11advance U9-Language focus

Aim The uses of suffix –al Reduced relative clause II.. Objectives By the end of the lesson, Ss will be able to: - Form adjectives and nouns ending in –al and use them appropriately.. -

Trường PTTH Nguyễn Khuyến Giáo viên: Lê Thị Cẩm Tú

Subject: English – Grade: 11 Term: II – School year: 2007 – 2008

UNIT 9: NATURE IN DANGER

LANGUAGE FOCUS

I Aim

The uses of suffix –al

Reduced relative clause

II Objectives

By the end of the lesson, Ss will be able to:

- Form adjectives and nouns ending in –al and use them appropriately.

- Master the use of the reduced relative clauses and use them to join two sentences

III Materials

Textbook, whiteboard markers, …

IV Anticipated problems

Ss may not distinguish nouns with adjectives ending in –al.

V Procedure

7mins I Warm up:

Network Make a list of national parks in Vietnam

and around the world

- Have Ss work in groups

- Gather answers from groups and ask relevant questions about the national parks they listed

PERIOD 7

In Vietna m

Around the world

II Word Study:

PRESENTATION 1 Suffix –al Meaning: of, pertaining to

Use:

- Appending to different words, often nouns, to

make an adjective form Often added to words of

Latin origin, but used with other words also

Examples:

- environment – environmental

- crime – criminal

- Forming nouns, especially of verbal actions

Examples:

- deny – denial

- try – trial

- Give brief information about the

suffix –al.

Write A next to the adjectives and N next

to the nouns + Suggested answers:

1 refusal – N

2 educational – A

3 remedial – A

4 proposal – N

5 postal – A

6 rental – A, N

7 disposal – N

8 optional - A

- Have Ss work in pairs and write

A next to the adjectives and N next

to the nouns

- Note: Ss may get confused between the adjectives and nouns.

T can put them in the sentences so that Ss can be sure about their answers.

- Call on some Ss to read aloud their answers in front of the class

- Draw Ss’ attention to the stress of the words especially when they change from nouns to adjectives

- Give meanings of the adjectives and nouns and further explain if necessary

Choose the suitable nouns or adjectives to

fill in the blanks (textbook) + Suggested answers:

1 rental

2 postal

3 disposal

4 optional

5 remedial

- Ask Ss to Choose the suitable nouns or adjectives to fill in the blanks

- Tell Ss to read the sentences carefully and decide the parts of speech of the blanks before doing the exercise

- Check the exercise in front of the class as a whole

8mins III Grammar

PRESENTATION 2 Revision of reduced relative clauses

In English, relative clauses can be replaced by

to infinitive and participles.

1 Relatives clauses can be replaced by to

infinitive when:

- the nouns prior to relative pronouns go with

the first, the last, the only.

Example:

+ I was the last student who handed in the test

paper.

 I was the last student to hand in the test

paper.

- the verbs in the clauses indicate something

should be done, can be done or must be done

Example:

+ Do you have any paper which you can sell?

 Do you have any paper to sell?

2 Relative clauses can be replaced by present

participle phrases when the main verb in the

clause carries an active meaning

Example:

+ The girls who are standing at the school

gate are in grade 11A.

 The girls standing at the school gate are in

grade 11A

3 Relative clauses can be replaced by past

participial phrases when the main verb in the

clause carries a passive meaning

Example:

+ The cars which are made in Japan are the

best

 The cars made in Japan are the best

Ask and answer the questions, using the reduced form of the relative clauses – to

infinitive + Suggested answers:

1 Yes, I’m usually the first guest to come to

a party

2 Louis Armstrong was the first man to land on the Moon

3 Yes, It’s the most popular route to lead to the summit of Mt Everest

4 Yes, It’s one of the most beautiful caves

to have ever been discovered in Vietnam

5 I think the most common activity to harm the environment is (making a campfire)

- Have Ss work in pairs

- Call on some Ss to read their sentences aloud in front of the class

- Give feedback and correct answers

Rewrite the sentences, using the reduced form

of the relative clauses – present and past

participles + Suggested answers:

1 In the year to come, all the trees in this forest will disappear if nothing is done to protect them

2 They couldn’t find a way to help clean the polluted river

3 Animals born in zoos know nothing about

- Ask Ss to work independently

- Have Ss exchange their sentences and cross check

- Encourage Ss to discuss their answers with a friend because some sentences are tricky

- Check the exercise in front of the class a whole

- Give correct answers

life in the forests.

4 The governments of many countries are discussing methods to protect the

environment

5 During a boat tour along the canals, tourists can see the birds searching for food or the cranes flying in flocks

6 Are national parks good places to house wild animals?

7 There is nothing more for us to do about the fire

8 The noise coming from the boat engine might disturb sea animals

9 The next question for them to consider is how to clean up the garbage

10 The team, including about two dozen Sherpas, uses backpacks to carry the garbage to their base at the foot of Mt Everest