What are the neww seven tools

Tools and Basic Seven Define problem after collecting numerical data Define problem before collecting numerical data Source: Nayatani, Y., The Seven New QC Tools Tokyo, Japan, 3A Corp

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The New Seven

A Training Presentation on the N7

By Christopher Diaz

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What are the

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History of the

techniques with design approach

Seven Tools

Slide 1 0f 2

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History of the

diagrammatically

process control, and quality

improvement (numerical data)

effectiveness

Slide 2 0f 2

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What are the

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Relation Between New Seven

Q.C Tools and Basic Seven

Define problem after

collecting numerical data Define problem before collecting numerical data

Source: Nayatani, Y., The Seven New QC Tools (Tokyo, Japan, 3A Corporation, 1984)

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Enhanced Capabilities

Benefits of Incorporating

New Seven Q.C Tools

Slide 1 0f 4

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Enhanced Keys to Organizational Reform

 Prioritize tasks effectively

Slide 2 0f 4

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Five Objectives of Organizational Reform which will establish a Culture that:

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Benefits of Incorporating

Unstructured Problem [must be put into solvable form]

Problem becomes obvious to all

Nub of problem

is identified

Problem can be clearly articulated

Plans are easily laid

Nothing is omitted

Source: The Seven New QC Tools

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For Pinpointing the Problem in a Chaotic

Situation and Generating Solution Strategies

verbal data (ideas, opinions, issues)

on natural relationship

and to find a solution to the problem

Slide 1 0f 7

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Advantages of Affinity Diagrams

stimulate fresh ideas

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Advantages of Affinity Diagrams (cont.)

Slide 3 0f 7

Topic

Affinity Statement

Data Card Data Card

Affinity Statement

Data Card Data Card

Affinity Statement

Data Card Data Card

Data Card

Affinity Statement

Data Card Data Card

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Constructing an Affinity Diagram

Group Method Approach

Slide 4 0f 7

 Select a topic

understands it thoroughly

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Group Method Approach (cont.)

Slide 5 0f 7

themes (natural affinity for each other)

new Affinity statement

groups

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Data Card Data Card

Affinity Statement

Data Card Data Card

Affinity Statement

Data Card Data Card

Data Card

Affinity Statement

Data Card Data Card

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For Finding Solutions Strategies by Clarifying

Relationships with Complex Interrelated Causes

the logical connection

rather than linear

diagrams

Slide 1 0f 7

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Advantages of Relations Diagrams

perspective on overall situation

thinking

accurately

Slide 2 0f 7

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Advantages of Relations Diagrams (cont.)

clarifying the relationships among causes

Secondary Cause

Secondary

Cause

Tertiary Cause 4th level

Cause

Tertiary Cause

4th level Cause 5th level Cause

6th level Cause

Tertiary Cause

Secondary Cause

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Constructing a Relations Diagram

Slide 4 0f 7

isn’t something happening?”

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Slide 5 0f 7

relationships, and divide the cards into primary, secondary and tertiary causes

have been identified

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Slide 6 0f 7

Next, complete the diagram

relationships among causes

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Secondary Cause

Secondary

Cause

Tertiary Cause

4th level

Cause

Tertiary Cause

4th level Cause 5th level Cause

6th level Cause

Tertiary Cause

Secondary Cause

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Dendrograms

Slide 1 0f 5

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Advantages of Tree Diagrams

likely that items are omitted

3rd means 3rd means 3rd means

3rd means

4th means 4th means

4th means 4th means 4th means 4th means 4th means

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 Discuss means of achieving objective

(primary means, first level strategy)

Constructing a Tree Diagram

ob-jective for achieving it (secondary means)

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Constructing an Tree Diagram

Slide 4 0f 5

directions (from objective to means and means to objective)

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Primary means

3rd means 3rd means

3rd means

4th means

4th means 4th means

4th means 4th means 4th means 4th means 4th means 4th means

4th means 4th means 4th means

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For Clarifying Problems by “Thinking

Multidimensionally”

determine location and nature of

problem

represented by the cells in matrix

Slide 1 0f 7

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Advantages of Matrix Diagrams

diagrams, location of problem is clearer

Slide 2 0f 7

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Advantages of Matrix Diagrams (cont.)

X-shaped, and C-shaped

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Constructing a Matrix Diagram

Slide 4 0f 7

diagram forming vertical axis

 Write in Evaluation categories (efficacy,

practicability, and rank) on horizontal axis

whom will implement them

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Constructing a Matrix Diagram (cont.)

Slide 5 0f 7

 Label group of columns as “Responsibilities”

as “Remarks”

appropriate symbol:

Efficacy: O=good, =satisfactory, X=none

Practicability: O=good,=satisfactory, X=none

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Columns, insert double-circle for

Principal and single-circle for Subsidiary

of symbols, record in rank column

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from Tree diagram O O 1 O

Eva lua tion Re sponsibilitie s

Re ma rks

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For Working Out Optimal Schedules and

Controlling Them Effectively

needed to implement a plan

events and arrows for activities

 Used in PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique) and CPM (Critical Path Method)

Slide 1 0f 7

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Advantages of Arrow Diagrams

snags to be identified before work starts

improvements

Slide 2 0f 7

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Advantages of Arrow Diagrams (cont.)

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Constructing an Arrow Diagram

Slide 4 0f 7

one (Objective of Arrow Diagram)

cards

Objective

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sequence with greatest amount of

activities

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sequence from left to right

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Process Decisions Program

For Producing the Desired Result from Many

Possible Outcomes

unanticipated problems occur

overcome problems

Slide 1 0f 7

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Advantages of Process Decisions Program

Charts (PDPC’s)

 Facilitates forecasting

successful conclusion

decision-makers intentions

Slide 2 0f 7

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Start

GOAL

YES YES

NO NO

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Constructing a PDPC

Slide 4 0f 7

 Select a highly effective, but difficult

strategy from the Tree diagram

 Decide on a goal (most desirable outcome)

 Identify existing situation (Starting point)

problems with each activity

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Constructing an PDPC (cont.)

Slide 5 0f 7

problems not thought of previously

and review what action is needed if

step is not achieved

inconsistencies and all important factors are included

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Constructing an PDPC (cont.)

Slide 6 0f 7

plans are adequate

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Completing a PDPC Slide 7 0f 7

Start

GOAL

YES YES

NO NO

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Principal Component Analysis

presented in Matrix

attempt to clarify large amount of

information

Slide 1 0f 6

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Advantages of Principal Component Analysis

 Can be used in various fields (market surveys, new product planning, process analysis)

does not give sufficient information

 Useful as Prioritization Grid

Slide 2 0f 6

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Constructing a Prioritization Grid

Source: Foster, S., Managing Quality (Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2001)

Slide 3 0f 6

and criteria for decision

overall ranking (Divide by number of options

for average ranking)

(all weights should add up to 1)

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Constructing a Prioritization Grid (cont.)

Slide 4 0f 6

criterion (Average the rankings and apply a

completed ranking)

Matrix (in example, 4 is best, 1 is worst)

option

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Constructing a Prioritization Grid (cont.)

Slide 5 0f 6

See completed the diagram

importance

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Completing a Prioritization Grid Slide 6 0f 6

Importance Sum Score

Option Ranking (least important)

Strength

Importance score

Rank Percentage weight

Percentage weight

Rank Importance score

Percentage weight

Sum of weights

Average weight

Criterion Ranking

Customer Acceptance (most important)

.40 4 1.6

.30 3 90

.25 1 25

0.3 3 90 1.25

2 40 25 75

.10 1 10 20

.95 24 3

Criteria

.40 4 3

1.6 31

1

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Mental Attitudes

- Keen awareness to the actual problem

- Eagerness to solve problem

- Be highly motivated for the challenge

Keys to Successfully Using the

Slide 1 0f 5

Four Specific Keys

 Understand the problem

 Select the right tool for the job

 Obtain appropriate verbal data

 Interpret analytical results

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Slide 2 0f 5

what exact issue should be addressed

explore causes and single out valid ones

required action is unknown

strategies and plan must be developed

4 Specific Keys

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Slide 3 0f 5

Stage 1 - Collect verbal information on events

(Affinity Diagram)

Stage 2 - Choose tool to identify causes

(Relations Diagram / Matrix Diagram)

Stage 3 - List strategies and activities

(Tree Diagram / Relations Diagram)

Plan actual activities

(Arrow Diagram / PDPC Chart)

4 Specific Keys (cont.)

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Slide 4 0f 5

Three types of verbal data:

- Facts ; factual observations expressed in words

- Opinions ; factual information colored by opinion

- Ideas ; New concepts created by analyzing facts

Group Discussions:

- Ensures common understanding

- All data should be without bias or distortion

- Data should fit objective of the analysis

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Slide 5 0f 5

Information must be obtained for accomplishing

objectives from:

- Completed diagrams ; or

Analyze actual information obtained:

- Prepare summarized report with findings,

conclusions, and processes used

- Check if necessary data has been obtained, if not

- Discover the cause and take appropriate action

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Practical Application of

Slide 1 0f 5

Complete the following Relations Diagram

- Review notes for clarity

- Get in groups of 4-5 per table (work as a team!)

- Topic - “ Using the New Seven QC Tools skillfully”

- “Cause cards” - will be provided (not categorized)

- Arrange cards to complete diagram

Example; Relations Diagram

”Abilities Required for Applying New Seven QC Tools”

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Primary Cause

Source: Foster, S., Managing Quality (Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2001)

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Practical Application of

Slide 3 0f 5

”Abilities Required for Applying New Seven QC Tools”

A Interpret data clearly N Understand seriousness of problem

B Select appropriate tool O Think flexibly from various standpoints

C Think systematically P Obtain appropriate verbal data

D Give opinions Q Expose core of problem

E Know what the problem is R Communicate well

F Extract necessary information S Accurately understand real problem

G Collect reliable verbal data T Have excellent intuition

H Think multidimensionally U See to heart of problem

I Obtain facts V Select appropriate type of verbal data

J Interpret analytical results W Think in terms of word-based diagram

K Generate ideas X Express genuine thoughts

L Know that distorted data is useless Y Hear and respect other's opinions

M Grasp overall pictured Z Generate highly accurate verbal data

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Primary Cause

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Summary

2- Raise People’s Problem Solving Confidence

3- Increase People’s Ability to Predict Future Events

Benefits of New Seven Q.C Tools

2- Make information visible 3- Organize information intelligibly 4- Clarify overall picture and fine details 5- Get more people involved

Roles of New Seven Q.C Tools

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Foster, Thomas Managing Quality An Integrative Approach

Upper Saddle River : Prentice Hall, 2001.

Nayatani, Yoshingobu, Eiga, Toru, Futami, Ryoji, Miyagawa,

Hiroyuki, and Loftus, John The Seven New QC Tools: Practical Applications for Managers Tokyo : 3A Corporation, 1994

“TQM: The 9 TQM Tools.” Internet

http://www.iqd.com/pfttools.htm

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