Dấu hiệu nhận biết: + Khi sử dụng để diễn tả hành động lặp đi lặp lại hoặc diễn tả một thói quen thường đi với các trạng từ chỉ tần xuất như : - always, usually , often, sometime, sell
Trang 1CHUYÊN ĐỀ 1: ENGLISH TENSESI- Tổng hợp các thì cơ bản :
1 Thì hiện tại đơn:(The simple present tense)
a Công thức (Form):
* Câu khẳng định:
- I / we / you / they + V(inf.)
+ es: đối với các đông từ có tận cùng là: o, x, s , z, ch , sh
- He / she / it +V + s : đối với các động từ có tận cùng còn lại.
Eg - I go to school by bicycle.
- He goes to work everyday.
- She works for a big company.
* Câu phủ định: I / we / you / they + do not (don’t) + V (inf.)
He / she / it + does not (doesn’t) + V(inf.)
Eg - We don’t smoke.
- She doesn’t work on Sunday.
* Câu hỏi: Do + I/ we / you / they + V(inf.) ?
Does + he / she / it + V(inf.) ?
Eg - What do you do at weekend?
- Does he like drinking coffee?
b.Cách dùng (Uses):
- Thì hiện tại đơn diễn tả một thói quen hay một hành động lặp đi lặp lại nhiều lần
ở hiện tại
Eg - He gets up at 6 o’clock every morning.
- Ann doesn’t go out very often.
- Thì hiện tại đơn diễn tả một sự thật luôn luôn đúng, một chân lí:
Eg - The earth goes around the sun.
- Two and two are four.
c Dấu hiệu nhận biết:
+ Khi sử dụng để diễn tả hành động lặp đi lặp lại hoặc diễn tả một thói quen thường đi với các trạng từ chỉ tần xuất như :
- always, usually , often, sometime, selldom , rarely , never
- every morning , every day , every month/year
- once/ twice/three times , a/per day , a week
+ Khi được dùng để nói về tương lai( khi nói về thời gian biểu và chương trình
ấn định ) ta có thể dùng một số trạng từ chỉ thời gian ở tương lai
Eg ;- Tomorrow is Friday
- The train leaves the station from Ha Noi to Vinh Yen at 3p.m to 5 p.m
* Chú ý: cách đọc S và ES :
- S được đọc thành /s/ khi động từ tận cùng bằng các phụ âm: /f/, /k/, /p/, /t/
(laughs, likes, stops, wants, )
- ES được đọc thành /iz/ khi động từ có tận cùng các phụ âm: /s/, /∫/, /t∫/, /z/
(dances, washes, watches, buzzes, )
- S và ES được đọc thành /z/ cho các trường hợp còn lại: (goes, needs )
*Practice:
Trang 21 Water ( boil ) at 100 0 C.
2 Nam usually ( get ) up at 6.00 ?
3 What you often ( have ) for lunch ?
4 She’ very clever She ( speak ) 4 languages
5 Steve ( smoke ) ten cigarettes a day
6 An insect ( have ) six legs
7 She often ( visit ) you at weekend ?
8 Mary ( wash ) her teeth twice a day
9 You often ( watch ) film in the evening ?
10 Mary ( swim ) very well ?
11 She ( not/like ) watching T.V
12 She ( get ) at 6 o’clock, and ( go ) to school at 7 o’clock
13 He ( not/ usually/ drive ) to work He usually ( walk )
14 Kangaroo ( see ) everywhere in Australia
15 My father ( drink ) coffee every morning
16 At Christmas, people often ( decorate ) a tree
17 It ( not rain ) in the dry season
18 Nam often ( visit ) you on Sunday ?- No He ( visit ) me on Saturday
19 What time she ( finish ) work everyday ? - She ( finish ) it at 16.00
20 My mother ( take ) Jim to the dentist many times
21 My little sister ( drink ) milk everyday
22 Long ( like ) tennis ? - No He ( like ) badminton
23 The Earth ( move ) around the Sun
24 The Sun ( rise ) in the East and ( set ) in the West
25 What you often ( do ) in your free time?
2 Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn ( The present progressive tense):
a Công thức:
*Khẳng định: S + am / is / are + V- ing ….
*Phủ định: S + am not / isn’t / aren’t + V-ing ….
*Câu hỏi: Is / Are + S + V-ing ….
> Yes, S + am / is / are ; No, S + am not / isn’t / aren’t.
Eg: I’m learning English now
Lan and Nam are watching TV at the moment
My mother isn’t cooking dinner
b Cách dùng, dấu hiệu nhân biết:
- Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn diễn tả một hành động đang xảy ra lúc nói:
Eg -We are learning English now.-What are you doing?
*Chú ý: Cách dùng này thường được dùng kèm các trạng từ: now, at the
moment, at present, right now, Look!, Listen!,Be careful!
- Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn diễn tả một hành động dự định làm ở tương lai gần và thường phải có trạng từ chỉ thời gian trong tương lai kèm theo:
Eg -I’m going to Da Lat tomorrow morning.
-We are meeting him at the airport this afternoon.
Trang 3- Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn diễn tả một hành động xảy ra có tính chất tạm thời, không thường xuyên Cách dùng này thường được dùng với các trạng từ chỉ thời gian như: Today, this week, this season
Eg He often gets up at 7 a.m., but this month he is on holiday, so he is getting up later
- Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn diễn còn được dùng để diễn tả sự phàn nàn về một việc gì
đó liên tục xảy ra quanh thời điểm nói Cách dùng này sẽ dùng với always.
Eg : Nam is always going to school late
- They are always talking in class
* Chú ý: Các động từ không được dùng ở các thì tiếp diễn:
- Những động tư chỉ giác quan: see, hear, smell
- Những động từ chỉ cảm xúc: want, wish, love, hate, like
- Những động từ về lí trí: understand, know, believe, remember, mind
- Các trợ động từ : have, can, be.
*Practice:
1 She’s tired She ( want ) to go home now
2 Tom ( plant ) the trees in the garden at the moment ?
3 What you ( do ) now ?
4 Listen ! someone ( knock ) on the front door
5 He ( write ) a novel at present
6 They ( watch ) T.V at present ? - No They ( listen ) to the radio
7 He and I ( play ) soccer at the moment
8 Tom and I ( be ) busy at the moment
9 They ( see ) a movie at the moment
10 We ( want ) to go to school at the moment
3 Thì hiện tại hoàn thành (The present perfect tense):
a Cấu trúc:
*Thể khẳng định: I / You / We / They /N_số nhiều + have + V_ed/c3 …
He / She / It / N_số ít + has + V_ed/c3 ….
Lưu ý: P.P là quá khứ phân từ.(Có quy tắc thêm “ed”, bất quy tắc tra cột 3 bảng động từ bất quy tắc.)
Thể phủ định: I / You / We / They / N_số nhiều + haven’t + V_ed/c3 …
He / She / It / N_số ít + hasn’t + V_ed/c3 ….
Thể nghi vấn: Have + you / they / N_số nhiều + V_ed/c3 … ?
Has + he / she / it / N_từ số ít + V_ed/c3 …?
>Yes, I / we / you/they have ; No, I / we /you/ they + haven’t >Yes, he / she / it + has ; No, he / she / it + hasn’t.
b Cách dùng, dấu hiệu nhận biết:
Thì hiện tại hoàn thành diễn tả:
-Một hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ nhưng thời gian không xác định hoặc không được đề cập:
Eg I have visited London.
She has divorced him.
Trang 4- Một hành động đã xảy ra và kết thúc trong khoảng thời gian chưa qua hết:
Eg We have gone to the cinema this week (Tuần này chưa qua hết)
- Một hành động vừa mới xảy ra Cách dùng này thường được dùng kèm trạng
từ just:
Eg She has just gone out.
I have just finished my homework
- Một hành động bắt đầu trong quá khứ và còn tiếp tục đến hiện tại hoặc tương
lai Cách dùng này thường được dùng kèm với for (trước một khoảng thời gian)
và since (trứơc một mốc thời gian):
Eg We have learned English for 3 years.
I have lived here since 1995
- Một hành động bắt đầu trong quá khứ và ngừng lại ở hiện tại:
Eg I haven’t seen you for a long time.
I’m afraid I haven’t written to you for a few years
- Một hành đông đã xảy ra nhưng kết quả của nó vẫn còn ở hiện:
Eg He has had a serious car accident Now he is in hospital and he can’t walk.
- Một hành động đã xảy ra hơn một lần trong quá khứ ( người thực hiện hành động vẫn còn và hành động đó có thể tái diễn ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai ) :
Eg He is a famous swimmer He has won four gold medals.
Eg That film is so interesting that I have seen it twice.
- Thì hiện tại hoàn thành thường được dùng với các trạng từ sau đây: already, never, ever, yet, before, recently, so far
Eg I have never seen him.
We have met her before
- Thì hiện tại hoàn thành được dùng trong các cách nói chỉ số lần(the
first/second), trong câu so sánh bậc nhất:
Eg This is the first time I’ve ever visited London.
This is the most beautiful girl I’ve ever met
*Practice:
1 I (live) here since 1970
2 He (study) English for three years
3 They (come) here many times
4 He (already read) these books
5 She (just visit) us
6 I (ever see) this cartoon
7 You (ever talk) to her?
8 He(have) lunch yet?
9 We (not see) her parents yet
10.His sister (work) for this company since 1995
11.They (build) those building recently
12.I (not be) successful so far
13.Up to now he (win) the prize
14.It’s the second time he (visit) the USA
Trang 515.I (not live) here since he (be) a child
16.This is the nicest restaurant I (ever see)
17.The doctor (be) here since 8 o’clock
18.It (rain) yesterday after it (be) dry for many month
19.We (already choose) the new person for the job
20.You (pay) the taxi-driver yet?
4 Thì quá khứ đơn (The simple past tense):
a Công thức:
* Câu khẳng định: S + V_ed/c2
* Câu phủ định: S + did not (didn’t) + V ( INF.)
* Câu hỏi: Did + S + V ( INF.) ?
Eg: I worked there 10 years ago.
We went to the zoo last week.
He didn’t go to school yesterday.
What did you do last night?
b Cách dùng:
Thì quá khứ đơn diễn tả:
- Một hành động xảy ra và kết thúc trong quá khứ nhưng thời gian phải được xác định rõ:
Eg I met him yesterday.
The train arrived 10 minutes ago.
- Một loạt hành động xảy ra kế tiếp nhau trong quá khứ:
Eg He parked the car, got out of it, closed all the windows, locked the door, and then walked into the house.
- Một hành động xảy ra theo thói quen trong quá khứ:
Eg : While I was in the U.S.A., I drank three cups of milk everyday.
Did he come to see you often? ~ He came every week
c Dấu hiệu nhận biết:
Các trạng từ chỉ thời gian thường dùng trong thì quá khứ đơn giản
- yesterday, yesterday morning / afternoon/ evening
- last night / week / month / year; last + thứ trong tuần (last Monday/Tuesday ….)
- last + mùa trong năm: (last summer ….)
- in + năm : (in1978/ 2008 …)
- khoảng thời gian + ago ( a week ago, two days ago ….)
*Practice:
1 Yesterday, I (go) to the restaurant with a client
2 We (drive) around the parking lot for 20 mins to find a parking space
3 When we (arrive) at the restaurant, the place (be) full
4 The waitress (ask) us if we (have) reservations
5 I (say), "No, my secretary forgets to make them."
6 The waitress (tell) us to come back in two hours
7 My client and I slowly (walk) back to the car
8 Then we (see) a small grocery store
9 We (stop) in the grocery store and (buy) some sandwiches
Trang 610 That (be) better than waiting for two hours
11 I (not go) to school last Sunday
12 She (get) married last year?
13 What you (do) last night?
- I (do) my homework
14 I (love) him but no more
15 Yesterday, I (get) up at 6 and (have) breakfast at 6.30
5 Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn( The past continuous tense):
a Công thức:
- Khẳng định: I / He / She / It / N_số ít + was + V-ing ….
You / We / They / N_số nhiều + were + V-ing ….
- Phủ định: I / He / She / It / N_số ít + wasn’t + V-ing ….
You / We / They / N_ số nhiều + weren’t + V-ing ….
- Câu hỏi : Was + he / she / it / N_số it + V-ing ….?
Were + you / they / N_số nhiều + V-ing ….?
>Yes, I / he / she / it + was; No, I / he / she / it + wasn’t.
>Yes, we / you / they + were; / No, we / you / they + weren’t.
b Cách dùng, dấu hiệu nhận biết:
Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn dùng để diễn tả:
- Một hành động đang xảy ra vào một thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ,thường dùng với các cụm trạng từ như:
at+ 8a.m/3p.m/5a.m +yesterday/ last ; at this/that time +
yesterday/last
I was learning English at 4 p.m yesterday.
- Một hành động đang xảy ra thì có một hành động khác xen vào, trong câu
thường có trạng từ “when”:
When she came home, her children were playing games.
- Hai hay nhiều hành động cùng xảy ra song song với nhau, trong câu thường
có trạng từ “while”:
He was reading a book while she was cooking in the kitchen.
- Hành động xảy ra và kéo dài suốt một khoảng thời gian trong quá khứ, trongcâu thường có các cụm trạng từ như:
between and last /yesterday
from to ( from Monday to Saturday)
All ( all yesterday, all last week )
The whole of ( the whole of yesterday )
Yesterday, from 6 to 7 o’clock, we were listening to an interesting play on the radio.
*Practice:
1.the doorbell (ring)while Tom (watch) T.V
2.How fast you(drive)when the accident (happen)
3.Ann and Susan (make).dinner when Martin (arrive)home
4.The light (go)out when we (have)dinner, but it (come)on again
after about ten minutes
Trang 75.It suddenly (begin)to rain while Laura (sit)in the garden.
6.What you(do)this time yesterday?
I (work)on the computer
7.It (be)cold when we (leave)the house that day, and a slight snow (fall)
8.When I last (see)them they (try)to find a new house near their work
9.I (walk)along the street when I suddenly(feel)something hit me in the back I (not/know)what it was
10.When we (drive)down the hill, a strange object (appear)in the sky
11.What (you/do)this time yesterday?I was asleep
12.When we came, he (read)books
13.I (see)Sue in town yesterday but she (not see)me.she (look)the other way
14.I(meet)Tom and Ann at the airport a few week ago.They (go) to Berlin and I (go)to Madrid We (have)a chat while we(wait) for our flight
15.I (cycle) home yesterday when suddenly a man (step )out into the road in front
of me.I (go)quite fast but luckly I (manage) to stop in time and (not/hit) him.16.Jane (wait) for me when I (arrive)
17(you/ go) out last night ?No, I was too tired
18.John (take)a photograph of me while I (not/look)
19.I haven’t seen Alan for ages When I last (see)him , he(try)to find a job in London
20.I (walk)along the street when suddenly I (hear)footsteps behind me Somebody (follow)me I was frighted and I (start)to run
NOTES:
MỘT SỐ MẪU CÂU CHUYỂN ĐỔI TỪ THÌ QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN SANG HIỆN
TẠI HOÀN THÀNH VÀ NGƯỢC LẠI
1 This is the first time I have seen him (đây là lần đầu tôi thấy anh ta )
=>I have never seen him before ( Tôi chưa bao giờ thấy anh ta trước đây )
Mẫu này có dạng :
Đây là lần đầu tiên làm chuyện đó => chưa bao giờ làm chuyện đó trước đây
The first time + S + have/has + V 3 / ed + …
> S + have / has + never + V 3 / ed before
2.I started / began studying English 3 years ago (tôi bắt đầu học TA cách đây
Nếu không có ago mà có when + mệnh đề thì giữ nguyên mệnh đề chỉ
đổi when thành since
3 S + started / began + V > S + have / has + V(ed/c3) + for / since + thời gian ( ing)/ To + V(inf) + thời gian trong quá khứ
Trang 8I last saw him when I was a student.( lần cuồi cùng tôi thấy anh ta là khi tôi là
SV )
=> I haven't seen him since I was a student.( tôi đã không thấy anh ta từ khi tôi là SV )
Mẫu này có dạng :
Lần cuối cùng làm chuyện đó là khi => không làm chuyện đó từ khi
Last : lần cuối Since : từ khi
S 1 + last + V 2 / ed + when + S 2 + V 2 / ed ……
> S 1 + have / has + V 3 / ed + since + S 2 + V 2 / ed ……
4 The last time she went out with him was two years ago
(lần cuối cô ta đi chơi với anh ta cách đây 2 năm )
>She hasn't gone out with him for two years.( cô ta đã không đi chơi với anh
ta đã 2 năm nay )
The last time + S + V 2 / ed + …… + was + thời gian trong qúa khứ
> S + haven’t/ hasn’t + V 3 / ed + ……… + for / since + thời gian
5 It's ten years since I last met him.(đã 10 năm từ khi tôi gặp anh ta lần cuối )
=> I haven't met him for ten years ( tôi đã không gặp anh ta 10 năm rồi )
Mẫu này có dạng :
Đã khoảng thời gian từ khi làm gì đó lần cuối => không làm việc đó được + khoảng thời gian
It's + thời gian + since + S + last + V 2 / ed + ……
> S + haven't / hasn’t + V 3 / ed + …+ for / since + thời gian
6 When did you buy it ? ( bạn đã mua nó khi nào ?
=> How long have you bought ? ( bạn đã mua nó được bao lâu ? )
Mẫu này có dạng : When : thì dùng quá khứ đơn
> How long : thì dùng hiện tại hoàn thành
When + did + S + V 0 / V s / es … ? / How long ago + did + S + V 0 ?
=> How long + have / has + S + V 3 / ed ?
*Rewrite the following sentences with the words given:
1.Minh last wrote to his pen pal five months ago
Trang 9>They have ………
5 My father started to work in this factory last week
>My father has………
6 How long has he worked in the garden?
> When ………?
7 How long ago did you learn music?
> How long have ………
8 He started living in Ho Chi Minh city when he was 8
11 We haven’t been to the concert for over a year
> The last time ………
12 I usually went to the cinema on Sunday last year
Trang 10a Công thức:
- Khẳng định: S + will + V ….
- Phủ định: S + will not (won’t) + V …
- Câu hỏi: Will + S + V …?
Yes, S will / No, S + won’t.
*Chú ý: -Chúng ta có thể dùng SHALL thay cho WILL với 2 ngôi I và We.
b Cách dùng:
Thì tương lai đơn được dùng để diễn tả:
- Một hành động, sự việc sẽ xảy ra tại thời điểm nào đó trong tương lai.Eg: He will finish his homework tomorrow
Manchester United will win the cup
- Một hành động, sự việc được quyết đinh tại thời điểm nói mà không có ýđịnh từ trước
Eg: Lan is ill I will go to see her now
- Hứa hẹn sẽ làm gì
Eg: I promise I’ll learn harder next school year
Thank you for lending me the money I’ll pay you back soon
c Dấu hiệu nhận biết:
* Các trạng từ chỉ thời gian dùng trong thì tương lai đơn giản
- Tomorrow , tomorrow morning / afternoon / evening
- Next week / month / year
- Next + thứ trong tuần: (next Monday, Tuesday …)
- Next + mùa : (next summer ,… )
- soon: chẳng bao lâu nũa
- in + thời gian trong tương lai
- I’m sure
- I think / hope; perhaps: có lẽ
*Note: Hai hành động xảy ra nối với nhau bằng “when”, nếu hành động này ở thì
hiện tại đơn thì hành động kia chia ở tương lai đơn và ngược lại
Ex: When he comes, I will phone you
8 Tương lai với “be going to.”
a Công thức:
- Khẳng định: S + am / is / are + going to + V (inf) ….
- Phủ định: S + am not / isn’t / aren’t + going to + V (inf) ….
- Câu hỏi: Are / Is + S + going to + V (inf) … ?
Yes, S + am / is / are ; No, S + amnot / isn’t / aren’t.
b Cách dùng:
- Tương lai với “be going to” được dùng để diễn tả hành động, sự việc sẽ
xảy ra trong tương lai mà có kế hoạch từ trước
Eg I have bought a lot of bricks I am going to build a house
- Một hành động chắc chắn sẽ xảy ra trong một tương lai gần, một dự đoán (thường có những biểu hiện ở hiện tại):
Eg He has been seriously ill He is going to die.
Look at those black clouds in the sky It is going to rain.
Trang 11c Dấu hiệu nhận biết:
Các trạng từ chỉ thời gian dùng để diễn tả tương lai với “be going to.”
- Tomorrow, tomorrow morning / afternoon / evening
- Next week / month / year
- Next + thứ trong tuần: next Monday/Tuesday …
- Next + mùa : next summer ,…
*Practice:
1 I ( go ) to the zoo tomorrow
2 They ( publish ) a book next year
3 Where you ( spend ) your holiday next year?
4 I am 13 years old Next year I ( be ) 14
5 You ( not / go ) to the movies next Sunday
6 It ( take ) Lan 5 minutes to go to school next year
7 Mrs Lan ( take ) Minh to the dentist next times
8 He and I ( play ) soccer tomorrow morning
9 I (be) twenty years old next June
10 They ( meet ) their friends next Christmas?
FURTHER PRACTICE ON TENSES IN ENGLISH
I Hãy chọn dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc để hoàn thành các câu sau:
1 We (have) English classes on Monday and Thursday Now we ( have) Physical education
2 Lan ( study) History in the library
3 English classes (start) at 9.00 on Monday
4 We ( study) Geography every Wednesday But today we do
(notstudy) it We (play) tennis
5 Please don't make so much noise We (study)
6 How many Literature classes you ( have) a week?
7 Tan and Lam ( have) Technology class on the 3rd floor - classroom number 8
8 Where you ( come) from? - From Canada
9 Excuse me, you ( speak) English?
10 What she (do) ? - She is an actress
11 How much the English - Vietnamese Dictionary ( cost ) ?
12 I can't talk to you at the moment I ( study )
13 I ( not want ) to go out I ( have ) a lot of homework
I'm sorry, I ( not understand ) Please speak more slowly
14 - Have a cigarette ?
- No, thanks I ( not smoke)
15 My father always ( watch) TV in his free time
16 Some peole never ( eat) Meat They are vegetarians
17 I (finish) the book before my next birthday
18 The audience (listen) to everything he said last night
19 I’m preparing to support anything he (say) tomorrow
20 Sometimes I (get) up before the sun (rise)
21 Don’t speak until someone (ask) you
Trang 1222 The house (build) two years ago.
23 Someone (cut) down all the trees in the garden
24 Tom Baker (not come) here tomorrow
25 He often (say) O.K when he (talk) with the guests
26 What you (do) after you (go) home yesterday?
27 Yesterday thieves (break) into the house and (steal) a lot of fur coats
28 They usually (have) dinner at home, but they (have) dinner in a small
restaurant yesterday evening
29 He (brush) his teeth every night, but last night he (forget) to brush them
30 My father (not like) drinking wine He prefer
(drink) beer
31 When I (be) a child I (drink) a lot of milk
32 My family often (go) out for a dinner at the weekend
33 She’d like (tell) funny stories
34 She prefers (play) piano
35 Nga prefers (listen) rock music to (listen) pop music
36 I prefer (take) part in sport to(watch) them
37 The students prefer (gather) in the streets
38 When Mai (be) young ,She (like) (go) to the zoo to see animals
39 At the moment we (sit) in a cafe We (wait) for the museum to open
40 Thanks for (invite) me to the birthday party
41 He (go) to the English club every Sunday But last Sunday he (not go) there
42 Please be quiet! I (work)
43 When I (be) a child, I (want) to be a doctor
44 The last train (leave) the station at 5 p.m
45 I (meet) her at the movie theater last night
II Hãy viết lại những câu sau sao cho nghĩa của câu không đổi:
1 Lan is not as tall as her younger brother
- Lan's younger brother
2 Timmy is very interested in reading picture books
6 He can't buy the car It is very expensive
- The car is too
7 The streets in big cities are usually more crowded than those in the countryside
- he streets in the countryside are not
8 I can't play the guitar very well
- I am not very
Trang 13III Hãy đặt câu hỏi cho phần được gạch chân:
1 It's about two kilometers from my house to school.
2 I am fine, thanks.
3 I go to school by bus.
4 We live at 25 Phan Dinh Phung street.
5 She is in class 7B.
6 Hoa is 13 years old.
7 I will visit my grandmother tomorrow.
8 It's 3 kilometers from my house to the school.
9 I'd like some bread with milk for breakfast.
10 Peter has three close friends in the class
IV Dùng từ gợi ý hoàn thành mỗi câu sau đây
1 He / like watching TV / but / he / not / watch / at the moment / because /
he / sleep //
2 What / Wendy / do / at the moment / ? // She / clean / her teeth / bathroom
3 mother / can not / help me / now / because / she / cook / kitchen //
4 Where / your cousin / live / ? // She / live / Australia //
5 Why / you / eat / sandwich / now / ? // Because / I / be / hungry //
6 Tim / usually / go / work / bicycle //
7 children / play / games / everyday //
8 How often / mother / cook / pizza / ? //
VI/ Identify the mistakes:
1.Last night I don’t watch Television
VII)Sắp xếp các từ sau thành câu hoàn chỉnh:
1.morning/ you/ time/ get/ up/What /this/ did?
Trang 142.dinner/ night/ have/ what/ you/ last/ for/ did?
3.do/ what/ Sunday/ you/ last/ did?
4.holiday/ did/ summer/ on/ go/ where/ last/ you?
5.go/ today/ you/ how/ school/ did/ to?
VIII/ Rewrite the sentences:
1, Why don't we eat out tonight?
1 Jane goes to work ……… bus
2 My birthday is ……… March
3 We are going to meet ……… 4:00 p.m
4 Students must go to school ……… weekdays
5 Do you play tennis ……… the weekend?
6 His birthday is ……… November 5th
7 We have art lesson ……… Mondays
x Choose the word in each group that has the underlined part pronounced differently from the rest.
1 A character B school C teacher D chemistry
4 A theme B there C thin D thank
5 A boat B road C broad D coast
6 A lived B loved C joined D looked
7 A name B natural C native D nation
10 A helped B struggled C remarked D watched
11 A airports B suitcases C things D calculators
12 A fills B adds C stirs D lets
13 A shops B notes C mouths D books
14 A hooked B kissed C traveled D diminished
15 A passed B realized C wished D touched
16 A enjoyed B moved C achieved D liked
20 A wicked B wanted C needed D filled
21 A nature B change C gravity D basic
22 A darkness B warmth C market D remark
Trang 1524 A knees B papers C trees D bats
25 A because B nurse C horse D purpose
26 A marriage B massage C collage D shortage
27 A enough B tough C laugh D though
28 A breathe B with C thermal D clothing
29 A education B individual C procedure D production
30 A released B pleased C passed D housed
II Pick out the word that has the stress differently from that of the other words:
1 A recently B conduct C attitude D marriage
2 A banquet B schedule C diameter D blessing
3 A birthday B cowboy C enjoy D pleasure
4 A disease B humour C cancer D treatment
5 A persuade B reduce C offer D apply
6 A farmer B farewell C factory D fairy
7 A cattle B country C canal D cover
9 A borrow B agree C await D prepare
10 A paper B tonight C lecture D story
11 A money B army C afraid D people
12 A enjoy B daughter C provide D decide
13 A begin B pastime C finish D summer
14 A reply B appeal C offer D support
15 A profit B comfort C apply D suggest
16 A direct B idea C suppose D figure
17 A revise B amount C contain D desire
18 A standard B happen C handsome D destroy
19 A about B around C between D under
20 A knowledge B enjoy C science D sudden
21 A because B method C standard D wooden
22 A ashtray B music C severe D temper
23 A farewell B thoughtful C toward D approach
24 A bridegroom B bamboo C wedding D survey
25 A healthy B remain C alone D accept
26 A explain B obtain C promise D suspect
27 A confide B agree C maintain D response
28 A precede B suppose C decide D finish
29 A abroad B noisy C hundred D quiet
30 A passion B aspect C medium D success
III Choose the word that has main stress placed differently from the others:
1 A generous B suspicious C constancy D sympathy
2 A acquaintance B unselfish C attraction D humorous
3 A loyalty B successful C incapable D sincerely
4 A carefully B correctly C seriously D personally
5 A excited B interested C confident D memorable
Trang 166 A organize B decorate C divorce D promise
7 A refreshment B horrible C exciting D intention
8 A knowledge B maximum C athletics D marathon
9 A difficult B relevant C volunteer D interesting
10 A confidence B supportive C solution D obedient
11 A whenever B mischievous C hospital D separate
12 A introduce B delegate C marvelous D currency
13 A develop B conduction C partnership D majority
14 A counterpart B measurement C romantic D attractive
15 A government B technical C parallel D understand
16 A Pyramid B Egyptian C belongs D century
17 A construction B suggestion C accurate D hi-jacket
18 A dedicate B impressive C reminder D descendant
19 A remember B company C technical D interview
20 A electric B computer C fascinate D fantastic
21 A domestic B investment C substantial D undergo
22 A confident B influence C computer D remember
23 A optimist B powerful C terrorist D contrary
24 A government B destruction C contribute D depression
25 A institute B consumption C specific D encounter
26 A tableland B apparent C atmosphere D applicant
27 A vulnerable B satellite C eleven D element
28 A arrival B technical C proposal D approval
29 A empire B employer C conductor D transistor
30 A celebrate B fascinating C survive D elephant
IV Choose ONE correct answer (A, B, C, or D) to complete each of the
following sentences:
1-I …….Louisiana state University
A-am attending B-attend C-was attending D-attended
2-He has been selling motorcycles………
A-ten years ago B-since ten years C-for ten years agoD-for ten years3-Columbus…….America more then 400 years ago
A-discovered B-has discovered C-had discovered D-he has gone4-He fell down when he ……towards the church
5-We …….there when our father died
A-still lived B-lived still C-was still living D-were still living6-They …….Ping-Pong when their father comes back home
A- will play B-will be playing C-play D-would play7-By Christmas, I…… for you for 6 months
A-Shall have been working B-shall work
C-have been working D-shall be working
8-I…….in the room now
A-am being B-was being C-have been being D-am
9-I…… to New York three times this year
Trang 17A-have been B-was C-were D-had been
10-I will come and see you before I…… for America
A-leave B-will leave C-have left D-shall leave11-The little girl asked what… to her friend
C-had happened D-would have been happened
12-John ……a book when I saw him
A-is reading B-read C-was reading D-reading
13-He said he…….return later
14-Jack … the door
A-has just opened B-open C-will have openedD-opening
15-I have been waiting for you………
A-since early morning B-since 9 a.m C-for two hours D-all are correct16-My sister…….for you since yesterday
A- is looking B-was looking C-has been lookingD-looked
17-Jack……the door
A-has just painted B-paint C-will have paintedD-painting
18-The train ………half an hour
A-has been leaving B-left C-has lelt D-had lelt
19-We ………Doris since last Sunday
A-don’t see B-haven’t seen C-didn’t see D-hadn’t seen20-When I last saw him, he…….in London
A-has lived B-is living C-was living D-has been living21-After I………lunch, I looked for my bag
22-By the end of next year, George………English for 2 years
A- will have learned B-will learn C-has learned D-would learn23-The man got out the car ,………round to the back and opened the boot
24-For several years his ambition………to be a pilot
a-is B-has been C-was D-had been
25-Henry ………into the restaurant when the writer was having dinner
26-He will take the dog out for a walk as soon as he …….dinner
A-finish B-finishes C-will finish D-shall have finished27-Before you asked, the letter………
A- was written B-had been writtenC-had written D-has been written
28-Ask her to come and see me when she ………her work
A-finish B-has finished C-finished D-finishing
29-Oil ……if you pour it on water
A-floated B-floats C-will be floated D-float
30-The dancing club…… north of the city
31- Almost everyone……for home by the time we arrived
Trang 18A-leave B-left C-leaves D-had left
32-By the age of 25, he …….two famous novels
A- wrote B-writes C-has written D-had written
33-While her husband was in the army, Janet …… to him twice a week
A-was writing B-wrote C-was written D-had written
34-I couldn’t cut the grass because the machine…… a few days previously
A-broke down B-has been broken C-had broken down D-breaks down35-According to this newspaper, John is said……a new record for the long jump.A-to have establishedB-establishing C-to establish D-established
36-I have never played badminton before This is the first time I…… to play.A-try B-tried C-have tried D-am trying
37-Since……,I have heard nothing from him
A-he had left B-he left C-he has left D-he was left
38-I like looking at these pictures, but I…… enough by lunch time
A-should have B-will have C-will have had D-have
39-I don’t understand this sentence What……….?
A-does mean this word B-have this word mean
C-means this word D-does this word mean
40-John…… tennis once or twice a week
A-usually play B-is usually playingC-usually plays D-have usually played41-It was noisy next door Our neighbors…… a party
A-had B-were having C-had had D-have had
42-It…… dark Shall I turn on the light?
43-I …….for Christine Do you know where she is?
A-look B-looked C-am looking D-looks
44-At 5 o’clock yesterday evening, I………my clothes
A-am ironing B-have ironed C-ironed D-was ironing
45-“Are you ready ,Ann?” “Yes, I………”
46-Why …… at me like that? What’s the matter?
A-do you look B-have you looked C-did you look D-are you looking
47-I…… along the street when I suddenly heard footsteps behind me
A-was walking B-am walking C-walk D-walked
48-She …… German for two years
A-has learnt B-is learning C-learn D-learns
49-I usually …….away at weekends
A-have gone B-goes C-am going D-go
50-The earth……… round the sun
V: Rewrite the following sentences that keep the same meaning.
1.My father used to play football when he was young
My father doesn't………
3.They bought this house ten years ago
They have………
Trang 19- 4 I spent seven years at secondary school and then I went to university
EXERCISE : Supply the correct tense of the verbs in brackets:
1 John reading (not, like)
2 any of you sports regularly? (play)
3 I rarely newspapers (read)
4 Yesterday I you talking to a stranger (see)
5 Tonight we to the opera (go)
6 Right now he on the phone (talk)
7 You are late, the lesson fifteen minutes ago (start)
8 When the Beatles their first album? (record)
9 On Friday I to the boss about a rise (talk)
10 These days we a lot (work)
Trang 2011 My father Maths at a secondary school (teach)
12 I any book now (not, read)
13 you anything yesterday? (buy)
14 When I (go) home, I (meet) John
15 At this moment he should his final exam (write)
16 Jane to Washington tomorrow (fly)
17 Don't disturb me while I (work)
18 Holidays last Friday (begin)
19 At midnight I still home (drive)
20 Every Sunday we to church (go)
21 When I (wake up), the sun (shine) and the
birds (sing)
22 Look, the sun (set)
23 In summer the sun about nine o'clock PM (set)
24 While I (sleep), he (clean) the house and (prepare) dinner
25 What you yesterday at 11 AM? (do)
26 I never to Australia (be)
27 you already your car? (wash)
28 He just back (come)
29 She not yet doing her homework (finish)
30 I (love) her since I (see) her for the first time
31 A strange thing (happen) while I a letter (write)
32 John his garden every two days (water)
33 We each other for ten years (know)
34 My grandfather all those trees before the war (plant)
35 As I dishes (wash), the phone (ring)
36 Be quiet, I to concentrate (try)
37 Jane many books about Chinese culture (write)
38 She her first book in 1990 (write)
39 She currently a book about Chinese painting (write)
40 My parents married 20 years ago (get)
41 My best friend married next Saturday (get)
42 We (watch) a football match on the TV when the
electricity out (go)
43 Last night he back at 2 o'clock (come)
44 It all night (rain)
45 When I (enter) the classroom, everybody (write) the test
46 I (not, hear) anything he said, because I about
something else.(think)
47 I (call) you when I (arrive) in London
48 Since I last (see) him, he (lose) much weight
and (grow) a beard
49 Somebody (knock) on the door - I (open)!
50 you me a favour? (do)
Trang 21EXERCISE 2: Supply the correct tense of the verbs in brackets:
1)He usually (go) ………fishing at weekend
2) My parents ( work ) ……… in a business company
3) She ( come )……… here yesterday
4) We ( live ) ………in that house when I was ten years old.5) Both my grandmother and my uncle ( be )……… teachers
6) My sister ( like )……… music very much
7) I ( go )……… to bed late last night
8) They ( be )……… at the zoo last sunday
9) My friend ( be ) ……… very good at English
10) I ( visit ) ……….the Great Wall in China two years ago
11) She usually ( cycle ) ………to school
12) Everyday, he ( have ) breakfast at 6 and ( go ) ………to work after that
13) They ( go ) ……… to Ho Chi Minh city tomorrow
14) Son ( write ) ……….a letter for his friend last night.15) James Watt ( invent )……… the steam engine
16)There ( be ) ……….a new market here next month.18) There ( be ) ……….4 people in my family
20) I ( meet)……… her last Sunday morning and we ( go )…………shopping together
21.My sister always (wash)……… her hands before meals.22.Hurry up! The train (come)………
23.You must tell me what you (do)……… since I last saw you
24.What you (do)……… at 7 p.m yesterday?
25.Where you (spend) ………your holiday last year?26.All of them (sing) ………when I came
27.Where are you? – I’m upstairs I (have) ………a bath
EXERCISE 3: Supply the correct form or tense of the verbs in brackets
1.Hoa’s teacher wants her (spend) more time on Math
2.I promise I (try) my best next semester
3 You should (underline) the word you want ( learn).4.Nam always (get) grade A for physics but last semester he (get) B so Nam’s teacher asked him (study) harder this semester.5.They were proud of (be) so successful
6.It’s difficult (climb) this mountain
7.You must (take) an umbrella It (rain) now.8.When I was a child, I used (spend) hours playing with a tin box.9.Sandra ought (practice) her English frequently
10.Ann is in hospital.I (visit) him tomorrow
11.Would you like (come) to dinner tomorrow?
=====================================================
Trang 22CHUYÊN ĐỀ 3: Adjectives - Adverbs
(Thời lượng: 2 buổi)
+Teacher's : Lesson plan, reference books, exercise book.
+ Students': notebooks, exercise books, reference books.
+Teacher's : lesson plan, reference books, exercise book.
+ Students': notebooks, exercise books, reference books.
Trang 23I Phân biệt tính từ và trạng từ:
1.Tính từ (Adjective):
a Phân loại tính từ:
Tính từ được chia làm 2 loại là: + tính từ mô tả (descriptive adjective)
+ tính từ giới hạn (limiting adjective)
+Phân từ dùng làm tính từ (Participle functioning as adjective): Có một số tính từ xuất phát từ động từ và tận cùng bằng “-ing” hoặc “-ed”:
Interesting / interested exciting / excited
Boring / bored
Eg If something is boring, it makes you bored
+ Tính từ tận cùng bằng “-ing”: cho biết tính chất công việc, sự việc
Eg The film is very interesting
+ Tính từ tận cùng bằng “-ed”: cho biết trạng thái của người nào
Eg Lan is very interested in English
+ Danh từ dùng làm tính từ (Nouns functioning as adjective):
- Những danh từ có chức năng như tính từ thì luôn luôn ở hình thức số ít Kết hợp giữa “số + danh từ” : luôn có dấu gạch ngang ở giữa
Eg We took a tour that lasted five weeks
→ We took a five – week tour (five weeks có chức năng như một danh từ).
Eg : - He is careful ( Anh Êy cÈn thËn)
+ Đứng sau các động từ liên kết/trạng thái (Có thể có tân ngữ hoặc không)
Eg: He looks happy; He sometimes makes me sad.
*Nếu trong một cụm từ có nhiều tính từ cùng bổ nghĩa cho một danh từ thì thứ tự
các tính từ sẽ như sau: tính từ sở hữu hoặc mạo từ, opinion, size, age, shape,
color, origin, material, purpose Chú ý rằng tính từ sở hữu (my, your, our )
hoặc mạo từ (a, an, the) nếu có thì luôn đi trước các tính từ khác Nếu đã dùng mạo từ thì không dùng tính từ sở hữu và ngược lại Ví dụ về thứ tự sắp xếp các
tính từ:
Article
/possessive
opinion
size age shape color origin material purpose Noun
c Cách thành lập tính từ:
-A+V→adj: Ex:asleep,alive…
-Un/in+adj→adj(neg_meaning): Ex:unhappy,inactive
-V+ed→adj: Ex:learned,pleased…
-N+en→adj(chất liệu): Ex:golden,wooden…
Trang 24-N+ern→adj(chỉ phương hướng): Ex:southern,northern…
-N+ful→adj: Ex:beautiful,halpful…
-N+ish→adj(hơi hơi,có vẽ): Ex:blackish,childish…
-N+like→adj(có vẽ,giống như…): Ex:dreanmlike,fairylike…
-N+ly→adj: Ex:friendly,lovely…
-N/adj+some→adj(chỉ tính cách): Ex:handsome,quarrelsome…
-N+y→adj(chỉ thời tiết): Ex:sunny,rainy…
2 Trạng từ (Adverb).
Trạng từ là những từ dùng để diễn tả tính cách , đặc tính, mức độ, và được dùng
để bổ nghĩa cho động từ, tính từ, trạng từ khác hoặc cho cả câu
a Phân loại trạng từ:
- Trạng từ được chia làm 6 loại sau:
manner happily, luckily how something happens
degree totally, completely how much sth happens, often go
with an adjectivefrequency always, never, often… how often sth happens
time recently, just, … when things happen
place here, there… where things happen
Disjunctive
(quan điểm) hopefully, frankly opinion about things happen
- Các từ sau cũng là trạng từ: so, very, almost, soon, often, fast, rather, well, there, too
b Vị trí của trạng từ:
- Có thể đứng đầu và cuối đều được như các trạng từ chỉ thời gian: yesterday,
last year, tomorrow, daily, lately, …
- Có thể đứng ở vị trí giữa câu Tức là: đứng sau trợ động từ và trước những
động từ khác trong câu như các trạng từ chỉ tần suất, chỉ thể cách.
Ghi chú: Nếu như trong câu có đến 2 trợ động từ thì adverb thường đứng sau
địa điểm Cách thức tần suất thời gian
I walked to the library every day Last month
He flew to London by plane once a week Last year
c
Cách thành lập trạng từ:
-adj+ly→ adv of manner ;
Ex: - quick - quickly (nhanh)
- slow - slowly (chËm)
- careful - carefully ( cÈn thËn)
Trang 25- bad - badly (kém, tồi)
*Note:-Cỏc từ:friendly,lovely,lonely,likely,homely…khụng cú hỡnh thức trạng
từ→ta cú thể thay thế bằng 1 trạng từ tương đương
Ex:likely(dường như)=probadly (cú lẽ)
Friendly(thõn mật)=in a friendly way(một cỏch thõn mật)
Lovely(đỏng yờu)=in a lovely way(1 cỏch đỏng yờu)
-far/fast/hard( adj /adv)
*CÁCH CHỌN TÍNH TỪ VÀ TRẠNG TỪ ĐIỀN VÀO CHỔ TRỐNG:
+ Nhỡn phớa sau chổ trống (kế bờn) nếu gặp DANH TỪ thỡ điền TÍNH TỪ Nếu gặp TÍNH TỪ hoặc ĐỘNG TỪ thỡ điền TRẠNG TỪ
Vớ dụ : I have a … book ( beautiful/beautifully) Nhỡn phớa sau cú book là danh từ
nờn ta điền tớnh từ I have a beautiful book.
It was … done (careful / carefully) Nhỡn phớa sau cú động từ done nờn chọn trạng
từ
It was carefully done
+ Nếu nhỡn phớa sau khụng cú cỏc loại từ trờn thỡ nhỡn từ từ ra phớa trước :
- Nếu gặp ĐỘNG TỪ thỡ chọn TRẠNG TỪ
- Nếu gặp BE, LOOK, FEEL, SEEM, GET, BECOME thỡ chọn TÍNH TỪ
His song is … bad (extreme/extremely) => His song is extremely bad (Cõu này
bạn nhỡn phớa trước thỡ thấy to be, cũn phớa sau thỡ là adjective, thế thỡ bạn chỉ cần nghĩ ngay đến adverb ở giữa, Nhớ : Sau to be + trước Adj = Adv)
She is … (beautiful/beautifully) => She is beautiful (phớa sau khụng cú gỡ hết,
nhỡn từ từ ra trước cú is => dựng tớnh từ)
She was dancing very … (beautiful/beautifully) => She was dancing very
beautifully (phớa sau khụng cú gỡ hết, nhỡn từ từ ra trước cú dancing => dựng
trạng từ)
B EXERCISES:
Exercise1 : Chọn từ đúng trong số hai từ trong ngoặc :
1 John is reading (careful / carefully)
2 He is a (slow / slowly) learner
3 Maria Elena speaks Spanish ( fluently / fluent)
4 Rita plays the violin ( good / well)
5 He was working ( hard / hardly)
6 The sun is ( bright / brightly) today
7 She's a ( fast / fastly ) swimmer
8 You can do this exercise (easily/ easy)
Exercise 2 Write the correct form of the word in parentheses in each sentence
1 The train stopped _ (sudden)
2 I opened the door _ (slow)
3 Sue is very (quiet)
4 Please listen (careful)
5 I understand you (perfect)
6 Be _(careful)
7 It was a (bad) game
8 It’s raining _ (heavy)
9 Out team played (bad)
Trang 2610 Sue speaks very (quiet)
11 Ben is a (fast) runner
12 The bus was (late)
13 She works (hard)
14 She speaks English very _(good)
15 She speaks very (good) English
16 Her English is very (good)
17 I went to bed (early)
18 He was driving _ (dangerous)
19 They came in _ (quiet)
20 I open the door _ (quiet)
21 Why are you _?(angry)
22 Bill is a _ driver He drives (careful)
23 Can you repeat that _?(slow)
24 Why are you always so ?(slow)
25 The party was very (good)
26 Tom didn’t do very (good) in his examinations
27 Jane’s studying (hard) _ for her examinations
28 I don’t remember them very (good) _
29 My brother isn’t very (good) now
30 Don’t eat your dinner so (quick) _
31 Those oranges look very (nice) _
32 They pay their workers very (bad)
33 Please be (quiet)
34 I didn’t sleep _ (good) last night
35 He doesn’t explain things (clear) _
Exercise3 :
1 It has rained continuous for three days
2 Why were you so unfriend when I saw you yesterday?
3 Alice and Stan are happy married
4 Tom’s French isn’t very well but his German is almost fluently
5 Eva lived in Paris for 5 years , so she speaks very well French
6 Everybody there was very colorful dressed
7 Ann likes wearing colorful clothes Sue is terrible upset about losing her job
8 It was reasonable cheaply
9 The driver of the car was serious injured
10.I’m terribly sorry
11.He looked at me so suspicious
12.We waited patiently
13.I didn’t do it intentional
14.Nobody knew he was coming He arrived unexpected
15.My French isn’t very well but I can understand perfectly if people speak slowly and clear
16.I found the flat quite easy
17.Fred studies hard and learns everything good
Trang 2718.They got curiously easy about it.
19.They got the money easy
20 I waited nervous in the waiting room before the interview
Exercise4: Viết lại các câu sausaocho nghĩa t ơng đ ơng với câu đã cho :
1 Mr Hai is a bad driver → Mr Hai drives
2 She is a careless driver → She
3 Hoa is a fast typist → Hoa
4 Mary dances marvellously → Mary is
5 Celine Dion sings well → Celine Dion is
6 Lien is a good English speaker → Lien speaks
7 Mr Linh is a hard worker → Mr Linh
8 Minh is a fast swimmer → Minh swims
9 My father drives well → My father is
10 He runs quickly → He is
11 Lan is a bad English speaker → Lan speaks
12 Mrs Young is a very slow typist → Mrs Young types
13 My mother cooks well → My mother
14 My brother is a skilful soccer player My brother……….
15 Mr Binh ca speak English fluently Mr.Binh is………
Exercise 5: Give correct form of the Word in bracket:
1, What is the (long) of this river ?
2, I want to (long) my trousers They are too short
3, What is the (wide) of your house ?
4, She needs (wide) her knowledge
5, Mr Quang spent his (child) in Cambodia
6, David Beckham is very (fame)
7, He is very rich due to his (fame)
8, This book is very (interest)
9, Ann is interested in (collect) coins
10, She has a big (collect) of stamps
11, She becomes a famous (collect)
12, The door was (lock) you could come in
13, She is a (beauty) girl she also sings (beauty)
14, Don’t use that car It’s (safe)
15, You should pay attention to the (safe) in the kitchen
16, She drives car (safe) She had many accidents
17, They are (different) Their (different) can be realized easily
18, Trung and his brother like (act) movies very much
19, We held many (act) on March 26th
20, Michale Faraday made a lot of (invent) He was a great (invent)
4 Consolidation:
5 Hom ework:
Exercise 1: Give correct form of the Word in bracket:
1, Those clothes are (suit) for cold weather
2,This river is very (danger) for swimmers
3, She drives very (danger)
4, Using this (equip) you can finish the work
5, I can’t find my book It (appear)
6, The (important) of the project made me tense(căng thẳng)
Trang 287,TV is one of the most popular means of (entertain)
8, The (flower) you sent me were (beauty)
9, He is a famous (science)
10, He drives more (slow) than his friends do
11, Learning English is very (use)
12, Do exercise will make you more (health)
13,She feels very (happy) because she doesn’t have any
(friend) in this new town
14,Today is a (beauty) day It is clear and (sun)
15, Do you know the name of the new (study) in our class?
Exercise 2: Give correct form of the Word in bracket:
1, That is the (cheap) one we have got
2, What an (amaze) building!
3, Thankyou very much for a (delight) evening
4, His elder brother works in a factory He is a (work)
5, Would you like to go out tonight ? There is a very (interest) movie on at the Fansland cinema
6, The (shelf) on the left have dictionaries in different languages
7, Words in a dictionary are in (alphabet)
8, Math is a very (importance) subject at school
9, The (library) can help you find books easily
10,Football is one of the popular after – school (active)
11,In Electronics ,we learn to rrepair (house) appliances
12, Nam is very (interest) in computer
13, The (energy) students often play soccer or basketball
14, Walking in the rain gives me (please)
15, Ba will be a (fame) artist one day
Trang 29- Further practice in doing exercises.
II.PREPARATIONS :
+Teacher’s: lesson plan, reference books, exercise book.
+ Students': notebooks, exercise books, reference books.
- Với tớnh từ: S + to be + as + adj + as + noun (danh từ)/pronoun (đại từ)
- Với trạng từ: S + V + as + adv + as + noun (danh từ)/pronoun (đại từ)
Eg : - Nam is as quick as Hai.
- They are as happy as us /we are
Eg : - Mr Ba works as hard as Mr Lam.
* Lu ý :- Trong câu phủ định ta có thể dùng so thay cho as :
Eg : - Mai isn't as tall as her brother
= Mai isn't so tall as her brother
Eg : - I can't play the piano as well as my sister
= I can't play the piano so well as my sister
2/ So sánh hơn:
a Tính từ-trạng từ ngắn(Trạng từ có hình thức giống tính từ)
* Với tính từ ngắn: S + to be + adj + er + than + noun/pronoun
*Trạng từ ngắn: S + V + short adv + er + than + noun / pronoun
Eg : - Hoa is taller than I am/me
= I'm not as tall as Hoa (is)
- It was colder yesterday than (it is) today
Eg : - My brother runs faster than me/I do
= I don't run as fast as my brother
b Tính từ/trạng từ dài:
- Tính từ dài là tính từ có 2 âm tiết trở lên không tận cùng là : y,ow,er:
Eg : tired, expensive, difficult, interesting
- Trạng từ dài là trạng từ có từ 2 âm tiết trở lên hoặc đợc thành lập bằng cách thêm
“ly” vào sau tính từ
Eg: slowly, beautifully…
*Với tính từ: S + to be + more +long adj + than + noun/pronoun
* Với trạng từ: S + V + more + long adv + than + noun/pronoun
Eg : - They are more tired than us = We are not as tired as them.
- This exercise is more difficult than that one
Eg : - Mr Jones drives more carefully than Mr Smith
= Mr Smith doesn't drive as carefully as Mr Jones
3/ So sánh nhất
a Với Tính từ, trạng từ ngắn :
S + to be + the + short-adj + est + (in / of)
S + the + short-adv + est + (in / of)
Eg : - John is the tallest student in his class
= No one in his class is taller than John
= No one in his class is as tall as John
- He drives the fastest in his family
Trang 30= No one in his family drives as fast as he does.
b.Với Tính từ, trạng từ dài:
S + to be + the + most + long-adj + in / of
S + V + the + most + long-adj + in / of
Eg : - Freedom is the most important of all ( Tự do là quan trọng nhất trong số
mọi điều)
= Nothing is more important than freedom
- My father drives the most carefully in our family.
*NOTES:
Một số tính từ bất qui tắc:
- good - better - the best
- bad - worse - the worst
- far - farther / further - the farthest/furthest
- much - more - the most
- many - more - the most
- little - less - the least
Eg : - His English is better than mine = My English isn't as good as his.
Eg : - Sam can speaks French better than me
4 So sỏnh kộp cuả tớnh từ và trạng từ:
a Chỉ cú một tớnh từ hoặc một trạng từ
Với tớnh từ ngắn, chỳng ta sử dụng cụng thức sau:
S + be/V + adj/adv + er + and + adj/adv + er
Chỳng ta hóy cựng nhỡn vào vớ dụ sau:
Vớ dụ : My schoolbag got heavier and heavier.(Cặp đi học của tớ càng ngày
càng nặng)
Với tớnh từ dài, chỳng ta sử dụng cụng thức sau:
S + V + more and more + adj/adv
Chỳng ta cựng nhỡn vào vớ dụ sau:
Vớ dụ: I felt more and more tired (Tụi cảm thấy càng ngày càng mệt).
b Cú 2 tớnh từ hoặc 2 trạng từ
Cụng thức thứ nhất:
The + so sỏnh hơn + S + V, the + so sỏnh hơn + S + V
Vớ dụ 1: The more handsome he is, the happier I am.
Anh ấy càng đẹp trai, tụi càng hạnh phỳc hơn
Vớ dụ 2: The older he is, the more intelligent he becomes.
ễng ấy càng gỡa thỡ càng trở nờn thụng minh
Cụng thức thứ 2: The more + mệnh đề, the more + mệnh đề
Vớ dụ: The more I love him, the more he hates me
Lưu ý: phải cú dấu phấy ngăn cỏch giữa 2 vế.
*Một số lu ý thêm về các câu So sánh
1 Ta có thể dùng much, (by) far , a lot , a little trớc adj và adv trong câu so sánh hơn để nhấn mạnh
Eg : - My bag is much cheaper than my friend's.
- My father swims far better than me
2 Có thể dùng danh từ với câu so sánh
Eg : - I have more books than my sister = My sister doesn't have as many books
as I have
Trang 31- He has more money than his brother = His brother doesn't have as much money as him.
3 Có thể thay danh từ số ít bằng that, danh từ số nhiều bằng those nếu ta không muốn nhắc lại danh từ đó
Eg : - The salary of a professor is higher than that of a teacher ( Lơng của giáo s thì cao hơn của giáo viên) (that = the salary)
- Classes in the college aren't as difficult as those in the university (Those = classes)
4 Có thể dùng twice (2 times), 3, 4 times trong câu so sánh ngang bằng
Eg : - His house is twice as big as my house (Nhà của anh ấy to gấp đôi nhà tôi)
5 The same as đợc sử dụng trong dạng so sánh ngang bằng
Eg : - Ann's salary is as high as Peter's = Ann's salary is the same as Peter's
- Tom is as old as George = Tom is the same age as George (Tom bằng tuổi
Exercise 1 : Dùng từ gợi ý để viết câu ở dạng so sánh ngang bằng :
1 Ha Noi / noisy / Ho Chi Minh City
2 Her shoes / cheap / mine
3 My bag / expensive / his
4 Their house / big / our house
5 I / not / tired / yesterday
6 this pen / good / that one ?
Exercise 2: Dùng từ gợi ý để viết câu ở dạng so sánh hơn :
1 I / short / my brother
2 Hai Duong / small/ Ha noi
3 His shoes / cheap / mine
4 Russia / big / Canada
5 This exercise / easy / that one
6 this car / fast / yours ?
7 Today / cold / yesterday
8 Her shoes / expensive / his
9 Mr Jones / careful / wife
10 Football / popular / table-tennis
11 English / difficult / Chinese ?
12 Spring / pleasant / summer
13 Her car / comfortable / mine
14 His chidren / hard-working / my chidren
15 My friend's bike / good / mine
16 This picture / bad / yours
17 He has / much money / I have
18 My sister / have / many books / me
Exercise 3: Dùng từ gợi ý để viết câu ở dạng so sánh nhất :
1 Russia / large / country/ in the world
2 She / careful pupil / in my class
3 Ronaldinho / good / footballer / in the world
Trang 324 Phil / happy / person / we know.
5 These shoes / expensive / of all
6 Ho Chi Minh City / big city / in Viet Nam
7 This / interesting film / I / ever / see
8 Hoa / pretty / girl / in her group
Exercise 4: ViÕt l¹i c¸c c©u sau, gi÷ nguyªn nghÜa :
1/ No one in my class is more intelligent than Lan → Lan is 2/ We don't know a happier person than him → He is 3/ Nothing is more interesting than football → Football is 4/ Is this the biggest hat you've got ? → Have you got ?5/ Everest is higher than any mountains in the world → Everest is 6/ No one in my class is fatter than Minh → Minh is
7/ Mr Ron is the richest man in our town → No one 8/ No one in my group is better at English than Lan → Lan is
9 / Mai is prettier than her sister → Mai's sister
10 / Hai Duong isn't so noisy as Ha Noi → Ha Noi
11/ My house is smaller than his → His house
12/ English isn't so interesting as biology → Biology is
13 / I'm not as good at English as him → He is 14/ His role is more important than mine → My role
15 / My kitchen is bigger than yours → Your kitchen
16 / I haven't got as much money as you → You have
17 / French is more difficult than English → English
18 / Nam isn't so careful as his father → Nam's father 19/ Jane can swim further than I can → I can't 20/ We didn't do the test as quickly as Linh → Linh did 21/ Peter can't run as fast as Tim → Tim runs 22/ John speaks French more fluently than I do → I cannot
23 Thuy is a more fluent French speaker than Phong → Thuy speaks French 24.He plays football better than me → I don't
25 Mrs Hoa doesn't work as hard as her husband
→ Mrs Hoa 's husband works
26 They answered the teacher's question yesterday more intelligently than us
→ We didn't
27 Hai couldn't listen to the teacher yesterday as attentively as his friend did
→ Hai's friend
28 She runs faster than me → I don't
29 Thanh works harder now than last year → Last year Thanh
30 He doesn't understand the lessons as well as last year → Last year he
31 My sister usually gets up earlier than me → I usually
32 Yesterday, Mr Pike didn't drink as much as Mr Withe
→ Yesterday Mr Withe
33 Tom speaks more persuasively than Bill → Tom is
34 I don't know as much about it as her → She knows
35 Mrs La is a slower and more careful driver than I am → La drives
Trang 3336 Jane is a better cook than Robert → Robert can't
37 He didn't arrive as early as we expected → He arrived
38 This is the most delicious cake I’ve ever tasted.→ I’ve………
39 I’ve never met any more dependable person than George.→ George is……
40 My father can’t speak English as fluently as he used to
→ My father used to………
Exercise 5: Hoàn thành các câu sau theo mẫu
Eg: It's becoming harder and harder to find a job.(hard)
1/ That hole in your pullover is getting (big)
2/ As I waited for my interview, I became (nervous)
3/ As the day went on, the weather got (bad)
4/ Travelling is becoming (expensive)
5/ Since she has been in Britain, her English has got (good)
4
Consolidation:
5 Homework:
Exercise 1: Hoàn thành các câu sau theo mẫu
Eg: I like warm weather The warmer the weather , the better I feel (feel)
1 I didn't really like him at first But the more I got to know him, (like) 2/ She had to wait a very long time The longer she waited,
(impatient/become)
3/ If you use more electricity, your bill will be higher The more electricity you use, (high)
Exercise 2: Chọn từ đúng trong số các từ đã cho :
1 This car is as expensive as our car
a double b twice c much d a lot
2 The harder she works, the money she earns
a better b much c more d less
3 The you are, the it is to concentrate
a more tired / more hard b more tired/ harder
c tired / hard d tired / hardly
4 The she waited, the she became
a more long / more impatient b longer / impatient
c long / more impatient d longer / more impatient
5 The standard of living in Canada is higher in many countries
a than that b as that c than those d as those
6 My boss is very young He's than I am
a younger 10 years b 10 years more young
c 10 years younger d 10 years young
7 Life in Hai Phong is expensive than that in Hai Duong
a a little more b a little much c far much d more a lot
8 What do you think about the parks in London ? Are they bigger in Ha Noi ?
a than that b than those c as that d as those
9 pollution is being produced nowadays
a Much and much b Many and many
c Better and better d More and more
10 The you spend learning, your study result will be
a much time / the best b more time / the good
c more time / the better d better time / the well
11 Is your weight Hoa's
a the same as b as the same c the same like d like the same
Trang 34+Teacher’s: lesson plan, reference books, exercise book.
+ Students': notebooks, exercise books, reference books.
III.TEACHING PROCEDURES:
1.Class organization:
2.Check - up:
3.Content:
Practice test on adjectives and adverbs
I Fill in the correct form of the words in brackets (comparative or
superlative).
1 My suitcase is (large) than your suitcase
2 This scarf (beautiful) than the one in the window
3 The palace Hotel was (expensive) than the Grosvenor
4 John is a (good) gardener than Stuart
5 They are not going to the (bad) hotel
6 The palace is the (expensive) hotel
7 John is the (good) gardener
8 These are the (beautiful) colours
9 Mr.Smith is (bad) today than yesterday
10 People say that Chinese is (difficult) to learn than English
11 My house is (big) ……… than yours
12 This flower is (beautiful) ……… than that one
13 This is the (interesting) ………book I have ever read
14 Non-smokers usually live (long) ……… than smokers
15 Which is the (dangerous) ……… animal in the world?
16 A holiday by the sea is (good) ……….than a holiday in the mountains
17 It is strange but often a coke is (expensive) ……….than a beer
18 Who is the (rich) ……….woman on earth?
Trang 3519 The weather this summer is even (bad) ………than last summer.
20 He was the (clever) ……….thief of all
II Complete each of the following sentences with the words in brackets:
1 Can't you think of anything _(intelligent) to say?
2 Well, the place looks _(clean) now
3 Janet looks thinner (thin) than she did
4 You need to draw it _more careful _(carefully)
5 The weather is getting _ (bad)
6 The programme will be shown at a (late) date
7 I can't stay (long) than half an hour
8 A mobile phone would be a _ (useful) present
9 I'll try to finish the job (soon)
10 It was _ (busy) than usual in town today
11 I'll be even _ (annoyed) if you do that again
12 Since the break-in I feel (nervous)
13 Lan sings ( sweet ) than Hoa
14 Mai is _ ( tall ) of the four girls
15 Your accent is _ ( bad ) mine
16 There was a storm yesterday Today, the weather’s _ ( beautiful )
17 He runs _ ( fast ) of all
18 Which one of the three books do you think is _ ( interesting ) ?
19 Which hotel is _ ( far ) from the airport, The Renaissance or TheCamellia
20 That was (funny) film I've ever seen
III Rewrite these sentences in the same meaning.
1 This is the most delicious cake I’ve ever tasted
Trang 3623 Thuy is a more fluent French speaker than Phong
→ Thuy speaks French
24.He plays football better than me
→ I don't
25 Mrs Hoa doesn't work as hard as her husband
→ Mrs Hoa 's husband works
26 They answered the teacher's question yesterday more intelligently than us
29 Thanh works harder now than last year
→ Last year Thanh
30 He doesn't understand the lessons as well as last year
Trang 3740 My father can’t speak English as fluently as he used to.
→ My father used to………
IV: Rewrite these sentences using double comparison:
1 They are big; they fall fast
2 It is hot; I feel miserable
3 I look into your eyes much; I love you much
4 He got old; he became bad-tempered
5 He worked hard He felt very bad
6 When we think of the exam; we get more and more excited
7 As this road gets busier; it becomes more and more dangerous
8 When you get near to the Equator; the temperature becomes high
9 If she stays in England a long time; her English will be very good
10 You write fast; your writing becomes illegible
V Write complete sentences using the suggested words:
1 (Miss Bennet / short / her brother James)
Trang 389 (Miss Bennet / slim / her brother)
………10.(Her brother / fat / Miss Bennet)
………
CHUYÊN ĐỀ 4: VERBS AND MODAL VERBS
Thời lượng: 3 buổi
+Teacher’s: lesson plan, reference books, exercise book.
+ Students': notebooks, exercise books, reference books.
+Teacher’s: lesson plan, reference books, exercise book.
+ Students': notebooks, exercise books, reference books.
I Bare infinitive: (bare) động từ nguyên mẫu không To
Đây là động từ nguyên thể không đi kèm với to (infinitive without to) và được
sử dụng trong các trường hợp sau :
1/ Dùng sau các động từ khuyết thiếu (Modal verbs) như : can, could, may,
might, must, ought to…
- You may go now
- They must finish the work by now
2/ Dùng sau các động từ : HAVE, LET, MAKE, HELP…
- I helped the child tidy his desk
- He had a painter paint the gate
- They let him enter the room without a ticket
Trang 39- My parents make me go to bed early.
3/ Dùng sau BUT, EXCEPT với nghĩa “ngoại trừ”
- Why don’t you do anything but complain?
- She agreed to do everything but help him with the homework
4/ Dùng sau các động từ chỉ giác quan như : see, watch, hear, notice, smell, feel, taste
- We heard them sing all morning.
- He saw the thief enter the hall.
Chú ý : như ta đã biết hiện tại phân từ (present participle) có thể được dùng cho
các động từ trên để diễn tả hành động đang tiếp diễn Còn động từ nguyên thểdùng trong trường hợp này chỉ hành động đã hoàn tất
V (bare) → hành động đã xong
S + V + object
V(ing) → hành động đang diễn ra
- I watched them playing football for a while (trận đấu vẫn đang tiếp diễn)
- I watched them play football yesterday afternoon (xem toàn bộ trận đấu)
5/ Causative form (Thể sai khiến – dạng chủ động):
S + have + object (chỉ người) + V(bare)
Eg: I had the mechanic repair my car last week
II To infinitive (V1) động từ nguyên mẫu có To)
Động từ nguyên mẫu thường có giới từ to đứng trước (to do, to learn, to help, toadvise…) và được dùng trong những trường hợp sau :
1/ Làm chủ ngữ (subject), tân ngữ (object) hoặc bổ ngữ (complement) trong câu :
- To conceal the truth from her was foolish
- He wanted to become a spaceman
- What he asked for is to be left alone
2/ Làm tính từ bổ nghĩa cho danh từ :
- He was the first man to leave the room
- English is an important language to master
3/ Làm trạng từ diễn tả các nội dung sau :
* Mục đích của hành động
- He went to the station to meet her
- He bought a dictionary to study English
* Kết quả, hậu quả (sau TOO +Adj / Adv)
- She is too tired to go for a walk
- The box was too heavy for her to carry
* Hiệu quả (sau Adj / Adv + ENOUGH)
- I’m strong enough to carry that heavy box
- He isn’t rich enough to travel everywhere by taxi
4/ Dùng sau một số động từ nhất định (không có tân ngữ: V + to_inf) như : afford, agree, arrange, decide, demand, expect, fail, hope, intend, learn,
Trang 40manage, need, offer, plan, pretend, promise,refuse, threaten, want, wish, would like…
- They promised to come back soon
- He can’t afford to take a taxi
5/ Dùng sau một số động từ có tân ngữ (verb + obj + to inf) như : advise, allow, ask, beg, encourage, expect, forbid, force, help, invite, order, permit, persuade, prefer, remind, teach, tell, want, warn…
- They don’t allow us to smoke in the office
- I taught myself to play the guitar
6/ Dùng sau các từ hỏi (question words) : what / where/ who / whom/ which/
when / how …………
Eg; He showed me what to do
+ Chú ý : Một số động từ có thể theo sau bởi danh động từ hoặc động từ
nguyên mẫu nhưng có sự khác biệt về nghĩa trong câu.
(*) Remember + gerund : nhớ lại việc đã thực hiện.
- I remember posting the letter.
Remember + to infinitive : nhớ để thực hiện.
- I remember to post the letter.
(*) Stop + gerund : ngưng thực hiện việc đang làm.
- She stopped mending the dress.
Stop + to infinitive : ngưng làm một việc gì khác để làm việc này.
- He stopped to have a drink.
(*) Try + gerund : thử làm việc gì
- I try writing in blue ink to see if my handwriting is better.
Try + to infinitive : cố gắng làm việc gì.
- They tried to work as hard as they could.
(*) Mean + gerund : mang ý nghĩa.
- Failure in the exam means having to learn one more year.
Mean + to infinitive : dự định làm việc gì.
- He means to take the coming exam.
(*) Forget + gerund : quên điều gì đã xảy ra.
- I forgot telling her this story.
Forget + to infinitive : quên làm điều gì.
- I forgot to tell her about this.
(*) Regret + gerund : hối tiếc việc đã xảy ra.
- She regrets going to a village school.
Regret + to infinitive : hối tiếc sẽ làm việc gì.
- The party was great He regretted not to go there.