Giáo trình Luyện phát âm tiếng anh

LỜI NÓI ĐẦU Các bạn học viên IVYL thân mến, Không ít người băn khoăn tại sao lại phải học phát âm, và không những thế phải làm chủ nó.. Nghĩa là, bạn nói từ đó theo đúng chuẩn để người

LỜI NÓI ĐẦU

Các bạn học viên IVYL thân mến,

Không ít người băn khoăn tại sao lại phải học phát âm, và không những thế phải làm chủ

nó Muốn làm chủ tiếng anh hay bất kì ngôn ngữ nào khác, trước tiên phải làm chủ âm thanh của ngôn ngữ đó đã Nghĩa là, bạn nói từ đó theo đúng chuẩn để người nghe hiểu được và bạn cũng hiểu được người khác nói gì, đây là nền tảng để xây dựng các kĩ năng khác

Với phương pháp học truyền thống trên ghế nhà trường, không ít bạn trở nên câm và điếc khi giao tiếp tiếng anh Tại sao ư? Không phải họ không biết những gì người khác nói, không phải họ chưa từng được học những từ đó mà điều đáng buồn ở đây là họ không nghe được những cái mà mình đã học Không nghe được là vì mình không nói chuẩn, nói đúng thế nên khi người khác nói đúng mình lại không biết được đó là gì Đó là lý do tại sao chúng ta cần học phát âm trước tiên, cũng giống như xây một nền móng cho ngôi nhà Nền móng càng vững chắc bao nhiêu thì ngôi nhà đó càng kiên cố bấy nhiêu phải không nào?

Cuốn sách MASTER ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION được biên soạn bởi đội ngũ giáo viên của trung tâm với mục đích giúp người Việt làm chủ phát âm một cách hệ thống nhất và dễ tiếp cận nhất Chúng tôi đã vận dụng phương pháp học kết hợp âm thanh hình ảnh trong việc thiết kế bài giảng để tăng khả năng ghi nhớ cho học viên

Nội dung khóa học:

 Học 44 âm cơ bản trong tiếng anh

 Học nguyên tắc phát âm từ

 Học nguyên tắc phát âm câu đúng ngữ điệu, ngữ thái

 Bài tập thực hành: ghi âm, lồng tiếng, diễn kịch

Mục tiêu khóa học:

 Tự tin phát thanh các bản tin tiếng anh

 Phát âm chuẩn 1000 từ vựng cơ bản trong giao tiếp

 Nghe và hiểu được các mẩu hội thoại ngắn trong giao tiếp hàng ngày

Phương pháp học:

 Bắt chước khẩu hình miệng của người nói tiếng anh chuẩn bản địa, có sự hướng dẫn và chỉnh sửa của giáo viên, trợ giảng

 Nghe ngâm não để thẩm thấu âm thanh

 Thực hành ghi âm liên tục ở nhà và được chỉnh sửa, chữa lỗi

Chúng tôi cam kết nếu các bạn quyết tâm ép mình để làm chủ tiếng anh dưới sự theo dõi sát sao tận tình của giáo viên cùng các bạn trợ giảng, chắc chắn bạn sẽ thành công Xin tặng bạn câu này:

If you‘re willing to do only what’s easy, life will be hard but if you’re willing to do what’s hard, life will be easy

CONTENTS

Unit 1  Sound /i:/ and /i/

Unit 2  Sound /u:/ and /ʊ/

 Intonation in yes/no question 49-53 Unit 10  Sound /p/ and /b/

 Intonation in exclamatory sentences 54-57

Unit 11  Sound /t/ and /d/ How to pronounce verbs ending

in“_ed”

58-62

Unit 12  Sound /s/ and /z/ 63-67

Unit 14  Sound /ʒ/ and /dʒ/ Linking sounds 71-74

Unit 18  Sound /w/ and /j/

CONVERSATION  1: A Picnic by the River

 2: Cell Phone Messages

 3: An Easy Way to Shop

 4: The School Play

 5: A House warming Party

 6: Where Is Your Homework?

104-114

 7: After School Activities

 8: My Future Job

 9: A Part-time Job

 10: The Travel Agent

 Your tongue touches the sides of

your teeth /iː/

 It's pronounced /iː/ /iː/

/iː/ is a long vowel sound

 Make your mouth a bit less wide than for /i:/

 Your tongue is a bit further back in your mouth than for /i:/

 It’s pronounced /ɪ/ /ɪ/

/ɪ/ is a short vowel sound

UNIT 1: /i:/ and /ɪ/

SHEEP OR SHIP

Pizza /ˈpiːtsə/

A piece of pizza, please

1 SOUND/iː/

Master English with IVYL

Sound 1 Sound 2 /i:/ /i/

a, Listen to the dialogue and fill in the gaps

b, Practice reading the dialogue aloud with your partner

In a café: It’s cheaper to eat at Marguerite’s

Christina: What would you like to eat, (1)……… ? The cheese sandwiches are the cheapest

Peter: Er…mmm … oh, a (2)……… sandwich, please, Christina

Christina: Cheese … mmm … Janine? Would you like a (3)………… sandwich or a

cheese sandwich?

Janine: A cheese sandwich, (4)………

Peter: What about you, Christina? Would you like cheese or (5)………?

Waitress: Are you all ready to order? What would you like to (6)……… ?

Christina: Er, we’ll have one beef sandwich, two cheese sandwiches and, mmm, (7) ……… for me

3 MINIMAL PAIRS

4 DIALOGUE

Janine: Tea for (8)……… too, please

Peter: Yes, make that three (9)………… , please

Waitress: (writing down the order) One beef sandwich, two cheese sandwiches and (10) ……… teas

a Listen and repeat

Would you like veal or beef?

Would you like coffee or tea?

b Role play

Work in a group to practice a conversation You are in the restaurant Take turns to be the waiter Ask each other questions, e.g Would you like ……….or …… ? You can use information in the menu

/u:/ /u/

 Make a lip into a circle

 Put your tongue up and back

 Push your lips into a tighter

circle as you say it

 /u:/ is a long sound

 Make your lip a little rounded

 Your tongue is not so far back as for /u: /

 /ʊ/ is shorter, more relaxed sound than /u:/

UNIT 2: /u:/ and /u/

Sound 1 Sound 2 /u:/ /u/

Book /bʊk/

She lent me a book

3 MINIMAL PAIRS

a, Listen to the dialogue and fill in the gaps

b, Practice reading the dialogue aloud with your partner

The two rudest students in the school

Miss Luke: Good afternoon girls

Girls: Good afternoon, Miss Luke

Miss Luke: This afternoon we’re going to learn how to (1)………

Turn on your computers and look at unit (2)………

Lucy: Excuse me, Miss Luke

Miss Luke: Yes, Lucy?

Lucy: There’s some chewing gum on your shoe

Miss Luke: Who threw their chewing gum on the floor? Was it you, Lucy?

Lucy: No, Miss Luke It was Susan

Miss Luke: Who?

Lucy: Susan Duke

Susan: It wasn’t me, stupid It was Julie

Julie: It was you!

Susan: It wasn’t me! My mouth’s full of chewing gum Look, Miss Luke!

Julie: Stop pulling my hair, Susan It was you!

Susan: You!

Julie: You!

Miss Luke: Excuse me! If you two continue with this rudeness, you can stay

after school instead of going to the pool

4 DIALOGUE

/e/ /æ/

• Practice the sound /i/

• Open your mouth a little more for

/e/

• /e/ is a short, relaxed sound

 Practice the sound /e/

 Open your mouth a little more for /æ/

UNIT 3: /e/ and /æ/

 Fill the gaps(1-7) with the correct questions (a-g) below:

a, Can I get you a drink, Adele?

b, Is that better?

c, Was it expensive?

d, Are you listening to the Red Hot Chili Peppers?

e, How did you spend your holiday, Adele?

f, Are you a friend of Emma’s?

g, Have you met my friend Adele yet, Kevin?

Friends

Adele: Hi, Emma! Hi, Ben! Hello, Emily! Hello, Eddie! Hi, everybody!

Everybody except Kevin: Hi, Adele

Emily: Nice to see you again, Adele Kevin , this is Adele Adele, this

3 MINIMAL PAIRS

4 DIALOGUE

Kevin: Emma said she had a friend called Adele

Eddie: Help yourself to Mexican food, Adele It’s on the kitchen

Adele: Not very But I spent everything, I haven’t any money left

 Practise reading the dialogue aloud

(Rising before “and”, falling after “and”)

a Listen and repeat

He bought a cup and some nuts

He bought a cup, some nuts and some honey

He bought a cup, some nuts, some honey and a brush

b Game

“My uncle (mother/brother/cousin) went to London

Practice the game with a group of four or five people Each member remembers what the others have said and then adds something to the list

Example

5 INTONATION IN A LIST

A: My uncle went to London and he spent a lot of money He bought a car

B: My uncle went to London and spent a lot of money He bought a car and a toy plane

/a:/ / ʌ /

/ɑː/ is a long vowel sound

 Open your mouth wide

 Your tongue should rest in the

bottom of your mouth

 It's pronounced /ɑː/ /ɑː/

/ʌ/ is a short, relaxed vowel sound

 Open your mouth wide

 Your tongue should rest in the middle of your mouth

 It's pronounced /ʌ/ /ʌ/

UNIT 4: /a:/ and / ʌ /

FATHER AND MOTHER

Sound 1 Sound 2 /a:/ / ʌ /

a, Listen to the dialogue and fill in the gaps

She doesn’t love him

Jasmine: Honey, why are you so sad?

Duncan: (1)………

Jasmine: (2)………… , why are you so unhappy? I don’t understand

Duncan: You don’t love me, Jasmine

Jasmine: But Duncan, I love you very much!

Duncan: That’s untrue, Jasmine You love my cousin

Jasmine: Justin?

Duncan: No, his (3) ………

Jasmine: Dudley?

4 DIALOGUE

Duncan: No Stop being funny, Jasmine Not that one The (5)………

Hunter You think he’s (5)……… And I’m unattractive

Jasmine: Duncan@ That’s utter rubbish!

Duncan: And Hunter loves you too

Jasmine: No he doesn’t

Duncan: Yes he (6)………

Jasmine: Duncan, just once last (7)………… I had lunch with Hunter You mustn’t

(8) ……… I like your (8)……… much better than Hunter’s

Duncan: Oh, just shut up, Jasmine!

Jasmine: But honey, I think you’re (10) ………

Duncan: Oh, shut up, Jasmine

Jasmine: Now that’s enough! You’re just jealous, Duncan You shut up!

b, Listen again and then practice with your partner

a, What is syllable?

A syllable is a “beat” heard in a spoken word

Book laptop dictionary computer

/bʊk/ /ˈlæp.tɒp/ /ˈdɪk.ʃən.ər.i/ /kəmˈpjuː.tər/

5 SYLLABLE

b, Silent syllable

In English some words have “silent syllable”

Ex: History /ˈhɪs.tri/= 2 syllables

Interesting /ˈɪn.trəs.tɪŋ/ = 3 syllables

Camera /ˈkæm.rə/ vegetable /ˈvedʒ.tə.bl ̩/

Chocolate /ˈtʃɒk.lət/ Wednesday /ˈwenz.deɪ/

Ex2: Listen again and practice the words

• /ɒ/ is a short vowel sound

• Round your lips a little

• The front of your tongue is low

and towards the back of your

mouth.

 /ɔː/ is a long vowel sound

 Put the front of your tongue down Round your lips

a First practice the sound /ɔː/ in the following words

Laura morning walking towards airport awful Reporter report sports York fault always

b Listen to the dialogue

Sports report from Radio Station 4

Announcer: This morning the Roarers football team arrived back from York

Laura Short is our sports reporter, and she was at the airport

Laura Short: Good morning, listeners This is Laura Short All the footballers are

3 MINIMAL PAIRS

4 DIALOGUE

walking towards me Here’s George Ball, the goal keeper Good morning, George

George Ball: Good morning Are you a reporting?

Laura Short: Yes, George I’m Laura Short from Radio Station 4 Tell us about the

football match with York

George Ball: Well, it was awful We lost And the score was forty-four But it wasn’t

my fault, Laura

Laura Short: Whose fault was it, George?

George Ball: The forwards

Laura Short: The forwards?

George Ball: Yes The forwards They were always falling over or losing the ball!

A, What is stress?

A word or a syllable is pronounced with greater force than other words in the same

sentence or other syllables in the same word

B, Syllable stress

1 Most 2 syllable nouns & adjectives are stressed on 1st syllable

5 SYLLABLE STRESS

2 Most 2-syllable verbs are stressed on the 2nd syllable

Words ending in –sion,

-tion

Words ending in -ic Words ending in –ure,

-ian

Words ending in –cy, -ty, -phy

/ɜ:/ /ə/

/ɜː/ is a long vowel sound

 Relaxed lips,

 Jaw halt-open

 the center of the tongue just

slightly rising

/ə/ is a short vowel sound

 Jaw is half open, relaxed tongue and lips

 Middle of the tongue is halfway up

 Tongue position is a bit lower than when pronouncing /ɜː/

German /ˈdʒɜː.mən/

She has learnt German for thirteen months

Picture /ˈpɪk.tʃər/

He paints a picture of my dog

Garden /ˈɡɑː.dən/

Keeping a garden tidy is a full- time job

Minimal pairs A Sound 1 Sound 2

gull girl

a, First practice the sound /ɜː/ in words from dialogue below

Were weren’t nurse worst world shirts Thirsty dirty Sir Herbert Colonel Burton hurts

b, Listen to the dialogue

The worst nurse

Sir Herbert: Nurse!

Colonel Burton: Nurse! I’m thirsty

Sir Herbert: Nurse! My head hurts!

Colonel Burton: Nurse Sherman always wears such a dirty shirts

Sir Herbert: He never arrives at work early

Colonel Burton: He and … er … Nurse Turner weren’t at work on Thursday, were

they?

Sir Herbert: No, they weren’t

Colonel Burton: Nurse Sherman is the worst nurse in the ward, isn’t he, Sir Herbert? Sir Herbert: No, he isn’t, Colonel Burton He’s the worst nurse in the world!

c, Practice reading the dialogue aloud

The next morning, when Barbərə woke up it wəs six ə’clock, ənd hə brothə ənd

hə sistəs wə still əsleep Barbərə looked ət thəm, ənd then closed hər eyes əgain

Then she quiətly got out əf bed ənd started tə pack hə suitcase She took səme comfətəble clothes out əf thə cupbəd She packed ə pair əf binoculəs ənd hə sistə’s camərə She packed ə photəgraph əf həself ənd one əf hə mothər ənd fathə

“ I mustn’t fəget tə have səme breakfəst,” she said tə herself Bət then she

looked ət thə clock It wəs ə quartə tə seven

“ I’ll jəst drink ə glass əf watə,” she said

“ə glass əf watə,” she said

“watə,” she said, ənd opən hər eyes

She wəs still in hə bed, and hə brothəs ənd sistəs wə laughing ət hə

“Tell əs what you wə dreaming əbout,” they said tə hə

Bət Barbərə didn’t answə She wəs thinking əbout hə wondəful journey tə South əmericə

b Weak forms

Listen to the example of weak form and strong form of was

Example

Wəs she dreaming?

This is the sound /ə/ This is the weak form of was

Yes, she was

This is a different sound This is the strong form of was

Listen and repeat

Wəs she thinking about South America? Yes, she was

Wə her brothers ans sisters asleep? Yes, they were

Də they like reading? Yes, they do Həve you read about South America? Yes, I have

ə we working hard? Yes, we are Həs your friend been to South America? Yes, he has Cən you swim? Yes, I can

c, Tick the words a) or b) that you hear in the sentences

1 a) has b) həs

2 a) can b) cən

4 a) does b) dəs

5 a) am b) əm

6 a) them b) thəm

6 INTONATION OF TAG QUESTION: UP OR DOWN?

a, The intonation of question tags is usually going down This means the speaker

expects agreement

Ex: A: we were at work early, weren’t we?

B: Yes, we were

Sometimes the intonation goes up This means the speaker is not sure if the

Information is correct and asking the listener to check it

Ex: A: The nurses were at work on Thursday, weren’t they?

B: Yes, they were

b, Up or down?

Listen and mark intonation arrows on the tags: (expect agreement) or (not sure)

1 They weren’t walking to work, were they?

2 Those dirty shirts were Nurse Turner’s, weren’t they?

3 The wards weren’t dirty, were they?

4 They weren’t speaking German, were they?

5 Those nurses were thirsty, weren’t they?

The Colonel and Sir Herbert were the worst patients in the ward, weren’t they?