Tthực hành cộng đồng 1 phần 2

- Thdi diem tien hanh cac hoat dong, vi du truyen thong giao due siic khoe to chiic vao buoi toi hoac sau gid an trifa ; tiem chung tien hanh vao mot ngay co dinh trong thang, chiidng tr

TO CHlfc HOAT DONG CUA TRAM Y TE XA

MUC TIEU

Sau khi hoc xong bai nay, sinh vien co khd nang:

1 Phan tich diidc tinh hinh nhan liic va thiic hien nhiem vu cua tram y te ndi sinh vien den thUc tap.

2 So sanh diidc thiic trang cd sd ha tang va trang thiet bi chu yeu cua tram y te

xa vdi chuan quoc gia ve y te xa.

3 Phan tich diidc cac nguon kinh p h i va sii dung kinh p h i cho hoat dong cua tram.

4 N han xet diidc cong tac quan ly diidc d tram y te xa.

1 Nhan lire va nhiem vu cua tram y te xa/phudng

1.1 Bwdc 1: gidi thieu ve nhan liic va nhiem vu cua tram

Sinh vien se difdc nghe can bo tram gidi thieu ve nhan life va nhiem vu cua tram y te xa

- Tinh hinh nhan life cua tram y te bao gom:

+ S6' lifdng can bo

+ Trinh do va sii tham gia cac ldp dao tao nghiep vu chuyen mon

+ Chute nang va nhiem vu cua tifng nhan vien y te

+ Moi quan he cong tac cua cac thanh vien vdi cong dong va cac nhan vien khac cua tram

- Tinh hinh thiic hien nhiem vu cua tram y te xa:

+ Ke hoach hoac nhiem vu cua tram y te va ke hoach cong tac nam ve cham soc sifc khoe cho ngifdi dan trdng cdng dong

+ Cac loai dich vu y te dang cung cap cho cong dong bao gom kham chifa benh va cac dich vu dii phdng

+ Tinh hinh siic khoe chung cua cong dong d thdi diem hien tai

+ So lifdng va dac diem doi tifdng sii dung cac dich vu y te cua tram (vi du dan so trong cong dong, mot sd dac diem nghe nghiep, van hoa, phong tuc tap quan cua cong dong cd anh hiidng den sdc khoe va hanh vi sii dung dich vu v te)

1.2 Bifdc 2: quan sat cac hoat dong cua tram y te va cua tiing can bo trong thdi

gian thac hanh

- Dia diem lam viec: tram y te, cong dong dan cii, triidng hoc

- Thdi diem tien hanh cac hoat dong, vi du truyen thong giao due siic khoe

to chiic vao buoi toi hoac sau gid an trifa ; tiem chung tien hanh vao mot ngay co dinh trong thang, chiidng trinh nha hoc diidng tien hanh 2 buoi/1 tuan triidc gid vao 16p

- Hoat dong chinh cua tiing nhan vien y te, vi du bac si cung cap cac loai dich vu lien quan den kham va chiia benh hang ngay ; can bo phu trach tiem chung

md rong quan ly cac loai sd sach co lien quan den tiem chung, dii tru vacxin, linh vacxin tif Trung tam Y te, phan cong nhiem vu cho cac can bo khac de chuan bi cho tiem chung, td chiic buoi tiem chung, ghi chep va bao cao buoi tiem chung ; can bo phu trach chiidng trinh dinh diidng thiidng ket hdp vdi cong tac vien dinh diidng d cong dong de td chiic theo doi can nang cho tre, truyen thong ve dinh diidng cho cong dong, quan ly cac loai sd sach va bao cao lien quan den chiidng trinh dinh diidng

- Xac dinh vai tro, nhiem vu, sii dong gop cua can bo tram trong viec dap ling nhu c lu cham soc siic khoe cho ngiidi dan cua tram y te xa

Churc danh

Nhiem vu

Hoat dong

cu the

Hoat dong hoan thanh

NhCmg diem can cai thien

benh-PhutrachTCMR

- Kham, ke ddn

Dii truvacxin

- LTnh Vaccin

- To chiic buoi tiem chung md rong

- Bao cao tiem chung

md rong

- Ke ddn

- Da dii tru

vacxin nhi/ng chiia du

Lap ke hoach

1.4 Budc 4: sinh vien thao luan nhom cac cau hoi sau:

- Bien che cua tram y te ve so' liidng va thanh phan co gi giong va khac so vdi bien che quy dinh cua Nha nifdc? Can dieu chinh, bo sung khong? Neu phai dieu chinh co tinh kha thi khong?

- Viec sap xep va phan cong cong viec co phu hdp k h 'n g ? Tai sao? Sinh vien tim hieu cach thiic hien nhiem vu chung cua tram gom bai phan chinh kham chiia benh tai tram va trien khai cac chiidng trinh y te quoc gia Dua tren sii phan tich ve: cO sd phan cong nhiem vu cho tiing thanh vien, trinh do chuyen mon, kha nang lam viec, khoi liidng cong viec cua moi thanh vien ma de thao luan ve ti'nh phu hdp khi giao nhiem vu cua triidng tram y te

- Tram y te co hoan thanh nhiem vu theo quy dinh khong? B^ng chiing la gi?

De tra ldi phan nay sinh vien do'i chieu ket qua dat diidc vdi muc tieu cua cac chiidng trinh/hoat dong y te va nhiem vu chung cua tram

- Tram y te co thuan ldi va kho khan gi khi thiic hien nhiem vu? Tram da lam gi de kh&c phuc nhiing kho khan? Nhiing diem nao ho can cai thien de lam viec co hieu qua hdn? Nen phan tich den khia canh nhan liic cua tram, kinh phi hoat dong, sii tham gia cua cac thanh vien trong tram vao cac hoat dong y te, sii ung ho cua chinh quyen dia phifdng va ngifdi dan khi thiic hien cac chiidng trinh y

te, cac chinh sach lien quan den y te dang trien khai tai dia phifdng, dieu kien dia

ly, kinh te va xa hoi cua cong dong

2 C a s a ha tang va trang thiet bj

2.1 So sanh thuc trang co so ha tang va trang thiet bi vdi chuan quoc gia v e y te xa

Cd sd ha tang

Tram d gan true giao thong, trung tam xa

Dien tich dat tren 500 m2

Tong the cong trinh:

- Khoi nha chinh, cong trinh phu trd

- San phdi, vi/dn mau trong cay thuoc

- Cay xanh bong mat chiem tren 30% dien tich khu dat

- Co hang rao bao ve, co cong, bien tram

Khoi nha chinh:

- Cap cong trinh toi thieu cap III

- Dien tich toi thieu: tren 90m2

- So phong chiic nang chinh 8-9 phong:

+ Tuyen truyen tii van

+ Don tiep va quay/tu thuoc

+ Kham benh va so cuu

+ Dich vu ke hoach hoa gia dinh

+ Dd de

+ Sau de

+ Liru benh nhan

+ Rira, tiet trung

+ Kham chCra benh bang y hoc co truyen

Khoi phu trd bao g6m: nha bep, nha kho, be nifdc, nha ve sinh, nha de xe

He thong ky thuat ha tang:

- Difdc noi vdi dien lifdi hoac co may phat dien

- Co mot thue bao dien thoai trifc tiep

- Co ngucn nude sinh hoat dam bao ve sinh va on djnh

Duy tu, bao difdng: cd sd ha tang di/dc duy tu, bao difdng djnh ky m6i

nam 1 lan vao quy IV hang nam

Trang thiet bj

Trang thiet bj cd ban cho can bo y te de thifc hien kham, dieu tri benh

nhan d tuyen dau tien: ong nghe, huyet ap, nhiet ke, bdm kim tiem va

cac trang thiet bj cap cifu thong thifdng ban dau

Bo dung cu kham chuyen khoa cd ban: mat, tai mui hong, rang ham mat

Tai cac tram y te co bac sT lam viec: may khi dung, kinh hien vi, may xet

nghiem ddn gian

Trang thiet bj chc kham, dieu trj san phu khoa, ke hoach hoa gia dinh,

dd de, cap cCru sd sinh va cham soc tre

Trang bj ve sd che, bao quan thuoc dong y: chao sao thuoc, can thuoc,

tu thuoc dong y, dao cau, thuyen tan, kim cham cifu

Trang thiet bj phuc vu cho chifdng trinh y te quoc gia, chong mu loa,

cham soc rang mieng, nha hoc dudng va cac chifdng trinh CSSK khac

Trang thiet bj de thifc hien cong tac truyen thong giao due sifc khoe

trong cong dong

Thiet bj va dung cu tiet khuan: noi hap, tu say, noi luoc dung cu

Thiet bj noi that: tu, ban ghe, giifdng benh, tu dau giifdng

Thiet bj theng dung: den dau, den pin, may bdm nifdc

Tui y te thon ban: moi thon tif 1-2 tui de thifc hien cac djch vu cd ban

nhif: tiem , sd cifu, truyen thong giao due sifc khoe

Tui de sach doi vdi cac xa mien nui, vung sau, vung xa

2.2 Thao luan nhom

Sinh vien thao luan nhom de tra ldi cac cau hoi sau:

- Cd sd ha tang va trang thiet bi co dap ilng difdc yeu cau thifc hien nhiem

vu cua tram khong?

- Loai trang thiet bi nao can bo sung de dam bao chu&n quoc gia?

- Nguon kinh phi nao de nang cap tram y te xa?

- Sinh vien phan tich khi'a canh kinh te trong viec sii dung trang thiet bi, tram y te co nhat thiet phai bo sung mcfi trang thiet bi khong hay chi can sda chda

va nang cap thiet bi, sii tiidng xdng ve mdc do sd dung trang thiet bi so vdi nhu cau kham chiia benh cua ngifdi dan trong cong dong

- Tram y te sd dung cd sd vat chat va trang thiet bi co hieu qua khong? Neu khong thi lam the nao de sd dung tot hdn?

- Sinh vien thao luan, phan tich ve tan suat sd dung cac loai trang thiet bi lien quan den cung cap dich vu so vdi so lifdng ngifdi dan den sd dung de tim ra cau tra ldi

3 Kinh phi hoat dong cua tram y te

3.1 Budc 1

Lang nghe can bo y te trinh bay ve nguon kinh phi va sd dung kinh phi cua

tram y te, bao gom so liiOng cua cac nguon thu va so lifdng cua cac khoan chi cho

hoat dong cua tram y te

3.2 Budc 2

Liet ke theo bang kinh phi cua Tram y te xa

Cac nguon kinh phi So tien /nam Ghi chu

- Trung tam Y te

- Lifdng can bo

- Phu cap dien nifdc

- Kham, chCfa benh

- Cac chifdng trinh y te

- Chifdng trinh a,b

- Thu phi kham benh

- Ngan sach cua xa

- Cac nguon thu khac

3.3 Budc 3: thao luan nhom

Sinh vien thao luan nhom de tra ldi cac cau hoi sau:

- Ngan sach Nha nifdc cap co dam bao cho cac hoat dong cua tram y te xa khong?

- Cac nguon kinh phi bo sung cho hoat dong cua tram la gi?

- Co dap dng difdc cho hoat dong cua tram khong?

- Tram y te sd dung kinh phi co hdp ly khong? co hieu qua khong?

- Chinh sach tai chinh ap dung cho ngifdi ngheo, dien chinh sach, che do hifdng ldi cua nhan vien y te cong dong la nhdng gi va lam nhii the nao?

- De thao luan pnan nay dtfdc de dang sinh vien nen phan tich ve cac nguon

thu, so liidng so vdi cac khoan muc, so' ludng chi cua tram y te xa hang ky.

4 Cong tac quan ly duoc tai tram y te

4.1 B u d c 1

L in g nghe can bo phu trach diidc gidi thieu ve cong tac diidc cua tram y te:

- Nguon kinh phi de mua thuoc va quay vong von thuoc tai tram

- Cd sd de liia chon thuoc de mua thuoc cho tram

- Nguon cung cap thuoc cho tram y te xa va phiidng thiic thanh toan

- Danh muc thuoc hien co cua tram v te xa

- Bao quan thuoc tai tram

- PhiiOng thiic cap phat va ban thuoc cua tram y te xa

- Cac loai so sach iien quan tdi cong tac diidc cua tram

4.2 BUOC 2

Sinh vien thao luan n’nung van de sau:

- Tram co quay thuoc khong?

- Co du thuoc theo danh muc thuoc thiet yeu khong?

- Thuoc co diidc bao quan theo yeu cau ghi tren nhan khong?

- Tu thuoc co ngan chua thuoc doc va thuoc gay nghien rieng theo quy che khong?

- Co du thuoc cap ciiu n en g tai piiong Kham va iuon co du cd so thuoc cap ciiu thong thiidng tren dia ban va thuoc chong soc khong?

- Thuoc co dap ling nhu cau chiia benh cua nhan dan trong xa? co tinh trang thuoc thiia thieu hoac qua han khong?

- Nhiing diem can bo sung, dieu chinh de dam bao ch u ln quoc gia ve thuoc thiet yeu va sii dung thuoc an toan hdp ly tai tram v te xa la gi ?

TL/LirO NG GIA

1 Cau hoi luong gia

1 Nhan liic cua tram y te co dat so vdi tieu chuln quy dinh cua Bo Y te khong9

2 Sii phan cong cong viec cho cac thanh vien co phu hdp khong9 tai sao9

3 Nhiing nhiem vu nao tram y te da hoan thanh? N hung nhiem vu nao chiia hoan thanh?

4 Nhiing diem thuan ldi va kho khan cua tram v te khi thuc hien nhiem vu

la gi?

5 Cd sd ha tang va trang thiet bi y te co dat chuan quoc gia khong? Nhiing diem can bo sung de dat diidc chuan quoc gia?

6 Cac nguon kinh phi cung cap cho tram y te xa hoat dong? Cac khoan chi cua tram y te la gi? Viec sti dung nguon kinh phi co hieu qua khong?

7 Quan ly thuoc cua tram co dat chuan quoc gia khong? Nhiing giai phap nao can dUdc thuc hien de k h lc phuc nhiing diem con ton tai cua tram y te ve quan ly thuoc?

8 Danh gia hoat dong cua Tram y te xa theo cac phan sau:

- Quan ly nhan liic:

+ So vdi thong tii lien bo so 08/TTLB ngay 20/4/1995 hiidng dan mot so" van

de ve to chiic va che do chinh sach doi vdi y te cd sd bien che va cd cau co phu hdp khong ?

+ Tram co du phong lam viec can thiet khong ?

+ Tram co phong cho benh nhan san khoa va phu khoa khong ?

+ Tram co phong lam viec hanh chinh, phong diidc khong ?

+ Moi thon co it nhat mot y te thon ban lam viec khong ?

+ Y te thon ban co hoat dong deu dan khong ?

- Xa hoi hoa cong tac y te

+ Co ban chi dao cham soc siic khoe khong ?

+ Ban nay hoat dong co deu dan, co hieu qua khong ?

+ Co ke hoach y te diia vao nghi quyet Dang Uy khong ?

- Hieu qua cua chiidng trinh

+ Giao due va nang cao siic khoe

+ Xay diing goc truyen thong va nang cao siic khoe

+ To chiic noi chuyen, tii van siic khoe

+ Noi chuyen qua he thong truyen thanh cua xa may thang/1 lan

- Hoat dong ve sinh phong benh

+ Co phat hien sdm cac vu dich, ngo doc thiic pham kip thdi khong?

+ Co bien phap de phong va khong che kip thdi khong?

+ Ty le ho gia dinh co ho xi hdp ve sinh?

+ Ty le ho gia dinh xii ly rac va phan xuc vat dung cach?

- Kham chiia benh:

+ Binh quan so liidt ngiidi den kham tren 0,6 lan/ngiidi/nam khong?

+ Hoc sinh co diidc kham siic khoe hang nam tren 80% khong?

+ Ty le ngiidi tan tat diidc hudng dan va phuc hoi chiic nang tren 20% khong?

- Y hoc co truyen:

+ Ty le kham chiia benh b&ng y hoc co truyen tren 20%/nam khong?

+ Co ap dung cac bien phap chiia benh khong dung thuoc khong?

- Cham soc siic khoe tre em:

+ Ty le tiem chung dat tren 95% khong?

+ Tre em diicfi 2 tudi diidc theo doi tang triidng hang nam tren 90% khong?+ Chan doan dung va dieu tri dung phac do cho tre diidi 5 tudi va nhiem khuan ho hap dat tren 90%)/ nam khong?

- Cham soc siic khoe sinh san

+ Tat ca cac phu nii co thai diidc kham thai it nhat 1 lan triidc khi sinh khong?+ Ty le phu nii kham thai du 3 lan trong thdi ky thai nghen dat tren 75% khong?+ Ty le san phu khi sinh co can bo y te dd co dat tren 95% khong?

+ Ty le sii dung bien phap tranh thai dat tren 65%> khong?

+ Ty le phu nii trong do tudi sinh de diidc kham phu khoa tren 35%?

- Thuoc diidc quan ly dung quy che va co it nhat tren 60% loai thuoc thiet yeu?

- Thu chi dung quy dinh, ngiidi ngheo va doi tiidng chinh sach dtfdc kham chiia benh mien phi tai tram y te?

9 Truong tram y te co hoan thanh nhiem vu khong? Phan nay sinh vien tirtra ldi qua cac bang kiem sau?

Nam ro tinh hinh kinh te, vSn hoa, xa hoi, dan sd

Co cac chi so tinh hinh siic khoe va benh tat d thdi diem hien tai

Trao doi vdi chinh quyen, doan the ve benh tat

Xac dinh van de iru tien de giai quyet

Xay dung ke hoach giai quyet van de siic khoe

Lap ke hoach djnh ky cho toan tram y te

Phan cong cong viec cu the cho cac thanh vien va uy quyen khi can thiet

Quy dinh hop tram va bao cao dinh ky

Thu’c hien cac hoat dong de tao nguon kinh phi, kiem soat thu chi tai tram

Co theo doi vat tu’, trang thiet bi, hi/dng dan kiem tra, tong hdp, dii tru thuoc men

Phan cong trifc tai tram y te xa va kiem tra

Co di xuong cac thon va tham ho gia dinh

Co triic tiep hiidng dan, giam sat, kiem tra y te thon ban lam viec

Co ke hoach djnh ky danh gia hoat dong cua Tram y te

Co ke hoach tap huan chuyen mon, nghiep vu cho can bo tram va y te thon ban

Huy dong sir tham gia cua cong dong thong qua chinh quyen dja phifdng

Thiet lap cac mdi quan he cua Tram vdi chinh quyen dja phudng

To chiic lull trufva quan ly hd sd tai Tram

2 Hudng dan sinh vien tu luong gia

Qua ket qua thao luan nhom, sinh vien tim ra cau tra ldi Trinh bay nhiing diem chua ro hoac khong the tii tra ldi vdi can bo tram hoac giao vien de difdc giai dap (khong co dap an chung cho tat ca cac tram y te)

HUONG DAN TU HOC, TU NGHIEN CLTU, VAN DUNG THUC TE

1 Phuong phap hoc

B u d c 1: sinh vien on tap cac p h ln ly thuyet co lien quan den quan ly nhan life, vat tif, trang thiet bi, kinh phi, thuoc va nhiem vu cua tram y te xa, chuan quoc gia ve y te xa giai doan 2001-2010 bang cach on tap cac tai lieu co lien quan

Budc 2: thu thap nhiing thong tin lien quan den cac van de sinh vien quan

tam b in g cach quan sat, phong van, xem xet sd sach bao cao lien quan de co difdc thong tin can thiet

Budc 3: so sanh giiia ly thuyet va thifc te de co nhan xet cua ca nhan, sau do

thao luan nhom de tra ldi cac cau hoi/hifdng dan thao luan

Budc 4: tra ldi cac cau hoi liidng gia; do'i chieu nhiing kien thutc/ky nang da

hoc difdc vdi muc tieu bai hoc de ra tii do rut ra nhiing kinh nghiem /bai hoc thiic te

ve td chdc hoat dong cua tram y te xa

2 Van dung thuc te

Qua nhiing nhan xet ve tram y te xa ndi sinh vien thiic tap, rut ra nhiing bai hoc kinh nghiem ve td chifc hoat dong cho mot tram y te xa; phan dau de tram y te ndi sinh vien se lam viec dat diidc chuan quoc gia b in g cach sii dung co hieu qua nguon liic (con ngifdi, kinh phi, cd sd vat chat, trang thiet bi )

3 Tai lieu tham khao

1 Bo Y Te C huan quoc gia ve y te xa giai doan 2001-2010 Ban hanh kem theo quyet dinh so' 370/2002/Q D -B Y T , ngay 7 thang 2 nam 2002 cua Bo trifdng

Bo Y te

2 Pham Tri Dung Quan ly y te Bo Y te, To chiic Y te The gidi, Dii an phat trien he thong y te Y hoc 2001 125-131

4 Tai lieu dpc them

1 Bo mon Y Xa Hoi Hoc To chdc va quan ly y te Trifdng Dai hoc Y khoa Thai Nguyen 2004

2 Trifdng Dai hoc Y khoa Thai Nguyen Tai lieu hifdng dan thiic hanh CBE 2004

PHAN TICH HE THONG SO SACH, BAO CAO TAI TRAM Y TE XA

MUC TIEU

Sau khi hoc xong bai nay, sinh vien co khd nang:

1 Mo td ditdc he thong so sach bao cao tai tram y te cd sd

2 Thitc hanh ghi chep thong tin y te tai cd sd

3 Thong ke ditdc thong tin deviet bao cao dinh ky tai cd sd

Sinh vien thiic hanh theo cac bii6c sau:

1 Budc 1: gidi thieu cac d lu sd sach, bang bieu, bao cao

Sinh vien se diidc nghe va quan sat cac quyen sd chinh dang stf dung de quan

ly thong tin tai tram y te, bao gom:

- Cac loai sd theo quy dinh cua Bo Y te: tii sd A l den sd A12

- Cac sd theo quy dinh cua Sd y te

+ Kham phu khoa

+ Kiem nhap thuoc

+ So nhap thuoc ngiidi ngheo

+ Theo doi benh nhan tam than: cap phat thuoc, cap nhat thuoc

+ Theo doi phat trien the chat tre em <5 tudi

- Cac loai sd theo quy dinh cua tiing chiidng trinh y te:

2 Bi/dc 2: quan sat cach ghi chep, thong ke thong tin ban dau tai tram y te cd sdTrong qua trinh thiiuc hanh tai tram y te xa sinh vien quan sat cach can bo y

te cap nhat thong tin va thong ke cac thong tin can thiet de biet cach ghi chep dung

4 Budc 4: tien hanh thong ke cac thong tin cho bao cao dinh ky

Phan nay sinh vien tien hanh theo yeu cau cua can bo tram, thong thiidng tram tien hanh lam bao cao tong hdp hoat dong cua tram theo thang de liiu trii va bao cao den trung tam y te huyen Cac bao cao chiidng trinh y te diidc tien hanh theo qui dinh rieng cua tiing chiidng trinh va theo bieu mau quy dinh

5 Budc 5: thao luan nhom

Noi dung thao luan nhii sau:

- To chiic va s&p xep cac dau sd co liu va nhiidc diem gi? lam the nao de khac phuc diidc nhUdc diem?

- Noi dung thong tin trong cac cuon sd co cap nhat khong? chinh xac? Chong cheo giGa cac cuon sd? Cac giai phap de khac phuc ton tai?

- Lam the nao de thong ke sd lieu thii cap nhanh va chinh xac nhat tii nguon

so sach bao cao cua tram (theo yeu cau cua giao vien diia ra mot sd vi du cu the ve

nhiing thong tin can lay tai tram, vi du so tre trong dien tiem chung tiing loai

vacxin, sd tre diidc tiem du, so' tre tiem dam bao an toan )?

- He thong chiing tii ghi chep ban dau (chiing tii goc) ap dung cho tuyen y te

cd sd diidc bao quan bang cach nao?

- Dinh ky gom nhiing loai bao cao nao, bao cao co kip thdi khong? dap ling yeu cau khong?

- Cac thong tin trong bao cao co dam bao tinh chinh xac va trung thiic khong?

- Thong tin co diidc ghi chep ngay tai ndi, tai thdi diem phat sinh theo dung quy dinh

- Cac bao cao giii triic tiep t6i cd quan c6 tham quyen khong?

- Nhiing diem tram y te can cai thien de dam bao yeu cau quan ly thong tin tai tram cd sd cua Bo Y te?

TU LUONG GIA

1 Cau hoi lifdng gia

1 So sanh quan ly thong tin y te d cd sd so vcfi quy che ve tho"ng ke y te (ban hanh kem theo quyet dinh cua Bo triidng Bo Y te so 379/2002/QD-BYT ngay 8/2/2002)? tii do diia ra cac nhan xet ve quan ly thong tin d cd sd?

2 Danh gia cac loai so sach cua tram y te qua bang sau

So theo doi sot ret

So theo doi Lao

So theo doi phong va da lieu

So theo doi m lt hot va mu loa

So theo doi tam than, nghien hilt,

HIV/AIDS

So theo doi budu cd

Cac loai sd khac cua tram

Cac tieu chi' danh gia sd sach:

- Chat lifdng: ghi chep day du, ro rang, khong bo sot

- Cap nhat thong tin: khoa hoc, tin cay, de tim kiem

- Bao quan: giuf gin va liiu truf tot

3 Tinh toan cac chi sd tu: cac cuon sd:

- So kham benh:

+ So' ngiidi kham benh binh quan/ngiidi/thang

+ Ty le benh nhan theo gidi,tudi, chinh sach (ngheo, bao hiem , )

+ Ty le benh nhan dieu tri noi tru, ngoai tru

+ Ty le benh nhan cap ciiu, benh nhan chuyen tuyen

+ Ty le mac tiing loai benh

- So tiem chung:

+ So" tre trong dien tiem chung theo tudi, gidi

+ Ty le tra diidc tiem ,uong du cac loai vacxin

- So kham thai

+ Ty le phu nii co thai/ phu nii tii 15 den 49 tudi

+ Ty le phu nut difdc kham thai

+ So lan kham thai trung binh cho moi thai phu

+ Ty le thai phu diidc tiem phong uon van

4 Viet bao cao thang ve hoat dong cua tram y te cd sd theo bieu mau quy dinh

ma tram y te dang ap dung

2 Hudng dan sinh vien tulucfng gia

Qua ket qua thao luan nhom, sinh vien tim ra cau tra ldi Trinh bay nhiing diem chiia ro hoac khong the tii tra ldi vdi can bo tram hoac giao vien de diiOc giai dap (khong co dap an chung cho tat ca cac tram y te)

HUCJNG DAN TL/ HOC, TL/ NGHIEN CLfU, VAN DUNG THUC TE

1 Phucfng phap hpc

Budc 1: sinh vien doc cac phan ly thuyet co lien quan den quan ly thong tin y

te va quy che ve thong ke y te (ban hanh kem theo quyet dinh cua Bo triidng Bo Y

Te so' 379/2002/Q D -BYT ngay 8/2/2002) tii do diia ra cac nhan xet ve quan ly thong tin d cd sd

Budc 2: thu thap nhiing thong tin lien quan den viec quan ly thong tin 6

tram y te cd sd quan sat, phong van/ thao luan v6i can bo tram, xem xet so sach bao cao lien quan de co diidc thong tin can thiet

Budc 3: so sanh giiia ly thuyet va thiic te de co nhan xet cua ca nhan, sau do

thao luan nhom de tra ldi cac cau hoi/hii6ng dan thao luan

Budc 4: tra ldi cac cau hoi liidng gia; doi chieu nhiing kien thiic/ky nang da hoc diidc vdi muc tieu bai hoc de ra tii do rut ra nhiing kinh nghiem /bai hoc thiic te

ve quan ly thong tin y te d cd sd

2 Van dung thuc te

Qua nhiing nhan xet ve quan ly thong tin y te d cd sd , sinh vien rut ra nhiing bai hoc kinh nghiem de van dung trong viec quan ly thong tin y te d cac cd sd y te mot cach co khoa hoc, tii khau cap nhat so lieu ban dau, cach sap xep so lieu, liia chon nguon thong tin, thong ke so lieu tii so sach hay bao cao, cho cong tac quan

ly y te noi chung

3 Tai lieu tham khao

1 Bo Y Te Chuan quoc gia ve y te xa giai doan 2001-2010 Ban hanh kem theo quyet dinh so 370/2002/QD-BYT, ngay 7 thang 2 nam 2002 cua Bo triidng Bo Y te

2 Quy che ve thong ke y te (ban hanh kem theo quyet dinh cua Bo triidng Bo

Y Te so 379/2002/Q D-BYT ngay 8/2/2002

3 Pham Tri Dung Quan ly y te Bo Y te, To chiic Y te The gi6i, Dii an phat trien he thong y te Y hoc 2001 125-131

THI/C HIEN CHUDNG TRINH SOT RET, TIEM CHUNG MD RONG TAI TUYEN Y TE XA

MUC TIEU

Sau khi hoc xong bai nay, sinh vien co khd nang:

1 N han xet diidc thitc trang hoat dong cua chiictng trinh phong chong sot ret tai tuyen xa.

2 N han xet diidc thiic trang hoat dong cua chiidng trinh tiem chung md rong tai tuyen xa.

1 B i/dc 1: gi6i thieu cac chiidng trinh muc tieu y te quoc gia hien dang trien khai tai xa, muc tieu va dinh hii6ng cua cac chiidng trinh

2 Bi/dc 2: sinh vien thiic hanh theo cac bii6c sau

3.1 Sinh vien lang nghe can bo phu trach chiidng trinh phong chong sot ret trinh bay cach to chiic trien khai chiidng trinh, gi6i thieu cach ghi chep cac so sach,bieu mau, bao cao cua chiidng trinh

Trong khi thiic hanh sinh vien can chu y quan sat, tim hieu nhiing noi dung

ve to chiic thiic hien chifOng trinh phong chong sot ret nhii sau:

- Lap ke hoach phong chong sot ret tai xa: co phu hdp v6i muc tieu dinh

hiidng cua chiidng trinh khong? co can cii vao tinh hinh benh sot ret cua dia

phiidng? Sinh vien nen tim hieu cac yeu to" khach quan va chu quan co the tac dong den tinh hinh sot ret cua xa trong nam nhii giao liiu, bien dong dan cii, kha nang nhan liic, tai chinh, cua xa

- Cong tac phat hien dieu tri quan ly m lm benh: so" ngiidi phai dieu tri cat cdn tai xa9 So lam mau ma tram y te da xet nghiem ? So" ngiidi phai dieu tri chong tai phat,

- Cong tac phong chong va diet vec td: thiic te d xa da thiic hien phun hoa chat nhii the nao? So dan diidc bao ve trong xa la bao nhieu? Co phu hdp vdi muc tieu cua chiidng trinh khong? Van de tam man d xa co diidc thiic hien khong9 Thiic hien nhii the nao?

- Nhan liic de thiic hien chiidng trinh phong chong sot ret d xa ra sao ? Du hay thieu? Co can bo sung khong?

- Cong tac truyen thong giao due ve phong chong sot ret cho nhan dan tai xa

co dude trien khai tot hay khong? Nhiing kho khan va thuan ldi trong cong tac nav? Cach khac phuc kho khan de hoan thanh nhiem vu?

- Cong tac tham miiu chi dao trien khai chiidng trinh cua tram v te veil chinh quven dia phiidng: co thanh lap Ban chi dao khong? Ban chi dao hoat dong nhii the nao? co deu dan va hieu qua khong?

- Cong tac quan ly cac dung cu, vat tii, thuoc men, hoa chat, kinh phi phuc

vu cho chiidng trinh co day du khong? Cach quan ly va sii dung thiic te tai xa nhii the nao?

- So sach bieu mau bao cao thong ke cua chiidng trinh: sinh vien can xem cac

so nhii kham benh va dieu tri benh nhan sot ret, so quan ly benh nhan sot ret, danh sach ngiidi lay lam mau giii di xet nghiem sd nhap thuoc vat tii, hoa chat phong chong sot ret cua tram y te,

3.2 Sinh vien lang nghe can bo phu trach chiidng trinh tiem chung md rong trinh bay cach td chiic trien khai chiiOng trinh, gidi thieu cach ghi chep cac sd sach, bieu mau, bao cao cua chiidng trinh

Trong khi thiic hanh sinh vien can chu y quan sat, tim hieu nhiing noi dung

ve td chiic thiic hien chiidng trinh tiem chung nhii sau:

- Dia diem td chiic: co gan dan, theo 1 chieu, khong un tac khong?

Co kham phan loai dung khong? Co hiidng dan cho ba me ve chi dinh tiem chung khong? Thdi gian chd ddi tiem nhii the nao?

- Phiidng tien tiem chung: co phich lanh tot, sach, nhiet ke? Co du bdm kim tiem khong?

- Khau vo trung: can bo y te tiem co ao, mu, khau trang, riia tay sach bang

xa phong, niidc sach triidc khi tiem khong? Vo trung dung cu dam bao theo dung quy dinh khong? Co thiic hien tiem 1 bom tiem, 1 kim tiem cho 1 mui tiem khong? Can bo y te co thao tac gon, sach khi tiem hay khong?

- Ky thuat tiem: Tiem BCG: noi da cam 7 mm: d cd Delta trai: Tiem BH-HG- UV3; UV2? Tiem bap co dung ky thuat khong? Du lieu khong? Tiem Sdi: Tiem dii6i

da dung ky thuat? Du lieu? Uong Sabm 3: Uong dung ky thuat? Du lieu?

Sinh vien triic tiep kiem tra ngau nhien tre da tiem BCG xem co seo khong?

- Tre trong do tudi tiem chung co diidc tiem dung theo dung lich khong?

- Bao quan vacxin co thiic hien theo dung quy dinh khong? (sinh vien doc nhiet ke kiem tra thiic te)

- Thong ke bao cao: ghi chep day du, dung theo quy dinh khong? De tong ket khong?

So theo ddi benh truyen nhiem tre em: ghi chep du dung? Ro va sach se?

So quan ly vacxin: ghi chep du, dung? Ro va sach se?

Bao cao tiem chung: sd lieu day du khong? So lieu chinh xac?

Tram y te co lap bang hay bieu do tiem chung khong?

- Dieu hanh tiem chung: co thanh lap Ban chi dao TC khong? Hop deu co chiidng trinh cu the? Tinh hinh hoat dong cua Ban chi dao co deu dan khong?

- Thai do CB tiem chung: niem nd, nhiet tinh hay khong?

- Co long ghep TCM R vdi cac cong viec khac nhu uong vitam in A can do, kham chiia benh cho tre khong?

Sinh vien lin g nghe, quan sat va ghi chep nhiing thong tin c ln thiet trong khi can bo tram y te gidi thieu, hiidng dan

- Sinh vien thiic hanh quan sat cac bien ban ma tram y te da trien khai chiidng trinh, tham khao cach ghi chep cac sd sach, bieu m lu , bao cao ve cac chiidng trinh muc tieu y te quoc gia

3 Budc 4: thao luan nhom

Sinh vien thao luan theo cac noi dung sau:

1 Hien co bao nhieu chiidng trinh muc tieu y te quoc gia dang diidc trien khai tai xa? Ten cua cac chiidng trinh?

2 Cach td chiic trien khai hoat dong chiidng trinh sot ret tai xa ra sao? Cach ghi chep sd sach, bieu mau, bao cao cua chiidng trinh nhii the nao? Ket qua dat diidc cua chiidng trinh trong cong tac phong chong sot ret tai xa so vdi muc tieu dinh hiidng cua nganh Y te de ra cd hoan thanh tot khong? N hiing khd khan, thuan ldi khi thiic hien chiidng trinh? Cach khac phuc nhiing khd khan de thiic hien chiidng trinh cd hieu qua hdn?

3 Cach td chiic trien khai hoat dong chiidng trinh tiem chung md rong tai xa

ra sao? Cach ghi chep sd sach, bieu mau, bao cao cua chiidng trinh nhii the nao? Ket qua dat diidc cua chiidng trinh tai xa so vdi muc tieu dinh hiidng cua nganh Y

te de ra cd hoan thanh tot khong? Nhiing khd khan, thuan ldi khi thiic hien chiidng trinh? Cach khac phuc nhiing khd khan de thiic hien chiidng trinh cd hieu qua hdn?

4 So sanh giiia thiic te va ly thuyet ve cach td chiic thiic hien chiidng trinh tii

dd rut ra nhiing kinh nghiem de cd the giup cho viec td chiic thiic hien chiidng trinh

y te quoc gia tai tuyen y te cd sd dat hieu qua hdn

Trong qua trinh thao luan sinh vien ghi lai nhiing cau hoi cdn chiia ro de hoi can bo tram y te hoac de nghi giao vien giai dap

TL/LLfONG GIA

1 Cau hoi lupng gia

1 Nhiing cong viec cu the trong viec td chiic trien khai chiidng trinh phdng chong sot ret tai xa la gi? So sanh giiia thiic te va ly thuyet cd gi giong va khac nhau?

2 Nhiing cong viec cu the trong viec td chiic trien khai chiidng trinh tiem chung

md rong tai xa la gi? So sanh giiia thiic te va ly thuyet cd gi giong va khac nhau?

3 Nhiing thuan ldi va khd khan cua tram y te khi thiic hien chiidng trinh?

f , O 0 x

4 Cach tham mifu cua tram y te xa vdi cap Uy Dang, chinh quyen sii phoi hop vdi cac ban nganh, doan the de huy dong nguon liic, kinh phi cho hoat dong cua cac chUdng trinh muc tieu y te quoc gia dat ket qua tot ra sao?

2 Hudng dan sinh vien tu ludng gia

Qua ket qua thao luan nhom, cac y kien thao luan diiOc thong nhat ngay sau buoi hoc chinh la phan dap an cho cac cau hoi tii liiOng gia cua sinh vien Trinh bay nhiing diem chiia ro, cdn thac mac de nghi vdi can bo tram y te hoac giao vien de diidc giai dap

HUClNG DAN T ii HOC, TL/ NGHIEN CL/U, VAN DUNG THL/C TE

1 Phudng phap hoc

Sinh vien doc tai lieu phan ly thuyet cd lien quan den cac noi dung hoc tap trong bai giang, danh dau nhiing diem cdn khd hieu hoac chiia ro de thao luan vdi cac ban sinh vien khac trong khi hoc hoac hoi giao vien de diidc giai dap

Sinh vien nen chu dong hoc hoi va de nghi vdi can bo Trung tam giup dd khi can thiet

2 Van dung thuc te

Qua thiic hanh tai tram y te xa, sinh vien tim hieu diidc ve thiic trang td chiic

va quan ly chiidng trinh muc tieu y te quoc gia phdng chong sot ret va chiidng trinh tiem chung md rong dang diidc trien khai tai tram y te xa, tii dd sinh vien cd kha nang doi chieu so sanh giiia nhiing kien thiic diidc hoc trong bai ly thuyet vdi thiic

te diidc chiing kien, diia ra nhiing nhan xet ve thiic trang viec thiic hien cac chiidng trinh muc tieu y te quoc gia, van dung diidc nhiing kinh nghiem thiic te de cd the giup cho viec td chiic chi dao va quan ly chiidng trinh y te quoc gia tai tuyen y te cd

sd diidc tot hdn

3 Tai lieu tham khao

1 Bo Y te Cac van ban hiidng dan thiic hien chiidng trinh muc tieu quoc gia

phdng, chong mot so benh xa hoi, benh dich nguy hiem va HIV/AIDS giai doan

6 Bo mon Y xa hoi hoc To chiic va quan ly y te Triidng Dai hoc Y khoa Thai Nguyen 2006

7 Triidng Dai hoc Y khoa Thai Nguyen Tai lieu day/hoc mon hoc cong dong

1 2006

CHAN DOAN CONG DONG

MUC TIEU

Sau khi thiic hanh xong bai nay sinh vien co khd nang:

1 Thiic hien diidc cac biidc chan doan cong dong de p h at hien ra van de siic khoe cdn can thiep d cong dong ndi sinh vien thiic te.

2 N han thiic diidc tam quan trong cua chan doan cong dong la mot ky nang cdn thiet cua ngiidi cdn bo y te cong dong.

1 Sd do qua trinh thi/c hanh chan doan cong dong

2- Tien hanh cac bi/dc chan doan cong dong

2.1 Chuan bj: sinh vien can chuan bi nhiing noi dung sau:

- Cac kien thiic can xem lai: cac budc chan doan cong dong, ky thuat chon

m iu , co m lu , cac phifdng phap thu thap thong tin, mot so" test thong ke de xii ly so' lieu

- Lap ke hoach cho cac budc chan doan cong dong (Xem phan Hudng dan sinh vien tu hoc, tu nghien cUu va van dung thiic te)

2.2 Thut hanh chan doan cong dong

B u d c 1: thu thap chi so

Tuy theo muc dich, quy mo cua chan doan cong dong d dia phudng ma sinh vien thuc tap (thong thudng theo noi dung ma nha trudng dinh hudng), can xac dinh cac loai so lieu can thu thap, cac phudng phap thu thap cac so' lieu dd, nguon cua cac sd lieu cd the lay tti dau, tti dd len ke hoach thu thap so' lieu

Cd hai loai so' lieu:

- So lieu sd cap: la cac so' lieu thu thap lan dau phuc vu cho muc dich cuoc chan doan cong dong nay PhUdng phap thu thap cac loai so' lieu nay cd the la dinh lUdng (phdng van dieu tra ho gia dinh), ket hop dinh tinh (phdng van cac can bo y

te, lanh dao dia phUdng, ngUdi dan; thao luan nhom; quan sat; kham hay xet nghiem sang loc )

- So' lieu thii cap: la cac so lieu thu thap tti cac nguon san cd nhu so sach, bao cao, ho so lUu trti tai dia phudng

Tien hanh thu thap so' lieu:

+ So' lieu thti cap: xem xet cac ho sO, so sach san cd tai tram y te va Uy bannhan dan xa theo tting nhom chi so' Vi du: cac chi so'v e dan so', kinh te,

van hoa, xa hoi cua ngudi dan trong xa: xem sd sach tai Uy ban nhan dan

xa hoac mot so' bao cao tong ket tai tram; Cac chi so've siic khoe benh tat

va chi so' phuc vu cua y te: Xem cac so kham chiia benh, sd de, sd ghi chep cac chUdng trinh y te da va dang thiic hien tai tram y te xa

+ So lieu sd cap:

Dieu tra ho gia dinh theo phieu: can lien he vdi tram y te de giup lap danh sach cac ho gia dinh theo cd mau da chon va xuong ho gia dinh de thu thap thong tin Sii dung bo cau hoi dUdc xay diing san de thu thap thong tin

Quan sat: cd the quan sat trong khi di dieu tra, trong khi song va hoc tai cong dong ve tat ca cac hien tUdng xay ra trong cong dong cd lien quan den muc tieu chan doan cong dong Nhiing thong tin cd the thu thap dUOc qua quan sat nhU: tinh hinh ve sinh moi trUOng (xii ly phan nUdc,

ra c ); Nguon o nhiem; Thdi quen sinh hoat cua ngUdi dan trong cong dong, thdi quen cham soc stic khoe cua ngudi dan, thiic hien nhiem vu cua can bo y te

Phong van / thao luan vdi mot sd can bo y te, lanh dao dia phudng ngifdi dan trong cong dong ve nhUng van de ma thong tin thu difdc qua cac

phifdng phap khac (dieu tra, so lieu s in cd) tra ldi chua ro.

Sd lieu sau khi thu thap difdc can difdc xii ly theo mot sd thuat toan thong ke ddn gian de tif dd cd the rut ra difdc cac thong tin can thiet cho xac dinh van de siic khoe va lua chon ifu tien

B iid c 2: xac dinh van de siic khoe

Sau khi thu thap difdc day du cac thong tin phuc vu cho chan doan cong dong, cac thong tin nay can difdc tong hdp va xii ly theo cac phifdng phap thong ke y hoc Tii ket qua phan tich, xii ly thong tin, nhom chan doan cong dong rut ra difdc cac chi so’ Chon ra mot so' van de cd cac chi so' ndi bat ndi len mot tinh trang khong tot nao dd ve siic khoe Sii dung bang tieu chuan xac dinh van de stic khoe de xac dinh van de nao thifc sif la van de siic khoe

Lifu y: de tien hanh cho diem xac dinh van de stic khoe difOc chinh xac, nhom chan doan cong dong can thao luan cung vdi dai dien can bo y te, lanh dao va ngifdi dan dia phifdng Diem difdc xac dinh difa tren y kien tan thanh cua da so' ngifdi trong nhom

Phudng phap thong dung nhat la sii dung bang xac dinh van de siic khoe

Bang tieu chuan xac djnh van de siic khoe

Diem Tieu chuan xac dinh VOSK ~~~— -—

Diem Van

1 Cac chi sd bieu hien van de ay da vifdt qua miic binh thifdng

2.Cong dong da biet ten cua van de ay va da cd phan ling rd rang

3 Da cd dii kien va hanh dong cua nhieu ban nganh, doan the

4 Ngoai sd can bo y te, trong cong dong cd mot nhom ngudi kha

thong thao ve van de dd

Tong so

Cach cho diem:

3 diem: rat rd rang;

2 diem: rd rang;

1 diem: cd the khong rd

Cach nhan dinh ket qua:

Tif 9-12 diem: cd van de siic khoe dd trong cong dong;

Difdi 9 diem: van de chifa rd

Biiofc 3: liia chon van de siic khoe uu tien:

Bang tieu chuan liCa chon van de siic khoe Uu tien

~~~~~~~—

Diem Van de

1 Muc do pho bien cua van de (nhieu ngudi mac hoac lien quan)

2 Gay tac hai Ion (tir vong, tan phe, ton hai tdi kinh te, xa hoi)

3 Anh hudng tdi ldp ngudi co khd khan (ngheo khd, mu chur,

vung heo lanh)

4 Da co ky thuat va phudng tien giai quyet

5 Kinh phi chap nhan dUdc

6 Cong dong s in sang tham gia giai quyet

Tong so

Cach cho diem:

3 diem: rat ro rang;

2 diem: r5 rang;

1 diem: co the khong r5

Cach nhan dinh ket qua:

Xet va giai quyet Uu tien tu: van de co diem cao tdi van de co diem thap

V i d u : thuc hien chan doan cong dong de lua chon ra van de siic khoe c ln can thiep nham cai thien siic khoe cho ngifdi dan d xa Seng Sui, huyen Xi Ma Cai, tinh Lao Cai

B u d c 1: Ket qua thu thap cac chi so" de chan doan cong dong tai xa Seng Sui, huyen Si Ma Cai, tinh Lao Cai , thang 12/2005 nhu sau:

- Chinh quven doan the da hop ban cach giai quyet van de: sot ret nhiem khu&n ho hap cap tieu chay

- Cd sd vat chat dap Ung dUdc yeu cau

B itdc 2: xac dinh van de siic khoe

Tieu chuan xac djnh

van de sure khoe

Diem Sot

ret

NKH HC

Dau bung giun

Benh khac

1 Cac chi sd bieu hien van de

2.Cong dong da biet ten cua van

de ay va da co phan ling ro

rang

3 Da co du kien va hanh dong

4 Ngoai sd can bo y te, trong

cong dong co mot nhom ngudi

kha thong thao ve van de do

Tieu chuan de xet Uu tien ~~~

Sot ret Budu co Tieu

chay

1 MUc do pho bien cua van de (nhieu nguoi mac hoac

lien quan)

2 Gay tac hai I6n (tir vong, tan phe, ton hai tdi kinh te, xa hoi) 3 2 3

3 Anh hudng tdi ldp ngudi cd khd khan (ngheo khd, mu

chu, vung heo lanh)

Tieu chay la van de co diem cao nhat duoc chon la van de sUc khoe Uu tien de giai quyet trUdc, sot ret va budu co se giai quyet sau

2 Gidi thieu muc dfch cuoc phong van va de nghi

ngudi duoc phong van danh thdi gian tra ldi cau

hoi

1

5 Co cac cau dan khi chuyen phan mdi cua bo cau

hoi

1

8 Lam sach phieu dieu tra ngay khi ket thuc cuoc

phdng van

2

9 Tong diem

Cach cho diem

Khong lam, lam sai: 0 diem

Lam khong tot: 1 diem

Lam mtic do trung binh: 2 diem

Lam tot: 3 diem

Cach danh gia

22 - 26 diem: gidi

16 - 21 diem: kha

12 - 15 diem: trung binh

< 12 diem: kem

Thang diem li/dng gia ky nang thu thap thong tin thu" cap

theo phudng phap dieu tra cong dong

Xac dinh dupe ndi cd the cung cap cac

nguon de thu thap thong tin thu" cap (Tram

y te, Uy ban nhan dan, trudng hoc )

1

Ky nang giao tiep va thu thap thdng tin

4

Gidi thieu muc dich viec thu thap thong tin

vdi ngi/di chju trach nhiem quan ly nguon

thong tin

1

5 Tim dung nguon thong tin can thu thap (So

6 Li/a chon dung nhung thong tin phu hop

7 Thu thap thong tin day dd, chinh xac theo

8

Trinh bay thong tin thu diroc theo cac cach

hop ly (Dirdi dang tan sd, ty le phan tram,

bieu do hay do thj, ban do )

1

9 Sap xep lai so sach, bao cao, ho so ngan

Tong diem

Cach cho diem

Khong lam, lam sai: 0 diem

Lam khong tot: 1 diem

Lam mtic do trung binh: 2 diem

Lam tot: 3 diem

Cach danh gia

25 - 31 diem: gioi

21 - 24 diem: kha

11 - 20diem: trung binh

< 1 1 diem: kem

Thang diem liidng gia ky nang xir ly thong tin tCr phieu dieu tra

(theo phiiong phap thu cong)

Lam viec ca nhan

2 Liet ke tom tat nhung thong tin can lay ra tCr bo cau

3 Tap hop thong tin chinh xac, trung thiic tii phieu

Ky nang lam viec nhom

4 Cung cac thanh vien nhom, kiem tra lai do chinh

Cung cac thanh vien nhom, tap hop thong tin

chinh xac, trung thiic tir cac bang trong ca nhan

vao bang trong cua nhom

1

6

Cung cac thanh vien nhom, thiic hien dung, du

cac test thong ke thong thi/dng theo yeu cau cua

bang trong (Tinh %, Chi square test, t test )

1

7 Cung cac thanh vien nhom, trinh bay so lieu tinh toan

duoc theo hinh thiic phu hop (bang, bieu do, do thj ) 1

8 Cung cac thanh vien nhom , nhan xet ket qua so

Tong diem

Cach cho diem

Khong lam, lam sai: 0 diem

Lam khong tot: 1 diem

Lam miic do trung binh: 2 diem

Lam tot: 3 diem

Cach danh gia

24 - 29 diem: gioi20

11

23 diem: kha

19 diem: trung binh

< 1 1 diem: kem

Thang diem liidng gia ky nang xac djnh van de sifc khoe

1 Sap xep cac thong tin thu diidc theo 4 nhom

2

Diia vao cac thong tin thu dude de liia chon

ra dude mot so van de de thao luan, phan

tich xac djnh van de siic khoe

1

3

Sii dung ky thuat cho diem de xac djnh van

de siic khoe (Cach cho diem, nhan djnh ket

qua, y nghia cac tieu chuan)

1

4

Cho diem diia vao sii thao luan cua nhieu

ngirdi lien quan (can bo y te, chinh quyen dja

phiiong, cong dong)

2

5 Diem dude cho diia vao sii thong nhat cua da so cac thanh vien trong nhom thao luan, 1

6 Xac djnh diidc chinh xac, khach quan cac van de siic khoe cua cong dong 1

Tong diem Cach cho diem

Khong lam, lam sai: 0 diem

Lam khong tot: 1 diem

Lam miic do trung binh: 2 diem

Lam tot: 3 diem

Cach danh gia

16 - 19 diem: gioi

12 - 15 diem: kha

7 - 1 1 diem: trung binh

< 7 diem: kem

Thang diem lUcJng gid ky nang lit a chon van de siic khoe Uu tien

Sir dung phiidng phap cho diem de lira chon

van de sure khoe ifu tien (Cach cho diem,

nhan djnh ket qua, y nghia cac tieu chuan)

1

3

Cho diem diia vao sir thao luan cua nhieu

ngifdi lien quan (can bo y te, chinh quyen dja

phifdng, cong dong)

2

4 Diem difdc cho dua vao sir thong nhat cua da so cac thanh vien trong nhom thao luan, 1

5 Xac djnh duoc chinh xac, khach quan van de

sCrc khoe iru tien cua cong dong

1

Tong diem

Khong lam, lam sai: 0 diem 15 - 16 diem: gioi

Lam khong tot: 1 diem 1 1 - 14 diem: kha

Lam miic do trung binh: 2 diem 6 - 10 diem: trung binh

HUCJNG DAN T l/ HOC, T l/ NGHIEN CLfU, VAN DUNG THUC TE

Day la bai hoc thifc hanh tai thuc dia, vi vay sinh vien c&n xem lai cac p h in ly thuyet co lien quan trifdc khi tien hanh Ky nang lam viec nhom dong vai tro rat quan trong de sinh vien hoan thanh muc tieu bai hoc Do do, trtfdc khi tien hanh, nhom can thong nhat ke hoach thifc hien

Ke hoach bao gom:

- Noi dung cong viec can thvfc hien: thu thap thong tin thii cap, sd cap xif ly thong tin, xac dinh van de sifc khoe, lvfa chon van de siic khoe Uu tien

- Thdi gian: bat dau tU khi nao den khi nao ket thuc

- NgUdi thuc hien: trong tufng bifdc cua chan doan cong dong co rat nhieu noi dung, do do phai co sii phan cong hdp ly giUa cac thanh vien trong nhom, tranh nhieu ngifdi cung lam mot viec se khong hieu qua Tuy nhien, co nhiing noi dung bat buoc moi thanh vien trong nhom c&n phai hoan thanh mdi co the hoan thanh difdc nhiem vu cua nhom Sau khi ke hoach difdc hoan thanh, nhom thuc hien theo

2 Van dung thirc te

Chan doan cong dong la mot ky thuat rat can thiet de xac dinh chi'nh xac van

de siic khoe cua cong dong, giup giai quyet van de siic khoe do mot cach toi Uu nhat trong nhting dieu kien khan hiem nhat ve nguon luc (nhan luc, tai liic va thdi gian) Khi tien hanh chan doan cong dong phai nghi t6i van de duoc chan doan lieu co thay doi dude trong mot khoang thoi gian ngan va nhat la co sU tham gia cua chi'nh cong dong do hay khong? Diia vao cac nguon luc va dieu kien thUc te cua cong dong

de xet Uu tien cho phu hop

3 Tai lieu tham khao

1 Chan doan cong dong Bo mon Dich te hoc - TrUdng Dai hoc Y Ha Noi - 1997

2 D inh hudng nghien ciiu stic khoe cong dong Bo mon Ve sinh - Moi TrUdng - D ich te - TrUOng dai hoc Y khoa Thai Nguyen - 1997

3 TrUOng dai hoc Y Ha Noi WHO

LAP KE HOACH TRUYEN THONG - GIAO DUC Sifc KHOE

MUC TIEU

Sau khi thitc hanh xong bai nay, sinh vien co khd nang

1 Lap ditdc ban ke hoach Truyen thong - Giao due site khoe (T T - G DSK) cho mot chu de lita chon tai cong dong ndi thitc tap.

1 Cac budc lap ke hoach Truyen thong - Giao due sure khoe

2 ThUc hanh lap ke hoach Truyen thong - Giao due stic khoe

2.1 Xac djnh chu de Truyen thong - Giao due sifc khoe

De giai quyet van de siic khoe Uu tien co the c in phoi hdp nhieu giai phap trong do TT - GDSK la mot giai phap ddn gian, de lam, khong ton kem Ve mat nguyen tic , van de can TT - GDSK diidc liia chon diia tren ket qua chan doan cong dong va cac thong tin ve chu triidng cham soc siic khoe nhan dan d dia phiidng Tuy nhien, van de can TT - GD SK cung co the dtfdc liia chon diia tren cac y kien, kinh nghiem cua cac can bo tai tram y te xa hoac co the long ghep vdi cac noi dung TT - GDSK theo ke hoach hoat dong cua tram y te tai thdi diem sinh vien thiic tap

Sau khi chu de TT - GDSK diidc xac dinh, nhom sinh vien se tien hanh lap ke hoach De ke hoach TT - GDSK diidc xay diing sat thiic te va mang tinh kha thi cao, sinh vien can trao doi, hoi y kien vdi cac can bo tram y te de diioc gop y.

2.2 Cac budc lap ke hoach

B ifd c 1: xac dinh muc tieu Truyen thong - Giao due siic khoe

* Chuan bi: de xac dinh dUOc chinh xac muc tieu TT - GDSK, sinh vien can co cac dii kien sau:

- Ket qua xac dinh nhu cau Truyen thong - Giao due siic khoe

- Biidc dau khao sat hanh vi cua cac doi tiidng ve van de dii dinh TT- GDSK

- Tim hieu cac yeu to" kinh te - van hoa - xa hoi d dia phiidng co the la yeu to" anh hiidng den hanh vi siic khoe cua ngiidi dan ve van de dii dinh TT - GDSK

- Cac noi dung cu the cua van de dii dinh TT - GD SK con ton tai tren thiic

te noi chu ng can giai quyet theo chu trUOng chinh sach cua Nha niidc hay cua dia phiiOng

- Ket qua thu thap thong tin ve kha nang huy dong nguon liic cho buoi T T - GDSK nhii so" ngiidi tham gia, thdi gian, dia diem va cac dieu kien can thiet khac

* Thao luan nhom: sinh vien thao luan nhiing cau hoi sau de xac dinh muc tieu TT - GDSK:

- Can xay diing cac muc tieu kien thiic nao?

- C ln xay diing cac muc tieu thai do nao?

- Can xay diing muc tieu thiic hanh khong? Muc tieu nao?

- Cac yeu cau cua muc tieu ra sao?

- 5 nguyen tac khi xay diing muc tieu diidc the hien nhii the nao?

* Viet muc tieu

* Xin y kien gop y cua can bo tram y te

* Hoan thien muc tieu

B ifd c 2: chon chien liidc thich hdp

Biidc nay sinh vien can thiic hien cac noi dung sau:

- Xac dinh doi tiidng dich

- Soan thao noi dung giao due

- Liia chon phiiong phap va phiidng tien TT - GDSK

* Xac dinh doi tiidng dich:

£)oi tiidng dich la doi tiidng se diidc truyen thong - giao due siic khoe Doi tiidng dich co the la doi tiidng true tiep hiidng ldi tii ket qua cua TT - GDSK (vl du:

TT - GDSK ve phong chong hut thuoc la cho nhiing ngiidi nghien thuoc la) Nhiing

doi tUOng dich cung co the khong phai la ngudi hudng ldi tti ket qua TT - GD SK (vi du: Doi tUdng dich cua buoi TT - GDSK ve phong chong suy dinh diidng cho tre du6i

5 tuoi la cac ba me co con dudi 5 tuoi nhung cac ba me nay khong diidc hiidng ldi tif ket qua buoi TT - GDSK ma la nhiing dtia tre con cua ho)

Sinh vien thao luan de xac dinh nhom doi tiidng dich, sau do trao doi vdi can

bo y te xa de difdc gop y

* Soan thao noi dung TT - GDSK

De soan thao difdc noi dung TT - GDSK sat vdi muc tieu va phu hdp vdi doi tifdng dich, sinh vien can diia vao

- Muc tieu TT - GDSK (theo ke hoach TT - GD SK da xay diing)

- Dac diem doi tUdng dich: trinh do van hoa, dan toe, ton giao, thdi quen, sd thich, Ida tuoi, nghe nghiep .)

- Diia vao nhiing hieu biet ve van de c ln TT - GDSK, sinh vien xac dinh nhiing noi dung nao ddi tUdng TT - G D SK phai biet, noi dung nao ho can biet va noidung nao ho nen biet

Yeu cau cua mot bai TT - GDSK c ln the hien ro

- Viet cho ai: the hien qua noi dung, cach hanh van cho phu hdp vdi tiing nhom ddi tudng, nham gay sU hting thu d ngifdi nghe

- Viet gi? Viet nhiing dieu can phai truyen dat, dap ting dung muc tieu:+ Lifdng thong tin can va du

+ Chi viet nhiing van de chac chan dUdc khang dinh

- Viet nhu the nao?

+ Viet theo the chu dong, cd tinh kh&ng dinh chac chan

+ Dung cac tti ngti ddn gian, de hieu, ngon ngti dia phudng, phti hdp vdi ddi tUdng giao due, khong dting nhiing tti khd hieu hoac tti chuyen mon

+ Dua ra dude nhting ldi khuyen thiet thuc vdi nhu c l u cua ngudi dan de ho

cd the lam theo dUdc

+ Chu y neu bai viet dUdc phat thanh: can viet n g ln gon, doc khong qua 10 phut Bai viet de ndi chuyen triic tiep khong qua 20 phut

+ Bai viet de ap dung phudng phap ndi chuyen stic khoe nen viet dudi dang

“van xuoi” vdi tting p h in muc ro rang, bai viet de ap dung phudng phap thao luan nhom nen viet dudi dang “cau hoi va tra ldi”

* Liia chon phudng phap, phudng tien TT - GDSK

Viec liia chon dUdc phudng tien va phudng phap TT - G D SK phu hdp se gop phan lam tang hieu qua cua TT - GDSK

Bang tong hdp sau day se giup sinh vien hi a chon dUdc phudng phap TT - GDSK phu hdp

Noi dung so sanh Noi chuyen sure khoe Thao luan nhom Tuvan stic khoe

Nhom Idn 50 - 60 ngudi

ft hieu biet hoac chua duqc nghe noi ve van de

Nhom nho 8 - 10 ngudi

Da co hieu biet ve van de nay, co the thai do, thuc hanh ve van de chua tot

1 Ca nhan, 1 cap vd chong 1 ho gia dinh

Khong phu thuoc

Chu de TT -GDSK Van de hoan toan mdi,

cap nhat

Nh de da duoc TT - GDSK nhieu lan nhung viec thay doi chua ro, dac biet ve thai do va thuc hanh

Khong phu thuoc ma chu de dua vao nhu cau cua doi tUdng can tu van la gi

Muc tieu TT - GDSK Giai quyet cac muc tieu

ve mat kien thUc va thai do

Giai quyet muc tieu thuc hanh va thai do rat hieu qua

Khong phu thuoc Muc tieu phu thuoc vao van de cua ngudi

tu van

So ngudi thuc hien Toi thieu 1 ngudi Toi thieu 2 ngudi 1 ngudi

Viec liia chon phiidng tien TT - GDSK ttiy thuoc nhieu vao dieu kien nguon liic san co tai cong dong Thong thUdng viec sii dung cac phiidng tien triic quan de minh hoa them cho ldi noi la can thiet de gop phan tang hieu qua TT - GDSK

B u d c 3: lap chiiOng trinh hanh dong

* Xac dinh nhan liic tham gia TT - GDSK:

Trong thiic te de to chiic cac hoat dong TT - GDSK can bo y te dia phudng se

la ngUdi diing ra to chiic Ngoai ra co sii tham gia cua cac to chiic ngoai nganh y

te: Dang Uy, UBND xa phiidng Hoi nong dan Hoi phu nii, Doan thanh men, triidng pho thong, nha tre, to dan pho" cac to chiic van hoa - xa hoi khac d dia phiidng

Tuy nhien day la hoat dong hoc tap cua sinh vien, vi vay, sinh vien se la ngUdi tham gia chinh chiu trach nhiem ve lap ke hoach va thiic hien TT - GDSK Can bo y te xa se giup to chiic va huy dong cac nguon lu'c dia phiidng

* Kinh phi cho hoat dong GDSK:

Lav d dau? Lay bao nhieu? De dap ling cac yeu cau can thiet nhii in an tai lieu, trang bj ky thuat phiidng tien giao due va huan luyen ngiidi lam GDSK

* Thii nghiem tai lieu, phiidng tien TT - GDSK:

Can kiem tra lai xem tai lieu, phiidng tien co phu hdp vdi noi dung dii dinh

TT - GDSK khong? Chat liidng co tot khong? So liidng co du khong? Chi chu&n bi

du so" liidng dii tinh, tranh gay thiia, lang phi

* Lam thu (dong vai):

Triiclc khi trien khai tren thiic dia (lam that) can tien hanh lam thii de rut kinh nghiem

Bifofc 4: trien khai thiic hien

Sau khi da lam thii thanh thao, se tien hanh lam that tren thiic dia vdi nhom doi tUdng ma ta can phai giao due Can liiu y bam sat ke hoach da xay diing

de thiic hien

B u d c 5: danh gia ket qua dat diidc

Khi lap ke hoach, can dii kien se danh gia ket qua TT - GDSK bang phiidng phap nao, cong cu nao? Thong thiidng, mot so phiidng phap liidng gia co the ap dung nhii sau:

- Liidng gia kien thiic: dat cau hoi tiidng ling vdi cac noi dung da truyen dat hay thao luan vdi ddi tUdng

- Liidng gia ky nang thiic hanh: cho doi tiidng thiic hien lai cac thao tac, quan sat theo bang kiem

- Ludng gia thai do: thiidng kho liidng gia thai do hdn liidng gia kien thiic va

ky nang Co the ket hdp nhieu phudng phap nhii hoi va quan sat

Tom lai: ke hoach GDSK lap xong phai tra ldi diidc 10 cau hoi sau:

1 Tai sao phai giao due van de do?

2 Giao due cho ai?

3 Noi dung giao due la gi?

4 Giao due bang hinh thiic nao?

5 Dung phiidng tien va tai lieu nao?

6 Ai co the lam diidc? Co can phai dao tao va huan luyen lai khong?

7 Kinh phi de huan luyen nhan vien, de san xuat tai lieu phiidng tien GDSK lay d dau?

8 Lam d dau?

9 Lam the nao? Cai nao lam triidc? Cai nao la sau?

10 Danh gia ket qua ra sao?

Cac biidc lap ke hoach TT - GD SK co the diidc kiem tra lai theo bang checklist sau:

Bang kiem hoc ky nang lap ke hoach TT - GDSK

1 Budc 1: Xac dinh muc

tieu TT - GDSK

Dua ra duoc dich can dat cua

TT - GDSK la gi, lam djnh hudng cho viec xac djnh phudng phap, phudng tien va cach danh gia ket qua

Muc tieu dap uTig duoc nhu cau cua doi tupng ve van

de TT - GDSK; Muc tieu dupe viet dung cach

Birdc 2: chon chien luoc

Doi tuong dich dupe xac djnh dung

3 Noi dung bai TT - GDSK

diia ra duoc cac van de

trong tam d ip utig muc tieu

Dam bao TT - GDSK dupe thuc hien sat muc tieu da de ra

Noi dung TT - GDSK dupe viet phu hdp vdi muc tieu4

I 5

Noi dung TT - GDSK duoc

viet ngan gon, d§ hieu,

phu hop vdi doi ti/png

Dam bap doi tuong TT - GDSK tiep thu mot cach de dang nhat, nhanh nhat

Noi dung TT - GDSK dupe viet ngin gon, dung tU ngur dja phuong, phu hop trinh do ngudi nghe

I Chon phudng phap TT - GDSK phu hop Dam bao TT - GDSK dat hieu qua cao nhat co the Phuong phap TT - GDSK dupe lua chon phu hop vdi

doi tupng (so luong, mUc do hanh vi sire khoe cua doi tudng), tinh chat cua chu de can TT - GDSK, muc tieu

Budc 3: lap chUdng trinh

hanh dong

7 Chon thai gian, khoang

thdi gian TT - GDSK phu

s6thich cua doi tupng; Ngoai

ra, thdi gian cung can phu hdp vdi phUdng phap TT - GDSK dupe ap dung

8 Chon dja diem de TT -

GDSK phu hdp tuong tham gia dupe day du, Nhim tao dieu kien cho doi

thoai mai nhat

Phu^ hdp vdi doi tupng ve khoang each, sd thich Ngoai ra dja diem con phu hop vdi yeu cau cua noi dung TT - GDSK

9 Co du" kien thir nghiem

trudc phuting phap va

phudng tien trudc khi thuc

hien TT - GDSK

Nhamhan che nhung sai sot

co the say ra trong khi thuc hien

Lam thir den khi thuc hien thuan thuc cac noi dung

Budc 4: trien khai thuc hien

10 Budc 5: danh gia ket qua

Co du kien ke hoach danh

gia ket qua khi ket thuc

chUdng trinh TT - GDSK Danh gia hieu qua TT - GDSK

Phuong phap danh gia du kien phu hop , de ap dung Cong cu danh gia dupe chuan bi chi tiet

TL/LUONG GIA

1 Cong cu lupng gia

Bang kiem lilting gid ky nang lap ke hoach mot chitting trinh TT ■ GDSK

1 Muc tieu cho chUdng trinh TT - GDSK dUdc xac dinh dap ting

dUdc 5 tieu chuan cua muc tieu TT - GDSK

2 Xac djnh dung nhom doi tifdng dich

3 Noi dung bai TT - GDSK dua ra dUdc cac van de trong tam

dap ung muc tieu

4 Noi dung TT - GDSK dUdc viet ngln gon, d i hieu, phu hdp vdi

doi tudng

5 Chon phuong phap TT - GDSK phu hdp

6 Chon phudng tien TT - GDSK phu hdp

7 Chon thdi gian, khoang thdi gian TT - GDSK phu hdp

8 Chon dja diem <Je TT - GDSK phu hdp

9 Co du kien thCf nghiem trudc phudng phap va phudng tien

trudc khi thuc hien TT - GDSK

10 Co du kien ke hoach danh gia ket qua khi ket thuc chUdng

trinh TT - GDSK

2 Hudng dan tu lupng gia

Nhom sinh vien sii dung bang kiem de tii liidng gia khi ket thuc bai hoc, xac dinh nhUng diem lam chiia tot va co ke hoach tiep tuc ren luyen ky nang do

HUCJNG DAN TL/ HOC, TL/ NGHIEN CL/ll, VAN DUNG THL/C TE

Day la bai hoc thiic hanh tai thiic dia, vi vay sinh vien can xem lai cac phan ly thuyet co lien quan triidc khi tien hanh Ky nang lam viec nhom dong vai tro rat quan trong de sinh vien hoan thanh muc tieu bai hoc Do do, triidc khi tien hanh nhom can thong nhat ke hoach thiic hien

Ke hoach bao gom:

- Noi dung cong viec cian thiic hien de lap ke hoach

- Thdi gian: bat dau tii khi nao den khi nao ket thuc

- Ngiidi thiic hien: Phan cong thanh vien trong nhom moi ngiidi thiic hien mot nhiem vu de hoan thanh diidc viec lap ke hoach

Ngoai ra sinh vien co the tham khao cac ke hoach TT -G D SK cua tram v te

dung trong dieu kien thuc te cua dia phUdng, tim ra nhiing diem tot va chiia tot cua nhiing ban ke hoach do de co kinh nghiem xay diing ke hoach TT-G D SK cho ban than.

2 Van dung thi/c te

Sinh vien can van dung ly thuyet va kinh nghiem ban than de van dung cho viec xay diing ke hoach TT-GDSK phu hop vdi dieu kien thiic te cua cong dong Mot ban ke hoach sat vdi thiic te dia phiiOng la ban ke hoach co tinh kha thi cao, de thuc hien, duoc thiic hien bang chinh nguon liic san co tU cong dong va dat hieu qua TT - GD SK cao

N hiing kien thUc va ky nang lap ke hoach TT - GDSK cung co the van dung cho lap ke hoach cho bat cii mot giai phap de giai quyet cac van de y te noi rieng hay mot van de gi do trong cuoc song hang ngay noi chung

3 Tai lieu tham khao

1 TrUOng dai hoc Y khoa Thai Nguyen Bo mon Ve sinh - Moi TrUOng - Dich

te Dinh hudng nghien cUu sUc khoe cong dong - 1997

2 Trudng dai hoc Y khoa Thai Nguyen Bo mon Y hoc cong dong Giao due va nang cao sUc khoe - 2004

3 To chUc Y te The gidi Giao due sUc khoe Geneva, 1988

4 Trung tam tuyen truyen bao ve sUc khoe - Bo Y te Giao trinh cO ban ve giao due sUc khoe Ha Noi - 1993

5 TrUdng Can bo quan ly Y te Giao due sUc khoe va nang cao sUc khoe Nha xuat ban Y hoc Ha Noi - 2000

THUC HANH TRUYEN THONG - GIAO OUC Sifc KHOE

MUC TIEU

Sau khi thitc hanh xong sinh vien co khd nang:

1 Thitc hien ditac buoi T T - G D S K theo nhit ke hoach dd xay ditng.

1 Chuan bj

* Cac tai lieu can thiet cho buoi TT - GDSK

- Ke hoach cho buoi TT - GDSK

- Bai truyen thong - giao due siic khoe

- Cac loai phiidng tien TT - GDSK can sU dung

* Mdi doi tudng TT - GDSK:

- Sinh vien co the mdi true tiep hoac nhd can bo y te xa, nhan vien y te thon ban giup dd hoac dai dien cac ban nganh doan the ma doi tudng TT — GD SK thiidng tham gia sinh hoat Vi du: doi tudng la ngiidi cao tuoi thi co the lien he nhd ngiidi hoi trUdng hoi ngudi cao tuoi giup dd mdi doi tudng

- Thong bao cho doi tudng r5 ngay, gid, dia diem cu the cua buoi TT - GDSK

* Mdi dai dien chinh quyen dia phiidng, dai dien tram y te

* Chuan bi cd sd vat chat cho buoi TT - GDSK: ch6 ngoi, ban ghe, nUdc uong, loa dai khau hieu (neu can)

2 Trien khai thuc hien

- Don tiep doi tiidng: day la giai doan rat tot de ngiidi TT - GD SK lam quen

va thiet lap moi quan he gan gui vdi doi tiidng TT - GDSK tao dieu kien de buoi TT

- GDSK dien ra cd hieu qua

- Thiic hien TT - GDSK theo ke hoach da xay dung: c in lUu y dam bao buoi

TT - GDSK dien ra theo dung cac muc tieu thdi gian da de ra Dac biet can dam bao thuc hien dung cac budc cua phudng phap TT - GD SK da lua chon

2 1 Thin; hien TT - GDSK b&ng phuong phap ndi chuyen sue khoe

Bang kiem hoc thiic hanh noi chuyen siic khoe

1 Tac phong, thai do than

mat, don tiep doi tupng

niem no

Thiet lap moi quan he tot vdi doi tupng, tao ra su thoai mai ve mat tam ly cho doi tupng

Ddi tupng d trong trang thai tam ly thoai mai; Cd su gan gui giua doi tuong va ngudi TT-GDSK

2 Gidi thieu muc tieu, noi

dung buoi noi chuyen

GDSK

Nham lam cho doi tupng biet dupe muc dich, muc tieu cua buoi TT - GDSK

Doi tuong biet ro ve muc tieu cua buoi TT - GDSK

3 Cung cap thong tin day du,

khoa hpc, chinh xac, sat muc

tieu de ra

Dam bao thong tin GDSK dua ra la khoa hpc, chinh xac

Thong tin dam bao tinh khoa hpc, chinh xac, sat muc tieu

4 Ngon ngu ro rang, mach

lac, de hieu, phu hop vdi

Giup doi tupng de hieu, de

bj thuyet phuc ve van de can truyen dat

Cac vi du cd thuc trong thuc

te dja phuong noi doi tupng song

6 Sir dung cac phuong tien

truyen thong thich hop vdi

noi dung giao due

Nham minh hoa them cho ldi ndi, giup doi tupng d i tiep thu

Phuong tien dupe lua chon phu hop vdi van de can minh hoa

7 Khuyen khich doi tupng

dat cac cau hoi

Nham khuyen khich su tham gia cua doi tupng

Ddi tupng tham gia dat cau hoi

8 Kiem tra xem doi tuong

hieu, tin va se thuc hien

hanh vi mdi nhuthe nao

Nham danh gia duoc hieu qua TT-G DSK

Hieu qua cua TT - GDSK dupe lupng gia

9 Tham gia thao luan, ho tro

doi tupng thuc hien va duy

tri hanh vi mdi

Nham khuyen khich doi tupng thay doi hanh vi sire khoe

Ddi tupng dupe ho trp, khuyen khich de thay doi hanh vi

2.2 Thuc hien TT - GDSK bang phuong phap thao luan nhom

Bang kiem hoc thuc hanh giao due sue khoe thong qua thao luan nhom (TLN)

1 Tac phong, thai do than

mat, ddn tiep doi tupng

niem nd

Thiet lap mdi quan he tot vdi doi tupng, tao ra su thoai mai ve mat tam ly cho ddi tupng

Ddi tupng 0 trong trang thai tam ly thoai mai; Cd su gan gui giua doi tuong va ngudi TT-G DSK

2 S ip xep cho ngoi cua cac

thanh vien tham gia thao

luan hpp ly

Tao dieu kien de quan sat lin nhau, lam cuoc thao luan diin ra de dang

Cac thanh vien nhin thay mat nhau va mat ngudi dieu khien thao luan Ngudi dieu khien thao luan nen ngoi xen ke vdi cac thanh vien

3 Gidi thieu de moi ngudi

trong nhom lam quen vdi

nhau

Tao dieu kien thuan ldi de moi ngudi s in sang tham gia vao cuoc thao luan

Cac thanh vien trong nhom lam quen vdi nhau va vdi ngudi dieu khien cuoc thao luan

4 Gidi thieu muc tieu, noi

dung, each tien hanh thao

luan, thdi gian tien hanh

thao luan (trong bao lau)

Nham lam cho doi tupng biet duoc muc dich, muc tieu, each tien hanh cua buoi TT - GDSK

Doi tudng biet ro ve muc tieu cua buoi TT - GDSK, biet hp

se phai tham gia nhu the nao trong TLN

5 Tien hanh cuoc thao luan

theo tung muc tieu de ra

Nham dam bao cuoc thao luan thuc hien theo cac muc tieu da de ra

Cuoc thao luan dien ra theo dung muc tieu

6 Dat cau hoi thao luan ro

7 Khuyen khich moi thanh

vien trong nhom tham gia

8 Giai dap ro rang, mach lac

nhung cau hoi cua doi

9 Co thu ky quan sat, ghi

chep cac y kien thao luan

Ghi lai dien bien cuoc thao luan , gop y cho ngudi dieu khien cuoc thao luan

Cd bien ban thao luan nhom

10 Sir dung cac phuong tien

truyen thong thich hop vdi

noi dung giao due

Nham minh hoa them cho ldi noi, giup doi tupng de tiep thu

Phudng tien dupe lira chon phu hop vdi van de can minh hoa

11 Ngon ngu ro rang, mach

lac, d i hieu, phu hop vdi

12 Nhan xet tom tat ket qua

cuoc thao luan trudc khi

ket thuc

N hlm nhan manh vdi doi tupng nhung noi dung can nhd

Doi tupng hieu rd nhung noi dung

13 Cam dn doi tupng va hen

gap lai

Cam dn su tham gia cua doi tupng

Doi tupng cd an tupng tot

2.3 Thifc hien TT - GDSK bang phuong phap tif van sue khoe

Bang kiem hoc thiic hanh tii van siic khoe

1 Tiep ddn doi tupng niem nd

ngay tU dau:

- Chao hoi, mdi ngoi

- Gidi thieu ve minh

Thiet lap moi quan he tot vdi doi tupng, tao ra su thoai mai ve mat tam ly cho doi tupng

Doi tupng o trong trang thai tam ly thoai mai Cd

sU gan gui giua doi tudng

va ngudi TT - GDSK

2 Hoi tham, tim hieu ve cac

van de lien quan den su lo

lang cua doi tupng

Nham xac dinh dung nhu cau can tuvan cua doi tudng

Xac dinh dung van de can

tu van cua doi tupng

An can hudng dan cac bien

phap de giai quyet van de

can dupe tu vain

Cung cap cho doi tupng cac giai phap co the de giai quyet van de cua hp

Doi tupng biet dupe cac giai phap co the ap dung

de giai quyet van de cua ban than

4 Nhin nai giup doi tupng lua

chon cach giai quyet phu hop

nhat doi vPi van de can dupe

tu van

Giup doi tupng chon dupe giai phap tot nhat de giai quyet van de cua hp

Doi tupng chon dupe giai phap phu hop vPi kha nang cua ho vdi su giup

do cua nguoi tu van

5 Khuyen doi tupng an tam

thuc hien cac bien phap giai

quyet van de can tu van da

thong nhat

Nhlm tao dieu kien, khuyen khich doi tupng thuc hien nhung dieu da dupe tu van

Ddi tupng an tam thuc hien theo IPi khuyen cua nguoi tu van

6 Giai thich cho doi tupng biet

khi nao phai trd lai

The hien su quan tam, dong thoi tao thoi diem de kiem tra su" thay doi hanh

vi cua doi tupng

Doi tupng dong y va biet khi nao can quay lai gap nguoi tu van

T l/ Ll/ONG GIA

1 Cong cu lupng gia: bang kiem

Bang kiem liidng gid ky nang noi chuyen T T - G D S K

1 Tac phong, thai do than mat, don tiep doi tupng niem no

2 Gidi thieu muc tieu, noi dung buoi noi chuyen GDSK

3 Cung cap thong tin day du, khoa hpc, chinh xac, sat muc tieu de ra

4 Ngon ngu ro rang, mach lac, de hieu, phu hop vPi doi tupng

5 Minh hoa bang cac vi du thuc te

6 Sir dung cac phuong tien truyen thong thich hop vPi noi dung

giao due

7 Khuyen khich doi tupng dat cac cau hoi

8 Kiem tra xem doi tupng hieu, tin va se thuc hien hanh vi mPi

nhu the nao

9 Tham gia thao luan, ho trp doi tupng thuc hien va duy tri hanh

t vi mdi