Bộ sách Scott Foresman reading street grade 5 advance gồm các quyển sau: 5.1.1 This Is the Way We Go to School 5.1.2 Forecasting the Weather (Earth Science) 5.1.3 Harvesting Medicine on the Hill 5.1.4 African American Athletes (Social Studies) 5.1.5 The Land of Opportunity (Social Studies) 5.2.1 When the Disaster Is Over (Social Studies) 5.2.2 A Safe Heaven (Social Studies) 5.2.3 Making Friends in Mali 5.2.4 Saving Endangered Species (Life Science) 5.2.5 The National Guard Modern Minutemen (Social Studies) 5.3.1 The Patent Process (Social Studies) 5.3.2 The Inspiration of Art (Social Studies) 5.3.3 Whats New with Dinosaur Fossils (Life Science) 5.3.4 Music Gets the Blues (Social Studies) 5.3.5 Hollywood Special Effects (Social Studies) 5.4.1 Cheaper, Faster, Better Recent Technological Innovations (Social Studies) 5.4.2 Feel, Think, Move (Life Science) 5.4.3 A Home for Humans in Outer Space Is It Possible? (Space and Technology) 5.4.4 Nathaniel Comes to Town 5.4.5 What Makes Great Athletes? (Social Studies) 5.5.1 The Sandwich Brigade 5.5.2 Inventions from Space Travel (Space and Technology) 5.5.3 Astronauts and Cosmonauts (Space and Technology) 5.5.4 The Shaping of the Continents (Earth Science) 5.5.5 Journey to Statehood (Social Studies) 5.6.1 Oceans of Resources (Social Studies) 5.6.2 MixedUp Vegetables (Life Science) 5.6.3 From Salt to Silk Precious Goods (Social Studies) 5.6.4 Flying into the 21st Century 5.6.5 Unexpected Music (Social Studies)
Trang 1Scott Foresman Reading Street 5.1.1
Suggested levels for Guided Reading, DRA, ™
Lexile, ® and Reading Recovery ™ are provided
in the Pearson Scott Foresman Leveling Guide.
ISBN 0-328-13504-6 ì<(sk$m)=bdfaec< +^-Ä-U-Ä-U
This Is the Way
We Go to School
by Colin Kong illustrated by Burgandy Beam
Genre Comprehension
Skills and Strategy
Realistic
fi ction
• Character and Plot
• Graphic Sources
• Prior Knowledge
Scott Foresman Reading Street 5.1.1
Suggested levels for Guided Reading, DRA, ™
Lexile, ® and Reading Recovery ™ are provided
in the Pearson Scott Foresman Leveling Guide.
ISBN 0-328-13504-6 ì<(sk$m)=bdfaec< +^-Ä-U-Ä-U
This Is the Way
We Go to School
by Colin Kong illustrated by Burgandy Beam
Genre Comprehension
Skills and Strategy
Realistic
fi ction
• Character and Plot
• Graphic Sources
• Prior Knowledge
Trang 2Reader Response
1 What did you think of Miss Jacobson? Did you think
she was successful at getting her students interested
in history? Why?
2 What did you know about segregation before you
read this book? What do you know now? What other things about it would you like to know? Use a chart like this to record your answers
3 Look up the word segregation What verb is the word segregation related to? What does it mean?
4 If you were Jeffrey, what do you think you could have
done to get a better education?
What We Know What We Want to Know
Editorial Offices: Glenview, Illinois • Parsippany, New Jersey • New York, New York Sales Offices: Needham, Massachusetts • Duluth, Georgia • Glenview, Illinois
Coppell, Texas • Ontario, California • Mesa, Arizona
This Is the Way
We Go to School
by Colin Kong illustrated by Burgandy Beam
Trang 3Every effort has been made to secure permission and provide appropriate credit for
photographic material The publisher deeply regrets any omission and pledges to
correct errors called to its attention in subsequent editions.
Unless otherwise acknowledged, all photographs are the property of Scott Foresman,
a division of Pearson Education.
Illustrations by Burgandy Beam
Photograph 24 Corbis
ISBN: 0-328-13504-6
Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc
All Rights Reserved Printed in the United States of America This publication is
protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher
prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission
in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or
likewise For information regarding permission(s), write to: Permissions Department,
Scott Foresman, 1900 East Lake Avenue, Glenview, Illinois 60025.
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 V0G1 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05
3
Miss Jacobson sat at her desk and looked around
at her students “Class,” she said, “I’ve decided to stop being the teacher for a few days.”
“What?” Ben said, from the first row
“Ben!” said Miss Jacobson “Please raise your hand before speaking.”
Ben raised his hand “Yes, Ben?” said Miss Jacobson
“Miss Jacobson,” Ben said, “if you’re not going to
be our teacher, who is?”
“You are,” Miss Jacobson said “Six of you Next week, there will be three presentations, each given
by two students The presentations will be about the history of education in America The first will be about a child going to school in 1725 The second will be about a child going to school in 1830 And the third will be about a child in 1925 Now, I need six students Do I have any volunteers?”
Trang 4On Monday morning of the next week, Miss
Jacobson smiled at her sleepy students “Don’t you
all look bright-eyed and bushy-tailed,” she said
“Come on up, Lizzie and Haley, and tell us about
American education in 1725!”
Lizzie and Haley came to the front of the room
“Okay, everyone,” Lizzie said “Imagine the year is
1725, and we’re in a little town in Connecticut Now,
imagine a girl named Katie who is eleven years old,
and her family—”
“What does she look like?” Ben asked, from the
front row
“I have no idea,” Lizzie said “It doesn’t matter.”
“Is she tall or is she short?” Ben asked
“Ben,” Miss Jacobson said sternly “You can
imagine Katie to look however you want her to.”
Lizzie cleared her throat “Anyway,” she said,
“Katie’s eleven years old, and her family lives on a small
farm Life on the farm is hard for Katie and her family
because, most of the time, they’re working Katie has
so many chores that it feels as if they never end And
here to tell you about Katie’s chores is Haley!”
5
“If you think Katie has a lot of outside chores,”
Haley said, “just wait until you hear about her inside chores Along with her mother, Katie has to do all the cooking and cleaning Cooking in 1725 is a lot more complicated than it is today They don’t have refrigerators or freezers, so they have to add salt
to the meats to make them last longer They make their own bread and jam, and then when they’re finished cooking, they move on to the sewing, knitting, and mending.”
Trang 5“But I thought—” Ben started
“Ben,” said Miss Jacobson “Aren’t you forgetting
something?”
Ben raised his hand
“Yes, Ben?” said Miss Jacobson
“But I thought this report was supposed to be
about Katie’s education,” Ben said
“We’re getting to that,” Haley said “We’re trying
to make the point that Katie was so busy that she
didn’t have a lot of time for her education.”
“Oh!” Ben said “That’s smart of you.”
“Thank you,” Haley said “When Katie was
younger, she was educated at home by her mother
Her mother taught her lessons in etiquette, behavior,
and manners She also taught Katie to knit, sew, and
how to manage household expenses But most of all,
she taught Katie about religion Lizzie, will you tell
us why Katie’s mother taught her about religion?”
7
“Sure thing,” Lizzie said “In colonial New England, parents strongly believed in teaching their children religion They wanted their children to be educated so that they could understand religious texts on their own In fact, the first books Katie learns to read are religious books Later, she is allowed to read books that aren’t about religion But first, Haley, why don’t you explain how Katie learns
to read?”
Haley nodded “Once she’s old enough,” Haley said, “Katie goes to a kind of school called a dame school, which is for girls only Dame schools get their name because they’re run by respected women of the town who are called ‘dames.’ Katie pays a penny
a day to attend The school meets in the teacher’s home, so the students don’t have desks or chairs like
we do They don’t have maps or chalkboards either,”
Haley said, looking around the classroom
Trang 6“Thank you, Haley,” said Lizzie “At the dame
school, Katie learns more of the same type of things
she’s been taught by her mother She doesn’t really
get the formal education her brothers will get.”
“What do her brothers get?” Ben started, and
then stopped “Oops,” he said, and raised his hand
“We’ll tell you in a minute,” Lizzie said, “after
we tell you more about the dame school Katie’s
teacher focuses on knitting, sewing, and etiquette
She teaches the girls basic math and reading By the
way,” Lizzie added, “in 1725, not all girls went to
dame schools Girls from the wealthiest families were
taught by governesses And now, we have something
that will make Ben very happy Haley, will you tell us
what Katie’s brothers are doing in their school?”
“In colonial New England,” Haley said, “boys
receive a better education than girls They also
stay in school a few years longer The boys go to a
primary school that’s run by the town.”
9
“In the town’s primary school,” Haley continued,
“Katie’s brothers learn to read, spell, write, and do simple arithmetic Most of their learning comes from something called the hornbook The hornbook is a paper sheet with lessons written on it, attached to a board Some schools also use something called the
New England Primer, which is a book that combines
the lessons of the hornbook with religious teachings.”
“Of course, life is different for the wealthy boys in Connecticut,” said Lizzie “These boys can afford quills, paper, and books, which are extremely expensive in 1725 Their parents pay private tutors to teach them Greek, Latin, science, algebra, geometry, geography, and history These boys have a lot
of opportunity and many of them go on to take entrance tests for college They receive the fanciest educations of anyone at the time.”
“And that’s our presentation!” said Haley
“Superb!” said Miss Jacobson “Thank you, Lizzie and Haley!”
The class clapped wildly “Bravo!” yelled Ben
Trang 7Education in the New England Colonies
The New England colonies of Massachusetts and
Connecticut developed town schools and grammar
schools that emphasized New England’s Puritan
background Education was very important to the
Puritans School was usually held for only four
months of the year Reading and writing were
taught so children could learn to read religious texts
Education in the Middle Colonies
The middle colonies of New York, New Jersey,
Pennsylvania, and Delaware developed different
kinds of schools, based on the different cultures,
languages, and beliefs in each colony Schools run
by people of Irish, Dutch, and German backgrounds
were established in the middle colonies The
Quakers, who settled in the Philadelphia area,
strongly believed in education and were the first to
start public schools in the middle colonies
Education in the Southern Colonies
The Southern colonies of Virginia, Maryland,
Georgia, and North and South Carolina did not
provide much formal schooling Wealthy plantation
owners would pay to have private tutors or a local
minister teach their sons Some plantation owners
sent their sons to England for schooling Children of
poor families and the children of enslaved people
did not get much education
11
Trang 8The next morning, Miss Jacobson stood behind
her podium “Class,” she said, “today Greg and
Jamie are going to take us back to the year 1830,
and teach us about education in nineteenth century
Massachusetts Greg and Jamie, are you ready?”
Greg and Jamie came to the front of the room
“Okay,” Greg said “I’ll start It is now the year
1830 Our hero is named Tim Like Katie from
yesterday, Tim is eleven years old He and his family
live in a large town in Massachusetts Tim’s family
runs a small general store, and they make a good
living as a middle class family Tim is still too young
to help out with the family business, so instead, his
job is to go to school and get a good education His
family wants him to learn how to read well, so he
can study religious texts.”
“Yes,” Jamie said “Like Katie in 1725, religious
texts are important to Tim in 1830 Now, because
Tim is growing up in a large town, it’s pretty easy for
him and his siblings to go to school Massachusetts
was the first state to pass a law requiring public
education The law said that towns with fifty families
or more had to provide a school for the education of
the children
13
“By the time Tim is ready to go to school, there are lots of schools to choose from in Massachusetts There are expensive private schools There are less expensive schools for the middle class There are free charity schools for the poor And there’s a new type of school called ‘public school,’ which the government pays for That’s the school Tim goes to He’s been going
to public school since he turned eight Now that he’s eleven, he’s one of the oldest students in the school
Greg, want to describe the school?”
Trang 9“Sure, Jamie,” Greg said “Tim goes to school in a
one-room schoolhouse There are twelve students in
the school, both boys and girls They sit at wooden
desks, on wooden chairs The teacher’s desk is at
the front The classroom is small, but there’s enough
room for the desks, a bookshelf, a fireplace, and a
closet at the back for hanging coats The younger
students sit at the front because they need more
help and attention from the teacher The older
students sit at the back There’s only one teacher,
but sometimes she picks one of the older kids to
help teach the younger kids Sometimes she calls on
Tim to help Tim likes school, and he does well at his
lessons Jamie, what does Tim learn in school?”
“Well, Greg,” said Jamie, “I’m glad you asked Tim
learns how to read, write, and spell He also learns
arithmetic, history, geography, and science Every day
he’s supposed to memorize a lesson for homework.”
15
Jamie continued, “Tim’s public school is only open for six months at a time During the rest of the year, Tim’s father teaches him the family business Tim’s family hopes he’ll be able to help run the store when he’s older.”
“What about—” Ben said
“Ben!” called Miss Jacobson Ben raised his hand
“Yes, Ben?” Miss Jacobson said
“What about Tim’s sisters?” Ben asked “Do they
go to dame school?”
“No,” said Greg, “they go to public school just like Tim Girls were better educated in the 1830s than they were in the 1720s Some of them went to high school, and some of them even studied to become teachers However, there were still kids who couldn’t afford the lunches, clothes, and school supplies they needed to go to public school African American children weren’t even allowed to go to school.”
“So,” said Jamie, “education in New England improved a lot from 1725 to 1830, but there were still a lot of changes that needed to be made.”
Greg and Jamie bowed grandly, and the class cheered “Thank you, boys!” Miss Jacobson said
Trang 1016 17
The next morning, Miss Jacobson called Ben and Sofia to the front of the room “Are you ready to tell
us about education in the 1920s?” she asked
“We’re ready,” Ben said “And don’t worry, no one will interrupt this presentation so it’s going to
be great!”
“Okay,” Miss Jacobson chuckled “Go ahead.”
Ben paused dramatically When he spoke, he spoke in a whisper “The year, 1925 The place, Mississippi The boy, Jeffrey.”
“For goodness sake, Ben,” Sofia said “No one can even hear you.”
“Okay, okay,” Ben said in a normal voice “We’re here to tell you about a boy named Jeffrey who’s eleven years old It is 1925, and Jeffrey lives in Mississippi.”
“Now,” said Sofia, “this story we’re going to tell you today will be very different from Katie’s or Tim’s While New England was an industrial society, the South was a farming society, which meant that the houses were farther apart, separated by fields
Southern towns were much more spread out than towns in New England.”
Trang 11“Thank you, Sofia,” Ben said “I couldn’t have
said it better myself Now, class, because the towns
in the South were so spread out, it was hard for
people to create schools People lived too far apart
to use the New England method of having one
school for every fifty families Also, for a long time,
the Southern states had much less money to spend
on schools, and families had less money to spend on
their children’s education.”
“In 1925,” Sofia said, “Jeffrey’s school is far away
from his house He has to ride a bus for an hour to
get to school.”
19
“However,” Ben said, “school is a special thing for Jeffrey, and he’s happy to be going, even though it’s far away That’s because Jeffrey is the first person
in his family to be going to school at all And now, here’s Sofia to tell you why.”
“Why, thank you, Ben,” Sofia said “You see, Jeffrey is African American His grandparents were slaves, and states like Mississippi had laws that said
it was illegal to give enslaved people an education
Slave owners were afraid that if their slaves learned
to read, they would want to be free Refusing education to enslaved people was one of the terrible
ways the slave owners kept the slaves as servants.”
“Actually,” Ben said, “a lot of enslaved people didn’t care about those rules They were determined
to get an education, so they created schools for themselves
They would meet late at night in a secret place, and teach each other
to read and write.”
“But,” Sofia said, “Jeffrey’s grandparents didn’t have that opportunity And then, when Jeffrey’s parents were young, they had to stay home and help with chores so the family could make enough money There weren’t any free public schools near where they lived.”