossil record - symbolic art, pottery andjewellery - bloomed only ab ut 50,000 yearsago.Nob d

in the world of palaeoanthropology considers modernhumanity to be the flower of creatio , either.A temp rarybloom, may e

Genetic evidence suggests humans may have come close toextincton a number of times in the past.Mo ern h mansshared the Middle Ea t wih Homo ne and e th ali s 12 0 , 00 0

years ag ,an as Cro-Magnons became the sole tenants of

Europe 30,00 years ago, a terrain held successfully b theNeanderthals for more than 100,000 years Did they

compete? Did they co-exist? Did they trade, or cohabit?

'Isti tend to the view that the primary messagewould havebeen: different They wo ld have had a different bodylan uage, a completely different way of communicaton;

they would havehad different behaviours.'

-He and his co-author Peter Andrews - a former he d ofhuman origins at the Natural History Museum, and anexpert on the early part of the human story - tried to telthe story of human ev lution not just throug time, butthroug is context Stringer s ys: how you set ab utexcavating a site,what a piece of tooth or jaw can tel y uabout ancient human behaviour In that, he title ofthe boomeans what i s ys: complete

A It'shumbling, Stringer says.'We shouldn't see ourselves as

the summit of the pel{ectio of whatever evolution is

trying to a hieve.We seem to be very successful at the

moment in terms of our numbers b t, looking at iton a

geolo ical timescale, how ~ ccessful will we look in

5 ,0 0 years, which is a very shor tme, geolo ically

speaking?'

B 'Nean erhals were certainly human and evolved asus

in their own way, but they were different They had

several hu dred th usan years of evolving their own

anatomy and behaviour But when these people met in

Europe would they have seen each other as people Or

as someone different?' he says

C What stories could these b nes tel?And wh could have

dreamed, before their disco ery that some tree-climbing,

p gmy-elep ant-hunting h man c ndidate could have

survived o a tropical island while H omo sapiens moved

into the Fertile Crescent, preparing to in ent agrculture,

civi sato an glo al terrorism?

D He thin s the Neanderthals pershed at a moment of

maximum stess in the sto -go, hot-cold pattern of

clmate during the last ice age.Though they left thei

mark inthe Pyrenees, they never g t to Britain at all.But

then the human occu atio of Britain itsel is a bi of a

riddle.There is evidence of it, most of it indirect, of little

p lses of human occu ation, and then agap of 100,000

years when no humans appe red tohavevisited Britain at

al Modern humans fnally moved in and stayed o ly

12,000 years ago

~ This part of the e am tests your understanding of how a

text is organise and, in particular, how paragraphs relate to

each other.

~ Read the main text hrough first to get a id a of wh t it is

about and how th wri er develop his or her subject mat r.

~ Read the para raphs before and after each gap carefully to

see how they are connected.

~ Underline the names of peo le, organisations or places.

Als , underline reference words such a ' this', 'it', 'th re',

etc They will help you s e conn c o s between sentence

and paragraphs.

~ Read paragraphs A-H and do the same, noting how each

may b linked to the subject matter of the main article.

butchering large beasts like rhinos They may not have

killed these beasts themselves - they were, after al,

dan erous animals- but evenif they were just scavenging,

it must have taken some degree of cooperation andorganisatio to have driven off the lo s or wolves, andsecured the carcassfor themselves

F There is astory-so-far, but that potted version ofevents is

forever being revised, and nobo y knows that better than

Chris Stringer, one of the authors of a book p blshed

today caled The Complete World of H uman E volut o

Complete? Stringer spent eight years on the text Then,

latelastyear,hehad tosit down in one night and compose

an entirely new chapter to incorporate the disco ery of

H omo flor s i ensis, also known asthe Hobbit

G Here isthe orthodm,'Y,pieced together over a century or

more b Darwin's disciples: primate cre tures wih a

capa ity for walking upright emerged perhaps twenty

million ye rs ago.From these emerged the ancestors ofall

gorillas, allchimpanzees an all humans There isno line

of ev lution: think, instead, of folage, and the survivinhumans an two spe ies of chimpanzees arejust ne rbbuds at the ends of twigs d se together o the tree oflife

H 'Until that turned up, we had noidea that ancient humanshad ever reached asfar asFlores.We certainly had no ideathat there was a completely new kind ofhuman - or isieven human? That is still bein argued abo t - livin

there, and the fact that it was still around there when

modern people passed thro gh the region Each of those

isastonishing and that shows how little we knew about

h man evolution in that part of the world We are

building up the pieces of a huge, complex jgsaw,and we

still have alot of spaces tofillin,'he says

~ Underline time references and notice any changes in tense within a text The writer may be comparing a past situation with the present.

~ Whe y u have finis ed th ta k , read through the completed te t to make sure it ma es sens

Question 30:Compare the paragraph before the gap with that which comes after it Notice that in the paragraph after the gap, he writer makes use of a metaphor Look for a option which employs a similar u e of language.

Question 32 :In the paragraph before the gap, Homo neanderthalis is mentioned and questions are asked Look for

an option which addresses these questions in some way.

You are going to read an extract from a short story For questions 3 -4 , choose theanswer (A,B, Cor D) which you think fits be t accordin to the tex

PAPER3 Use of English

PAPER4 Listening

PAPER5 Speaking

'Time to go , Joe : Officer Dic k s tands i n the no w

open door w ay to f r eedom I hesitate and

contemplate this fact w ith some trepidation ,

oscillating bet w een a feeling of ex citement and one

of utter dread I suddenly feel as if I am standing at

the top of a precipice , parachute attached and ready

to jump , but tortu r ed by the ove rw helming fear that

w hen I jump the chute w on ' t open Afte r dreaming

of this moment fo r y e ar s, endl ess ly counting off the

d a ys , o er and o v e r - e v er si nce I cam e here , i n f act

- I am no w g r ipped wit h a sen s e of t e r ror a t th e

thought t hat th e tim e h a s actuall y ar r ived.

B i ll, m y s o n-to-be er stw h ile neighb o r, no t ic es

m y s u den r elu ctanc e and smi le s, nod di ng s ag ely.

' Har d, sn ' t i ?' he sa ys 'Y o u s p en d a ll your time

w aiti n f or yo ur r elease o nl y t o f i n t h a t w hen i

comes do w n to i t, you d o ' t w an t to g o M uc h as

you hate to admi t it, thi s dum p h a s become you r

home , and the lad s, ev en the w ard e n , ble s s him ,

w elt they've become f am i ly :

A sarcastic quip in respon se to th i s last r ema r k

dies in my throat It s t r i k es me that this motley

bunch of miscreants w ith w hom I have co-existed

for the last five years have indeed come to mean

something to me, and that in spite of myself I w ill

miss them Like a w orn-out old coat that you can't

thro w a w ay , w e ha v e moulded together , an unli k ely

yet close-knit gr o up , no t particul a rly fond of each

othe r, pe r haps , but comfortable i n the f a mil i a r it of

e c h othe r' s p r esence B i ll , w ith h is w eather-bea t en ,

po ck- marked f a ce and his i nf uri a t in g habit of

w histling t h e s ame tu n e ov e r a n o er a g a i n has

become li k e a b ro t h e r to m e He m a y ir r i at e me to

s creaming p oint s e v e ral times a d ay, a n d no doub t i f

you w e r e to a sk hi m about me , he feeling w ould be

mut u al, but w e hav e g r o wn u s ed t o sha r ing a f a g

and t alking about nothing i n par ti cula r It s uddenly

d aw ns on me that he und e r s tand s me i n a w ay

no b ody else ever has and I ne v er ha v e to pretend to

be so m e thing I am not with him He j ust seems to

k no w w h at is going on in my head and doesn't

ques ti on i but ra the r accepts it philosophi c l ly I realise there is s ome t hing com f o r t ng about w a k ing

up e v ery morning to the s ounds of Bill moving around his domain ne x t door

Sighing, I tak e a la s t look around the walls of my cell Not much to look at because I never really

b othered to de c orate it, my mind determinedly focused on t he temporar y nature of my stay Even

s o, it is a ma z ing ho w we unwittingly leave t races of

o rs el v e s w here v e r w e g o, stamping our s e lf o

e v er y thing we t ouch The r e i s the rubbe r mar k on the w a l l a bove my be d , m a d e by my thro wi ng a

sm a ll ball a t it e v er y day, an ac t ivi t y wh i c h gra t ed

on Bi l 's n e rv e s but which he l p e d me calm m y o w n

Th en t h e w all aga in s t w hi c h m y bunk st a nds is

sp at t ered w i h writ i n : the ly r ic s o f so n s and the

li nes o f poem s t h at I h av e st r u ggled not t o fo r get.

Whe r e v e r I lo ok , I s e e t hin gs that a r e f amilia r They define me i n som e w ay and g i ve me my ident i ty by

w hich other s recogni s e m e Out there the unkno w n

w aits to engulf me , a n d the loneliness of being marginalised b y society ; I w ill be branded by the fact that I ha v e done time - just another bad apple

It occurs to me that w e convicts spend all our time cooped up and trapped , longing for the moment w e w ill be f r ee again , not realising that there is a pe rv erse f r eedom t o being inside : a

f eedom f r om all forms of r es ponsibility You r accommod at i o , f ood , clothing and essen t ials are all

p r ovided fr e o f charge The r e i s no need to w o rk and you can s pend a l da y read i ng o r j u s t d oing not hi ng i f y u want to Su ch lu x r ies a r e h a r d t o

c o me b y o n th e outs id e b ec au se out ther e you a r e '

f or c d t o fend f or y ou r sel f a nd perha p s f or o t he r s in

a n un f or gi vi n soc iet y, and it ' s tough Ou t there , you mu s t face li fe He r e , you can turn y ou r b a ck on

it, and t h a t see ms co sy a n d appealing t o m e r ight

ssentia tips

~ This part ofthe exam tests

your detailed understanding of

a text,includingthe views an;J

atitudes expressed

~ Readthe whole text quickly for

its ge eral meaning- the gist

~ Th q estions follow the order

ofthetext, altho gh th last

question may referto the text

as awhole or ask about the

reading.Lookforthe option

that expresses this meaning,

probably in otherwords

~ Be careful:someoptions may

state facts that are truein

themselves but which do not

answer the question or

complete the question stem

correctly;othersmayinclude

words used in the text but this

does not necessarily mean that

a swers thequestion correctly

Nhatdoes the writer actualy tell

li a outhis feelings inthis

o ragraph?

Question 38: If you do not know

- emeaningof thewords inthe

optio s,guess.Forexample,if

34 In the first paragraph, how does the writer allude to his situation?

A He has mixed feelings about it

B He isafaid of heights

C He thinks there may be disastrous conse uences

D He regrets wasting so much time

35 How did the writer react to Bill's comment?

A Hecouldn't think of anything clever to say

B He realised that Bill would miss him

C He suddenly saw the ward n as a member of his family

D Hethought Bi h d made a go d point

36 The writer and Bill

A have nothing much in common

B dislike each other

C find solace in each other's compa y

D have developed some peculiar habits

37 The writer finds it surprising that

A he didn't decorate his cell after all these years

B he has left evidence of his personality in the cell

C he has spoiled the wall near his bed

D he has forg tten the words to some songs

3 How does the writer feel about leaving prison?

A He is aware that there will be nothing familiar around him

B He isworried that people won't recognise him any more

C He is afraid that he will beostracised asan ex-convict

D He isconcern d a out leaving his old friends behind

39 In the penultimate paragraph, what does the writer imply is ironic?

A that prison offers certain liberties

B that free people have many responsibilities

C that luxuries are rare in the outside world

D that prison life is more comforable than life outside

40 Overall, the writer implies that leaving prison

A is an event that is long overdue

B is a reason for celebrating

C is not asjoyful as he thought itwould be

D is only atemporary situation

Question40 : This question refers

to the wholeof thetext Some of

the optionsmaybe mentioned

somewhere inthe text and soappeartobecorrect,but this does

not mea that they expresswhat

the writer is implyin overall

PAPER 3 Use of English

PAPER 4 Listening

PAPER 5 Speaking

~ In Paper 2 you must a ns wer

two q uestions in tw o hours, so

ti ming is impor t ant.

~ The que s tio n in Part 1 is

compu ls o r y You may be asked

to w ri te a n a r tic le, a n essay, a

l e t ter or a proposa l A l of these

w i be wr i tten for a particu l ar

purpose a n d target reader

Make s u re you a r e famil i ar with

a ll four text types that may

occur in Part 1.

~ P art 1 tests your abi l ity to

process information given t o

you through instructions as

well as written or visual

p r ompts i n order to produce a

piece of wr i ng that makes u se

of this info r mation in an

approp ri ate s t yle

~ Read the instruct i ons careful l y

and u n derl i ne the key wo r ds

t h at tell you what you have to

do T hen r ead the written

prompt , w h ic h may be an

extract f r om a l etter , art i c l e, etc

a d unde rl in e the re l evant

info r ma ti on If th ere is a v i sua l

prom p t a s well, m ake sure you

unders t a d w h t i n f ormation i

is convey i ng You must make

use of all t h i nformation i n

yo u r wri t ing

Question 1

~ Here, you have been asked to

write a l et t er to a newspa p er,

so think about the reg i ster

-how fo r ma l or informal should

it be?

~ A nal y se the points i n the

written prompt How far do you

agree o r disagree w i h each

point? Do you agree? Do you

d i sagree? O r do you agree w i th

some points to a certain e x t e nt

but d i sag r ee wit h others?

You m us t answer t h i s question Wr i te y ur answer in 300-350 w o rd s i n a app r opriate sty l e.

· 1 You have read the e x tract be l ow as part o f a n e w s paper arti c l e abo ut t he way technology has affected the lives of young pe o ple Reade rs h v been a ked to send i n thei r opin i ons You decide to w r ite a letter to the n ews p pe r r esp o nd in g

to t he point s rai s ed a nd exp r essing you r own view s

T h e in f iltration o f tec hn o l ogy in our liv es i s ha vi ng a negativ e effe ct on our

c h dren Whereve r we tu r n , we see

y oung people c lutchi n mobile

t e l e phones , sitting a t cybe r cafes , or

eng ro s sed in s om e co mput er ga me.

T h ey no longer se em to b e i ntere s ted

i n t h e ir o w n c ultu r e a nd a r e l o s ing

thei r indi v id u alit y T h ey en g a g e l ess

i n w h le s ome p ys i ca l ac ti iti e s ,

s p e nd mo r e tim e ind oo r s , h ave f e w er

soc i al p as tim es - ev e n th e i r aca d e mic

perfo rmanc e see m s to b e s uff e ring.

lette r w i th a strong , cl e ar po int

or by say i ng what you hope the outcome will be

w h ich can lend weight to ea c

of your po i nts Use e x m ples

w h erever possible i n order to under l ine y ou r mes s ge.

~ Make sure you use a g oo d

se l ection of link i n words and phrases in you r writ i ng

~ M ake su r e t h e e x amine r can read your w riting When you have fin i shed , check yo u r spe ll i ng and punc t ua t ion

~ See the W r iting bank on page

142 for e x amp l es of different types of wr i ng

~ Think about ap p ropriate

l anguage a n d e x r essions

PAPER 3 Use of English

PAPER 4 Listening

PAPER 5 Speaking

~ The r e are fo ur quest i ons t o

c hoose from in P art 2 Qu e t on

5 r elates to t h set bo o ks (w orks

of literature) whi c y u mi g ht

h ave studie d and prep a red For

q uestions 2-4 you will be

re quired t o write one o f he

fo llowing t ex t t y pes : an artic le, a

lett er , a proposal a rep o r t o r a

rev iew If ou h v e st ud i e d o ne

of he s e t bo o ks an d wa n t to

a swer q uest i on 5 , you can

e p ect to write one of t h

fo llowing te x t types: an article,

a essay , a letter, a report or a

revi e w Make sure you have h ad

pra tice w r iting a ll t e t ypes

~ Choo se a qu est i o you t hink

you w i be able to a ns wer

sati sfacto r ily Read eac h

que stio n ca re fully A r e you

am i liar with the features of th e

ext type? Do you kno w e nough

appr opriate vocabul a ry to writ e

on the to pic in the questi o n?

a e sur e you unde r s ta n

h t y u h ve to d o by

_nder lining the key p o ints in

- e q uestion and th e n plan

.o r answer around these,

in g down suitable words

" d p hrases you may want to

_se in your writing

: : ,y ur se lf into the 'c onte x t '

:;= the ta sk , a nd consi de r your

-='g t r e der Then wr it e your

-: in a register and style

,,: pro ri t e for the particular

-=-x:.

:-eck y ur t ex t for rel e vance ,

- : - ety o f lang u g e and

racy.

'on3

nk ab out the question

_ J i reme nts Who are your

-=~et re ders? You should not

_- : - 0 form al s i nce yo u ar e

- ng for fello w stud e t s , but

: 3C : ni-fo rm al regis t er wou ld

- ="ppropri ate

Write an answer to o e of the q uestions 2- 4 in th i s part Write your answer in

- 2 The lo c l counc i a ut hority has r ecent ly decid e to develop an area of neglected

w asteland meas uri ng ap p ro xi m a tely 5 , 000 squa r e met r es on t he o u tskirts of the town T hey hope t o ma k f ul l use of t h e a r ea fo r t he benef it of both locals and visitors They ha v e therefore in v ited the public to send in pr oposals So far , t he r e have been suggestions that the area be used fo r parkland , a sports complex, a hyperma rk e t an en t er t ainment comp l e or a natu r e reserve.

3 Y ou ha ve been ask e to w r ite a review for you r college magazine comparing two

of the te x tboo k you have been s t udyin g this ye ar on your cou r se Write your

r eview and say what you th i n of the boo k ' level and co n tent and whether they meet studen t s' e pe c ta t ions and r equirements.

4 The restau r a t chain t ha t you wor k for has rece i ved a number of complaints

a out the poor qual i ty of service an d f ood at one of i t s restaurants You have been asked t o investigate the compla i nts and submit a repor t commenting on the presen t standard of food , the quality of staff service, and making suggestions for improvements

~ Und er line the key points in the ques t o and ma k e notes This ques t on asks you to c m pa r e

tw o te xt boo k , s de ci d

w heth er yo u want to p r ais e the m, c r i ti is them o r pr a ise some as pects a n d critic i se

o t h er s Consid e r co n tra sting the two books

~ Organise your points int o

p r a gr a h b efore wri t ng

Qu es t io n 4

~ Consi d er t h topi c car e f ull y Your

r e o r t should be ad dress ed t o a particular person in authority , and n ee ds to b e fo r mal in style.

So think of suitabl e langua ge

yo u can use

~ R eports te nd to b writ te n acc or di ng to a set p la n This

in c lu de s:

• an introduction, in w hich

y ou e x pla i n your pu r pose

fo r wri n your report an d

th e ma t e rs yo u hav e

i n es tig ated.

• the ma i n b dy (u u l y t wo

o r more p ra gr ap hs ) i n which yo u di sc u s the current situation In this

c ase, on e paragra p could des c b e t h e pr e en t

st an da r d o f ood , ci ting

s om e com p la i nts th a t h av e been ma de a o t i t as well

a s yo u r o wn o bser va ti n Anoth e r p ragr a ph co uld desc r ibe the pres e nt quality

of servic e in a simil a r way.

• a con c l u sion, in whi c h you make re com mend a o ns f or

im provi n the sit u t io

~ C a r e full y p l a n ed, a re po rt is

r e l ati v el y str aigh tf or war d

~ Readthe whole text for gist

before you attempt the task It

is important to notice if

negative ideas are expressed,

or where there is antithesis or

contrast

~Think about thl:!type of word

that is missing.Most gapped

words form part of the

grammatical structure of a

sente ce, but some may form

partof a phrasal verb or a fixed

phrase

~Checkthe words before and

after the gap carefully,

Remember,the gapped word

must fit into the meaning of

the text as a whole.Sometimes

a gapped word will affect the

development of the text so be

careful

~When the gapped word is a

quantifier,think about whether

it is positive or negative.When

it is a connector,does it

introduce a supporting point or

a contrasting one?

~Onceyou have completed the

task,read through the text

again to make sure it makes

sense.Checkyour spelling:

marks are notawarded for

misspeltwords

Question 2: Thinkof an

expression with 'to' which

means 'as a result of'

Question 4: Which particle

follows 'stumble' to form a

phrasal verb meaning 'find or

discover by chance'?

Question8: Look at the

grammatical structure

immediately after the gap What

type of word are you looking for?

For questions 1-15, read the text below and think of the word which best fits eachspace Use only one word in each space There is an example at the beginning (0)

the discovery of the Rosetta Stone

officer, Pierre Francois Bouchard, realised they had stumbled (4)

a finding of great significance and handed it over to scholars

The Rosetta Stone has inscriptions in two languages, Egyptian and Greek,

Bouchard, who recognised it, to the importance of the discovery

hieroglyphics, but it was (12) until 1822 that there was a majorbreakthrough The 'French linguist, Jean Francois Champollion was familiar with

Question1 :Which word goes

with 'until' toexpress that itwas'only' in 1822thatscholars

came close to finding a

solution?

Question1 :Which word

co veys theidea of'in this

way'? Sometimes more thanoneword can complete a gap

correctly

~ Read the whole text for gist

before you attempt thetask

~Look at each gap carefully and

decide what part of speech is

missing - noun,verb ,

adjective,or adverb

~Look atthe context o decide

whether the gappedword

shouldhave apositive or

nega t i ve meaning

~If the gapped word isa noun,

shouldit be singular or plural?

If it is averb, what tense or

form should it be?

~Check if the gappedword is an

ad j ective or an adverb

~You may need to addo eor

more prefixes and/orsufixes

~Once youhave completed the

task, read through the text

again to make sure it makes

sense.Check your spelling:

marks are not awarded for

Questio 1 :Notice the

Question 21:Av a c cin e isa

su stancegi ven top o le or

3 imals to protect them against

isease Is the meaning of the

•ordyou needh re positiveor

- eg a ti e

Qu stion25: Has public opinion

: >'b ts so farbeen positive or

For questions 16-25, read the text below Usethe word given in capitals at the end

of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the space in the same line There is

an example at the beginning (0).Write your answers in CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet

(16) creatures of the night: that they are blind

and carry rabies, and ifyou (17) wander into theirlair, they panic and flap around wildly They may even become

good eyesight and depend on sonar for nocturnal navigation Theirtalent for echolocation makes it virtually impossible for them tobump into you, let alone get caught up in your hair Another(19) view of b~ts is that they are dirty; in reality,

Bats play an important role in the environment About seventy

insects, thus assisting farmers with pest control But they areimportant in other ways, too Some species feed primarily on fruit

( 24 )

So beari~ all this in mind, isn't it time we stopped speaking of

b ts with , 25) a d started to see them as the

amazing animals they really are?

PAPER 1 Reading

PAPER2 Writing

PAPER4 Listening

PAPER 5 Speaking

~ Make sure you read all three

sentences in a set.A word may

make sense in one ortwo of

the sentences, but it is not

correct unless it makes sense

in all three!

~The gapped word mustbe the

same part of speech and have

the same form ine ch

sentencein a set

~Theg pped word mayhave an

unusualor unfamiliar usage,or

form part of an expression or

phrasal verb

Question 26: Read the second

'sentence;it will help if you know

what a symphony is and who

Brahms and Schumann were

Question 28:You should be able

toguessthe gapp dword by

rea ingthefirstsentence, but if

youcan't, the adjective in the

second sentence hasth

meaning of 'strong and able to

deal with difficult situations'

Question 30: The gapped word

has a similar meaning in the

second and third sentences:

'make longer in time or

distance' n the first sentence

• She had to explain the matter to me again before I saw the

himself

ngle-handedly

• Before ending the meeting, the Managing Director asked if anyone wanted

• Gerald thinks helooks in that black leather jacket with thestuds

paper

for being with 'ustonight

'/

• They originally intended to spend ten days in Egypt but now they've

died in the war

• The doctor his life to finding a cure for this fatal disease

through all the difficult times

PAPER 1 Readrng

PAPER2 Writing

PAPER 4 Listening

~ Read both sentences carefully

The gapped sentence must

express all the information

contained in the prompt

sentence, but in different

words

~You must use thekey word to

completethe gapped sentence,

but you must not change its

form in any way

~The key wordmay be part of

an expression

~ You may need to change the

form of words in the prompt

sentence, and the order in

which you express the

information

~Beprepared to exp riment

For example, you may have to

ch nge an active structure to a

passive one,or a positive

sentence to a negative one

~Your answer must bebetween

reeand eight words in

ength.If you write too few or

:0 0 many words, you will be

o:>enalised

estion32:Which expression

'under'conveys the idea of

-lre isno way'? Asentence

=- inning in thiswaywill need

~- 'nversion

dislikesomething Whatdo

, =_ eedto say here in orderto

: "the gapped sentencethe

For questions 32-39, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning

to the first sentence, using the word given Do not change the word given Youmust use between three and eight words, including the word given Here is anexample (0)

Example:

o He struggled to open the door

difficulty

o had difficulty i n opening 1 = 0 = I

32 There is no way I'm letting you go to that party!

allowing

36 It's not like her to behave like that as she's normally very calm

keeping

on

38 The rumours of his being fired are not true

contrary

She was very nice to me at first and I never imagined she could be so cruel!little

could be so cruel!

PAPER 1 Reading

PAPER 2 Writing

Part 1Part 2

~ It is a good idea to attempt

questions 40-43 first This will

help you focus on the points

~Somequestions may ask you

to findwords or phrases in the

text Others may ask you to

explain the meaning of words

and phrases or part of the text

Use your own words to do this

and do not copywords and

phrases from the text Be

careful toexplain only what

you are asked for,not the

whole paragra h!

Question40: What is the word

'commercial' usually associated

with? Consider how tourism

might develop if more and more

people want to visit Antarctica

For questions 40-44, read the following texts on tourism in Antarctica For questions

40-43, answer with a word or short phrase For question 44, write a summaryaccording to the instructions given

Antarctica represents ten percent of the Earh's landmass and is also theworld's last unspoilt wilderness, so it is hardly surprising that greaternumbers of people are visiting the frozen continent every year.Tourism toAntarctica began in the late 1950s but it wasn't until the 1990s that it began

5to have a commercial impact In the summer season 2004-5, over 27,000tourists visited Antarctica, and if one takes into account the crew, supportteams and scientists that went there too, the actual number of visitors wascloser to 50,000 The tourist industry is predicting that these figures willincrease even further Mass tourism has arrived

Tourism is already exering pressures on the Antarctic environment, andwhat worries environmentalists is that there is no current regulation and

1 very little constraint on where people may go and what they can do there.Tours to important wildlife and historic sites often attract large numbers ofpeople, and a new kind of 'adventure tourism' - offering activities such asscuba-diving, skydiving, and skiing - has also arrived Tourists can even flydirectly in to waiting ships, and there is now better access to inland areasthanks to light aircraft, helicopters and land vehicles Inevitably, there havebeen calls for accommodation to'be built ashore, as well as airstrips andlanding sites

However, if tourism is not to compromise Antarctica's designation as anatural reserve, it must be subject to certain restrictions concerning wherepeople can go and the types of activities they can do once they get there.Otherwise it is doubtful whether Antarctica can remain the last pristineenvironment on the planet for much longer

to Antarctica like to feel? (They

pay a lot of money to visit the

only continent that has not been

populated by people.) Why do

some tour operators avoid other

groups of tourists when they

arrive?

Q ues t io n 44

~ Here, you need to use

information from both texts in

order to write a short

summary Read the question

carefully to see what

information you are being

asked for.

~ Make a list of points from the

two texts and then check that

they are releva t to the

question.

points for your summary The

first of these forms part of the

message running through the

text and is hard to miss The

second point is briefly

mentioned but it is something

that you would proba ly

consider if you were thinking of

visiting Antarc c The secon

text also includes two points.

The first clearly mentio s one

of the thing a potent al visitor

should be aware of Th

second point offers ad ice.

~ Write your summary from the

own words as far ' as possible

Remember:

• A summary needs no

introduction or conclusion

• You need to summarise what

asked for yo r opinion.

• Do not inclu e unnecessary

detai s s c as ex mples to

support a p int.

~ Check the number of words,

etc ~

NTARCTICA

has no indigenous population - if you exclude theunavoidable colonies of penguins - and the only people youare likely to see there are other tourists Some prudent tour

operators, however, schedule their landings so they don'tbump into each other, thus reinforcing the illusion of the

wilderness experience

Vessels travelling to the Antarctic vary in size from cruiserscarrying around fifty passengers to much larger ice-strengthened vessels with a capacity of 1,000 or so TheInternational Association of Antarctic Tour Operators (IAATO),awell-respected voluntary organisation, has established rulesabout the size of ships allowed into Antarctic waters andconduct o't landing sites,so you should check that the tour

company you go with is a member One of these rules statesthat no more than 100 people can visit land at anyone time,so

it is usually better to go with a smaller ship to ensure you will get

to see some of the spectacular wildlife and natural features ofthe continent up close

Tours operate in the summ,ermonths, between November andMarch, when you can expect more than twenty hours ofsunlight and temperatures up to 10°C In the wintertemperatures can plunge to -90°C, but only a handful of

hardened scientists ever sit it out

44 In a para raph of 50-70 words, summarise in your ow n wo rd s a s f a r a s po s sibl e

which factors, according to both texts, should be taken into consideration byanyone thinking of going on a tour to Antarctica Write your summary on th e

separat e a nswer sh ee t