44 California Standards Lesson 1 Determining Position.. 170 California Standards Lesson 1 Atoms—Basic Units of Matter.. 250 California Standards Lesson 1 Solids, Liquids, and Gases.. 3
Trang 1Introduction to Investigation
and Experimentation 2 9.a, 9.b, 9.c, 9.e, 9.f, 9.g
What is science? 2 9.b
Tools of the Physical Scientist 7 9.a, 9.b, 9.c, 9.e, 9.f, 9.g
Unit 1 Motion and Forces 42
Chapter 1
Motion 44
California Standards
Lesson 1 Determining Position 48 1.a
Lesson 2 Speed, Velocity, and Acceleration 56 1.b, 1.c, 1.d, 1.e, 9.b, 9.f
Lesson 3 Graphing Motion 64 1.f, 9.d, 9.e
Standards Assessment 82–83
Chapter 2
Forces 84
Lesson 1 Combining Forces 88 2.a, 2.b, 2.c, 9.g
Lesson 2 Types of Forces 96 2.d
Lesson 3 Unbalanced Forces and Acceleration 106 2.d, 2.e, 2.f, 9.a, 9.d
Standards Assessment 124–125
Chapter 3
Density and Buoyancy 126
Lesson 1 Density 130 8.a, 8.b, 9.f
Lesson 2 Pressure and the Buoyant Force 140 8.c
Lesson 3 Sinking and Floating 150 8.d, 9.f
Standards Assessment 164–165
Read on Your Own 166
Unit Test 167
Spiny box fish
Trang 2Unit 2 Structure of Matter 168
Chapter 4
Understanding the Atom 170
California Standards
Lesson 1 Atoms—Basic Units of Matter 174 3.a
Lesson 2 Discovering Parts of the Atom 182 3.a
Lesson 3 Elements, Isotopes, and Ions—How
Atoms Differ 195 3.f, 7.b, 9.e
Standards Assessment 212–213
Chapter 5
Combining Atoms and Molecules 214
Lesson 1 How Atoms Form Compounds 218 3.a, 3.b, 3.f
Lesson 2 Forming Solids 230 3.b, 3.c, 7.c, 9.a, 9.e
Standards Assessment 248–249
Atomic force micrograph of yttrium oxide molecules
Trang 3Chapter 6
States of Matter 250
California Standards
Lesson 1 Solids, Liquids, and Gases 254 3.d, 3.e
Lesson 2 Changes in States of Matter 261 3.d, 3.e, 9.e, 9.g
Standards Assessment 284–285
Chapter 7
The Periodic Table and Physical
Properties 286
Lesson 1 Organization of the Periodic Table 290 3.f, 7.a
Lesson 2 Isotopes and Radioactivity 301 7.a, 7.b, 9.e
Lesson 3 Physical Properties and Changes 313 5.d, 7.c, 9.a
Standards Assessment 328–329
Read on Your Own 330
Unit Test 331
Unit 3 Chemical Interactions 332
Chapter 8
Chemical Reactions 334
Lesson 1 Chemical Properties and Changes 338 3.f, 5.a, 7.c
Lesson 2 Chemical Equations 346 3.b, 3.f, 5.b
Lesson 3 Energy and Chemical Changes 358 5.c, 9.a, 9.e
Standards Assessment 374–375
Dry ice sublimating
Trang 4Chapter 9
Acids and Bases in Solution 376
California Standards
Lesson 1 Solutions 380 7.c, 9.e
Lesson 2 Acidic, Basic, and Neutral Solutions 394 5.e, 9.a, 9.b, 9.e
Standards Assessment 416–417
Chapter 10
Chemistry of Living Systems 418
Lesson 1 Chemistry of Life 422 6.b, 6.c
Lesson 2 Carbon Compounds 428 3.c, 6.a, 6.b
Lesson 3 Compounds of Life 438 6.c, 9.c
Standards Assessment 452–453
Read on Your Own 454
Unit Test 455
Unit 4 Earth in Space 456
Chapter 11
Our Solar System 458
Lesson 1 Structures of the Solar System 462 2.g, 4.c, 4.d, 4.e
Lesson 2 The Sun-Earth-Moon System 472 4.d
Lesson 3 The Planets and Their Moons 478 4.d, 4.e, 9.e
Lesson 4 Asteroids, Comets, and Meteoroids 489 4.c, 4.e, 9.a
Standards Assessment 502–503
The Sun
Trang 5Chapter 12
Stars and Galaxies 504
California Standards
Lesson 1 Stars 508 4.b, 4.c, 4.d
Lesson 2 How Stars Shine 519 2.g, 4.d
Lesson 3 Galaxies 528 4.a, 4.b, 4.c, 9.d
Standards Assessment 544–545
Read on Your Own 546
Unit Test 547
At-Home Standards Practice 548
Galaxy NGC 3310 as viewed through the Hubble telescope.
Trang 6Student Resources 570
Science Safety Skill Handbook 572
Technology Skill Handbook 575
Math Skill Handbook Math Review 579
Science Applications 589
Reference Handbook Using a Calculator 594
Understanding Scientific Terms 595
Science Reference Guide 597
Physical Science Reference Tables 598
Periodic Table of the Elements 600
English/Spanish Glossary 602
Index 614
Credits 624
The Japanese bullet train can travel at speeds up to 260 km/h.
Trang 7BrainPOP Movies
Acceleration 1-2
Newton’s Laws of Motion 2-1
Atomic Model 4-2
Isotopes 4-3
Matter Changing State 6-1
States of Matter 6-2
Property Changes 8-1
Acids and Bases 9-2
Tides 11-2
Solar System 11-3
xiii
To view BrainPOP Movies go to ca8.msscience.com The features listed here
correlate to their respective chapter’s science content.
Trang 8Page
Science &
Career
Science &
Technology
Science &
History
Science & Society 1
76–77
Automobile Designer GPS Shows the Way Galileo and Scientific
Theories
Henry Ford and the Assembly Line
2
118–119
Rocket Scientist Hi-Tech Roller
Coasters
Isaac Newton:
Bestselling Author?
What keeps a bridge from falling down?
3
158–159
Can ice cubes sink in water?
4
206–207
Chien-Shiung Wu Nuclear Power Three Mile Island
Accident
Dropping the Atomic Bomb
5
242–243
CFCs and the Ozone Layer
Sweeter Than Sugar Discovering DNA’s
Structure
The Human Genome Project
6
278–279
New and Improved World Record Holder Statistical Matters A Cool Way To Go
7
322–323
The Chemistry of Color
Superconductors Uses of Lead in
History
Fluoridation of Drinking Water
8
368–369
Hazardous Materials Specialist
Green Chemistry at Work
Soft Drinks, Erasers, and More
The Nose Knows
9
410–411
Yuan T Lee Acid Rain Prevention Gilbert N Lewis Acetylsalicylic Acid
10
446–447
Something in the Air
by that?
Labeling Trans Fat
11
496–497
Designing the New Generation of Spacecraft
The Search for Extra-Solar Planets
Johannes Kepler’s Revolutionary Laws
Deadly Impact
12
538–539
Stephen Hawking: An Extraordinary Mind
Adaptive Optics Kepler’s Supernova Watching the Heat
The features listed here correlate to their respective chapter’s science content.
Trang 9Chapter 3 A Homemade Hydrometer 156–157 8.d, 9.f
Chapter 5 Growing Crystals 240–241 3.c, 9.a
Chapter 6 Does change of state take longer for
some liquids? 276–277 9.e
Chapter 7 Investigating Physical Changes 320–321 7.c, 9.a
Chapter 10 Polarity and Living Systems 444–445 6.c, 9.c
Chapter 11 Model the Solar System 494–495 4.c, 9.a
Design Your Own Labs
Chapter 1 Graphing Motion 74–75 1.f, 9.e
Chapter 2 Comparing Mass and Weight 116–117 2.d, 9.a, 9.d
Chapter 4 Build an Atom 204–205 3.a
Chapter 8 Dirty Jewelry 366–367 5.a, 9.a
Chapter 9 Solubility and pH 408–409 5.e, 9.a, 9.e
Chapter 12 A Star is Born 536–537 4.b, 4.d
xv
Trang 10California Standards Chapter 1 How do you get there from here? 45 1.a, 9.b
Chapter 2 Can you feel the force? 85 2.c
Chapter 3 Can you push the beach ball under water? 127 8.c
Chapter 4 What’s in the box? 171 3.a
Chapter 5 What do structures made of atoms look like? 215 3.b
Chapter 6 Model for Particle Movement 251 3.e
Chapter 7 Which element are you? 287 3.f
Chapter 8 Can you see a chemical reaction taking place? 335 5.a
Chapter 9 Where’s that bubble? 377 5.e
Chapter 10 What is a life chemical? 419 6.b
Chapter 11 How do you measure distance? 459 9.b
Chapter 12 How far away are the stars and how many
are there? 505 2.g, 4.a, 4.b, 4.c
California Standards Chapter 1 Negative Positions 49 1.a
Can you measure average speed? 63 1.b, 9.b
Chapter 2 Can you measure the force of friction? 105 2.a, 2.d
Does water exert a force? 110 2.e
Chapter 3 Can you feel the buoyant force? 149 8.c
Do cold things float? 155 8.d
Chapter 4 How big are the particles in an atom? 181 3.a
How do electrons move? 186 3.a
Chapter 5 How can you model molecules? 229 3.b
Chapter 6 Observing Fluid Motion 255 3.e
Sensing Evaporation 268 3.e
Chapter 7 Can you guess the element? 300 3.f
Which parachute will drop first? 319 7.c, 9.a
Chapter 8 How can you tell a chemical change
from a physical change? 345 5.a
Can you model the burning of methane? 357 3.b, 5.b
Trang 11This lab might be performed at home.
Chapter 9 How can you determine pH? 406 5.e, 9.b
Chapter 10 How much water is in celery? 425 6.c
Modeling Organic Compounds 434 6.a
Chapter 11 How do planets move? 464 4.d
How does the Moon change its shape
in the sky? 477 4.d
How do craters appear? 492 4.e
California Standards Chapter 1 How can a graph show relative positions? 55 1.a
What can you learn from a graph? 73 1.f, 9.d
Chapter 2 Can you add vertical forces? 95 2.c, 9.g
Chapter 3 Can you calculate the density? 139 8.b, 9.f
Chapter 4 How do atoms differ? 203 3.a, 3.f, 9.e
Chapter 5 How are ionic radii and lattice energies of
salts related? 239 3.b, 9.e
Chapter 6 How are boiling point and atmospheric
pressure related? 274 3.d, 9.g
Chapter 7 How can you show a visual explanation of
half-life? 312 7.b, 9.e
Chapter 8 Where does the tablet go? 348 5.b
How does temperature change as
chemicals react? 364 5.c, 9.e
Chapter 9 How do solubilities differ? 393 7.c, 9.e
Chapter 10 Which fat is healthy for you? 443 6.c, 9.e
Chapter 11 How large are the planets? 485 4.e, 9.e
Chapter 12 Can you identify elements in a star? 517 4.d
How fast is the universe expanding? 535 4.c
xvii
Trang 12Get Ready to Read
Chapter 1 Preview 46
Chapter 2 Identify the Main Idea 86
Chapter 3 New Vocabulary 128
Chapter 4 Monitor 172
Chapter 5 Visualize 216
Chapter 6 Questioning 252
Chapter 7 Make Predictions 288
Chapter 8 Identify Cause and Effect 336
Chapter 9 Make Connections 378
Chapter 10 Summarize 420
Chapter 11 Compare and Contrast 460
Chapter 12 Make Inferences 506
Target Your Reading Chapter 1 47
Chapter 2 87
Chapter 3 129
Chapter 4 173
Chapter 5 217
Chapter 6 253
Chapter 7 289
Chapter 8 337
Chapter 9 379
Chapter 10 421
Chapter 11 461
Chapter 12 507
Applying Math Chapter 1 Using the Speed Equation to Find Distance and Time 62
Chapter 2 Finding Force and Acceleration 115
Chapter 3 Solve for Volume 135
Using the Density Equation to Find Mass and Volume 138
Solve for Pressure 142
Chapter 4 Mass of Subatomic Particles 180
Chapter 5 Formula Units 238
Chapter 6 Packing Efficiency 275
Chapter 7 Isotope Half-Life Conversions 311
Chapter 8 Calculate Change in Heat of a Reaction 365
Chapter 9 Comparing pH Values 407
Chapter 10 Bond Angles in Organic Chemistry 437
Chapter 11 Parts of an Elliptical Orbit 471
Chapter 12 Brightness of Stars 518
The California Science, Math and Language Arts correlations for these features can be found on the referenced page.