Applying career development theory to counseling, 6e chapter 1 and 2

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Applying Career Development Theory to Counseling, 6e by Richard Sharf

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Chapter 1

WHY IS CAREER SATISFACTION IMPORTANT?

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Chapter 1

DEFINITIONS

Career – Individuals’ work and leisure (THE MANY ROLES) that takes place over their life span

Career Choice – Decisions made during one’s life about work or related activities

Jobs – Positions requiring certain skills within an organization

Occupations – Similar jobs found in many organizations

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CAREER AND PERSONAL COUNSELING

Career counseling includes personal issues

Personal counseling includes career issues



Goals may be explicit or implicit

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THEORY DEVELOPMENT

Theories must be:

Explicit about rules and terms

Precise about predictions and limitations

Tested through research

Consistent and clear

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CAREER DEVELOPMENT THEORY

To use career development theories, counselors should consider:

Their client populations Their theory of personality and counseling

The theory’s ease of use in counseling sessions(chunking)

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A VIEW OF PSYCHOLOGY AS A SCIENCE (DAWIS)

Person Environment

(Person - Environment Fit)

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CAREER COUNSELING SKILLS

Helping skills

Knowledge of tests

Knowledge of occupational Information

Knowledge of career development theory

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Rogers Helping Skills

Unconditional Positive Regard

Genuineness

Congruence

Empathy

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Truax and Carkhuff , et.al Helping Skills:

Open ending questions non-biased questions discussing

paraphrasing reflecting feelings confrontation concreteness specificity

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HELPING SKILLS USED IN CAREER COUNSELING

Family background exploration

Test and inventory interpretation

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CAREER COUNSELING SKILLS:

KNOWLEDGE OF ASSESSMENT INSTRUMENTS

Norms – Scores that are typical of a population – usually presented in percentiles

test should be similar

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Three Features of Tests and Inventories

1 Selection (norms, reliability, validity, theoretical concepts))

2 Administration (test manuals/procedures)

3 Interpretation (counselors knowledge of client and the instrument)

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CAREER COUNSELING SKILLS:

KNOWLEDGE OF OCCUPATIONAL INFORMATION

Knowledge of work

Knowledge of occupational classification systems

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GOALS OF CAREER COUNSELING

EXPLICIT – Counselor and client agree on goals

Implicit – Assumptions about goals made by the counselor

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TWO TYPES OF THEORIES

Longitudinal Age

Life Span Theories

Relational Theories

Cross sectional

Trait and Factor Decision-Making Social Learning Social Cognitive

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ETHICAL PRINCIPLES

Autonomy – Respect that clients make their own decisions

Nonmalficence – Do no harm

Beneficence – Help clients by promoting health and well-being

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TRAIT AND FACTOR THEORY Step 1:

Gaining self-understanding

Step 2:

Obtaining knowledge about the world of work

Step 3:

Integrating information about self (Step 1)

Chapter 2

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Self Understanding - Tests Aptitude Tests (future) Ability Tests (current) Achievement Tests (past)

Chapter 2

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Differential Aptitude Tests

General Aptitude Test Battery

Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Test

Achievement

Specific Occupations

Interests

Kuder Career Search

Strong Interest Inventory

California Occupational Preference Survey

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OBTAINING KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE WORLD OF WORK

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CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS

Step 2:

Dictionary of Occupational Titles (DOT)

Occupational Information Network (O*NET)

Standard Occupational Classification Manual (SOC)

Enhanced Guide for Occupational Exploration (GOE)

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INTEGRATING INFORMATION ABOUT SELF AND THE WORLD OF WORK Step 3:

Compare test and occupational information

Compare interview and occupational information

Computer programs (such as SIGI3 and DISCOVER) include all

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What about a Resume?

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