child and adolescent counseling chapter 16

• A process in which the counselor works with parent, teacher, administrator with the goal of positive change in the child • Voluntary problem-solving process with goals of enhanced serv

Mahatma Gandhi

Chapter Objectives

After reading this chapter, you should be able to:

•Define consultation and collaboration

•Discuss models of consultation

•Talk about roles of consultants

•Explain collaboration

•Outline ways to build teams

•Describe assessment types and instruments

• A process in which the counselor

works with (parent, teacher,

administrator) with the goal of positive change in the child

• Voluntary problem-solving process

with goals of enhanced services and improved functioning

Consultation with Children

Typical tasks involve the following:

• professional development workshops

Mental Health Consultation

• Focus on primary prevention and

helping professionals as well as others

• Interaction between 2 professionals

• Consultant an expert, diagnoses a

problem and provides a solution

Mental Health Consultation

• Client-centered case consultation

• Consultee-centered case consultation

• Program-centered administrative

consultation

• Consultee-centered administrative

consultation

Process Consultation

• A skill, interest in how things happen

rather than what is done

• Set of activities to help the consultee perceive, understand, and act upon

events within one’s environment

• focus on how problems are solved and the system in which they occur

Process Consultation

Consultant and consultee examine six areas:

• Communication patterns

• Group member roles

• Group problem solving and decision making

• Group norms and growth

• Leadership and authority

• Intergroup cooperation and competition

Behavioral Consultation

• More structured model; application of

systems theory and principles of learning

to a problem-solving process:

• Problem identification and analysis

• Selection of target behavior

• Behavioral objectives

• Plan, design, implementation

• Evaluate of behavioral change program

Cross-Cultural Consultation

Ingraham (2000) suggests

• Support consultee success

• Value multiple perspectives

• Create emotional safety and support

Cross-Cultural Consultation

Brown, Pryzwansky and Schulte provide questions to assess

• Hierarchy

• Who should be involved

• What leads to use

• Allowing the right not to participate

The Consulting Process

1 Pre-entry

• look at oneself to see if you are right for

the task and services to be provided

2 Entry, problem exploration and contracting

• learn about needs, presenting problem,

people involved, previous interventions, and expectations of seeker

The Consulting Process (Cont.)

3 Diagnosis stage

• Information gathering, problem confirmation, goal setting, and potential interventions

4 Solution searching and intervention

selection

• avoid favorite paradigm

• consider human and structural factors

The Consulting Process (Cont.)

5 Evaluation

• Ensures professional effectiveness

• Were goals achieved?

• Did interventions work?

The Consulting Process (Cont.)

Myrick’s approach

1 Identify the problem clearly

2 Clarify the situation

3 Determine the desired outcome

4 Gather any needed information

5 Develop a plan of action

6 Evaluate and revise as needed

Consultation Interventions

• Role Shift

o changing one’s behavior to elicit

behavior change in another person

Consultation Interventions

• Listing of Behaviors

• Isolation Techniques

o unacceptable behavior results in

removal from group

o quiet place, but not out of sight

o if worse, time out room

Friend and Cook (2000) definition:

• A style for direct interaction between 2 co-equal parties voluntarily engaged in shared decisions making process as

they work towards a common goal

Guidelines on whether to use

collaboration or consultation

• Determine how the two services are viewed by the consumer

• Counselor should reflect on their personal

reactions to the two services and comfort with each

• Collaboration may be method if parameters of consultation impossible

• Fundamental to choice is nature of problem,

the context in which it occurs and the skills of

Reasons for Collaboration

Collaborative efforts may involve nurturing relationships to:

• increase resources

• enhance effectiveness

• decrease fragmentation

• cost efficiency

• Specialized work purpose

• Have shared goals and are

interdependent

• Each team member is aware of the focus, the responsibilities and the pal for accomplishing the task

Assessment as an

Intervention

• Counselors often use a variety of tools

to help understand children

• Some of the more commonly used

assessment tools are interviews, case histories and behavioral observations

Mental Status Exam

Observations include:

1 General appearance, behavior, attitude

2 Speech characteristics and thought

process

3 Emotional status and reactions

4 Content of thought

Mental Status Exam (Cont.)