ARTICLES MẠO TỪ 1 Mạo từ bất định indefinite aricles: A, AN A, AN có thể đứng trước danh từ đếm được số ít - A, AN được sử dụng trong lời nói chung chung, hoặc để giới thiệu một điều gì
Trang 1ARTICLES (MẠO TỪ) 1) Mạo từ bất định (indefinite aricles): A, AN
A, AN có thể đứng trước danh từ đếm được số ít
- A, AN được sử dụng trong lời nói chung chung, hoặc để giới thiệu một điều gì đó chưa được đề cập đến trước đó
Ex: A ball is round (nói chung mọi quả bóng đều hình tròn)
I saw a boy in the street (chúng ta không biết “boy” nào)
+ AN đứng trước những từ bắt đầu bằng một nguyên âm
+ A đứng trước những từ bắt đầu bằng một phụ âm
Ex: A book, a pen,…
An apple, an ink-pot,…
Lưu ý: Một số trường hợp hợp ngoại lệ:
An hour, an heir, an honor,…
A uiversity, a European, a uniform, a union,…
2) Mạo từ xác định (definite articale): THE
- THE được dùng chỉ sự việc chung mà ta đã biết (đã được đề cập trước đó), kiến thức
chung, phổ biến, hoặc chỉ sự duy nhất.
Ex: The boy in the corner is my friend (cả người nói lẫn người nghe đều biết “boy” rồi)
The earth is round (chỉ có duy nhất 1 “earth”)
- Với danh từ không đếm được, “THE” được sử dụng để nói cái gì đó riêng biệt, nhưng
sẽ không dùng “the” nếu chỉ muốn nói chung chung.
Ex: Sugar is sweet (Đường thì ngot) nói chung chung
The sugar on the table is from Cuba (Đường trên bàn là đường Cuba) riêng biệt
- Thông thường, với dang từ đếm được số nhiều khi nói đến một loại nào đó thì không
có “THE”.
Ex: Oranges are green until the ripen (All oranges)
Athletes should follow a well-balanced diet (all athletes)
- Những từ như breakfast, lunch, dinner, school, church, home, college, work không dùng mạo từ.
Trang 2Tổng quát cách dùng “THE”
1 Oceans, rivers, seas, gulfs, plural lakes
Ex: The Red Sea, The Atlantic Ocean, The
Persian gulf, the great Lakes
2 Mountain ranges
Ex: The rocky mountains, the Andes
3 Earth, moon
Ex: The earth, the moon,…
4 Schools, collages, universities when the
phrase begin with school,….
Ex: The University of Florida
The college of Art and Sciences
5 Ordinal numbers before nouns
Ex: the First world war, the third chapter,…
6 Wars (except World Wars)
Ex: the Korean war,…
7 Certain countries or groups of
countries with more than one word
(except Great Bratain)
Ex: the United States, the United Kingdom
1 Sigular lakes
Ex: Lake geneva, Lake Erie,…
2 Mountains
Ex: (Mount) Vesuvius, (Mount) McKinley, (Mount) Everest,…
3 Planets
Ex: Venus, Mars,…
4 Schools, collages, universities when the phrase begin with a proper noun.
Ex: Hong Bang college Hung Vuong University
5 Cardinal numbers after nouns
Ex: World War I, chapter three,…
6 Countries proceded by “NEW” or an adjective such as a direction
Ex: New Zealand, South Africa
7 Contries with only one word
Ex: France, Sweden, Vietnam,…
Trang 38 Historical documents
Ex: the constitution
9 Ethnic groups
Ex: the Indians
8 Continents
Ex: Europe, Africa,…
9 States
Ex: Florida, Ohio, California,…
10 Sports
Ex: Baseball, baseketball,…
11 Abstract nouns
Ex: Freedom, happiness,…
12 General areas of subject matter
Ex: Mathematics, sociology,
13 Holidays
Ex: Christmas, Easter,…
EXERCISE Exercise 1: Điền a/an/the vào chỗ trống cần thiết
1 Jason’s father bought hime …………bicycle that he had wanted for his birthday
2 ………….Statue of Liberty was a gift of friendship from……….France to……… United States
3 Rita is studying ……… English and ………math this semester
4 ……….judge asked………….witness to the ………….truth
5 Please give me ………….cup of……….coffee with…………cream and ……… sugar
6 ……….big books on ……….table are for my history class
7 No one in ………… Spanish class knew………… correct answer to ………… Mrs Brown’s question
8 My……….car is four years old, and it still runs well
Trang 49 When you go to ………… Store, please buy ……… bottle of ………… Chocolate milk and ……… dozen oranges
10
There are only ………few seats left for …………tonight’s musical show at
………university
11
John and Mary went to ………… school yesterday and then studied in ………… Library before returning home
12
……… Lake Erie is one of ……….five great Lakes in ………… North America
13
On our trip to ………….Spain, we crossed ……….Atlantic Ocean
14
……… Mount Rushmore is the site of……….magnificent tribute to
……… four great American presidents
15
What did you eat for ……….breakfast this morning?
16
David played ……… basketball and ………baseball at
……….Boy’s club this year
17
Rita plays ……… Violin and her sister plays ……… guitar
18
While we were in ……… Alaska, we saw ……… Eskom village
19
Tom can’t go to ……… movies tonight because he has to write ………… essay 20
David attended ……… Princeton University
21
Harry has been admitted to ……… School of Medicine at ……… mid-western University
Trang 5Mel’s grandmother is in ……… hospital, so we went to visit her ……… last night
23
……… political science class is taking ……… trip to ………… France in
……… spring
24
Scientists sent ……… expedition to ……… Mars during ………… 1990s 25
Last night there was ……… bird singing outside my house
26
……… chair that you are sitting in is broken
27
……… Civil War was fought in ……… United States between 1861 and 1865 28
……… Florida State University is smaller than ……… University of Florida
29
There was ……… Knock on ………… door I opened it and found ……… small dark man in ……… blue overcoat and ………… woolen cap
30
……… Queen Elizabeth II is ……… monarch of ………… Great Britain 31
Do you know ……… time?
Yes, ……… Clock in ………… Hall has just struck nine
32
………… listening to ……… teacher is useful for all of us
33
Most of ……… students working in ………… garden are tired
34
He works as ……… assistant in ………… same shop as I do
35
Do you think I should go to ……… police?
Trang 6To prevent ……… possible repetition of this accident, I lent him ……… Torch 37
Most ……… farmers working hard on their land almost get nothing for their lifetime
38
Do you see ……… man standing near ……… door?
39
I told you about ……… burglary that we had at ……… shop, didn’t I? 40
……… practicing English everyday of all the students in our class is very necessary
Exercise 2: Điền vào chỗ trông bằng a, an, the hoặc some khi cần thiết
1 ………… milk come from …… cow
2 ………… window is made of ……… glass
3 ………… table is made of ………….wood
4 We can write …… Litter on ……… paper
5 We eat ……… soup with ……… spoon
6 I can write ……… letter in …… ink or with …… Pencil
7 There is ………… dirt on this plate and ………… dirty mark on the tablecloth
8 I want ………… glass of lemonade with ……… Sugar in it
9 I like ………… music very much
10
……… doors of our room are broken
11
……… man standing at the door is my brother
12
I received ……… letter this morning, ……… Letter was from my brother
13
………… meat that we bought yesterday has spoiled
14
………… birds can fly very high in ……… sky