Unit 7. Celebrations

Unit 7. Celebrations tài liệu, giáo án, bài giảng , luận văn, luận án, đồ án, bài tập lớn về tất cả các lĩnh vực kinh tế...

Unit 7: CELEBRATIONS CELEBRATIONS

Conditional sentences

 Conditional Sentences are

also known as Conditional Conditional

Clauses or If Clauses If Clauses They are used to express that the action

in the main clause (without if) can only take place if a certain condition (in the clause with if)

is fulfilled.

  A conditional sentence

consists of 2 clauses: an if

clause and a main clause Main clause IF clause

Zero conditional

Ex: - If you heat a metal object, it expands

- If you heat water to 100 degrees, it boils

- If I don’t get enough sleep, I feel tired

Note: : Most zero conditional sentences will mean the same thing if "when" is used instead of "if"

Usage: to express facts that are always true, scientific facts, general truths …

Form: If clause

Simple present

Main clause

Simple present

First conditional ( conditional type 1)

If I don’t see him this afternoon , I will phone him in the evening

 The main clause can also be at the beginning of the sentence In this case, don't use a comma.

Ex: I will send her an invitation if I find her address

We 'll go to the park if it 's sunny

I will phone him in the evening if I don’t see him this afternoon

Usage: To talk about possibilities in the present or in the future, or to make predictions about the future

Form:

If clause

Simple present

Main clause

Will + Bare infinitive

If it 's sunny , we ' ll go to the park.

If I find her address , I ’ll send her an invitation.

Ex:

Second Conditional ( conditional type 2)

→ It is possible but very unlikely, maybe impossible, that the

condition will be fulfilled.

Note: **This ‘past simple’ form is slightly different from usual in the case of the verb BE Whatever the subject (he, she, or it…), the verb form is "were", not "was”

 If the "if" clause comes first , a comma is usually used

If the "if" clause comes second , there is no need for a comma

Ex: I would have a trip to the Moon if I won the lottery.

If I had a million dollars , I would buy a big

house

If I saw a mouse on my bed , I would scream

and then faint

If you were an animal , which animal would

you be ?

Ex:

Usage: to talk about unreal or imaginary situations in the present or in the future

Form:

If clause

simple past verb *

Main clause

would + infinitive

Third

type 3)

NOTE: Both would and had can be contracted to 'd,

which can be confusing Remember that you

NEVER use would in the IF-clause, so in the

example above, “ If I'd known ” must be “ If I had

known ", and “ I'd have baked " must be "I would

have baked."

Ex: Would you have bought an elephant if you'd

known how much they eat?

Usage: to talk about unreal situations in the past, things

which DID NOT HAPPEN in the past

Form: If clause

would / could / might have + p.p

If I ’ d known it was his birthday , I ’d have baked

a cake for him

(Criticism: You didn’t bake a cake for him because you

didn't know that

was his birthday ) - If it ’ d snowed , we could have

gone( Regret: It didn't snow, so we couldn't skiing

go skiing )

→ It is impossible that the condition will be fulfilled as it refers to the

past.

Ex :

Exercise-pg103 textbook

1 If you believe in Santa Claus, “, the father said to

his little son, “he you tonight”

2 If our motorbike had not broken down, we

late for his party, and he

so upset like that.

3 Suppose someone born on Feb 29 th ,

how often will they hold their birthday party?

4 According to the regulations, if a holiday

on a weekend, we will have the next nearest

weekday as a day off.

5 Saint Giong into a giant and

admirable strength for the battle

against the enemy without the villagers’ seven

baskets of local eggplants and rice?

6 – She’s so popular in this neighborhood.

_ Right Without her blindness, we still

her.

will come and visit

wouldn’t have been wouldn’t have got

is

falls

(have ) gotten

7 –Unless you put up the tinsel, nobody

it a manger.

-Thanks

had brought, we _ a real party.

annoyed even if the children make noise.

bunch of mistletoe, they a lot of

children?

provided we all _ hard enough.

white as long as it mice.

will call

couldn’t have had

gets / will never get

will have work

catches

Tinsel (n) : kim tuyen Mistletoe (n) : cay tam gui

Manger (n) : mang an

Word Study: Genitive ‘s

Genitive is used to mark a noun as being the possessor

of another noun , similar to that expressed by "of"

 Genitive of origin; subjective genitive

Ex: -Beethoven's music

- Fred Astaire's dancing

- Confucius' teaching

 indicate the origin or source of the head noun of the phrase, rather than possession itself

 Objective genitive; classifying genitive

Ex:- the Hundred Years' War (->the war of a Hundred

Years )

- two weeks' notice (->notice of two weeks )

- a prisoner's release (->the release of the prisoner)

 specify, delimit, or describe the head noun The

paraphrase with ‘of’ is often un-idiomatic or

ambiguous with these genitives

 Genitive of purpose

Ex

Ex: - women's shoes

- children's literature

 identifies the purpose or intended

recipient of the head noun ‘Of ‘ cannot paraphrase them; they can be

idiomatically paraphrased with ‘for’:

shoes for women.

Ex

Ex: Dublin's fair city

 This is not a common usage The more usual expression is the fair city of Dublin.

Basic rules of thumb

- General rule: 's (John's suitcase, the children's

playground)

- Classical names in -s: ' (Jesus' suffering, Marx'

Kapital)

- Plurals in -s: ' (a boys' school, the girls' boyfriends)

• Singular:

-Add 's :

Ex:Mandy's brother John plays football.

My teacher's name is

• Plural:

-Add the apostrophe ' to regular plural forms:

Ex:The girls' room is very nice.

The Smiths' car is black.

-Add 's to irregular plural forms:

Ex:The children's books are over there.

Men's clothes are on the third floor.

-If there are multiple nouns, add an 's only to the last noun:

Ex: Peter and John's mother is a teacher.

4.the business of Anne and Francis

 Anne's and Francis' business  Anne and Francis's business  Anne's business and Francis's 5.the girlfriend of my brother-in-law

 my brother's-in-law girlfriend  my brother's-in-law's girlfriend

6.the future of our boys

 our boys' future  our boys's future

1.the coats of the ladies

the lady's coats

 the ladies' coats

 no genitive possible

2 the countries of Blair

and Chirac

 Blair's country and

Chirac's

 Blair and Chirac's

countries

 Blair and Chiracs

countries

3.the hobbies of the

women

 the woman's hobbies

 the women's hobbies

 the womens' hobbies

Match the words in column A with those in column B, then use ‘s to make appropriate phrases to complete the sentences The first one has been done for you as an

example.

A B

children clothes

mother day

a mile day

master books

Revolutionary Invalids &

men degree

heaven break

fifteen minutes distance

1 I’ve promised to buy my nephew some

if he passes the test

for a

?

have a _

struggles against foreign invaders, visits are paid

to the City’s Cemetery every year on

_

there

all you need to know.

department than in the women’s

children’s books

Master’s degree

Mother’s Day

Revolutionary Invalids &Martyr’ Day

fifteen minutes’ break

A mile’s distance heaven’s sake

men’s

Exercise/103