INFINITIVES AND GERUNDS

INFINITIVES AND GERUNDS... V1 + to V/ to do something Agree promise plan want Decide manage hope afford Expect tend fail arrange Care deserve happen refuse Threaten pretend offer learn

INFINITIVES AND

GERUNDS

I infinitives

1. V1 + to V/ to do something

Agree promise plan want

Decide manage hope afford

Expect tend fail arrange

Care deserve happen refuse

Threaten pretend offer learn

attempt

2 V1 + O + TO V

Advise allow expect

Forbid want force

Tell ask permit

recommend

3 V1 + O + Vbare (without “to”)

Feel see hear

Smell taste find

II GERUNDS (V1 + V-ING )

Avoid feel like postpone

Risk Admit can’t help

give up enjoy hate

Consider fancy imagine

suggest miss deny mind practise finish

1 Would + like/love/hate/prefer + to v

2 If after preposition, there is a “verb” that

must be “v-ing”.

III INFINITIVES OR GERUNDS

1. Stop:

-. He stopped to have a rest because he felt tired

-. Tom stopped smoking when his doctor told him how

dangerous it was

2 Remember

- Please remember to post the letters when you

get to the post office.

- I’m sure I locked the door I clearly remember locking it.

3 Regret

- I regret to tell you that your application has

been turned down.

- He regretted going to America for his summer holiday.

4 forget

- She’s always forgetting to give me my letters.

- I will never forget seeing the Queen.

5 try

- He tried to learn well for the final exam.

- Please try wearing this skirt It will make you more beautiful.

6 like

- I like to get up early so that I can get plenty of work done before lunch.

- I like walking in the rain.

7 need

- He needs to work harder if he wants to

make progress.

- Do you think my jacket needs

cleaning?

IV BOTH “TO V” AND “V-ING”

1 start/ begin

Note: use “to v” in 2 cases:

- When I got off the train it was starting/beginning to

rain.

- She began/started to understand/to realize what he

really wanted.

2 allow/advise/ forbid/ permit/ recommend

a …… + O + TO V

- We don’t allow people to smoke in this room.

b …… + V-ing (if without O)

- Sorry, we don’t allow smoking in this room.

PASSIVE VOICE OF INFINITIVES AND GERUNDS

1. Ann hopes to join the club.

a. to invite b to be invited

c inviting d being invited

2 The robber avoided _ by the police.

b. to catch b to be caught

c catching d being caught

PASSIVE VOICE FORM OF INFINITIVES AND GERUNDS

1. Infinitives

ACTIVE: V1 + TO V

PASSIVE: V1 + TO BE + PP

2 Gerunds

ACTIVE: V1 + V-ING

PASSIVE: V1 + BEING + PP