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Tiêu đề Scientists and inventions
Tác giả Phạm Thị Nh Nguyệt
Trường học Cao Loc High School
Chuyên ngành English
Thể loại Giáo án
Năm xuất bản 2007
Thành phố Cao Loc
Định dạng
Số trang 99
Dung lượng 756,5 KB

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IV, Teaching aids - Reference book - Handout V, Procedure I, Situation and practices 1 -Introduction about the contend of Para 1 * Reading -Ask students read the text and underline new w

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Lesson 8 (8 periods)

(From 52 nd to 59 th period)

I, Contend

1, Topic: Scientists and inventions

2 Structure: Grammar: -Non-defining relative pronoun: Who and Whose

3, Lexical items:

 Fields of science: biology, mathematics, etc

 Scientists: biologist, mathematician, physicist, etc

 Scientific work and activities: invent, discover, experiment, etc

II, Division

Period 1: Situation and practice 1

Period 2: Use of language 1 (Exercise 1 + 2)

Period 3: Situation and practice 2

Period 4: Use of language 2 (Exercise 3 + 4)

Period 5: Use of language 3 (Exercise 5 + 6)

Period 6: Reading practice

Period 7: Reading practice (cont) + (Understanding Ideas)

Period 8: Reading practice: Applying Ideas + Words and Phrases

III, Exercise

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I, Situations and Practice 1

I, Aims and Objectives:

- Reading the first paragraph and make, answer related questions.

II, Language content

Topic: Famous people

Language: Understand the biographies of Michael Faraday

III, Teaching method: Presentation, mainly communicative, work in pair, group.

IV, Teaching aids

- Reference book

- Handout

V, Procedure

I, Situation and practices 1

-Introduction about the contend of Para 1

* Reading

-Ask students read the text and underline

new words and phrases

-Read ask explaining the new words and

phrases:

-Read the text and ask students read

again

-Call 2-3 students read the text

(correct the pronunciation)

-Divide class into 4 groups and do the

-Listen and read

-Read the text-Work in groupAnswer:

1 Who was M.Faraday?

2 Was he born in a poor or rich family?

3 Why did he have to work very hard?

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questions -Call representative of each group

answer

-Give comment

-Extra exercise

* Consolidation

-Prepare Use of language (E1+2) at home

*Comment

………

………

4 Who was H.Davy? -Answer -Listen -Do extra exercise - Listen and write down Extra exercise I, Read the passage: Michael Faraday, the great English physicist, was born in 1791 in London His family was very poor and he didn’t learn much When he was fourteen, he worked in a bookshop where he had a good chance to read books He used to go to some talks about science One day Michael went to a talk by Humphry Davy, England’s greatest scientist of the time He liked his talk very much, and a few months later he became Davy’s laboratory assistant Like Davy, he became interested in electricity He spent a lot of time studying it and at last he saw that electricity could be made by a machine He died in 1867 Make questions and answer: 1 Where/ when/ Michael Faraday/ born?

2 He/ learn/ much?

3 What/ do/ fourteen?

4 Who/ become/ a few months later?

5 How/ electricity/ made?

6 When/ he/ die?

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Unit 8 (2nd period)

II, Use of language (Exercise 1 + 2)

I, Aims and Objectives:

- Know how to use relative clause with Who and Whose to do Exercise 1 and 2

II, Language content

- Grammar: Relative clause with WHOSE

III, Teaching method: Presentation, mainly communicative, work in pair, group.

IV, Teaching aids

- Reference book

- Handout

V, Procedure

II, Use of language

New words and phrases:

- Read and as students to read after

Grammar: Relative clause with WHOSE

Examples:

-Pay attention-Write down

-Listen and read after-Pay attention

-Listen and write down

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1 Mary was a French physicist His father

was polish

 Mary Curie, whose father was Polish, was

a French physicist

2 I met some people Their coats were grey.

 I met some people, whose coats were

grey

- Ask students to analyze then give comment

Exercise 1: Combine sentences using relative

pronoun WHOSE

- As students to do this exercise

-Call each student for each sentence

-Comment

Exercise 2: Rewrite the following sentences,

using WHOSE MADE HIM/HER FAMOUS.

- Ask students to read the example then do

these sentences below

- (teacher guides)

- As students to do this exercise

-Analyze

-Whose replaces for their and his

-Whose replaces for precede noun (people), stands before another noun to indicate possession of this noun, and acts

as object for relative clause

-Do this exercise Answer:

2 Isaac Newton, whose theory of gravitation is well-known, was an English physicist.

3 Lomonosov, whose literary works are important , was a Russian writer.

4 M.Faraday, Whose father , was an English physicist.

5 J.Watt, whose invention of the steam , was a Scottish scientist.

6 Engels, whose ideas , was a German philosopher.

7 Napoleon Bonaparte, whose final battle , was a French workers.

-Do exercise-Listen and write down

-Do this exercise Answer:

2 J.Watt, whose invention of the steam engine made him famous, was a Scottish inventor.

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-Call each student for each sentence.

4 Darwin, whose study of theory of evolution made him famous, was

an English biologist.

5 Einstein, whose study of the theory

of relativity made him famous, was

a German physicist.

6 Ivan Pavlov, whose work on digestion made him famous, was a Russian scientist.

- Read the answer

- Listen and repeat

-Listen and write down

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I, Situations and Practice 2

I, Aims and Objectives:

- Reading the second paragraph and make, answer related questions

II, Language content

Topic: Famous people

 Language: Understand the biographies of Famous people

III, Teaching method: Presentation, mainly communicative, work in pair, group.

IV, Teaching aids

-Introduction about the contend of Para 2

I, Situations and practice 2

* Reading

-Ask students read the text and underline

new words and phrases

-Read ask explaining the new words and

phrases:

- Read the new words

-Read the text and ask students read

again

-Call 2-3 students read the text

(correct the pronunciation)

-Divide class into 4 groups and do the

1 Who was Darwin?

2 Was Napoleon French or English?

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3 Where was Waterloo?

4 Who wrote Jane Eyre?

5 Who was M.Thatcher?

-Answer-Listen

- Listen and write down

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Unit 8 (4th period) Use of language (Exercise 3)

I, Aims and Objectives:

- Know how to make a small conversation based on exercise 2.

II, Language content

-Relative clause with WHOSE

III, Teaching method: Presentation, mainly communicative, work in pair, group.

IV, Teaching aids

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physicist whose discovery of

radium is famous throughout the

world?

- Ask students to look at the 5

pictures on page 60 and based

on exercise 2, model then do this

exercise.

- Ask students to work in pair

then make a conversation about

-Prepare Use of language (E 6) +

III, Reading practice at home.

B) A: Do you know Newton was?

B: Yes, he was an English physicist whose invention of waterclock is very well-known.

C) A: Do you know L.Paster was?

B: Yes, he is a French scientist whose discovery of a cure for rabies is very well-known.

* A: Do you know Ivan Pavlov was?

B: Yes, he was a Russian scientist whose work on digestion is very well- known.

D) A: Do you know W.Shakespeare was? B: Yes, he was an American playwright whose works are very well-known.

E) A: Do you know Napoleon is?

B: Yes, he was a French Emperor whose final battle was in Waterloo.

- Practice

- Listen

- Listen and write down

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Unit 8 (5th period) Use of language (Exercise 4+5)

I, Aims and Objectives:

- Review WHO, WHERE and WHOSE

- Study vocabulary on subject (fields) and noun of Jobs

II, Language content

-Who, whose, where

III, Teaching method: Presentation, mainly communicative, work in pair, group.

IV, Teaching aids

- Reference book

- Handout

Tim

II, Use of language

A person who writes books is a writer.

- Ask student to do the same with

these cues below:

1 A person who is a

2 A place where is a

3 A person whose is a

-Pay attention -Write down

-Do exercise 4 Answer:

1 A person who writes books is a writer.

2 A place where experiments are done is a laboratory.

3 A physicist is a person whose interest is in physics.

4 A place where you were born is a birth place.

5 A person whose name is well-know

is a famous person.

6 A biologist is a person who studies biology/ whose interest is in biology.

7 A classroom is a place where you have lessons ( A place where you have lessons is in a classroom)

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-Call each for each sentence.

-Comment

Exercise 5: Forming word

- Ask students to work in pairs and

find out nouns indicating job.

EX: Q: What do you call a man whose

interest is in physics?

A: It’s physicist.

-Call each student for each sentence

-Comment and correct

10 A battle is a place where soldiers fight.

- Answer

- Listen -Pay attention -Work in pairs and find out -Answer:

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II, Language content

Introduce the biography of Isaac Newton

III, Teaching method: Presentation, mainly communicative, work in pair, group.

IV, Teaching aids

- Reference book

- Handout, Subordinate board.

V, Procedure

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-New words and phrases

-Read and ask student to read follow

-Give handout to improve vocabulary on this text

(Handout)

-Read and students read after once or twice

-Ask student read each paragraph

-Comment

III, Consolidation and Home work:

Prepare understanding ideas at home.

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III, Reading practice 2 (Understanding Ideas)

I, Objectives:

-Know the content of the text: Isaac Newton

-Reading practice, understanding the ideas of the text (answers questions)

II, Language content

Introduce the biography of Isaac Newton

III, Teaching method: Presentation, mainly communicative, work in pair, group.

IV, Teaching aids

- Reference book

- Handout, Subordinate board.

V, Procedure

III, Reading practice:

Understanding Ideas

Exercise 6: State whether the following

statements are True or False according to

the information given in the passage.

-Ask students read the text again then

answer the questions

-Call each student for each answer:

-Comment

Exercise 7: There are 4 paragraphs in the

reading passage Which paragraph is

about:

-Ask students read the text again then

answer the 3 questions

-Call each student to give the answer

6 T ending- line para 2)

7 T (line 1, ending- line)

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- Comment

III, Consolidation and Home work:

Prepare Applying ideas at home.

*Comment

………

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Unit 8 (8th period) III, Reading practice 3 (Applying Ideas) I, Objectives:

-Know how to write about Isaac Newton

II, Language content

The biography of Isaac Newton

III, Teaching method: Presentation, mainly communicative, work in pair, group.

IV, Teaching aids

- Reference book

- Handout, Subordinate board.

V, Procedure

III, Reading practice:

Applying Ideas

Exercise 8: Use the following notes to

write and talk about Isaac Newton.

- Ask students to read the notes carefully

before doing this exercise.

- Call 1-2 students to read the passage.

-Comment.

-Pay attention

-Read carefully and do this exercise Answer:

Isaac Newton was born on December 25 1642 in Lincolnshire on England In 1665, he was brought home from school to work on the farm In 1661, he entered Cambridge University and finished his schooling in 1665 As the school was closed from

1885 to 1667, he went on with his studies at home.

He went back to Cambridge and became a professor in 1667 He died on March 20, 1727 when he was 85.

- Read aloud

- Listen

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- Extra exercise

-Call each student for each answer:

-Comment

III, Consolidation and Home work:

Prepare situation I (Unit 9 at home)

6 A e volution B relativity C e ngine D invention

9 A th eory B th roughout C th ink D th erefore

II, Make question for underlined part:

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III, Multiple choice

1 The of the computer has changed the way people exchange and process information.

2 The telephone was by Graham Bell.

3 The science of numbers and shapes (h×nh d¹ng) is called .

4 A person who studies mathematics is a .

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A School B Schooling C Scholar D Schooled

6 Most of the experiments are carried out in .

7 When ., Newton already showed his talents in Sciences.

8 John’s father worked very ., but he earned enough to feed his family.

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Lesson 9 (8 periods)

(From 60 nd to 67 th period)

I, Contend

1, Topic: The Planets

2 Structure: Grammar: - Conditional sentence type I with If and Unless

- Revision of relative clause with Which

3, Lexical items:

 Planets: Earth, Sun, Pluto, etc

 Words related to energies: solar energy, source of energy, etc

II, Division

Period 1: Situation and practice 1

Period 2: Use of language 1 (Exercise 1 + 2)

Period 3: Situation and practice 2

Period 4: Use of language 2 (Exercise 3 + 4)

Period 5: Use of language 3 (Exercise 5) + Extra exercise

Period 6: Reading practice (Vocabulary + reading)

Period 7: Reading practice (cont) + (Understanding Ideas Exercise 6 + 7)

Period 8: Reading practice: Applying Ideas (Exercise 8 + 9)+ Words and Phrases

III, Exercise

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I, Situations and Practice 1

I, Aims and Objectives:

- Reading the first paragraph and make, answer related questions.

II, Language content

Topic: Gravity

Language: Understand the Gravity

III, Teaching method: Presentation, mainly communicative, work in pair, group.

IV, Teaching aids

- Reference book

- Handout

V, Procedure

I, Situation and practices 1

-Introduction about the contend of Para 1

* Reading

-Ask students read the text and underline

new words and phrases

-Read ask explaining the new words and

phrases:

-Read the text and ask students read

again

-Call 2-3 students read the text

(correct the pronunciation)

-Divide class into 4 groups and do the

-Listen and read

-Read the text-Work in group

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─ Make questions

─ Answer these questions-Call representative of each group

-Do extra exercise

- Listen and write down

Extra exercise

Are we alone in the universe?

Or is there life on the other planet? Do creatures from space visit the Earth? Many peoplebelieve that they do Anna Clarke is one of those people This is her story

It happened on 21 November 1990 Anna Clarke suddenly woke up It was 3.15 a.m Shecould see a bright light outside She got up, walked to the window, and looked out There was

a strange object like a huge wheel above the garden At the centre of the wheel there was abright white light The light started to move closer Anna wanted to run away, but shecouldn't move Then she heard a voice inside her head It said:" Don't worry Follow the light".The light pulled her downstairs and through the front door When she was outside, the lightpulled her up into the wheel

Three small brown creatures appeared They were naked Their arms and legs were thinnerthan a person's On each hand there were only three fingers and no thumb Their heads werelarge with a small nose and mouth, and they had huge, black eyes The creature took Anna to

a larger room and put her on a kind of table

1 When did this story happen?

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5.What were they like?

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II, Use of language (Exercise 1 + 2)

I, Aims and Objectives:

- Know how to use Conditional sentence type I

II, Language content

- Grammar: Conditional sentence type I

III, Teaching method: Presentation, mainly communicative, work in pair, group.

IV, Teaching aids

- Reference book

- Handout

V, Procedure

II, Use of language

New words and phrases:

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- Species of plant and animals

- Sunlight (n)

- Read and as students to read after

Grammar: Conditional type I

- Call 1 student to retell the Conditional

sentence type I

- Comment and repeat

Examples:

- If it rains tomorrow, I’ll stay at home.

- I’ll go out with you if my mother

comes back soon.

Exercise 1: Say what will happen if

- Give one example and ask students to do

Exercise 2: Look at these paper headlines

and say What our life will be like if that

happens:

- Ask students to give the consequence of

these things:

All our sources of energy will end soon

 Our life will soon be destroyed

 We have no gases to cook, no electricity to

- Main clause, If clause

- Or If clause Main clause

- Main clause: The future simple tense

- If clause: The present simple tense-Listen and write down

- Listen

- Do exerciseAnswer:

2 If the air surrounding our earth becomes thinner, the temperature will rise up.

3 If a bowl of water is placed in the sun, it will evaporate.

4 If an object is let off in the cabin of

a spaceship, it will float.

5 If the ice on the poles begins to melt, the sea level will rise.

- Answer

- Listen and write down

- Pay attention

-Listen and write down

-Do this exercise

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-Ask students to read the example then do

these sentences below

- (teacher guides)

-As students to do this exercise

-Call each student for each sentence

3 We’ll have more sunlight.

4 Some species of plans and animals will die.

5 The food price will increase.

-Do exercise-Listen and write down

-Listen and write down

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I, Situations and Practice 2

I, Aims and Objectives:

- Reading the second paragraph and make, answer related questions.

II, Language content

Topic: Sources of energy

Language: Understand the Sources of energy

III, Teaching method: Presentation, mainly communicative, work in pair, group.

IV, Teaching aids

- Reference book

- Handout

V, Procedure

I, Situation and practices 2

-Introduction about the contend of Para 2

* Reading

-Ask students read the text and underline

new words and phrases

-Read ask explaining the new words and

phrases:

-Read the text and ask students read

again

-Call 2-3 students read the text

(correct the pronunciation)

-Divide class into 4 groups and do the

task:

─ Make questions

─ Answer these questions

-Listen and read

-Read the text-Work in groupAnswer:

1 What will happen if our present sources of energy end?

2 What will our main source of energy

be in the future?

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-Call representative of each group

-Do extra exercise

- Listen and write down

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II, Use of language (Exercise 3-4)

I, Aims and Objectives:

- Reading the second paragraph and make, answer related questions.

II, Language content

Topic: Sources of energy

Language: Understand the Sources of energy

III, Teaching method: Presentation, mainly communicative, work in pair, group.

IV, Teaching aids

- Reference book

- Handout

V, Procedure

II, Use of language

Exercise 3:

Grammar: Unless

- Give some examples:

1. If it rains tomorrow, I will go

swimming

Unless it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I will

2. If I have enough money, I will buy

that book

Unless I haven’t enough money, I

- Pay attention

- Write down

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- Ask students to do exercise 3

- Call each student for each sentence

1 Our sources of energy will soon end unless other sources are found.

2 Life on earth will be destroyed unless nuclear tests stop.

3 Men will continue to live on food unless other types of protein are found.

4 World population will continue to rise

if we try to reduce it.

5 All our beautiful forests will be destroyed unless we do something to preserve them.

- Answer

- Listen and write down

- Pay attention

- Do exercise 4Answer:

1 We won’t have enough food/ The famine will occur unless food production continues to increase.

2 It will be drought unless it rains.

3 We won’t float/ everything will be attracted towards the earth unless gravity is zero.

4 We will be shortage of energy/ Our present sources of energy will soon end unless solar energy is widely used.

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- Share the answers with others

- Call each student for each sentence

- Comment, correct

* Consolidation

-Prepare Use of language (E5) , III,

Reading Practice (Vocabulary) at home

6 Unless the storms stop occurring, our crops will be ruined.

- Share the answer

- Answer

- Listen and write down

- Listen and write down

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II, Use of language (Exercise 5), III, Reading Practice (Vocab)

I, Aims and Objectives:

- Do exercise 5, Understand vocabulary in reading practice

II, Language content

Topic: Mercury

III, Teaching method: Presentation, mainly communicative, work in pair, group.

IV, Teaching aids

- Reference book

- Handout

V, Procedure

II, Use of language

Exercise 5:

Grammar: Forming adj

- Give some examples:

A journey which takes places everyday

- Pay attention

- Write down

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- Ask students to do exercise 5

- Call each student for each sentence

- Comment, correct

III, Reading Practice

1, Vocabulary

- Read firstly and ask students to

underline new words and phrases

-Prepare III, Reading Practice (Read) ,

Understanding Ideas (exercise 6)at home

1 A daily paper

2 A monthly meeting

3 A weekly journey

4 A lighted side of the planet

5 A fixed end of the rope.

- Answer

- Listen and write down

- Pay attention

- Listen and underline the new words

- Read and make sentence

- Read aloud

- Listen

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III, Reading Practice (Read) + Understanding Ideas (Exercise 6)

I, Aims and Objectives:

- Be able to read the passage

- Be able to understand the contend and do E6

II, Language content

Topic: Mercury

III, Teaching method: Presentation, mainly communicative, work in pair, group.

IV, Teaching aids

- Reference book

- Handout

V, Procedure

II, Reading Practice

- Ask students read the text

- Call each student for each para

- Correct pronunciation mistakes

Understanding Ideas Exercise 6: True or False

- Ask students to read the test again

and do the exercise 6

- Read and decide whether the statement

- Read the test

- Read each para

- Listen and Write down

- Listen and write down

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Understanding Ideas (Exercise 7)

I, Aims and Objectives:

- Be able to understand the contend and do E7

II, Language content

Topic: Mercury

III, Teaching method: Presentation, mainly communicative, work in pair, group.

IV, Teaching aids

- Ask students to read the test again

and do the exercise 7

- Choose the best answer based on the

text

- Call each student for each sentence

- Comment, correct

* Extra Exercise

- Ask students to work in pair and the EE

- Call each students for each answer

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Understanding Ideas (Exercise 8 + 9)

I, Aims and Objectives:

- Bea able to apply the first conditional sentence type 1 to do E8 + E9

II, Language content

Topic: Solar system

III, Teaching method: Presentation, mainly communicative, work in pair, group.

IV, Teaching aids

Exercise 8: Name some of the things

that will happen when gravity is

zero.

- Give one example:

If gravity is zero, everything will float

- Ask student use conditional sentence

type 1 to write some of the things that will

happen when gravity is zero

- Call some students to answer

- Comment, correct

* Extra Exercise

- Ask students to work in pair and the EE

- Call each students for each answer

- Comment

- Pay attention

- Write down

Make sentences:

If gravity is zero, man can’t stand

If gravity is zero, our lives will be destroyed

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- Listen and write down

Extra exercise Unit 9

I, Pronunciation

II, Multiple choices

1 A newspaper which is published every day is called newspaper.

2 The air the earth is becoming thinner.

3 energy is the energy that we get from the sun.

4 The sun, the moon, the Earth, and Mars are examples of

5 The sun is our main of energy.

6 we find out new sources, we will soon run out of energy.

7 All of our rain forests unless we find some ways to stop people from cutting down trees.

A Will be destroyed B Will destroy C Are destroy D Destroy

8 We don’t try to limit the world’s population, there won’t be enough space to live.

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A When B If C Unless D While

9 If the earth stops around the sun, there will be no light on earth.

10 The sun is many times the earth.

11 Mercury is perhaps the coldest the hottest planet in the solar system.

12 It is on the poles.

A Extremely cold B Extreme cold C Cold extremely D Cold extreme

13 The sun is when seen from Mercury than when seen form the earth.

A More much brilliant

B Much more brilliant

C Much brilliant more

D Much brilliant

14 Unless we throwing garbage into the river, it will be polluted.

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III, Find ONE ERROR

1 When an object lets off, it falls towards the ground because of the earth’s gravity.

Ngµy d¹y:TiÕt /12A8 ngµy /03/07 TiÕt /12A5 ngµy /03/07

Grammar + Exercise 1- 2

I, Aims and Objectives:

- Revise Relative pronouns: Who, Which, Whose, That, Where

- Conditional sentence type I

- Be able to do Exercise 1-2

II, Language content

- Lexical items: Scientist, natural science

III, Teaching method: Presentation, mainly communicative, work in pair, group.

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IV, Teaching aids

- Ask students to retell Relative pronoun:

Who, Whose, Which, That, Where, When

- Ask students to give examples of each

- Comment and retell all of relative

pronouns above

(See complement below)

2 Conditional sentence type I

- Ask student to retell conditional

sentence type I

- Ask student to give examples about CS I

- Comment and retell

II, Exercise

1 Exercise 1: Read about 3 sentences

first and guess the contend Use suitable

words to fill in.

- Ask students to work in pairs Sharing

the ideas

- Call each students to fill in

- Comment, correct

2 Exercise 2: Read the passage and do

the task below

- Ask students to read the passage first,

focus on the necessary contend

- Ask student to compare the ideas

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- Call each students for each answer

- Comment, correct

* Consolidation

- Revise all grammatical points

- Do all exercises remain at home

- The first pare is about radio

- The fourth para is about Marconi’s background

2 Your favourite game

It all began nearly a hundred years ago.His mother was a Scot

Hw was a quite boy who spoke little but thought a lot

He liked nothing than to sit and read sciencebooks

- Answer:

- Listen and write down

- Listen and write down

Complement

1 Đại từ liên hệ trong tiếng Anh:

Các đại từ liên hệ trong tiếng Anh như which, who, that là những đại từ dùng để nối câu phụ với thành

phần của câu chính mà chúng bổ nghĩa để tạo thành câu phức hợp.

a. Which là đại từ liên hệ bổ nghĩa cho danh từ chỉ vật hoặc sự việc.

 The peace which Oxford once knew has been swept away

(Sự yên tĩnh mà người dân Oxford từng có được đang dần biến mất).

 The streets are crowded with a population which has no interest in learn

(Đường phố thì chật người nên chẳng có gì đáng thú vị để khám phá cả).

b. That là đại từ liên hệ bổ nghĩa cho danh từ chỉ người, vật hoặc sự việc.

 It’s the assimilation of borrowings that has made English international

(Chính việc đồng hóa các từ mượn đã khiến Anh ngữ mang tính chất quốc tế).

làm chủ ngữ và tân ngữ Whom bổ nghĩa cho danh từ làm tân ngữ ở mệnh đề phụ

 James Watt was a Scottish scientist who invented the steam engine

(James Watt, một nhà khoa học người Xcốtlen đã phát minh ra máy hơi nước).

 The man whom answered the phone was rather rude.

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(Người đàn ông trả lời điện thoại khá là thô lỗ).

d. Whose là đại từ liên hệ sở hữu thường dùng sau danh từ chỉ người.

 James Watt, whose invention of steam engine is famous throughout the world, was a Scottish scientist

(James Watt, người có phát minh về động cơ hơi nước nổi tiếng khắp thế giới, là một nhà khoa học người Xcốtlen.

2 Mệnh đề liên hệ xác định và không xác định: ( talking scursorily)

a Mệnh đề liên hệ xác định:

- Thông tin được đưa ra trong mệnh đề liên hệ xác định giúp ta hiểu được nghĩa của câu.

Thí dụ:

 The woman who lives in apartment No 34 has been arrested

(Người đàn bà sống trong căn hộ số 34 đã bị bắt)

- Mệnh đề liên hệ xác định có chức năng định nghĩa chủ thể, vật, sự việc Nếu không có thông tin này ta

sẽ không biết được ai, sự việc nào được nói tới trong câu

Thí dụ:

 The house is being renovated

(Ngôi nhà đó đang được tu sửa)

Trong ví dụ trên nghĩa của câu đã khá rõ ràng do đó ta không cần sử dụng đại từ quan hệ.

b Mệnh đề liên hệ không xác định:

- Thông tin được đưa ra trong mệnh đề liên hệ không xác định chỉ nhằm tăng thêm tính biểu cảm, sự thú

vị cho câu nói nhưng nếu không có thông tin này ta vẫn hiểu được nghĩa của câu

Thí dụ:

 Mrs Jackson, who is very intelligent, lives on the corner

(Jack, một người rất thông minh, sống ở cuối phố)

Lưu ý:

Nếu mệnh đề liên hệ không xác định đứng ở giữa câu, dấu phẩy sẽ được đặt phía trước đại từ quan hệ và cuối mệnh đề Nếu mệnh đề liên hệ không xác định đứng đầu câu, ta đặt dấu phẩy trước đại từ quan hệ

Thí dụ:

 Dorothy, who does my hair, has moved to another hairdresser’s

(Dorothy, người làm tóc cho tôi, chuyển sang tiệm khác rồi)

 She married a very nice young architect from Belfast, whom she met on a bus

(Cô ta cưới một kiến trúc sư trẻ tuổi người Belfast, mà cô ta gặp trên một chuyến xe buýt.)

3. Câu điều kiện loại I (Conditional sentence type I)

Câu điều kiện loại I là loại điều kiện sẽ xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai (điều kiện có thât) Cấu trúc của loại câu này như sau:

If clause: Simple present (Mệnh đề chứa if ở thì hiện tại thường).

Main clause: Simple future (Mệnh đề chính ở thì tương lai thường).

Ví dụ:

If we work hars, we will pass the exams.

(Nếu chúng tôi học tập chăm chỉ, chúng tôi sẽ thi đậu).

Ngµy so¹n: 02.03.2007 TiÕt thø 69 theo PPCT

Ngµy d¹y:TiÕt /12A8 ngµy /03/07 TiÕt /12A5 ngµy /03/07

Ngày đăng: 30/06/2013, 01:25

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