SM6 switchgear (Circuit Breakers)

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SM6 range

field of application

definitions

Below is the list of SM6 range units used in

MV/LV transformer substations and

industrial distribution substations

breaker

single-isolation circuit breaker

cables for standby

connection unit

industrial distribution substations

In addition to its technical characteristics,SM6 meets requirements concerningprotection of life and property as well asease of installation and operation.

SM6 units are designed for indoorinstallation (IP2XC) Their compactdimensions are:

All control functions are centralised on afront plate, thus simplifying operation Theunits may be equipped with a number ofaccessories (relays, toroids, instrumenttransformers, etc.)

standards

SM6 units meet all the followingrecommendations, standards andspecifications:

electrical diagram code:

unit;

current is 12.5 kA/1s

main electrical characteristics

The hereunder values are for working temperatures from -5° C up to +40° C and for

a setting up at an altitude below 1000 m

The making capacity is equal to 2.5 times the short-time withstand current

* 60 kV peak for the CRM unit

SM6 range

description of functions

units for all functions:

connection to the networks

Incoming or outgoing unit

right or left outgoing line

Withdrawable single-isolation circuit breaker unit,

right outgoing line

SM6 range

units for all functions:

MV metering

Voltage transformers for mains

with earthed neutral system

Voltage transformers for mains with insulated neutral system

Current and/or voltage measurement unit,

right or left outgoing line

functions required by private networks (cont.) page

N S

Cables power supply for

main incoming line and standby line

Busbars power supply for main incoming line on right or left and cables for standby line

N S

MERLIN GERIN

factory-built cubicles

incorporating SF6 switchgear

and control/monitoring and protection functions

The Sepam range is a set of protection and

control units which have the capacity to

fullfil all types of applications:

Each Sepam is an optimized solution in

terms of functions, performance and price

Each Sepam includes all the protection,

metering, control, monitoring and

annunciation functions required for its

assigned application

The functions have very wide setting

ranges, all types of curves and can

therefore fit into any protection system

VIP

inverse time-delay autonomous

source transfer switches

continuity of the electrical power supply

Designed for energy management anddistribution applications, these electronicunits automatically and safely switchbetween two different MV sources

Note : these equipments (exept VIP and

Statimax) are set up in the low-voltagecompartment of the concerning unit

Statimax

definite time-delay autonomous

General protection of MV consumersubstations (MV metering) Statimaxensures, without an auxiliary source ofpower and following a given time delay,protection in the event of phase or zero-sequence faults

MERLIN GERIN

SM6

SM6 range

description

factory-built cubicles

1 switchgear: switch-disconnector and

earthing switch in an enclosure filled withSF6 and satisfying «sealed pressuresystem» requirements

2 busbars: all in the same horizontal

plane, thus enabling later switchboardextensions and connection to existingequipment using adaptation kits (a 125 mmduct for the VM6)

3 connection: accessible through front,

connection to the lower switch-disconnectorand earthing switch terminals (IM cubicles)

or the lower fuse-holders (PM and QMcubicles) This compartment is alsoequipped with an earthing switchdownstream from the MV fuses for thetransformer protection units (PM and QMcubicles)

4 operating mechanism: contains the

elements used to operate the disconnector and earthing switch andactuate the corresponding indications(positive break) The operating functionsmay be motorized (optional)

switch-5 low voltage: installation of a terminal

block (if motor option installed), LV fusesand compact relay devices If more space

is required, an additional enclosure may beadded on top of the cubicle

1 switchgear: disconnector(s) and earth

switch(es) in an enclosure filled with SF6and satisfying «sealed pressure system»requirements

2 busbars: all in the same horizontal

plane, thus enabling later switchboardextensions and connection to existingequipment using adaptation kits (a 125 mmduct for the VM6)

3 connection and switchgear:

accessible through front, connection to thedownstream terminals of the circuit breaker.Current and voltage transformers may beinstalled as needed Two types of Fluarccircuit breakers may be used:

electronic protection system and specialsensors (requiring no auxiliary powersupply);

and standard sensors (with or without anauxiliary power supply)

4 operating mechanism: contains the

elements used to operate thedisconnector(s), the circuit breaker and theearthing switch and actuate the

corresponding indications The circuitbreaker operating functions may bemotorized (optional)

5 low voltage: installation of compact

relay devices (Statimax) and test terminalboxes If more space is required, anadditional enclosure may be added on top

MERLIN GERIN

MERLIN GERIN

SM6

1 switchgear: disconnector and earthing

switch in an enclosure filled with SF6 andsatisfying «sealed pressure system»requirements

2 busbars: all in the same horizontal

plane, thus enabling later switchboardextensions and connection to existingequipment using adaptation kits (a 125 mmduct for the VM6)

3 connection and switchgear:

accessible through front This compartment

is also equipped with an earthing switchdownstream and current and voltagetransformers may be installed as needed.The Rollarc contactor may be equippedwith fuses Two types may be used:

4 operating mechanism: contains the

elements used to operate thedisconnector(s), the contactor 400 or 400Dand the earthing switch and actuate thecorresponding indications

5 low voltage: installation of compact

relay devices and test terminal boxes.With basic equipment, an additionalenclosure is added on top of the cubicle

operating safety

switches, circuit breakers

and contactors

Total operating safety is guaranteed in the

SM6 range by the division of cubicles into

five distinct compartments and the

simplicity of switching operations

enhanced by functional interlock systems

Simplicity of operations

centralised in the operating-mechanismcompartment;

mounted in the operating-mechanismcompartment of the Fluarc SFset circuitbreaker;

levers, push-buttons and trip units(accessories);

indicated by animated mimic panel;

lights connected to the capacitive dividers

on the cable heads

Disconnection and positive-break indication

The position indicator placed directly onthe shaft of the moving assemblydependably signals the position of thecontacts due to a direct and reliablemechanical transmission system Theposition of the inspection windows incubicle panels may vary depending onfuture modifications in specifications andstandards

2

1

5

4 3

4

gamme SM6

Cubicles are made up of five compartments

(switch and/or disconnector)

busbar compartment

This compartment is separated from thebusbar compartment and the connectioncompartment by the enclosure surroundingthe switch, the disconnector and theearthing switch

The three insulated busbars are mounted Connection is made to the upperpads of the enclosure using a fielddistributor with integrated captive screws.Ratings 400 - 630 - 1250 A

parallel-connection and switchgear

compartment (circuit breaker)

operating-mechanism compartment

low-voltage compartment

The network cables are connected to the

terminals of the switch and the earthing

switch Transformer cables are connected

to the lower fuse holder or to the

downstream connection pads of the circuit

breaker Cables may have either:

With basic equipment, the maximum

allowable cross-section for cables is:

units

outgoing cubicles

cubicles incorporating fuses

The earthing switch must be closed before

the cubicle may be accessed The reduced

depth of the cubicle makes for easy

connection of all phases A stud

incorporated in the field distributor makes it

possible to position and secure the

cable-end lug with a single hand

This compartment contains the variousoperating functions for the:

and the voltage indicators

The operating-mechanism compartment forthe switch, earthing switch and

disconnector(s) may be accessed with thecables and busbars energised and withoutisolating the substation

It also enables easy installation ofpadlocks, locks and standard LVaccessories (auxiliary contacts, trip units,motors, etc.)

If the switch operating mechanism ismotorised, this compartment is equippedwith a terminal block and LV fuses It may

be enlarged by adding an enclosure with adoor on the top of the cubicle

These compartments may be accessedwith the cables and busbars energised andwithout isolating the substation

appareil fermé appareil ouvert appareil à la terre

switch or disconnector and earthing switch

SM6 switch-disconnectors and earthing

switches and the SFset and SF1 circuit

breakers use sulphur hexafluoride gas

(SF6) for insulation and breaking

The active parts are placed in an insulating

enclosure in accordance with the definition

of IEC 56/Appendix EE (1987 edition) for

sealed pressure systems

SM6 devices offer remarkable

characteristics:

The three rotating contacts are placed in anenclosure filled with gas to a relativepressure of 0.4 bars (400 hp) This systemoffers maximum operating reliability:

The enclosure filled with SF6 gas satisfies

“sealed pressure system” requirements andseal tightness is always checked in thefactory

positions, “closed”, “open” or “earthed”,

representing a natural interlocking systemthat prevents incorrect operation

Moving-contact rotation is driven by a acting mechanism that is independent ofthe action of the operator

disconnection functions

has a short-circuit making capacity, incompliance with standards

eliminated by the opening of the safetymembrane, in which case the gas isdirected toward the back of the unit, thusavoiding projection or other relatedphenomena in front

The exceptional qualities of SF6 gas areused to extinguish the electrical arc Toincrease cooling of the arc, a relativemovement is created between the arc andthe gas The arc appears when the fixedand moving contacts separate Thecombination of the current and a magneticfield created by a permanent magnetprovokes arc rotation around the fixedcontact, resulting in arc extension andcooling until it is extinguished at currentzero

The distance between the fixed and movingcontacts is then sufficient to withstand therecovery voltage

This system is both simple and sure andalso provides improved electricalendurance due to very low wear oncontacts

S

Fluarc SFset or SF1 circuit breaker

SFset circuit breaker with integrated

protection relay and sensors

The enclosure filled with SF6 gas satisfies

“sealed pressure system” requirements andseal tightness is always checked in thefactory

c operating safety

As for switch-units, accidental pressures are eliminated by the opening ofthe safety membrane

over-c breaking principle

The circuit breaker is based on the SF6 gasautocompression principle The inherent

qualities of SF6 and the soft break

resulting from this technique reduceswitching over-voltages

When the contacts begin to open, thepiston slightly compresses the SF6 gas inthe pressure chamber

The arc then forms between the arcingcontacts and the piston continues itsdownward movement A small quantity ofgas, directed by the insulating nozzle, isinjected into the arc

The cooling of the arc is thus achievedthrough forced convection for theinterruption of low currents, however, duringthe interruption of high currents, thermalexpansion is responsible for the transfer ofthe hot gases toward the cold parts of thepole unit Toward current zero, the distancebetween the two arcing contacts issufficient for final interruption of the currentdue to the dielectric properties of the SF6gas

The moving parts finish their travel whereasthe cold gas injection continues until thecontacts are completely open

3 7

10

9 8 5 4 6 11 1

This system offers maximum operatingreliability:

Accidental over-pressures are eliminated

by the opening of the safety membrane

The field is produced by a solenoid throughwhich the current to be interrupted flows

at the moment of opening The rotatingmovement cools the arc by forcedconvection

At the beginning of the opening operation,the main contacts and the arcing contactsare closed

The main circuit is cut by the separation

of the main contacts The arcing contactsare still closed

Separation of the arcing contacts closelyfollows that of the main contacts

The arc is subjected to the electromagneticfield produced by the arc-quenching coil,proportional to the current to be interrupted

The arc rotates rapidly, driven by theelectromagnetic forces and is thus cooled

by forced convection

Due to the phase shift between the currentand the magnetic field, this force is stillsignificant at zero current

At zero current, the gap between the twoarcing rings recovers its initial dielectricstrength due to the intrinsic properties ofSF6

1

2 3

4 8 10

11 1

appareil fermé contacts principaux séparés période d'arc appareil ouvert

contacts closed main contacts

separated

arcing period contacts open

for each phase and display of truemeasurement values requiring nocoefficients;

monitoring, autodiagnostics system and ahigh level of immunity to electromagneticinterference

VIP

VIP protection systems for the Fluarc SFsetcircuit breaker protect against phase andzero-sequence faults and require noauxiliary power supply There are two types

of protection, the VIP 13 with only «phase»

supervising and the VIP 200/201 units with

«phase» and «zero-sequence» supervisingfor microprocessor-based protection Allsystems offer a wide setting range for tripcurrents and all settings and operatingcharacteristics are designed for extendeddrift-free operation

interference;

delays enable excellent discrimination on anetwork;

relay integrated on the circuit breaker, withits sensors

Statimax

Definite time-delay protection, without anauxiliary source, against phase and zero-sequence faults Statimax is made up of anelectronic setting device, three toroidvoltage-matching transformers, a zero-sequence transformer and a regulationdevice that supplies the power for theelectronics and the low-energy Mitoprelease

Note: The source transfer assemblies are described with the corresponding units on page 33.

These equipments (except VIP and Statimax) are set up in a low voltage compartment

selection table

mechanism CI2 with opening and closing

shunt trips

enclosure for cabling from above,

dry-type single-core cables

IM (375 or 500 mm)

Incoming or outgoing unit

Optional accessories

lines (right or left)

shunt trip,

enclosure for cabling from above,

lines (right or left).

with opening shunt trip,

release

7,2

400 A

kA 25

kV 12

12,5

7,2

250 A 20

with magnetic holding or contactor R400D

with mechanical latching,

auxiliary contacts on the disconnector,

protection using Sepam promable

"double connection" equipment for

dry-type single-core cables

c cubicle

auxiliary contacts on the disconnector,

additional enclosure or connection

enclosure for cabling from above,

protection using Statimax relays,

or Sepam programable electronic unit for

Fluarc SF1 circuit breaker,

three voltage transformers for Fluarc SF1

opening and closing shunt trips, operation counter on manual operatingmechanism

line on left

line on right