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The Simple Present Tense Hi=n DUng SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE trong c"c trYPng hSp sau d-y: 1 Trong nh]ng quy lu2t cVa t^ nhi8n: - The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.. sai The Pres

The Simple Present Tense (Hi=n)

DUng SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE trong c"c trYPng hSp sau d-y:

1) Trong nh]ng quy lu2t cVa t^ nhi8n:

- The sun rises in the east and sets in the west

(M,t trPi mGc Q hYOng eMng v# l,n Q hYOng T-y)

- Water boils at 100 C (NYOc sMi Q 100 dL C)

2) Khi nCi v: thCi quen Q hi=n t&i:

- I usually get up at five (TMi thYPng thZc d2y lTc 5 giP)

- I go to school everyday (H#ng ng#y, tMi d9n trYPng)

3) Trong nh]ng vi=c cC t>nh c"ch thPi khCa bi;u:

- The train to HUE starts at 6.30

(Chuy9n xe l\a di Hu9 khQi h#nh lTc 6.30)

4) Ph"t bi;u c$m tYQng:

- I like fish I don't like meat

(TMi th>ch c", tMi khMng th>ch thBt)

5) DUng trong ch@ d1n: (Instructions)

- Take one tablet twice a day

* C"ch chia dLng t[ Q th? n#y l#:

eLng t[ nguy8n th; <To Be>: (l#, th?) khi chia v#o c"c ngMi

nC cC d&ng nhY sau:

eLng t[ nguy8n th; <To Do>: l#m

khi chia v#o c"c ngMi nC cC d&ng nhY sau:

V> dX: -He does his exercises (Anh y l#m b#i t2p)

- I do my exercises (TMi l#m b#i t2p)

eLng t[ nguy8n th; <To have>: cC

khi chia v#o c"c ngMi nC cC d&ng nhY sau:

- I have a book (TMi cC mLt quy;n s"ch)

- He has a book (Anh y cC mLt quy;n s"ch)

eLng t[ nguy8n th; To go: ei

khi chia v#o c"c ngMi nC cC d&ng nhY sau:

- She goes to school (CM y di d9n trYPng)

- They go to school (HG di d9n trYPng)

eLng t[ khi9m khuy9t Can: CC th;

khi chia v#o c"c ngMi nC khMng dJi d&ng:

- I can swim (TMi cC th; bNi)

- She can swim (CM y cC th; bNi)

eLng t[ khi9m khuy9t May: CC l6

eLng t[ khi9m khuy9t Must: ph$i

khi chia v#o c"c ngMi nC khMng dJi d&ng:

| you | may | must

| they | may | must

| _

- I must go (TMi ph$i di)

- She may be a teacher (CM y cC l6 l# gi"o vi8n)

Ngo&i tr[ c"c dLng t[ d% nCi Q tr8n, cDn l&i c"c dLng t[

kh"c khi chia v#o c"c ngMi d:u tu-n theo quy t(c:

<Th8m S Q ngMi: He, She, It>

V> dX:

eLng t[ nguy8n th; ToSpeak: nCi

khi chia v#o c"c ngMi nC cC d&ng nhY sau:

| NgMi + <to speak> = _ nghAa

| -| -| -

| I + speak = TMi nCi

| you + speak = Anh nCi

| he + speaks = Anh y nCi

| she + speaks = CM y nCi

| it + speaks = NC nCi

| we + speak = ChTng tMi nCi

| you + speak = C"c anh nCi

| they + speak = HG nCi

|

- She speaks English (CM y nCi ti9ng Anh)

- We speak English (ChTng tMi nCi ti9ng Anh)

_

Th#nh L2p C-u PhV eBnh

- -

1) eHi vOi: Can, May, Must v# <to be> th?:

Sau khi chia, th8m <not> v#o ph>a sau:

- I am not a teacher (TMi khMng ph$i l# gi"o vi8n)

- She is not a pupil

- We can not swim

- He may not enter the room

- You must not go to the door

(B&n khMng dYSc di d9n c\a)

- I do not speak English (TMi khMng nCi ti9ng Anh)

- You do not do your exercises (B&n khMng l#m b#i t2p)

- He does not speak English (Speak khMng th8m S n]a)

- He does not go to school (Go, chZ khMng ph$i l# goes)

- They do not say that (HG khMng nCi nhY th9)

- She does not eat that cake (CM y khMng 'n c"i b"nh dC)

Note:

- e; th#nh l2p th; PhV eBnh n#y, ngYPi ta d% dUng

<To Do> + <not> d; hK trS V? th9 <To Do> cDn dYSc gGi l# <TrS dLng t[> hay <TrS T[>

- <to speak>, <to play> v.v l# d&ng INFINITIVE

- <speak>, <play>, <do> v.v l# d&ng Bare INFINITIVE

+ Ri8ng dHi vOi <to have> cC th; dUng 2 c"ch PhV dBnh:

- KhMng dUng trS t[: -He has not a book

- DUng trS t[: -He does not have a book

- They have: They've

- Have not: Haven't

- Has not: Hasn't

- Is not: Isn't

- Do not: Don't

- Does not: Doesn't

- Can not: Can't

- Must not: Mustn't

- May not: Mayn't

_

Th#nh L2p C-u HEi

- -

1) eHi vOi: Can, May v# <to be> th?:

Sau khi chia, d$o dLng t[ l8n d/u c-u:

- Is she a pupil? (CM y cC l# hGc sinh khMng?)

- Is she not a pupil? (CM y khMng l# hGc sinh #?)

- Isn't she a pupil? (CM y khMng l# hGc sinh #?)

- Can they swim? (HG cC th; bNi khMng?)

- May he enter the room? (Anh y cC v#o phDng khMng?)

- Am I not a teacher? (TMi khMng ph$i l# gi"o vi8n #?)

- Isn't she a pupil? (CM y khMng l# hGc sinh #?)

- Can't we swim? (ChTng tMi khMng th; bNi #?)

- Mayn't he enter the room?

- May he not enter the room?

(Anh y khMng di v#o phDng #?)

2) C"c dLng t[ cDn l&i th?:

- Chia dLng t[ <to do> cho chV t[

- Th8m dLng t[ ch>nh d&ng <Bare Infinitive>

- e$o trS dLng t[ l8n d/u c-u

V> dX:

- Do I speak English? (TMi cC nCi ti9ng Anh khMng?)

- Do you do your exercises? (B&n cC l#m b#i t2p khMng?)

- Does he speak English? (Speak khMng th8m S n]a)

- Does she go to school? (Go, chZ khMng ph$i l# goes)

- Do they say that? (HG cC nCi nhY th9 khMng?)

- Does she eat that cake? (CM y cC 'n c"i b"nh dC khMng?)

- Don't I speak English? (TMi khMng nCi ti9ng Anh #?)

- Don't you do your exercises? (B&n khMng l#m b#i #?)

- Doesn't he speak English? (Speak khMng th8m S n]a)

- Doesn't she go to school? (Go, chZ khMng ph$i l# goes)

- Don't they say that? (HG khMng nCi th9 #?)

- Doesn't she eat that cake?(CM y khMng 'n c"i b"nh dC #?)

Note:

+ Ri8ng dHi vOi <to have> cC th; dUng 2 c"ch HEi:

- KhMng dUng trS t[: -Has he a book?

- DUng trS t[: -Does he have a book?

+ C-u hEi d&ng n#y gGi l# <Yes/No Questions> v? ch@ cC th; tr$ lPi <Yes> ho,c <No>

+ Khi tr$ lPi <Yes> th? khMng dUng <Not>:

- Am I not a teacher?

Yes, you are (dTng)

No, you are not (dTng)

Yes, you are not (sai)

No, you are (sai)

The Present Continuous (Hi=n eang)

TO BE + VERB + ING

The PRESENT CONTINUOUS DUng trong c"c trYPng hSp sau d-y:

1) Di<n t$ mLt h#nh dLng dang x$y ra t&i thPi di;m dang nCi:

- I am reading (TMi dang dGc)

2) MLt h#nh dLng x$y ra cC t>nh c"ch t&m thPi (Temporary Act):

- Where are you living? (B&n dang sHng Q d-u?)

- I'm living everywhere! (TMi dang sHng lang thang)

3) MLt h#nh dLng lTc n#o cWng x$y ra li8n tXc:

(ThYPng g,p always, usually trong c-u)

- I am always thinking of you (Em luMn nghA v: anh)

* C"ch chia:

a) Trong c-u x"c dBnh: (DUng to be l#m trS dLng t[)

- Chia <to be> v#o c"c ngMi Q PRESENT

- Th8m <ing> sau dLng t[ ch>nh

V> dX:

- I amreading a book (TMi dang dGc 1 quy;n s"ch)

- He isreading a book (Anh y dang dGc mLt quy;n s"ch)

b) Trong c-u phV dBnh:

- Ch@ vi=c th8m <not> sau trS t[ <to be>:

V> dX: -I am not reading a book

(TMi khMng dang dGc mLt quy;n s"ch)

- He is not reading a book

(are not = aren't ; is not = isn't)

c) Trong c-u hEi:

- e$o trS t[ to be l8n d/u c-u:

- Am I not reading a book? (TMi khMng dang dGc s"ch #?)

Yes, I am (CC, tMi cC dang dGc s"ch.)

No, I am not (KhMng, tMi khMng dang dGc s"ch.)

- Is he not reading a book?

Yes, He is (CC, anh y cC dang dGc s"ch.)

No, He is not (KhMng, anh y khMng dang dGc s"ch.)

- Are they not reading a book?

Yes, They are (CC, hG cC dang dGc s"ch.)

No, They are not (KhMng, hG khMng dang dGc s"ch.)

* Ghi ChT:

Nh]ng dLng t[ sau d-y khMng chia Q CONTINUOUS:

To be, mind, know, understand, believe, remember, doubt, mean, like, dislike, love, hate, prefer, want, care,

have, own, belong, see, hear, taste, sound, smell, touch, seem, appear, cost, need, contain, depend, consist,

wish

- I am being at home (Sai) (TMi dang Q nh#.)

- I am at home (eTng) (TMi Q nh#.)

- I am knowing him (Sai) (TMi dang bi9t h(n.)

- I know him (eTng) (TMi bi9t h(n.)

The Present Perfect (Hi=n e%)

TO HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE

PRESENT PERFECT DUng trong c"c trYPng hSp sau d-y:

1) Di<n t$ 1 h#nh dLng d% x$y ra trong qu" khZ, nhYng khMng cC thPi gian x"c dBnh

I have seen that film (TMi v[a xem phim dC)

I have finished my work (TMi v[a ho#n th#nh cMng vi=c)

2) MLt h#nh dLng x$y ra trong qu" khZ v# v1n cDn ti9p tXc cho d9n hi=n t&i

- He has learnt English for two years

(Anh y d% hGc Anh V'n dYSc 2 n'm)

- He has learnt English since 1993

(Anh y d% hGc Anh V'n t[ n'm 1993)

3) Present Perfect thYPng dUng vOi c"c tr&ng t[:

Already, not yet, never, just, several times, many times, once, over and over

- She has read his letter over and over

(CM ta dGc di dGc l&i bZc thY cVa anh y)

- We have been to Dalat once

(ChTng tMi cC di e# L&t mLt l/n)

- I have never been to the theatre with a girl

(TMi chYa bao giP di xem h"t vOi b&n g"i)

* C"ch chia:

a) Trong c-u x"c dBnh: (DUng tohave l#m trS dLng t[)

- Chia <to have> v#o c"c ngMi Q Simple PRESENT

- Th8m dLng t[ ch>nh Q Past Participle

- I have eaten a cake (TMi v[a 'n mLt c"i b"nh)

- She has opened her book (CM y v[a mQ s"ch ra dGc)

Ghi chT:

PastParticiple (PP) l# mLt d&ng bi9n th; cVa dLng t[

NgYPi ta t&o ra nC rIi pha v#o vOi trS t[ <to have> d; l2p th#nh th? PRESENT PERFECT v# d< nh2n ra nC

trong 12 th? cVa ti9ng Anh (Xem ph/n PAST TENSE)

b) Trong c-u phV dBnh:

- Ch@ vi=c th8m <not> sau trS t[ <to have>:

- I have not eaten a cake (HIi n%y tMi khMng 'n b"nh)

- She has not opened her book

(HIi n%y, cM y khMng mQ s"ch ra dGc)

c) Trong c-u hEi:

- e$o trS t[ l8n d/u c-u:

- Has she opened her book?

(CM ta v[a mQ s"ch ph$i khMng?)

Tr$ lPi: -Yes, She has Ho,c: -No, She hasn't

- e$o trS t[ + not l8n d/u c-u:

- Has she not opened her book?

- Hasn't she opened her book?

(CM ta khMng v[a mQ s"ch ph$i khMng?)

Tr$ lPi: -Yes, She has Ho,c: -No, She hasn't

The Present Perfect Continuous (Hi=n e% eang)

TO HAVE + BEEN + VERB + ING

THE PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS DUng trong trYPng hSp:

MLt h#nh dLng b(t d/u trong qu" khZ v# ngYPi nCi muHn nh.n m&nh s^ vi=c v1n cDn dang ti9p di<n:

- I have been waiting for an hour and he still hasn't turned up

(TMi d% v# hi=n dang dSi anh y kho$ng mLt giP rIi m# anh y v1n chYa trQ l&i)

- I have been learning English for 2 years

(TMi d% v# hi=n nay v1n cDn hGc ti9ng Anh suHt hai n'm nay.)

(LTc n#y ngYPi nCi dang ngIi hGc Anh V'n ho,c ngYPi nCi cH _ b$o r)ng hG v1n cDn dang theo duJi mMn

Anh v'n.)

ChT _:

N9u ngYPi nCi khMng muHn nh.n m&nh s^ vi=c v1n cDn dang ti9p di<n th? l&i dUng PRESENT PERFECT:

- I have learnt English for 2 years

(TMi d% v# hi=n nay v1n cDn hGc ti9ng Anh suHt hai n'm nay.)

(LTc n#y ngYPi nCi khMng ph$i dang ngIi hGc Anh V'n, m# dang l#m mLt vi=c g? kh"c.)

* C"ch chia:

a) Trong c-u x"c dBnh: (DUng <to have, to be> l#m trS dLng t[)

- Chia <to have> v#o c"c ngMi Q Simple PRESENT

- Th8m Been

- Th8m <ing> v#o dLng t[ ch>nh

V> dX:

She has been waiting for an hour and he still hasn't turned up

(CM hi=n d% v# dang dSi anh y mLt giP rIi m# anh y v1n chYa trQ l&i)

b) Trong c-u phV dBnh:

- Ch@ vi=c th8m <not> sau trS t[ <to have>:

- I have not been waiting any more

(TMi khMng dSi th8m n]a)

c) Trong c-u hEi:

- e$o trS t[ l8n d/u c-u:

- Has he been waiting here?

(Anh y d% chP Q d-y ph$i khMng?)

Tr$ lPi: -Yes, he has

Ho,c: -No, he hasn't

- e$o trS t[ l8n d/u c-u:

(N9u not khMng vi9t t(t.)

- Has he not been waiting here?

(Anh y d% khMng chP Q d-y ph$i khMng?)

Tr$ lPi: -Yes, he has

Ho,c: -No, he hasn't

- e$o trS t[ + not l8n d/u c-u:

(N9u not vi9t t(t.)

- Hasn't he been waiting here?

(Anh y d% khMng chP Q d-y ph$i khMng?)

The Simple Past (e%)

SIMPLE PAST DUng trong c"c trYPng hSp sau d-y:

1) CC thPi gian x"c dBnh rF r#ng, v# vi=c d% ch.m dZt trong qu" khZ

- I watched TV last night

THi qua, tMi d% xem tivi

2) Khi mM t$ thCi quen trong qu" khZ

(Hi=n t&i khMng cDn n]a)

- When I was a child, I cried all day

(Khi cDn b3, tMi d% khCc suHt ng#y)

* C"ch chia dLng t[ Q th? n#y l#:

H/u h9t c"c dLng t[ khi chia Q th; qu" khZ d:u tu-n theo quy t(c: Th8m ed v#o cuHi v# ngYPi ta gGi chTng

l# eLng t[ qui t(c (regular Verbs)

V> dX:

- I washed my clothes yesterday (HMm qua tMi d% gi,t qu/n "o cVa m?nh.)

- She studied her lesson yesterday (HMm qua cM y d% hGc b#i.)

Tuy nhi8n cC kho$ng 273 dLng t[ khMng tu-n theo qui t(c th8m ed Khi Q qu" khZ, chTng s6 cC d&ng d,c

bi=t v# ngYPi ta gGi chTng l# dLng t[ b.t qui t(c (irregular Verbs)

V> dX:

- I took a cake yesterday

(HMm qua, tMi d% l.y mLt c"i b"nh)

- I ate a cake yesterday

(HMm qua, tMi d% 'n mLt c"i b"nh)

Khi chYa chia, dLng t[ <to eat> nghAa l# 'n NhYng khi chia Q qu" khZ nC khMng tu-n theo qui t(c th8m

ed NC chuy;n t[ eat th#nh ra ate n8n nC thuLc lo&i dLng t[ b.t qui t(c V? v2y ngYPi hGc Anh v'n ph$i cH

g(ng hGc thuLc lDng b$ng dLng t[ b.t qui t(c

CDn l&i l# c"c dLng t[ qui t(c th? ch@ vi=c th8m ed v#o cuHi l# xong

Sau d-y l# c"ch th8m ed v#o dLng t[ qui t(c (regular Verbs):

a) eLng t[ t2n cUng b)ng 1 nguy8n -m + 1 phX -m th? nh-n dMi:

- Stop + ed = stopped (cC 2 ch] p) eGc l# (s? thCp t)

- tap + ed = tapped eGc l# (th"p t)

- begin + ed = beginned

b) eLng t[ t2n cUng b)ng 2 nguy8n -m + 1 phX -m th? khMng nh-n:

- cook + ed = cooked (cC 2 ch] o) eGc l# (cTc t)

d) eLng t[ nh.n -m Q trYOc v/n cuHi th? khMng nh-n dMi:

- limit [l>mit] + ed = limited

+ C"c -m cuHi cC d&ng p, f, k, s, sh, ch khi th8m ed th? dGc l#: <t>

V> dX: liked, booked, watched, looked,

- t>t d>t, cDn l&i dGc dP

- eGc tP: p, f, khMng, sUng, shoot chi

- CuHi cUng cDn ph$i kh(c ghi

- eJi i e d>d (ied) phX -m y d#i

To Be (Chia Q Qu" KhZ)

1) Kh*ng dBnh:

eLng t[ nguy8n th; <To Be>: (l#, th?) khi chia v#o c"c ngMi

Q qu" khZ nC cC d&ng nhY sau:

- Trong c-u: -I was a pupil yesterday

(HMm qua, tMi d% l# mLt hGc sinh)

T[ was l# dLng t[ <To be> d% bB chia Q th? Qu" KhZ

2) PhV dBnh: Th8m <not>:

was + not: wasn't

were + not: weren't

- I wasn't a pupil yesterday

(HMm qua, tMi khMng l# mLt hGc sinh.)

T[ was l# dLng t[ <To be> d% bB chia Q th? Qu" KhZ v# cLng th8m not

3) Nghi v.n: e$o ngYSc <was, were> l8n d/u c-u

_

| Nghi v.n

| -

| was I ?

| were you ?

| was he ?

| was she ?

| was it ?

| were we ?

| were you ?

| were they ?

| wasn't I ?

| weren't you ?

| wasn't he ?

| wasn't she ?

| wasn't it ?

| weren't we ?

| weren't you ?

| weren't they ?

| was I not ?

| were you not ?

| was he not ?

| was she not ?

| was it not ?

| were we not ?

| were you not ?

| were they not ?

| _ - Trong c-u: - Was he a pupil yesterday? (HMm qua, anh y l# mLt hGc sinh #?) - Wasn't he a pupil yesterday? (HMm qua, anh y khMng l# mLt hGc sinh #?) - Was he not a pupil yesterday? (HMm qua, anh y khMng l# mLt hGc sinh #?) _Yes, he was _No, he wasn't _No, he was not To Have (Chia Q Qu" KhZ) 1) Kh*ng dBnh: eLng t[ nguy8n th; <To have>: cC Khi chia v#o c"c ngMi nC cC d&ng nhY sau: | Kh*ng dBnh | -| -| -

| I + had = TMi d% cC

| you + had = Anh d% cC

| he + had = Anh y d% cC

| she + had = CM y d% cC

- I had a book yesterday (HMm qua tMi cC mLt quy;n s"ch.)

- He had a book yesterday (HMm qua anh y cC mLt quy;n s"ch.)

| you + had not

| they + had not

| you + didn't have

| they + didn't have

| I + did not have

| you + did not have

| he + did not have

| she + did not have

| it + did not have

| we + did not have

| you + did not have

| they + did not have

| _

- I hadn't that book yesterday

(HMm qua tMi khMng cC quy;n s"ch dC.)

- He hadn't that book yesterday

(HMm qua anh y khMng cC quy;n s"ch dC.)

- He didn't have that book yesterday

(HMm qua anh y khMng cC quy;n s"ch dC.)

3) Nghi v.n:

| Nghi v.n

| -| -

| hadn't I ?

| hadn't you ?

| hadn't he ?

| hadn't she ?

| hadn't it ?

| hadn't we ?

| hadn't you ?

| hadn't they ?

| | had I not ?

| had you not ?

| had he not ?

| had she not ?

| had it not ?

| had we not ?

| had you not ?

| had they not ?

| | did I have ?

| did you have ?

| did he have ?

| did she have ?

| did it have ?

| did we have ?

| did you have ?

| did they have ?

| | didn't I have ?

| didn't you have ?

| didn't he have ?

| didn't she have ?

| didn't it have ?

| didn't we have ?

| didn't you have ?

| didn't they have ?

| | did I not have ?

| did you not have ?

| did he not have ?

| did she not have ?

| did it not have ?

| did we not have ?

| did you not have ?

| did they not have ?

- Hadn't I that book yesterday?

(HMm qua tMi khMng cC quy;n s"ch dC #?)

- Hadn't he that book yesterday?

(HMm qua anh y khMng cC quy;n s"ch dC #?)

_Yes, he had _No, he hadn't _No, he had not

- Didn't he have that book yesterday?

(HMm qua anh y khMng cC quy;n s"ch dC #?)

_Yes, he did _No, he didn't _No, he did not

To Do (Chia Q Qu" KhZ)

1) Kh*ng dBnh:

eLng t[ nguy8n th; <To Do>: l#m

Khi chia Q qu" khZ v#o c"c ngMi nC cC d&ng nhY sau:

V> dX: -He did his exercises yesterday

(HMm qua, anh y d% l#m b#i t2p)

- I did my exercises yesterday

(HMm qua, tMi d% l#m b#i t2p)

| you + did not do

| they + did not do

| _

V> dX: -He didn't do his exercises yesterday

(HMm qua, anh y d% khMng l#m b#i t2p.)

- I didn't do my exercises yesterday

(HMm qua, tMi d% khMng l#m b#i t2p.)

3) Nghi v.n:

| Nghi v.n

| -| -

| did I do ?

| did you do ?

| did he do ?

| did she do ?

| did it do ?

| did we do ?

| did you do ?

| did they do ?

| | didn't I do ?

| didn't you do ?

| didn't he do ?

| didn't she do ?

| didn't it do ?

| didn't we do ?

| didn't you do ?

| didn't they do ?

| | did I not do ?

| did you not do ?

| did he not do ?

| did she not do ?

| did it not do ?

| did we not do ?

| did you not do ?

| did they not do ?

|

- Didn't he do his lesson yesterday?

(HMm qua anh y d% khMng hGc b#i #?)

_Yes, he did

_No, he didn't

_No, he did not

Can (Chia Q Qu" KhZ)

1) Kh*ng dBnh:

eLng t[ khi9m khuy9t <Can>: CC th;

Khi chia v#o c"c ngMi nC cC d&ng:

- I could swim last year (N'm ngo"i, tMi d% cC th; bNi)

- He could swim last year (N'm ngo"i, h(n d% cC th; bNi)

| you + could not

| they + could not

| couldn't you ?

| couldn't he ?

| couldn't she ?

| couldn't it ?

| couldn't we ?

| couldn't you ?

| couldn't they ?

| | could I not ?

| could you not ?

| could he not ?

| could she not ?

| could it not ?

| could we not ?

| could you not ?

| could they not ?

| - Couldn't you come there yesterday? (HMm qua b&n d% khMng th; d9n dC #?) - Couldn't they come there yesterday? (HMm qua hG d% khMng th; d9n dC #?) _Yes, they could _No, they couldn't _No, they could not May (Chia Q Qu" KhZ) 1) Kh*ng dBnh: eLng t[ khi9m khuy9t <May>: cC l6 Khi chia v#o c"c ngMi Q qu" khZ dUng cMng thZc: MIGHT + HAVE + PP _ | Kh*ng dBnh | -| -

| I | might have eaten | that cake yesterday

| you | might have eaten | that cake yesterday

| he | might have eaten | that cake yesterday

| she | might have eaten | that cake yesterday

| it | might have eaten | that cake yesterday

| we | might have eaten | that cake yesterday

| you | might have eaten | that cake yesterday

| they | might have eaten | that cake yesterday

|

- I might have eaten that cake yesterday

(TMi cC l6 d% 'n c"i b"nh dC hMm qua.)

2) PhV dBnh:

_

| PhV dBnh

| -| -

| I + mightn't have (PP)

| you + mightn't have (PP)

| he + mightn't have (PP)

| she + mightn't have (PP)

| it + mightn't have (PP)

| we + mightn't have (PP)

| you + mightn't have (PP)

| they + mightn't have (PP)

| I + might not have (PP)

| you + might not have (PP)

| he + might not have (PP)

| she + might not have (PP)

| it + might not have (PP)

| we + might not have (PP)

| you + might not have (PP)

| they + might not have (PP)

| _ - I might not have eaten that cake yesterday (TMi cC l6 d% khMng 'n c"i b"nh dC hMm qua.) - I mightn't have eaten that cake yesterday (TMi cC l6 d% khMng 'n c"i b"nh dC hMm qua.) 3) Nghi v.n: | Nghi v.n | -

| Mightn't I have (PP) ?

| Mightn't you have (PP) ?

| Mightn't he have (PP) ?

| Mightn't she have (PP) ?

| Mightn't it have (PP) ?

| Mightn't we have (PP) ?

| Mightn't you have (PP) ?

| Mightn't they have (PP) ?

| Might I not have (PP) ?

| Might you not have (PP) ?

| Might he not have (PP) ?

| Might she not have (PP) ?

| Might it not have (PP) ?

| Might we not have (PP) ?

| Might you not have (PP) ?

| Might they not have (PP) ?

|

- Might you not have eaten that cake yesterday?

(B&n cC l6 d% khMng 'n c"i b"nh dC hMm qua #?)

_Yes, I might

_No, I mightn't

_No, I might not

eLng T[ ThYPng (Chia Q Qu" KhZ)

1) Kh*ng dBnh:

eLng t[ thYPng: V> dX <To watch>: xem

khi chia Q qu" khZ v#o c"c ngMi th? th8m <ed>:

| Kh*ng dBnh

| -| -| -

| I + watched = TMi d% xem

| you + watched = Anh d% xem

| he + watched = Anh y d% xem

| she + watched = CM y d% xem

| it + watched = NC d% xem

| we + watched = ChTng tMi d% xem

| you + watched = C"c anh d% xem

| they + watched = HG d% xem

|

- I watched TV last night

(THi qua tMi d% xem TiVi.)

- He watched TV last night

(THi qua anh y d% xem TiVi.)

| you + didn't watch

| they + didn't watch

| I + did not watch

| you + did not watch

| he + did not watch

| she + did not watch

| it + did not watch

| we + did not watch

| you + did not watch

| they + did not watch

| _

- I didn't watch TV last night

(THi qua tMi d% khMng xem TiVi.)

- He didn't watch TV last night

(THi qua anh y d% khMng xem TiVi.)

3) Nghi v.n:

_

| Nghi v.n

| -

| Did I watch ?

| Did you watch ?

| Did he watch ?

| Did she watch ?

| Did it watch ?

| Did we watch ?

| Did you watch ?

| Did they watch ?

| | Didn't I watch ?

| Didn't you watch ?

| Didn't he watch ?

| Didn't she watch ?

| Didn't it watch ?

| Didn't we watch ?

| Didn't you watch ?

| Didn't they watch ?

| | Did I not watch ?

| Did you not watch ?

| Did he not watch ?

| Did she not watch ?

| Did it not watch ?

| Did we not watch ?

| Did you not watch ?

| Did they not watch ?

| _

- Didn't he watch TV last night?

(THi qua anh y d% khMng xem TiVi #?)

_Yes, he did

_No, he didn't

_No, he did not

eLng T[ B.t Quy T(c (Chia Q Qu" KhZ)

1) Kh*ng dBnh:

eLng t[ B.t Quy T(c v> dX <To eat>: 'n

Khi chia Q qu" khZ v#o c"c ngMi th? dUng (cLt 2) cVa b$ng dLng t[ b.t quy t(c:

(cLt 2)

Eat ate eaten: 'n

[i:t] [eit] ['i:tn]

| Kh*ng dBnh

| -| -| -

| I + ate = TMi d% 'n | you + ate = Anh d% xem | he + ate = Anh y d% 'n | she + ate = CM y d% 'n | it + ate = NC d% 'n | we + ate = ChTng tMi d% 'n | you + ate = C"c anh d% 'n | they + ate = HG d% 'n | _I ate that cake yesterday (HMm qua tMi d% 'n c"i b"nh dC.) _She ate that cake yesterday (HMm qua cM y d% 'n c"i b"nh dC.) 2) PhV dBnh: _ | PhV dBnh | -| -

| I + didn't eat | you + didn't eat | he + didn't eat | she + didn't eat | it + didn't eat | we + didn't eat | you + didn't eat | they + didn't eat | I + did not eat | you + did not eat | he + did not eat | she + did not eat | it + did not eat | we + did not eat | you + did not eat | they + did not eat | _ - I didn't eat that cake last night (THi qua tMi d% khMng 'n c"i b"nh dC.) - He didn't eat that cake last night (THi qua anh y d% khMng 'n c"i b"nh dC.) 3) Nghi v.n: _ | Nghi v.n | -

| Did I eat ?

| Did you eat ?

| Did he eat ?

| Did she eat ?

| Did it eat ?

| Did we eat ?

| Did you eat ?

| Did they eat ?

| Didn't you eat ?

| Didn't they eat ?

|

| Did I not eat ?

| Did you not eat ?

| Did he not eat ?

| Did she not eat ?

| Did it not eat ?

| Did we not eat ?

| Did you not eat ?

| Did they not eat ?

| _

- Didn't you eat that cake last night?

(THi qua b&n d% khMng 'n c"i b"nh dC #?)

_Yes, I did

_No, I didn't

_No, I did not

The Past Continuous (e% eang)

WERE/WAS + VERB_ING

THE PAST CONTINUOUS DUng trong c"c trYPng hSp sau d-y:

1) Trong qu" khZ, mLt h#nh dLng cC t>nh c"ch t&m thPi nhYng k3o d#i:

- Yesterday, It was raining all night

(HMm qua, trPi mYa suHt d8m)

2) MLt h#nh dLng dang x$y ra trong qu" khZ th? mLt h#nh dLng kh"c c(t ngang:

- Last night, when I was learning my lesson, the light went out

(e8m qua, khi tMi dang hGc b#i th? di=n cTp)

3) Hai h#nh dLng cUng x$y ra t&i mLt thPi di;m trong qu" khZ:

- While he was reading, she was spinning

(Trong khi tMi dang dGc th? cM y dang kh-u v")

4) ThCi quen trong qu" khZ:

- The child was always crying when he was taken to school

(eZa b3 luMn khCc khi d9n trYPng)

- My mother was always buying candy when she went to the market

(M7 tMi luMn mua k7o khi b# di chS)

C"ch chia:

a) Trong c-u x"c dBnh: DUng <to be> l#m trS dLng t[

- Chia <to be> v#o c"c ngMi Q Simple PAST

- Th8m <ing> v#o dLng t[ ch>nh

V> dX:

- Yesterday, It was raining all night

(HMm qua, trPi mYa suHt d8m)

b) Trong c-u phV dBnh:

- Ch@ vi=c th8m <not> sau trS t[ <to be>:

- While he was reading, she was not spinning yesterday

(HMm qua, trong khi cM y dang dGc, cM y khMng kh-u v")

c) Trong c-u hEi:

- e$o trS t[ tobe l8n d/u c-u:

- Yesterday, was It raining all night?

(HMm qua mYa suHt d8m #?)

Tr$ lPi: -Yes, It was Ho,c -No, It wasn't

- e$o trS t[ tobe + Not l8n d/u c-u

(n9u not vi9t t(t):

- Yesterday, wasn't It raining all night?

(HMm qua khMng cC mYa suHt d8m #?)

Tr$ lPi: -Yes, It was Ho,c -No, It wasn't

- e$o trS t[ tobe l8n d/u c-u

(n9u not khMng vi9t t(t):

- Yesterday, was It not raining all night?

(HMm qua khMng cC mYa suHt d8m #?)

Tr$ lPi: -Yes, It was Ho,c -No, It wasn't

The Past Perfect (e% e%)

HAD + Past Participle

THE PAST PERFECT DUng trong trYPng hSp:

1) Khi cC 2 h#nh dLng trong qu" khZ, h#nh dLng n#o x$y ra trYOc th? Q PAST PERFECT:

- He had left before I came here yesterday

(HMm qua, anh ta d% di trYOc khi tMi d9n d-y)

2) Khi cC 1 h#nh dLng v# 1 thPi di;m trong qu" khZ:

- He had gone to France before 1990

(Anh ta d% d9n Ph"p trYOc n'm 1990)

C"ch chia:

a) Trong c-u x"c dBnh: (DUng tohave l#m trS dLng t[)

- Chia <to have> v#o c"c ngMi Q Simple PAST (TZc l# had)

- Chia dLng t[ ch>nh Q Past Participle

- She hadleft before I came here yesterday

(leave - left - left)

(HMm qua, cM y d% rPi khEi nh# trYOc khi tMi d9n d-y)

ChT _:

PastParticiple (PP) l# mLt d&ng bi9n th; cVa dLng t[

NgYPi ta t&o ra nC rIi pha v#o vOi trS t[ <to have> d; l2p th#nh th? PAST PERFECT v# d< nh2n ra nC

trong 12 th? cVa ti9ng Anh

b) Trong c-u phV dBnh:

- Ch@ vi=c th8m <not> sau trS t[ had:

- She had not left before I came here yesterday

(HMm qua, cM y d% khMng rPi khEi nh# trYOc khi tMi d9n d-y)

c) Trong c-u hEi:

- e$o trS t[ had l8n d/u c-u:

- Had she left before I came here yesterday?

(HMm qua, cM y d% rPi khEi nh# trYOc khi tMi d9n d-y ph$i khMng?)

Tr$ lPi: -Yes, she had

Ho,c: -No, she hadn't

- Had she not left before I came here yesterday?

- Hadn't she left before I came here yesterday?

(HMm qua, cM y d% khMng rPi khEi nh# trYOc khi tMi d9n d-y ph$i khMng?)

Tr$ lPi: -Yes, she had

Ho,c: -No, she hadn't

The Past Perfect Continuous (e% e% eang)

HAD + BEEN + VERB_ING

THE PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS DUng trong trYPng hSp:

1) Khi cC 2 h#nh dLng trong qu" khZ, h#nh dLng n#o x$y ra trYOc th? Q PAST PERFECT, nhYng cC _ n8u

b2t S^ Li8n TXc th? Q PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS:

V> dX: C$nh s"t hEi:

- What had you been doing before she came here yesterday?

(Anh dang l#m g? trYOc khi cM y d9n d-y hMm qua?)

S^ vi=c quan trGng Q t[ dang d; k9t tLi hay khMng

Do dC ph$i dUng th? li8n ti9n THE PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS

2) Khi cC 1 h#nh dLng v# 1 thPi di;m trong qu" khZ:

- I had been waiting here before 7 o'clock yesterday

(HMm qua, tMi d% dSi Q d-y trYOc 7 giP!)

NgYPi ta ph$i dUng th? li8n ti9n THE PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS Q d-y v?:

MuHn nh.n m&nh s^ m=t mEi ph$i chP dSi suHt; MuHn n8u b2t, nh.n m&nh s^ chP dSi CDn n9u khMng

nh.n m&nh s^chPdSi th? l&i dUng THE PAST PERFECT:

- I had waited before 7 o'clock yesterday

- She hadbeen eating before I came here yesterday

(HMm qua, cM y dang 'n trYOc khi tMi d9n d-y)

b) Trong c-u phV dBnh:

- Ch@ vi=c th8m <not> sau trS t[ had:

- She had not been eating before I came here yesterday

(HMm qua, cM y khMng dang 'n trYOc khi tMi d9n d-y)

c) Trong c-u hEi:

- e$o trS t[ had l8n d/u c-u:

- Had she been eating before I came here yesterday?

(HMm qua, cM y dang 'n trYOc khi tMi d9n d-y ph$i khMng?)

Tr$ lPi: -Yes, she had

Ho,c: -No, she hadn't

- Had she not been eating before I came here yesterday?

- Hadn't she been eating before I came here yesterday?

(HMm qua, cM y khMng dang 'n trYOc khi tMi d9n d-y ph$i khMng?)

Tr$ lPi: -Yes, she had

Ho,c: -No, she hadn't

The Simple Future (S6)

SHALL, WILL + VERB

THE SIMPLE FUTURE DUng trong trYPng hSp:

1) CC thPi di;m x"c dBnh Q tYNng lai:

- We shall move to another house nextmonth

(Th"ng tOi, chTng tMi s6 dPi nh#)

- The play will be over at 10 o'clock

(VQ kBch s6 ch.m dZt lTc 10 giP)

2) Ch@ s^ mPi mGc hay th@nh c/u:

- Will you go with me? (B&n cC vui lDng di vOi tMi khMng?)

- Shall I open the door? (e; tMi mQ c\a ra nh3?)

- We shall go to the restaurant tomorrow night

(ChTng tMi s6 di nh# h#ng tHi mai)

- You will be a pupil tomorrow morning

(S"ng mai b&n s6 l# mLt hGc sinh)

- If you pass this exam, you will be a doctor

(N9u b&n vYSt qua k` thi n#y, b&n s6 l# b"c sA)

b) Trong c-u phV dBnh:

- Th8m not v#o sau Will, shall

- We shall not go to the restaurant tomorrow night

(ChTng tMi s6 khMng di nh# h#ng tHi mai)

- You will not be a pupil tomorrow morning

(S"ng mai b&n s6 khMng l# mLt hGc sinh)

ChT _:

- Will not Vi9t t(t l#: Won't [wgnt]

- Shall not: Shan't [oant]

c) Trong c-u hEi:

- e$o trS t[ <to be> l8n d/u c-u

- Shall we go to the restaurant tomorrow night?

(ChTng ta s6 di nh# h#ng tHi mai nh3?)

- Shan't we go to the restaurant tomorrow night?

=Shall we not go to the restaurant tomorrow night?

(ChTng ta s6 khMng di nh# h#ng tHi mai nh3?)

Tr$ lPi: -Yes, we shall Ho,c: -No, we shall not

- Will he be a pupil tomorrow morning?

(S"ng mai anh y s6 l# mLt hGc sinh ph$i khMng?)

- Will he not be a pupil tomorrow morning?

=Won't he be a pupil tomorrow morning?

(S"ng mai anh y s6 khMng l# mLt hGc sinh ph$i khMng?)

Tr$ lPi: -Yes, he will

Ho,c: -No, he won't

Ho,c: -No, he will not

ChT _:

Ng#y nay ngYPi ta cC khuynh hYOng dUng will cho c$ I v# we

Ngo#i ra, ngYPi ta dUng d$o ngYSc will, Shall d; bi;u thB mLt s^ quy9t t-m, hZa h7n, ho,c de dGa, nh.n

- My parents shall have a car for you next week

(Cha m7 tMi hZa cho anh mLt chi9c xe hNi v#o tu/n tOi)

- I will do as I have promised

(TMi s6 quy9t t-m l#m nhY tMi d% hZa)

The Future Continuous (S6 eang)

SHALL/WILL + BE + VERB + ING

THE SIMPLE FUTURE CONTINUOUS DUng trong trYPng hSp:

a) MLt h#nh dLng s6 dang di<n ra Q mLt thPi di;m tYNng lai:

- I shall be waiting for you at this time tomorrow

(Ng#y mai, tMi s6 dSi anh v#o giP n#y)

- The children will be swimming in the river at this time tomorrow

(Ng#y mai, v#o giP n#y, nh]ng dZa tr5 s6 dang bNi trong sMng)

b) MLt vi=c d^ trU, toan t>nh trong tYNng lai:

- The circus group will be performing several shows next week

(eo#n xi9c d^ trU s6 bi;u di<n nhi:u m#n v#o tu/n tOi)

- I shall probably be seeing Tom tomorrow

(TMi dBnh s6 g,p Tom ng#y mai)

C"ch chia:

a) Trong c-u x"c dBnh:

- The circus group willbe performing several shows next week

(eo#n xi9c d^ trU s6 bi;u di<n nhi:u m#n v#o tu/n tOi)

Ng#y nay ngYPi ta cC khuynh hYOng dUng will cho c$ I v# we

b) Trong c-u phV dBnh:

Th8m not v#o sau will/shall:

- The circus group will not be performing several shows next week

(eo#n xi9c d^ trU s6 khMng bi;u di<n nhi:u m#n v#o tu/n tOi)

c) Trong c-u hEi:

e$o trS t[ will/shall l8n d/u c-u:

- Will the circus group be performing several shows next week?

(eo#n xi9c d^ trU s6 bi;u di<n nhi:u m#n v#o tu/n tOi h$?)

- Won't the circus group be performing several shows next week?

=Will the circus group not be performing several shows next week?

(eo#n xi9c d^ trU s6 khMng bi;u di<n nhi:u m#n v#o tu/n tOi h$?)

Tr$ lPi: -Yes, they will

- No, they won't

The Future Perfect (S6 e%)

SHALL/WILL + HAVE + Past Participle

THE FUTURE PERFECT DUng trong trYPng hSp:

1) Khi cC 2 h#nh dLng trong tYNng lai, h#nh dLng n#o x$y ra trYOc th? Q FUTURE PERFECT:

- He will have left before I shall come here tomorrow

(Ng#y mai, anh ta s6 di trYOc khi tMi d9n d-y)

2) Khi cC 1 h#nh dLng v# 1 thPi di;m trong tYNng lai:

- He will have gone to school before 7 o'clock tomorrow

(Anh y s6 d9n trYPng trYOc 7 giP s"ng mai)

C"ch chia:

a) Trong c-u x"c dBnh:

- She willhaveleft before I shall come here tomorrow

(leave - left - left)

(S"ng mai, cM y s6 rPi khEi nh# trYOc khi tMi d9n d-y)

Ng#y nay ngYPi ta cC khuynh hYOng dUng will cho c$ I v# we

b) Trong c-u phV dBnh:

Ch@ vi=c th8m not sau trS t[ will/shall:

- She won't have left before I'll come here tomorrow

(S"ng mai, cM y s6 rPi khEi nh# trYOc khi tMi d9n d-y)

b) Trong c-u hEi:

- e$o trS t[ will/shall l8n d/u c-u:

- Will she have left before I'll come here tomorrow?

(S"ng mai, cM y s6 rPi khEi nh# trYOc khi tMi d9n d-y h$?)

- Will she not have left before I'll come here tomorrow?

=Won't she have left before I'll come here tomorrow?

(S"ng mai, cM y s6 khMng rPi khEi nh# trYOc khi tMi d9n d-y h$?)

Tr$ lPi: -Yes, she will

Ho,c: -No, she won't

The Future Perfect Continuous (S6 e% eang)

SHALL/WILL + HAVE + BEEN + VERB + ING

THE FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS DUng trong trYPng hSp:

1) Khi cC 2 h#nh dLng trong tYNng lai, h#nh dLng n#o x$y ra trYOc th? Q FUTURE PERFECT, nhYng cC _

n8u b2t S^ Li8n TXc th? Q FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS:

V> dX: C$nh s"t hEi:

_What will you have been doing before she'll come here tomorrow?

(Ng#y mai, anh s6dang l#m g? trYOc khi cM y d9n d-y?)

S^ vi=c quan trGng Q t[ dang d; k9t tLi hay khMng

Do dC ph$i dUng th? li8n ti9n FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS

2) Khi cC 1 h#nh dLng v# 1 thPi di;m trong qu" khZ:

- I shall have been waiting before 7 o'clock tomorrow

(Ng#y mai, tMi s6 dSi Q d-y trYOc 7 giP!)

NgYPi ta ph$i dUng th? li8n ti9n THE FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS Q d-y v?:

MuHn nh.n m&nh c"i s^ m=t mEi ph$i chP dSi suHt; MuHn n8u b2t, nh.n m&nh s^ chP dSi CDn n9u khMng

nh.n m&nh s^chPdSi th? l&i dUng FUTURE PERFECT:

- I shall have waited before 7 o'clock tomorrow

(Ng#y mai, tMi s6 dSi Q d-y trYOc 7 giP!)

C"ch chia:

a) Trong c-u x"c dBnh:

- I shallhavebeen waiting before 7 o'clock tomorrow

(Ng#y mai, tMi s6 dSi Q d-y trYOc 7 giP!)

Ng#y nay ngYPi ta cC khuynh hYOng dUng will cho c$ I v# we

b) Trong c-u phV dBnh:

- Ch@ vi=c th8m <not> sau trS t[ will/shall:

- I shall not have been waiting before 7 o'clock tomorrow

(Ng#y mai, tMi s6 khMng dSi Q d-y trYOc 7 giP!)

c) Trong c-u hEi:

- e$o trS t[ will/shall l8n d/u c-u:

- Will you have been waiting before 7 o'clock tomorrow?

(Ng#y mai, b&n s6 dSi Q d-y trYOc 7 giP #?)

- Will you not have been waiting before 7 o'clock tomorrow?

=Won't you have been waiting before 7 o'clock tomorrow?

(Ng#y mai, b&n s6 khMng dSi Q d-y trYOc 7 giP #?)

Tr$ lPi: -Yes, I shall

Ho,c: -No, I shan't

To Be Going To

- DUng d; nCi l8n mLt d^ dBnh trong thPi gian s(p tOi (g/n)

eYSc ngYPi ta gGi l#:

- Future of intention (tYNng lai ch@ _ dBnh)

C"ch chia:

a) Trong c-u x"c dBnh:

- Chia <to be going to> cho chV t[

- Th8m dLng t[ ch>nh v#o sau <to be going to>

- I amgoingto meet Tom at the station at six

(TMi dBnh g,p Tom Q nh# ga v#o 6 giP)

V2y dLng t[ ch>nh cVa c-u l# meet chZ khMng ph$i l# < am going to >!

- He isgoingto study harder for the test

(Anh y dBnh hGc t2p ch'm hNn d; thi ki;m tra)

b) Trong c-u phV dBnh:

- Th8m not v#o sau <To be> d% chia

- I am not going to meet Tom at the station at six

(TMi khMng dBnh g,p Tom Q nh# ga v#o 6 giP)

- He is not going to study harder for the test

(Anh y khMng dBnh hGc t2p ch'm hNn d; thi ki;m tra)

c) Trong c-u hEi:

- e$o <to be> l8n d/u c-u

- Is he going to study harder for the test?

(Anh y dBnh hGc t2p ch'm hNn d; thi ki;m tra ph$i khMng?)

- Is he not going to study harder for the test?

=Isn't he going to study harder for the test?

(Anh y khMng dBnh hGc t2p ch'm hNn d; thi ki;m tra ph$i khMng?)

Tr$ lPi: -Yes, he is

Ho,c: -No, he is not

DUng <To Be> Cho C"c TrYPng HSp Sau e-y

1) HEi t8n (indentification):

- What is your name? (B&n t8n g??)

2) HEi tuJi (Age):

- How old are you? (B&n bao nhi8u tuJi?)

3) HEi ngh: nghi=p (occupation):

- What is your job? (B&n l#m ngh: g??)

4) Khi nCi v: m#u s(c (color):

- What color is it? -It is red

(C"i n#y m#u g?? -NC m#u dE)

5) Khi nCi v: nNi chHn:

- Where are we? (ChTng ta dang Q d-u?)

6) khi nC v: t>nh c"ch (characteristic):

- I am slow minded (TMi l# ngYPi ch2m hi;u)

- I am quick minded (TMi l# ngYPi nhanh nh2y)

7) Khi nCi v: t?nh tr&ng (condition):

- How are you? I am fine

(B&n khEe khMng? -TMi v1n khEe)

8) MM t$ k>ch thYOc, h?nh d&ng:

- I am 1.70 meters high (TMi cao 1, 70m)

9) NCi v: giP gi.c (time):

- What time is it? (M.y giP rIi?)

10) NCi v: quHc tBch (Nationality):

- I am Vietnamese (TMi l# ngYPi Vi=t Nam)

C"ch Th8m <Ing>

Khi chia dLng t[ Q nh]ng tenses

- Present Continuous <to be + Verb + ing >

- Present Perfect Continuous <to have + Verb + ing>

- Past Continuous <Was\Were + Verb + ing >

- Past Perfect Continuous v.v

v# khi c/n s\ dXng Gerund (Danh eLng T[):

reading, working, staying, studying, learning, speaking

Khi dC, b&n ph$i bi9t c"ch th8m ing v#o c"c dLng t[

C"ch th8m ing v#o c"c dLng t[:

- T[ t2n cUng b)ng 1 nguy8n -m + 1 phX -m th? nh-n dMi:

- Begin + ing = Beginning (cC 2 ch] n)

- T[ t2n cUng b)ng 2 nguy8n -m + 1 phX -m th? khMng nh-n:

- cook + ing = cooking

- T[ t2n cUng b)ng W, H, Y, X th? khMng nh-n:

- say + ing = saying

- bow + ing = bowing

- T[ nh.n -m Q trYOc v/n cuHi th? khMng nh-n dMi:

- limit [l>mit] + ing = limiting

- open +ing = opening -gossip + ing = gossiping

- T[ cC ph"t -m cuHi l# phX -m v# t2n cUng b)ng e th? bE e:

- Have + ing = having -leave + ing = leaving

nhYng: see + ing = seeing

- G,p t2n cUng l# y th? v1n gi] nguy8n:

- study + ing = studying

Ngo&i l=:

- Travel + ing = travelling

- worship + ing = worshipping

- pencil + ing = Pencilling

- model + ing = modelling

- stencil + ing = Stencilling

- Die + ing = Dying

- Dye + ing = dyeing

TCm L&i:

MLt nguy8n, mLt phX nh-n dMi,

e[ng nh-n WHY_X nh.n -m tr8n v/n

Th8m ing e bE y nguy8n

C"c D&ng C-u Hei

Trong Anh V'n cC 3 d&ng c-u hEi:

1) Yes\No Question:

L# c-u hEi ch@ tr$ lPi vOi <Yes> ho,c <No>

a) eHi vOi: Can, May, Must v# <to be> th?:

Sau khi chia dLng t[, d$o dLng t[ l8n d/u c-u:

- Is she a pupil? -Yes, she is

(CM y l# hGc sinh h$? -V-ng, dTng v2y)

- Can they swim? -No, they can't

(HG cC th; bNi khMng? -KhMng, hG khMng th;)

- May he enter the room? -Yes, he may

(CC l6 anh y v#o phDng ph$i khMng? -V-ng, cC l6 v2y)

- Am I not a teacher? (Yes, you are)

- Isn't she a pupil? (Yes, she is)

- Can't we swim?

- Mayn't he enter the room?

b) C"c dLng t[ cDn l&i th?:

- Chia dLng t[ <to do> cho chV t[

- Th8m dLng t[ ch>nh D&ng <Bare Infinitive>

- e$o trS dLng t[ l8n d/u c-u

V> dX:

- Does she speak English?

- Did you do your exercises yesterday?

- Did he speak English last year? (Speak khMng th8m S n]a)

- Does she go to school? (Go, chZ khMng ph$i l# goes)

- Didn't they say that yesterday?

- Does she eat that cake?

- Don't I speak English?

- Don't you do your exercises?

- Doesn't he speak English? (Speak khMng th8m S n]a)

- Doesn't she go to school? (Go, chZ khMng ph$i l# goes)

- Don't they say that?

- Doesn't she eat that cake?

Note:

a) Ri8ng dHi vOi <to have> cC th; dUng 2 c"ch HEi:

- KhMng dUng trS t[: -Has he a book?

- DUng trS t[: -Does he have a book?

b) Khi tr$ lPi c-u hEi th?:

<Yes> + x"c dBnh

<No> + phV dBnh

- Am I not a teacher?

Yes, you are (dTng)

No, you are not (dTng)

Yes, you are not (sai)

No, you are (sai)

2) <Tag_Question>: (D&ng c-u hEi cC ph/n duMi)

- You were absent last friday, weren't you?

(B&n v(ng m,t hMm thZ s"u, khMng ph$i #?)

- You aren't a pupil, are you?

(B&n khMng ph$i l# mLt hGc sinh, dTng khMng?)

- You can't swim, can you?

(B&n khMng bNi dYSc, dTng khMng?)

- He will go to school tomorrow, won't he?

(Ng#y mai, anh y s6 d9n trYPng, khMng ph$i #?)

ChT _:

N9u <have> = trS t[ th?:

- You have never read that book, haven't you?

- You have had that book, haven't you?

N9u <Have> = CC (Have l# dLng t[ thYPng) th?:

- You have a book, don't you? (Ki;u Mb)

- You have a book, haven't you? (Ki;u Anh)

b) N9u dUng dLng t[ b?nh thYPng th? ph$i dUng trS t[ <To do>:

- She speaks English, doesn't she?

- She spoke English last year, Didn't she?

- You did your exercises yesterday, Didn't you?

- You didn't do your exercises yesterday, Did you?

- She doesn't go to school, does she?

- Ghi chT:

a) N9u v9 trYOc phV dBnh b)ng t[ nothing, th? duMi x"c dBnh l# isit?

V> dX: KhMng cC c"i g? d% dYSc l#m ph$ikhMng?

- Nothing has done, is it?

b) N9u v9 trYOc dUng t[:

Somebody, someone, everybody, everyone, no one, nobody th? ph>a sau dUng d&i t[ they

- Somebody phoned me, didn't they?

(Ai dC d% gGi di=n tho&i cho tMi, ph$i khMng?)

c) C-u hEi cC duMi dIng c"ch (same - way Tag Question)

Ch@ d; mM t$ s^ quan t-m, ng&c nhi8n, gi2n d], chZ khMng hEi l# ph$ikhMng? V> dX:

Th9 l# b&n s6 l2p gia d?nh #? Tuy=t qu"!

So, you are getting married, are you? How nice!

x"c dBnh x"c dBnh

- M#y nghA l# m#y khMng lYPi #!

You think you aren't lazy, aren't you?

phV dBnh phV dBnh

d) C-u tAnh lYSc (Ellipsis)

- Ng#y d7p qu" nh@? = It's nice day, is it?

(KhMng chV t[)

- Vui v5 chZ! Have a good time, did you?

KhMng chV t[ x"c dBnh x"c dBnh

e) C-u hEi cC duMi khMng ho#n ch@nh

- M" b&n Q nh#, ph$i khMng?

Your mother at home, is she?

KhMng dLng t[ v# x"c dBnh x"c dBnh

NhYng: n9u muHn bi9n nC th#nh 1 Tag Question ho#n ch@nh th? ph$i d,t dTng c.u trTc:

Your mother is at home, isn't she?

- When: Khi n#o

- Why: T&i sao

- Which: c"i n#o

- Who: ai

- Whom: cVa ai

- How: th9 n#o

<Wh_ Question> gIm 3 d&ng:

a) D&ng l#m chV t[: WHAT, WHO, WHICH, WHOSE

| <WH_> + <Verb> + < >?

| <WH_ + Noun> + <Verb> + < >?

- -

- What makes you fall off? (C"i g? l#m anh ng%?)

- What make you fall off? (Nh]ng C"i g? l#m anh ng%?)

- What is burning in the kitchen?

(C"i g? dang ch"y kh3t trong b9p?)

- What caused the explosion? (C"i g? d% g-y ra vX nJ?)

- What happened yesterday? (HMm qua, c"i g? d% x$y ra?)

- Who beat you yesterday? (Ai d% d"nh anh hMm qua?)

- Who left the door open? (Ai d% d; c\a mQ?)

- Which boy told you that story?

(eZa n#o d% k; cho m#y chuy=n dC?)

- Which horse won? (Con ng^a n#o d% th(ng?)

- Whose book is on the table? (Quy;n s"ch cVa ai d; tr8n b#n?)

b) D&ng l#m Object: WHAT, WHOM (WHO), WHOSE, WHICH

| <WH_> + <Yes\No Question> + < >?

| <WH_ + Noun> + <Yes\No Question> + < >?

- -

- What do you say? (B&n nCi g??)

- What kind would you like? (Anh th>ch lo&i g??)

- What did he eat yesterday? (HMm qua, nC d% 'n g??)

- Whose book did you borrow from?(Anh d% mYSn s"ch cVa ai?)

- Whom did you speak yesterday? (Anh d% nCi vOi ai, hMm qua?)

- Who did you speak yesterday? (Anh d% nCi vOi ai, hMm qua?)

c) D&ng l#m Adverb (Tr&ng t[): WHERE, WHEN, WHY, HOW

| <WH_> + <Yes\No Question> + < >?

- -

- Where do you go?

- When does she go to school?

- Why doesn't he go to school?

- How did you do it?

C-u HEi Gi"n Ti9p

- I don't know where he is

(TMi khMng bi9t anh y Q d-u)

- I don't know when he goes to school

(TMi khMng bi9t anh y d9n trYPng lTc n#o)

b) D&ng cC d.u HEi:

TrS t[ + subject + Verb + Wh_ + subject + Verb?

- -

- Do you know where he is?

(B&n cC bi9t anh y Q d-u khMng?)

- Could you tell me what time it is?

(B&n cC th; cho tMi hEi m.y giP rIi?)

- Do they know how often the bus runs at night?

(HG cC bi9t lL tr?nh xe bu_t d8m khMng?)

ChT _:

C-u HEi vOi <Wh_ Question> khMng bao giP dZng Q cuHi c-u

- You know <where did he go>? (sai)

- You know that <where did he go>? (sai)

Sentences (C-u)

1) C-u eNn: (Simple Sentence)

C-u dNn l# c-u cC chV ng], vB ng] v# 1 dLng t[ d% chia

Trong Anh V'n: <1 chV t[ + 1 dLng t[ chia rIi> l2p th#nh:

MLt C-ueNn ho,c mLt m=nhd: (Clause)

- Lan is a pupil

2) C-u gh3p: (Compound sentences)

GIm 2 hay nhi:u c-u dNn dZng ri8ng, ho,c dYSc nHi bQi li8n t[

- I am teaching you English and you are listening to me

- John works hard but Richard is lazy

- Jack came out first, John followed and Tom came last

- Take your coat with you, it may rain

3) C-u phZc: (Complex Sentences)

- NgYPi ta l&i dUng <1 chV t[ + 1 dLng t[ chia rIi> d,t xen v#o c-u dNn d; t&o th#nh mLt C-uPhZc Khi

- Lan, whogavemeabookyesterday, is a pupil

(Lan, ngYPi d% dYa tMi quy;n s"ch ng#y hMm qua, l# mLt hGc sinh)

(MLt c-u phZc cC th; cC nhi:u m=nh d: phX!)

TCm l&i: c-u phZc l# c-u cC chZa M=nh e: PhX

C-u eNn (Simple Sentence)

Trong Anh V'n: <1 chV t[ + 1 dLng t[ chia rIi> l2p th#nh:

MLt C-ueNn ho,c mLt m=nhd: (Clause)

- The moon\ rose

- The sun \was shining

2) <ChV t[> + <vt> + <cXm t[ bJ nghAa>:

- vt (transitive Verb): dLng t[ ngo&i dLng:

L# nh]ng dLng t[ c/n <object>

- You \did not answer\ my Question

<my Question> l# Object cVa <answer>

3) <ChV t[> + <vt> + <Direct Object> + <indirect object>:

- I\ bought\ you\ a book

- He\ gave\ the teacher\ a pen

- I\ consider\ him\ a good friend

4) <ChV t[> + <vt> + <IO> + <to/for> + <DO>:

- IO: indirect Object; -DO: Direct Object;

- I\ buy\ it\ for\ you

- He\ gave\ a pen\ to \the teacher

C-u M=nh L=nh (The Imperative)

A/ DUng d; sai b$o ho,c y8u c/u, ra l=nh cho ngYPi dHi di=n l#m vi=c g? Lo&i c-u n#y, ngYPi ta khMng

dUng chV t[

a) L=nh t>ch c^c:

- work!: H%y l#m vi=c!

- Go away!: CTt di!

- write!: vi9t di!

- Close the door: eCng c\a l&i!

- Please turn off the light: Xin t(t d4n!

- Leave the room: CTt ra khEi phDng!

- Bring me the lamp: eYa cho tMi c"i d4n

- Be quiet!: Y8n l,ng!

(V? quiet l# t>nh t[ n8n trYOc nC ph$i dUng To Be: Be)

b) L=nh ti8u c^c:

- Don't write!: e[ng vi9t!

- Don't work!: e[ng l#m vi=c!

- Don't close the door: e[ng dCng c\a!

- Please don't turn off the light: Xin d[ng t(t d4n!

- Don't open the door: e[ng mQ c\a!

N9u dUng never th?:

- Never write!: e[ng bao giP vi9t!

- Never work!: e[ng bao giP l#m vi=c!

- Never close the door: e[ng bao giP dCng c\a!

N9u l# t>nh t[ th? ph$i cC be:

- Don't be quiet!: e[ng y8n l,ng!

- Don't be silly: e[ng ngO ng0n!

- Don't be impolite: e[ng vM l<!

- Don't be so sad: e[ng qu" buIn!

XTi bi;u hay cDn gGi l# Emphatic form (th; khoa d&i):

Ch@ c/n th8m t[ do Q trYOc dLng t[:

- Do let's go!: ChTng ta cZ di di!

- Do come in!: CZ v#o di!

- Do be quiet!: CZ l#m thinh!

- Do do so!: CZ l#m nhY th9!

e: nghB:

Kh*ng dBnh:

- Let me see!: e; tMi xem

- Let him go!: e; anh y di

- Let us go!: ChTng ta h%y di

- Let's go!: ChTng ta h%y di (Let us = Let's)

PhV dBnh:

- Let him not go!: e[ng d; anh y di (He must not go!)

- Let's not go!: ChTng ta d[ng di (He must not go!)

- Let them not smoke!: e[ng d; chTng hTt thuHc!

(They must not smoke!)

T[ Lo&i

ChV T[: (Subject)

Vai trD: L#m chV ng] cVa c-u

VB tr>: ThYPng dZng d/u c-u

- He is a pupil

eLng t[: (Verb)