Analogies for critical thinking g1 2

The Same LinkDirections: Look atthese pictures to the right Think about how these two things are linked.. Now choose the answer that wil link to each first picture in the same way.. The

plane : flies

boat: floats

A terrific way to:

• Sharpen logical thinking skills

• Prepare for standardized tests

• Understand word relationships

• Improve & develop vocabulary

Teacher Created Resources

Mary D Smith, M.S Ed.

The classroom teacher may

reproduce copies of the

mater als in this book for use in

a single classroom only The

reproduction of an part of the

book for other classrooms or

for an entire school or school

system is strictly pro ibited No

part of this p blication may be

transmi ted, stored, or recorded

in any form without written

permissio from the publisher.

A t err ific w a to:

• Sharpen logical thinking skills

• Prepare for standardized tests

• Understand word relationships

• Improve & develop vocabulary

Author

R u t h Fo s te r , M Ed

Te cher Created Resourc s

6421 Industry WayWestmin ter, CA 92683WNW.teachercreated com

ISBN: 978-1-4206-3165-4

©2011 Teacher Created Resources

Made in U S.A.

Table of Contents

Fitting Pictures Together 2 5

Fitting Pictures Together 3 6

Antonym and Synonym Practice 32

# 1 5 A nalo i es f or Criti c al Thinkin g

Practice What You Know 33

Alphabet Practice 34

pieces fit together Wh t links the words to each other? How can they be connected or

tied together? What isthe relationship between them?

cat is to meow a s dog is to bark

Although the example above may appear to be easy, it is an exercise that involves cognitiveprocesses and critical-thinking skils One must comprehend the words read, categorize them,

understa d the connection between them, and then find a similar connection between a

different pair of words In this case, both meow and bark are sounds that a cat and dog make,respectively

Analogies writte for this series will focus on a variety of word relationships They wil develop,

reinforce, and expand skills in the following areas:

~ visu l imagery

~ reading comprehensio

~ paying attention to detail (word sequence within word pairs)

~ vocabulary developme t

~ synonym, a tonym, and h mophone recognition and recall

~ understanding different shades of word meanings

~ reasoning

~ standardized-est taking

Students will be able to demonstrate mastery by doing the following:

~ working with both multiple-choice and write-out question formats

~ analyzing and fi ing incorrect analogies

~ writing their own analogies in both question and sentence format

For interdisciplinary practice, some an logies will be subject-specific (addressing science,

math, or social studies, for example) Others will push students to think outside of the box,

as creative and imaginative connections between words will be asked for Students may then

explain inwriting or verbally (depending on skill level) how they created analogous word pairs

Fitting Pictures Together

Directio n s: Look at the pictures below One of the pictures does not fit in with the others

Cross out the on that does not fit in

-=======-===== -~~================================~~==~~ Tell or Write: Pick one of the questions above Tell or write why the picture didn't fit in

# 1 5 A na l og i e s for C r it i c a l Thinkin g 4 © T e ac h e r C r eate d R eso ur ce s

Fitting Pictures Together 2

Directions: Look at the pictures b low One of the pictures does not fit in with the others

Cross out the on that does not fit in

Directions: Draw four pictures, shapes, or letters One of the pictures should not fit in

Tell or Write: Which one of your pictures did not fit in? Explain why

© T e a c h e r Cr e at e d R e sou r ce s 5 #3165 Analo g i e s for Crit i ca l Thinkin g

Fitting Pictures Together 3

Dir ec tion s: Look at the pictures below One of the pictures does not fit in with the others.Cross out the one that does not fit in

Tell o r W rit e : Pick one question Tell or write why the picture didn't fit in

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Linking Pictures

Directions: Look at each row of pictures Which picture can best be linked with th first

picture? Fi in the correct bubble

Linking Pictures 2

Directions: Look at e ch row of pictures Which picture can best be linked with the first

picture Fill in the correct bubble

Tell or Write: Which one of your pictures can best be linked to the first picture

# 165Analo g i es for C ti c al Thinkin 8 © T e a c h e r Cr e at e d R e source s

Linking Pictures 3

picture? Fill in the correct bubble

~=======r=: :::: -®

~ -

The Same Link

Directions: Look atthese pictures to the right

Think about how these two things are linked

Now choose the answer that wil link to each first picture in the same way

Tell or Write: Why doesn't a tractor have the same lnk to water as a boat does?

The Same Link 2

Directions: Look at these pictures to the rig t

Think about how these two things are linked

Now choose the answer that will link to each first picture in the same way

Paying Attention

Directions: Look at each row of pictures Which picture can best be linked with the first

picture? Fill inthe correct bubble

Tell or Wr i te : Think about your socks and shoes Do you have to pay attention to which

one you put on first? Tell why

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letters came first or last? Are these two words the same? ~ ~

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Things that Go Together

Dir e cti o n s: We tend to think of some words in pairs When we think of one, we think of the

other, too See if you find the picture that completes the pair

Matching Linking Pairs

Directions: Make a copy of this page Cut out the pictures Match the pictures to make four

sets of linking pairs Glu the pairs on another piece of paper

~ -~ ~ -9 -~ -

• -+ -+ -+ -4

. -+ -+ -+ -~

. -+ -+ -+ -~

© -~-~~~ -~ -~ -T eac h e r C r eate d R eso ur ces

Matching Link i ng Pair s 2

Directions : Make a copy of this page Cut out the pictures Match the pictures to make four

Body Parts

Direction s : Look at how the pictures in the first box are linked Find the answer that links to

the thing in the second box in the same way

-Tell or Write: Which o e of your a swers for questio 5 was correct? Tell why

© Teacher Created Resources 1 #3 1 65 Analogies fo r Crit i cal Th i nking

Dir ec tions: Use your crayons to color in the boxes (You can do this with your teacher or byyourself.) This will help you remember your color words

Look at how the pictures in the first box are linked Find the answer that links to the thing in

the second box in the same way

®_ -Tell or Writ e : Which one of your answers for question 5 was correct? Tell or write why.

#3 1 65 Ana l o ie s fo r C r i ti c a l T hi n kin g 20 © T eac h e r C re at e d R es o r ces

Math 3

D irections: Look at the Set 1 pictures Think a out how they are linke Choose the

answer that will link to the pictures in the same way

Directions: Look atthe Set 2 pictures Think about how th y are linke Choose the

answer that will link to the pictures in the same way

T el l or W r ite: The pictures in Set 1 do n t sh re the same link as the pictures in Set 2

What could you do to make them share the same link?

© T eac h e r C r e a t e d R eso u rces 2 #3 1 5 A n l og i es fo r C riti c al Thinkin g

Tell or Write: Write down when your school day starts and ends Add numbers to each

digital clock Ad hands to each round clock

Time 2

• A.M or a.m is the time from midnight to just before noon

• P.M or p.m is the time from noon to just before midnight

Direct i o n s: Look at the pictures inth first box Think a out how they are linked Choose

Eggs I"

Frog

The Solar System

Direction s : Use the picture of our solar system to help you find the word that best completesthe pair

Tell or Write: Which planet do you live on?

Keep this page! You will need to use the picture of the solar system again

# 1 65 Ana l og i es for Cr i tica l Thinking 28 © T eac h e r Created Resourc s

The Solar System 2

D i r ections: The moon chart shows how many moons each planet has Use the moon chart

to help you find the word that best completes the pair You may want to look atthe picture of

the solar system used in the lesson before (page 28)

® Neptune ® Mercury © Mars ® Earth

T ell or W r ite: Do the biggest planets have the most moons?

© T e a c h e r C r e at e d R eso ur ces 2 #3 1 5 Anal og i e s fo r Cri tic a l Th i nk i ng

Tel l o r Wr ite: An a nt o y m is aword that is opposite in meaning to another word Were

your answers antonyms? Tell why or why not

Tell o r Write : A s y non y m is a word that is nearly the same in meaning as an ther word.

Were yo r answers synonyms? Tell why or why n t

Antonym and Synonym Practice

• Ant o nym s are words that are opposite in meanin

• Syn o nym s are words that mean the same

pair of words th t are linked inthe same way

• Write A o the line if the words are antonyms

• Write S on the line ifthe words are synonyms

Words that Sound the Same

h m ophone.

Example: The words r ain and r e i n are homophones

• Rain is water that falls from the sk

Directions: Find the word that best completes the pair

® toe ® two © ta @ tow

2 night is to knight as tail is to

® four ® rower © road

Tell or Write: Were all of yo r answers homophones? Tell why or why not

Alphabet Practice

Dir ec t ions: Find the answer that links to the first pair in the same way

• There are 26 letters in the alphabet

• Each letter has an uppercase and a lowercase form

T e ll or Writ e: Which one of these letter groups would you most likely start a sentence

with? Circle your answer

C the The eht ehT )

#3 1 5 A n l ogi e s fo r Crit i c a l T hin k i n 3 © T eac h e r C r e at e d R e sou r ce s

Alph a bet Practice 2

• Letters inthe alphabet are either vowels or consonants

• The vowels are B,e,i,0, and u.

• Sometimes y is a vowel

• The rest of the letters are consonants

• pay attention to vowels? yes no

• pay attention to upper and lower case? yes no

• pay attention to order? yes no

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-Writing Out the Link Directions : Think about the link between the words Write out how the words are tied together

Writing Out the Link 2

Look at this word pair ~ Iowl : hoot I

If you wrote how the words are linked, you might come up with

• An owl hoots

• The sound an owl makes is a hoot

Directions: Write down simple sentences or phrases to describe how the pairs are linked

Keep this page! You will need your answers to use again

Trying Out the Link

Dire c ti o n s: You will need your answers from the "Writing Out the Link 2" worksheet for thispage

1 WI :hoo t ~ An owl hoots

The sound an owl makes

When you are trying to find a matching pair of words, tryout the same link you used on thefirst pair Does the phrase or sentence make sense?

Examp l e: owl: hoot ~ An owl hoots

® roar: lion ~ A roar lions

® seal : bark ~ A seal barks

Fill in the circle next to the answer above th t has the same link as owl : hoot

Dire c tions : Write out your link sentences with the words in these pairs Mark the answer

Trying Ou t the Link 2

page Write out your link sentences with the words in these pairs Mark the answer that fits

Writing a Linked Pair

Dire c tion s : Read the sentences below

How do people stay cool? They sweat People have sweat glands all over their bodies.How do dogs and cats stay cool? Dogs and cats pant Dogs and cats only have sweatglands on their feet

How do birds stay cool? Birds pant Birds do not have any sweat glands

each word box

-Write out the link sentence you used

# 165 A nal og i es f or Cr i ca l Thin ki n 4 © T eac h er C r ea t e d R eso ur ces

Writing a Linked Pair 2 Directions: Read the sentences below.

The Fennec fox lives in Africa It lives in the desert The Fennec fox has large ears It

eats insects The fox's large ears help it hear insects walking on the sand Its ears help

it stay cool, too

The Afican elephant lives inAfrica I isthe largest land animal It lives in grasslands

I eats grass and other plants The African elephant has large ears When it is hot, the

elephant flaps it ears It flaps it ears to cool down

Directions: Use the information above to make your own linked pairs Use the words fromeach word box

-Write out the link sentence you used

A noun is the name of a person, place, or thing Here are some examples:

Tom home desk

mother city cup

Directions: Write down some other examples of nouns:

1

2.

When we make nouns plural (more than one), we have spelling rules

S pelling Rule: Ifthe word ends in s,x,ch, or sh, add es to the end

Directi o ns: Use the spelling rule to help you write in the correct answer

- -_._ _- _ _ _ ,__ _._ _ _ , - __ _ _ _ _ _-, _ _ _ - _ _ _, ., _ _ , _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _._._._ -,-_._ _._-_. ._ _ - - _ - _ - , - _._.,-._ • ,._ _._ _ - _

5 What was the link for Number 4?

6 Write your own Use a noun and its plural Give one right answer and two wrong ones

-® - - - - - © - -

-What was the correct answer to your question and why?

© T e ach e r Created R es our ce s 43 #3 1 65 A n l o i e s f o r Cr i tica l Think i n

Verb Link

A verb is an action word A verb tells what you are doing

Examples: run, talk, think, sing

Directions : Write down two other examples of verbs

A verb has tenses It has a present tense It has a past tense Some word pairs are linked by

5 Write out the word link between the pairs

# 1 65 An a l og i es f o r C riti ca l Thin k i ng 44 © T eac h e r Cr eate d R eso u rces

® flee: fled © freeze :frozen

® met: meet ® make: mad

Which answer for question 4 could be a correct answer for question 3?

©Te a c h er Cr e at ed R eso ur c es 45 # 1 65 A n l og i es fo r C r it i ca l Thi n kin g

eatshopsraces sweeps

-7 Write out the word link between the pairs

8 Think of two words of your own that have the same link as above Write them down

What They Do 2

Directi o ns: Choose the answer that shares the same link

1 whale: spouts

® frog: flies © snake: runs

® penguin: swims ® worm: hops

Now fill inthe words to complete the link sentences for question #1

® farmer: plants © bakes: baker

® sprays: firefighter ® plays: musician

Now complete the link sentences for question #2 Pay attention to what comes first!

® pencil: writer © explorer: explores

® paints: doctor ® races: racer

Which wrong answer for question 3 would be correct ifthe words were in a different order?

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4 Bed is to sleep as tub is to

® see: person eye

® taste: person tongue

© person nose: feel

® person ear: hear

Part to Whole

Dire c tions: Find a word in the Wor d B a nk to put in the empty box so the word pairs have

the same link

year

Wo r d Bank

alphabetbookcity

door

wallfoot

foresthandletter

3

4

5.

6

7 Write out the word link between the pairs

8 Think of two words of your own that have the same link Write them down

._ _ _._ -_._ _ _ _ _ -_ _ -_._ _ _ _- _ _ -_._ _ _ _ _._ _ _ _ ._