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Chapter 03 orthographic projection

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Object representation Glass box concept Line convention Orthographic projection of point , Multiview projection... OBJECT REPRESENTATION Axonometric projection Multiview projection... PR

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Chapter 3

Orthographic

Projection

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Object representation

Glass box concept

Line convention

Orthographic projection of point ,

Multiview projection

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OBJECT REPRESENTATION

Axonometric projection

Multiview projection

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1 Revolve the object with respect

to observer

TO OBTAIN MULTIVIEW REPRESENTATION OF AN OBJECT

object.

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REVOLVE THE OBJECT

Front

view

Right side view Top view

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OBSERVER MOVE AROUND

Front view Right side

view Top view

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THE GLASS BOX CONCEPT

Bottom view Left side view

Rear view

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Height Width

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Orthographic

Projection

of Object Features

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OBJECT FEATURES

Edges are lines that represent the boundary

between two faces

Corners Represent the intersection of two or

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Surfaces are areas that are bounded by edges

or limiting element

Limiting

element is a line that represents the last visiblepart of the curve surface.

Surface Surface Surface

Limit

Limit

OBJECT FEATURES

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Equal length

PROJECTION OF LINE

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PROJECTION OF LINE

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Foreshortened Foreshortened

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Edge Edge

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BTC

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BTC

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s

sPROJECTION OF OBJECT

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PROJECTION OF OBJECT

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Line Convention

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PRECEDENCE OF LINE

Visible line

Visible line

Order of

importance

Hidden line

Hidden line

Center line

Center line

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HIDDEN LINE PRACTICE

Hidden line should join a visible line, except it

extended from the visible line

Correct

No !

Join

Leave space

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Correct No !

Hidden line should join a visible line, except itextended from the visible line

Leave space

Leave space

HIDDEN LINE PRACTICE

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Hidden line should intersect to form L and T

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Hidden arcs should start on a center line.

HIDDEN LINE PRACTICE

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CENTER LINE PRACTICE

In circular view, short dash should cross at the intersections of center line

For small hole, center line is presented as thin continuous line

Center line should not extend between views

Leave space Leave space

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Leave the gap when centerline forms a

continuation with a visible or hidden line

Leave space

Leave space

Leave space

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