Kinh nghiệm và mẹo toeic CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

Ex: If it had not rained a lot, the rice crop wouldn’t have grown.. If there hadn't been lots of sunshine, the wheat wouldn’t have grown so fast.... Unless there had been lots of sunshin

Many things that look

attractive and valuable

actually have no value at all

Ex: The man learned that not all that glitters is gold when

he invested much money in

the stock market and lost

much of it.

All that glitters is not gold

CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

There are two parts to a conditional

sentence: the condition (if) and the

result There are also two types of

conditional sentences: real and unreal (contrary-to-fact).

REAL CONDITION RESULT

If you come before the meeting, we’ll have time to talk.

 Possible condition ( Present/future )

If + S + V (simple present), S + will/shall/can/may/might + V (infi.)

UNREAL CONDITION RESULT

If my windows were larger, I would get more light.

 Impossible condition ( Present/future )

If + S + V( Past simple ), S + would/should/could/might + V (infi.) (Were for all persons)

UNREAL CONDITION RESULT

If I had met you yesterday, I would have invited you to the cafe.

 Impossible condition ( Past )

STRATEGIES FOR CONDITIONAL

SENTENCE ITEMS

ASK YOURSELF THESE QUESTIONS:

the if clause in the simple present or present progressive form? Is the verb in the result in the present, future, or imperative form?

INCORRECT [If Gianni will be there, we’ll give him the message.

CORRECT If Gianni is there, we’ll give him

 Is it an unreal condition in the present using the

used?

INCORRECT [If she is the boss, she would hire him.]

CORRECT If she was/were the boss, she would hire him.

tense? If so, is the verb in the condition in the

present subjunctive form? Does the verb in the

form?

INCORRECT [If humans have two heads, they

couldn’t make decisions easily.]

CORRECT if humans had two heads, they couldn’t

1 If the student for

tomorrow’s exam, she’ll be more confident.

(A) prepares

(B) prepared

(C) prepare

(D) would prepare

Confident (adj.) feeling sure about your own ability to do things and

1 If the student for

tomorrow’s exam, she’ll be more confident.

(A) prepares

(B) prepared

(C) prepare

(D) would prepare

3 If you how to use the word processor, ask any one

Word processor (n) a

computer that runs a word processing program and is usually used for writing

letters, reports, etc

3 If you how to use the

word processor, ask any one of us.

(A) won’t understand

(B) don’t understand

(C) understood

(D) not understand

4 If you aren’t able to finish the letter now, it later.

(A) you could have done

(B) you have done

(C) you can do

(D) you will can do

4 If you aren’t able to finish the letter now, it later.

(A) you could have done

(B) you have done

(C) you can do

(D) you will can do

5 If I you, I would take

the job and then ask for more money.

(A) had been

(B) am

(C) were

(D) will be

5 If I you, I would take

the job and then ask for more money.

(A) had been

(B) am

(C) were

(D) will be

6 If you to cancel your

reservation, please do so eight hours before that date.

forty-(A) needed

(B) will need

(C) need

(D) had needed

Reservation (n) an

arrangement for a seat on a

plane or train, a room in a

hotel, etc to be kept for you:

I’ll call the restaurant and

make a reservation We have a reservation in the name of

6 If you to cancel your

reservation, please do so eight hours before that date.

forty-(A) needed

(B) will need

(C) need

(D) had needed

7 Their marriage wouldn’t be

so good if they so well

with each other.

(A) communicated

(B) didn’t communicate

(C) don’t communicate

(D) communicate

To communicate (with sb) to exchange information, news, ideas, etc with sb: We only

communicate by email They communicated in sign

language

7 Their marriage wouldn’t be

so good if they so well

with each other.

(A) communicated

(B) didn’t communicate

(C) don’t communicate

(D) communicate

8 If we don’t entertain our

out-of-town buyers, they such big orders.

(A) will place

(B) might not place

(C) would place

(D) wouldn’t place

To entertain (sb) (with sth) to interest and amuse sb in order

to please them: He entertained

us for hours with his stories

and jokes

8 If we don’t entertain our

out-of-town buyers, they such big orders.

(A) will place

(B) might not place

(C) would place

(D) wouldn’t place

9 Come to our next picnic if you the chance.

(A) have

(B) will have

(C) had

(D) don’t have

9 Come to our next picnic if you the chance.

(A) have

(B) will have

(C) had

(D) don’t have

10 If I didn’t think the gym was helping me feel better, I my membership.

(A) would be renewing

(B) wouldn’t be renewing

(C) will be renewing

(D) can’t renew

Gym (n) (also formal

Gymnasium) 1 a room or hall with equipment for doing

physical exercise, for example

in a school: To play basketball

in the gym

2 Health club: I just joined a

Membership (of sth) |

(NAmE) membership (in sth)

the state of being a member of

To renew to make sth valid for a further period of time:

to renew a licence/lease/

subscription/contract, etc

Ex: How do I go about renewing

my passport? I’d like to renew

these library books (= arrange to borrow them for a further period

10 If ii didn’t think the gym was helping me feel better, I my membership.

(A) would be renewing

(B) wouldn’t be renewing

(C) will be renewing

(D) can’t renew

EXERCISE 1

Put these statements

in unreal conditions.

1 She doesn’t watch food, and she burns it.

If she watched food, she would not burn it.

2 She doesn’t cook well, and her husband complains about it.

If she cooked well, her

husband would not complain about it.

3 They know each other very well and they are not happy.

If they didn’t know each other very well, they would be

happy.

4 I am a teacher and I get up early

If I weren’t a teacher, I would not get up early

5 He did not write to me, and

I did not write to him.

He had written to me, I would have written to him.

6 She did not boil her eggs

long enough and they were too soft.

If she had boiled her eggs long enough, they wouldn’t have

been too soft.

7 It does not rain and I go to school.

If it rained, I wouldn’t go to school.

8 I do not have a million and

I do not buy a new car.

8 If I had a million, I would buy a new car.

9 She did not put enough sugar in her coffee, and it tasted too bitter.

If she had put enough sugar in her coffee, it wouldn’t have

tasted too bitter.

10 I have a pole, so I can go fishing.

If I didn’t have a pole, I couldn’t go fishing.

11 I don’t have a bicycle; so I can’t go riding.

If I had a bicycle, I could go riding.

12 I had heavy shoes, so I could go hiking.

If I hadn’t had heavy shoes, I couldn’t have gone hiking.

Change the sentences with

“If” into sentences with

“unless’

Ex: If it had not rained a lot, the rice crop wouldn’t have

grown.

grown unless it had rained a

lot.

1 If there hadn't been lots of sunshine, the wheat wouldn’t have grown so fast.

1 Unless there had been lots

of sunshine, the wheat

wouldn’t have grown so fast.

2 If they hadn’t eaten lots of corn, the cattle wouldn’t have looked so fat.

2 Unless they had eaten lots

of corn, the cattle wouldn’t have looked so fat.

3 If the weather hadn’t been hot, the bananas wouldn’t

have spoiled.

3 Unless the weather had been hot, the bananas

wouldn’t have spoiled.

4 If the weather hadn’t been sunny, the bananas wouldn’t have ripened.

5 If the corn crop hadn’t been good, there wouldn’t have

been a festival.

5 Unless the corn crop had been good, there wouldn’t have been a festival.

THANK YOU!