Scott Foresman Reading Street provides over 600 leveled readers that help children become better readers and build a lifelong love of reading. The Reading Street leveled readers are engaging texts that help children practice critical reading skills and strategies. They also provide opportunities to build vocabulary, understand concepts, and develop reading fluency. The leveled readers were developed to be ageappropriate and appealing to children at each grade level. The leveled readers consist of engaging texts in a variety of genres, including fantasy, folk tales, realistic fiction, historical fiction, and narrative and expository nonfiction. To better address reallife reading skills that children will encounter in testing situations and beyond, a higher percentage of nonfiction texts is provided at each grade.
Trang 1American Giants The Chicago
by Ellen B Cutler
Scott Foresman Reading Street 5.1.4
ISBN 0-328-13511-9 ì<(sk$m)=bdfbba< +^-Ä-U-Ä-U
Genre Comprehension
Skills and Strategy Text Features Expository
nonfi ction
• Sequence of Events
• Generalize
• Ask Questions
• Captions
• Map
• Time Line
• Glossary
Suggested levels for Guided Reading, DRA, ™
Lexile, ® and Reading Recovery ™ are provided
in the Pearson Scott Foresman Leveling Guide.
by Ellen B Cutler
Scott Foresman Reading Street 5.1.4
ISBN 0-328-13511-9 ì<(sk$m)=bdfbba< +^-Ä-U-Ä-U
Genre Comprehension
Skills and Strategy Text Features Expository
nonfi ction
• Sequence of Events
• Generalize
• Ask Questions
• Captions
• Map
• Time Line
• Glossary
Suggested levels for Guided Reading, DRA, ™
Lexile, ® and Reading Recovery ™ are provided
in the Pearson Scott Foresman Leveling Guide.
Trang 21 Using a graphic organizer like the one below, place
the following sequence of events in the correct order:
Rube Foster and others form the Negro National League; Professional African American teams begin forming; Jackie Robinson plays his first game as
a Brooklyn Dodger; The Baseball Hall of Fame is established; The Eastern Colored League is formed
2 Pretend that you are on a field trip to the Baseball
Hall of Fame What questions about the Negro leagues would you have for the people who run the museum?
3 Three of this book’s vocabulary words are compound
words, or words made up of two smaller words Which ones are they? Use them in sentences
4 How did the time line on pages 18 and 19 help you
to understand both the history of baseball and the history of African Americans playing the sport?
Reader Response American Giants The Chicago
by Ellen B Cutler
Editorial Offices: Glenview, Illinois • Parsippany, New Jersey • New York, New York Sales Offices: Needham, Massachusetts • Duluth, Georgia • Glenview, Illinois
Coppell, Texas • Ontario, California • Mesa, Arizona
Trang 3Every effort has been made to secure permission and provide appropriate credit for
photographic material The publisher deeply regrets any omission and pledges to
correct errors called to its attention in subsequent editions.
Unless otherwise acknowledged, all photographs are the property of Scott Foresman,
a division of Pearson Education.
Photo locators denoted as follows: Top (T), Center (C), Bottom (B), Left (L), Right (R),
Background (Bkgd)
Opener: Getty Images; 1 National Baseball Hall of Fame; 3 Corbis; 4 Corbis; 5 Corbis;
6 National Baseball Hall of Fame; 7 National Baseball Hall of Fame; 8 National Baseball
Hall of Fame; 9 National Baseball Hall of Fame; 10 National Baseball Hall of Fame;
11 (L) National Baseball Hall of Fame, (R) National Baseball Hall of Fame; 13 (Bkgd)
National Baseball Hall of Fame, (C) Corbis; 14 Getty Images; 15 Corbis; 16 Corbis; 17
Associated Press, Getty Images; 18 National Baseball Hall of Fame
ISBN: 0-328-13511-9
Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc
All Rights Reserved Printed in the United States of America This publication is
protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher
prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission
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Scott Foresman, 1900 East Lake Avenue, Glenview, Illinois 60025.
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 V0G1 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05
3
“Batter up!”
A player from the Chicago American Giants stepped to the plate He was ready to take a pitch
His hands were wrapped around the narrow neck of the bat His feet were planted apart and firm on the ground He fixed his eyes on the pitcher Behind him,
the catcher gave the sign for a fastball.
The crowd settled into the rickety stands made from old boards A few voices could be heard over
the creaking of seats They were mocking the visitors
and yelling words of praise to their hometown team
Trang 4“Strike ‘em out!” they called to the pitcher “That
batter can’t hit the broad side of a barn!”
The Giants talked quietly among themselves They
paid no attention to the words coming from the
stands They weren’t worried The man they called
“Home Run” was at bat
5
The pitcher began his windup His arms came in
His knee rose up The ball whipped toward home plate in a straight line
WHACK!
The batter drove the fastball high into the sky It fell to the ground beyond the bases It rolled into
the deep grass at the edge of the outfield
Trang 5Before 1947 barnstorming was a way of life for
most African American players Barnstorming is
traveling from one small town to another It could be
a hard life Good barnstorming teams attracted large
crowds however Teams such as the Indianapolis
ABCs, New York’s Lincoln Giants, and the Hildale
Daisies from Darby, Pennsylvania, were well-known
barnstormers Their opponents included college
teams, amateurs, and other barnstormers
Rube Foster and the Chicago American Giants
7
The first season for the Chicago American Giants started in 1911
The Giants’ manager was Andrew
“Rube” Foster He had played baseball for more than twenty years He was a pitcher famous for his screwball It was
a tricky pitch that was hard for batters
to hit At seventeen Foster had joined
a Texas team called the Waco Yellow Jackets
Trang 6Rube Foster knew a lot about the game He
had a good head for business Most of all, he
had confidence in the future of African American
baseball Foster and a group of team owners and
managers created the Negro National League (NNL)
in 1920 The owners and managers decided that
Rube Foster would be the league’s first president
This father of Negro baseball was named to the
Baseball Hall of Fame in 1981
9
The Chicago American Giants became one of the best teams in the NNL They barnstormed America in
a private railroad car They were stars in the African American community African American newspapers were filled with stories about them Their home field was a five-thousand-seat park on Chicago’s south side
Trang 7Foster had put together a great team for the 1911 season It was
hard to spot a weakness
at any of the positions A few of the team members were among the best players in baseball
Grant “Home Run”
Johnson had played under Foster before He played
in the infield when Foster managed the Philadelphia Giants He worked at both shortstop and second base
Home Run was a hitter who could blast the ball over the fence This is how he got his nickname
He was well liked by the other players He had been a baseball star for nearly thirty years when
he finally retired
Home Run Johnson
11
Willie Foster was Rube Foster’s half-brother He was also a star pitcher for the Chicago American Giants for more than a decade Foster helped the Giants win the Colored World Series in 1926 and 1927 He
is considered by many to have been the best left-handed pitcher to ever play in the Negro leagues
After retiring, Willie Foster became a coach at Alcorn State College He was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1996
Willie Foster
Trang 8One of the greatest players to ever take the field
for the Chicago American Giants was John Henry
“Pop” Lloyd In his later years, Lloyd became a team
manager He was able to give young players a feeling
of confidence
Pop Lloyd started out as a catcher Later he played
shortstop and then first base Lloyd was tall, thin, and
fast He ran so smoothly that people were tricked
They thought he was was not running very fast, but
he was! Pop Lloyd played baseball for at least twelve
different teams He was asked why he changed teams
so often He said, “Where the money was, that’s
where I played.”
Lloyd was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame
in 1977 Some people have called him the greatest
baseball player of all time
13
Pop Lloyd
Trang 9Other African American baseball leagues were
founded throughout the 1920s and 1930s The
leading teams from different African American
leagues met for World Series championships During
the 1930s there were East-West All-Star Games as
well In the winter months many of the players
traveled south to play baseball They went to Mexico,
Cuba, and the Dominican Republic
Cuba
Dominican Republic Mexico
15
Year after year, the Chicago American Giants were one of the best teams of the Negro leagues They won titles in 1920, 1921, and 1922 In 1926 and 1927 they won the Colored World Series
After the end of the NNL in 1931, the Chicago American Giants played for the Negro Southern League Then they played for the Negro American League Over the years the Giants changed their name They remained one of the greatest teams in the Negro leagues In 1952 the American Giants, as they were called at that time, played their last game
Center fielder Art Pennington, left fielder Herman Andrews, and third baseman Alex Radcliffe of the Chicago American Giants.
Trang 10The game of baseball provides a unique look into
American culture The integration of baseball was a
symbol for the changes in American society
From 1887 until 1947, African Americans and
whites played baseball on separate teams and in
separate leagues Then Jackie Robinson was brought
in from the Kansas City Monarchs of the Negro
American League to play for the Brooklyn Dodgers
Other major league teams were later integrated
The Negro National League that Rube Foster
helped found in 1920 closed its doors in 1931 The
Negro American League, begun in 1937, played its
final games in 1960
The Brooklyn Dodgers’ signing of Jackie Robinson (shown with
Bob Morgan) began the integration of major league baseball.
17
Nine former players from the Negro leagues and early African American teams were elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame during the 1970s This was done in order to recognize these great men in baseball Since then, many other African Americans have been elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame
Cool Papa Bell (left) and Josh Gibson (right), were among the first Negro league players inducted to the Baseball Hall of Fame.
Trang 111820s and 1830s: A game
similar to baseball develops
in America, gaining
widespread popularity.
1845: The Knickerbocker Club of New York publishes the first set of rules for the game of baseball.
1871: The first professional
league, the National
Association of Professional
Baseball Players, is formed.
1880s: Professional African American teams begin forming.
1907: Pitcher Andrew
“Rube” Foster begins a
career as a player/manager
with the Leland Giants.
1911: Rube Foster forms the Chicago American Giants with partner John Schorling.
1924: The NNL and ECL play
their first World Series.
1936: The Baseball Hall of Fame is established.
1820
1870
1900
1924
African Americans and Baseball in America
19
1862: The Union Grounds, the first fully enclosed baseball park, is built in Brooklyn, New York.
1869: The first professional team, the Cincinnati Red Stockings, is formed.
1885: New York’s Cuban Giants become the first African American baseball players to receive salaries.
1887: The International League bans teams with white players from signing contracts with African American players.
1920: Rube Foster and others form the Negro National League (NNL).
1923: The Eastern Colored League (ECL) is founded.
1947: Jackie Robinson plays his first game as a Brooklyn Dodger on April 15.
1960: The Negro American League, the last of the Negro leagues, ends.
1870
1900
1924
1960
Trang 12Glossary
confidence n firm belief
in yourself
fastball n pitch thrown at
a high speed
mocking v laughing at;
making fun of
outfield n the part of a
baseball field beyond the
diamond or infield
unique adj having no like
or equal; being the only one of its kind
weakness n a weak
point; slight fault
windup n a swinging
movement of the arms while twisting the body just before pitching the ball
1 Using a graphic organizer like the one below, place
the following sequence of events in the correct order:
Rube Foster and others form the Negro National League; Professional African American teams begin forming; Jackie Robinson plays his first game as
a Brooklyn Dodger; The Baseball Hall of Fame is established; The Eastern Colored League is formed
2 Pretend that you are on a field trip to the Baseball
Hall of Fame What questions about the Negro leagues would you have for the people who run the museum?
3 Three of this book’s vocabulary words are compound
words, or words made up of two smaller words Which ones are they? Use them in sentences
4 How did the time line on pages 18 and 19 help you
to understand both the history of baseball and the history of African Americans playing the sport?
Reader Response